U.S. patent number 3,831,880 [Application Number 05/357,841] was granted by the patent office on 1974-08-27 for strand material creel and tension control.
Invention is credited to Eugene F. White, Francis H. White.
United States Patent |
3,831,880 |
White , et al. |
August 27, 1974 |
STRAND MATERIAL CREEL AND TENSION CONTROL
Abstract
Strand material is dispensed from wound packages under
controlled tension conditions by imposing a restraint against
rotation of the wound packages as strand material is withdrawn
therefrom. The restraint is imposed by controlled coalescence of a
body of magnetic particle material subjected to a controllable
magnetic flux, with coalesce of the material imposing between a
housing and a radially extending rotor forces which resist rotation
of the wound package.
Inventors: |
White; Eugene F. (Monroe,
NC), White; Francis H. (Monroe, NC) |
Family
ID: |
23407252 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/357,841 |
Filed: |
May 7, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
242/156;
242/156.2; 242/155M; 310/93 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65H
59/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65H
59/04 (20060101); B65H 59/00 (20060101); B65h
059/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;242/156,156.2,155M,75.4,75.43,75.44 ;310/93 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gilreath; Stanley N.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Parrott, Bell, Seltzer, Park,
Gibson
Claims
That which is claimed is:
1. A creel arrangement for delivering strand materials from wound
packages to a take-up apparatus under controlled tension conditions
and comprising:
elongate spindle means for mounting a wound package of strand
material and having a radially extending rotor adjacent one
terminal end,
bearing means for supporting said spindle means and a package
mounted thereon for rotation about the longitudinal axis of said
spindle means upon strand material being withdrawn from the
package,
housing means enclosing said bearing means and said one end of said
spindle means and defining a cavity about said rotor, said cavity
being configured to provide a rotor receiving portion and a
reservoir portion aligned axially with said spindle means and
disposed to one side of said rotor and having a radial extent less
than that of said rotor receiving portion,
frame means for supporting said housing means in predetermined
spaced relation from the take-up apparatus to which strand material
is delivered,
a body of magnetic particle material disposed in said housing means
cavity for intimate cooperation with said rotor independently of
the attitude and orientation of the apparatus, and
magnetic field means for generating a controllable magnetic flux
passing through said housing means cavity and said body of material
for coalescing said body of material and thereby for imposing
between said rotor and said housing means forces resisting rotation
of said spindle means and the package mounted thereon, said
magnetic field means encircling said spindle means at a location
spaced from said reservoir portion of said housing means cavity and
disposed to a side of said rotor opposite the location of said
reservoir portion.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising means for
sensing the tension condition of strand material being withdrawn
from the wound package and control means operatively connected with
said sensor means for responding thereto and operatively connected
with said magnetic field means for controllably varying the
magnetic flux passing through said housing means cavity in response
to sensed variations in strand material tension condition.
3. Tension control apparatus for controlling the tension in a
strand material withdrawn from a wound package mounted in a creel
structure and comprising:
elongate spindle means for mounting a wound package of strand
material and having a radially extending rotor adjacent one
terminal end,
bearing means for supporting said spindle means and a package
mounted thereon for rotation about the longitudinal axis of said
spindle means upon strand material being withdrawn from the
package,
housing means enclosing said bearing means and said one end of said
spindle means and defining a cavity about said rotor, said cavity
being configured to provide a rotor receiving portion and a
reservoir portion aligned axially with said spindle means and
disposed to one side of said rotor and having a radial extent less
than that of said rotor receiving portion,
a body of magnetic particle material disposed in said housing means
cavity for intimate cooperation with said rotor independently of
the attitude and orientation of the apparatus, and
magnetic field means for generating a controllable magnetic flux
passing through said housing means cavity and said body of material
for coalescing said body of material and thereby for imposing
between said rotor and said housing means forces resisting rotation
of said spindle means and the package mounted thereon, said
magnetic field means encircling said spindle means at a location
spaced from said reservoir portion of said housing means cavity and
disposed to a side of said rotor opposite the location of said
reservoir portion.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said rotor extends
radially of said spindle means in spaced relation between opposing
walls of said housing means cavity and said body of material is
disposed on both radial faces of said rotor for cooperation with
both of said opposing faces of said housing means cavity.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said rotor defines a
plurality of axially directed openings spaced thereabout for
distribution of said body of material throughout said housing means
cavity.
6. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said bearing means
comprises first and second anti-friction bearings spaced one from
another axially along said spindle means.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said first and second
bearings cooperate for supporting said spindle means and the
package mounted thereon in a cantilever arrangement.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said magnetic field means
encircles the one of said bearings nearest said rotor and extends
axially along said spindle means in spaced relation from said
rotor.
9. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said magnetic field means
includes an electromagnetic coil mounted within said housing means
for controlled electrical energization.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said electromagnetic
coil is concentric with said elongate spindle means.
Description
Many of the industrial processes which make use of strand materials
require that one or more strands of such material be dispensed to
the process by being unwound from packages typically mounted in a
structure called a creel. Such delivery of strand materials is, for
example, well known in the tire manufacturing industry and in the
textile industry. Particularly in circumstances where the quality
of the product produced depends upon consistent tension of the
strand materials supplied, tension control is of importance. One
specific example of such need for tension control is in the
supplying of steel wire used in the tire construction processes
which result in so called "steel radial" tires.
Heretofore, tension control in creels of the type described
hereinabove has been attempted by the use of friction brakes
imposing forces which resist rotation of wound packages from which
the strand materials are withdrawn by take-up devices such as a
tire building machine, beam winder or the like. Such approaches to
controlling the tension in a strand material withdrawn from the
wound package have been deficient, in that little or no provision
has been made for controllable variation in the friction forces and
the forces imposed change between static and rotating conditions of
the package, as well as between rotation at varying speeds
necessitated by differing take-up speeds of the strand
material.
In light of the deficiences of prior arrangements, it is an object
of this invention to control the tension in strand material being
withdrawn from a wound package mounted in a creel structure in a
manner which will assure an accurately and uniformly maintained
tension condition irrespective of the rotational speed or change in
rotational speed of the wound package. In accomplishing this object
of the present invention, reliance is placed upon a controllable
magnetic flux which controls the imposition of forces resisting
rotation of a wound package.
A further object of this invention is to arrange in a particularly
compact manner a spindle for mounting a wound package of strand
material from which material is to be withdrawn and elements of a
tension control which impose forces resisting rotation of the
spindle and the package mounted thereon. In realizing this object
of the present invention, an electromagnetic coil which generates a
controllable magnetic flux is arranged concentrically with a
spindle which mounts a wound package, a radially extending rotor
portion of the spindle, and a housing means cavity which extends
about the rotor portion. In particular, the electromagnetic coil is
offset from the location of the rotor portion, to facilitate the
compact arrangement for the apparatus for this invention.
Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other
objects will appear as the description proceeds, when taken in
connection with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a creel in accordance with
this invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the tension control apparatus
incorporated in the creel arrangement of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view, in section, through the tension control
apparatus of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the rotor portion of the spindle
incorporated in the tension control apparatus of FIGS. 1-3.
While a creel and tension control apparatus in accordance with the
present invention will be described hereinafter by reference to the
accompanying drawing, it is to be noted at the outset that the
present invention is susceptible to broad utility and that the
specific illustration and description is included here only as the
requisite disclosure of the best form presently known to the
inventor. Accordingly, the description and drawings are not to be
considered as limiting upon the present invention, but only as
illustrative thereof.
For purposes of this application, a creel in accordance with the
present invention has been illustrated in FIG. 1 by showing only a
single wound package (generally indicated at 10) of a strand
material 11 which is unwound from the package under the influence
of a take-up device (generally indicated at 12). In many typical
applications, the creel includes more than a single package 10 and
may include a large number of such packages, from each of which a
corresponding strand is drawn by the common take-up device. Such
creel structures are known to persons engaged in the practice of
various manufacturing processes including tire manufacturing
processes and textile processes. As is indicated, it is
conventional for one or more wound packages 10 to be supported on a
framework, indicated in part by a frame member 14 which may form a
portion of a larger creel structure so that a plurality of the
strands 11 may be supplied.
In accordance with this invention, each of the packages 10 is
mounted on an elongate spindle means 15 which forms a portion of a
tension control apparatus. Adjacent one terminal end of the spindle
means 15 is a radially extending rotor portion generally indicated
at 16. The rotor portion preferably is defined by a disk or plate
member 18 which has a plurality of openings 19 therein (the
purposes of which will be described hereinafter) and which is fixed
to a hub member 20. The hub member 20 is fixed to the terminal end
of the spindle means 15, as by a press fit thereon. The disk 18 and
hub member 20 together form a low inertia means which cooperates
with other elements as described hereinafter to resist rotation of
a mounted package.
The spindle means 15 is supported for rotation about its
longitudinal axis by bearing means which, in the form illustrated,
comprise a pair of spaced apart, sealed, antifriction or ball
bearings 22, 23. The bearing means formed by anti-friction bearings
22, 23 are enclosed within a housing means generally indicated at
25, which also encloses the inner terminal end of the spindle means
15 and the rotor portion 16 thereof. The housing means 25
additionally defines a cavity 26 (FIG. 3) about the rotor portion
16, for purposes to be described more fully hereinafter, and has a
flange portion 28 by which the housing 25 may be secured to a frame
member 14 in the creel structure. Preferably, an angled arrangement
is provided for the flange portion 28, to permit staggered
alignment of a plurality of strand materials 11 being delivered
from a corresponding plurality of wound packages 10, as will be
understood by persons familiar with the use of creels.
In order to limit end-play of the spindle means 15 and to fix
together for rotation the spindle means and a package 10 mounted
thereon, a hub 27 is provided and is secured to the spindle means
by a lock screw 33A and a pin 33B. The hub 27 has a drive pin 37
for engaging a mounted package and driving the spindle means in
rotation as strand material 11 is withdrawn.
In accordance with this invention, magnetic field means are mounted
within the housing means 25 for generating controllable magnetic
flux which passes through the cavity 26. In the form illustrated,
the magnetic field means takes the form of an electromagnetic coil
or winding 29, mounted within the housing 25 in concentric relation
with the spindle means 15, the bearing means 22, 23 and the rotor
portion 16. As will be noted from FIG. 3, the electromagnetic coil
29 is disposed in such a manner as to encircle the spindle 15 and
one bearing 22, while being displaced axially of the spindle 15
from the location of the rotor portion 16. By such an encircling
yet spaced relation, the electromagnetic coil 29 is arranged with
the housing 25 and cavity 26 in a particularly compact
relationship, yet directs magnetic flux to pass through the housing
25 and the cavity 26.
Disposed within the cavity 26 is a body of magnetic particle
material 30, preferably a mixture of fine particles of iron with
fine particles of a non-ferrous material such as aluminum. The
particular materials chosen, the particle sizes and distribution,
and proportions of the materials are not to be considered as
subject matter of this invention, which is particularly directed to
the structural arrangement of the parts described herein. The body
of magnetic particle material 30 is inserted into the cavity 26
through a filler opening in the housing 25, subsequently closed by
a threaded plug 31. In accordance with this invention, the cavity
26 is configured to provide a reservoir aligned axially with the
spindle 15, which facilitates more uniform distribution of the body
of material 30 and makes the desired operation of the tension
control independent of attitude or orientation. When the tension
control apparatus in this invention is in use, the magnetic
particle material 30 is distributed between the surfaces of the
housing means 25 which define the cavity 26 and the rotor portion
16. Such distribution is aided by the openings 19 through the rotor
disk 18. Entry of material 30 into the bearings is blocked by a
seal 43.
In accordance with this invention, the electromagnetic coil 29 may
be energized through means of appropriate electrical conductors 34,
35 (FIGS. 1 and 2) so as to generate a controllable magnetic flux
passing through the cavity 26. The effect of such flux on the body
of magnetic particle material 30 is to coalesce such material to a
controllable extent and thereby to impose between the rotor portion
16 in the housing means 25 forces which resist rotation of the
spindle means 15 and of the package 10 mounted thereon. Preferably,
the coil 29 is protected by a fuse 36 mounted within the housing
25. Additionally, the housing 25 may have a potentiometer 38
mounted therein for aiding in performing control functions as
described hereinafter.
In assuring that the degree of coalescence of the body of material
30 is such as to assure a desired predetermined tension level in
the strand material 11 being withdrawn from the package 10 mounted
on the corresponding spindle means 15, this invention contemplates
the use of control means to govern the electrical energization or
excitation of the coil 29. Such control means is illustrated
schematically in FIG. 1 as including a control circuit 39 which
receives an appropriate line voltage through conductors 40, 41 and
determines the level of energization applied to the coil 29 in
response to a tension sensor 42 or in view of the setting of the
potentiometer 38. The desired one of these alternative controls may
be selected by a positioning switch 43. In circumstances where a
tension sensor 42 is employed, the tension of the corresponding
strand 11 is directly sensed and causes a change in the control
circuit 39 as is well known in the art, so that forces resisting
rotation of the corresponding package 10 may be increased or
decreased as required to restore the desired tension level. In the
instance where the potentiometer 38 is employed, it is anticipated
that a substantially constant resistance to the rotation of the
package 10 would be satisfactory. In most circumstances where
accurate tension control is necessary, a closed loop system
employing a sensor 42 is to be preferred over an open loop system
employing only a set point potentiometer.
In the drawings and specification, there has been set forth a
preferred embodiment of the invention, and although specific terms
are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only
and not for purposes of limitation.
* * * * *