U.S. patent number 3,831,059 [Application Number 05/338,187] was granted by the patent office on 1974-08-20 for time interval lighting system.
Invention is credited to Antonio Lo Nigro.
United States Patent |
3,831,059 |
Lo Nigro |
August 20, 1974 |
TIME INTERVAL LIGHTING SYSTEM
Abstract
A lighting system for homes and the like comprising a voltage
source, a plurality of lamps at various locations, a time interval
relay for connecting the lamps to the voltage source for a
predetermined time interval, and control switch means connected to
the voltage source for selective energization of the time interval
relay from an entranceway to light the corridors and other areas in
the home to allow an individual sufficient time to walk through
such areas before the lights turn off.
Inventors: |
Lo Nigro; Antonio (Revere,
MA) |
Family
ID: |
23323770 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/338,187 |
Filed: |
March 5, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
315/320; 315/360;
307/157; 361/202; 968/813 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05B
39/06 (20130101); G04F 3/027 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H05B
39/06 (20060101); H05B 39/00 (20060101); G04F
3/02 (20060101); G04F 3/00 (20060101); H05b
037/02 (); H05b 039/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;315/313-315,360,320,323
;307/141R,141.4,141.8,157 ;317/141R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Brody; Alfred L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: O'Brien; Clarence A. Jacobson;
Harvey B.
Claims
What is claimed as new is as follows:
1. An interior lighting system for buildings, said system
comprising a voltage source, a time interval relay including a
solenoid and a set of main normally opened contacts operatively
connected to said solenoid for closure upon energization of the
solenoid, at least one momentary control switch located in said
building, and a plurality of parallel connected lamps each
connected in parallel with said voltage source when said main
contacts are closed, said control switch including a set of control
contacts serially connected to said solenoid, whereby momentary
closure of said control contacts effects actuation of said
solenoid.
2. The system set forth in claim 1 including a plurality of said
control switches at different locations in said building for
convenient energization of said solenoid by manual operation of any
one of said control switches at any one of the locations.
3. The system set forth in claim 2 wherein said control switches
are located adjacent entranceways to the building for convenient
energization of said lamps upon entry into the building.
4. The system set forth in claim 2 wherein said time interval relay
includes means for maintaining said main contacts closed for a
predetermined time interval subsequent to actuation of said
solenoid.
5. The system set forth in claim 4 wherein said time interval relay
includes a set of normally closed contacts operatively coupled to
said solenoid for operation thereby and serially connected to a
coil associated with said solenoid.
6. The system set forth in claim 5 including a plurality of by-pass
switches at various locations in the building, each of said by-pass
switches including a set of normally opened auxiliary contacts in
parallel with said normally opened main contacts associated with
said relay.
7. A system for time interval lighting in a building, said system
comprising a voltage source, a time interval relay connectible to
said voltage source for energization thereby, said time interval
relay including a set of normally opened main contacts serially
connected to one side of said voltage source and a set of normally
closed auxiliary contacts serially connected to one side of said
voltage source, a plurality of lamps each connected in parallel to
said voltage source by way of said set of normally opened main
contacts when closed, and at least one control switch including a
set of normally opened control contacts serially connected to one
side of said voltage source and to said set of normally closed
auxiliary contacts, said relay including a solenoid with a coil
connected in parallel with said voltage source through said
auxiliary and control contacts when closed, said main and auxiliary
contacts being operatively coupled to said solenoid for operation
thereby when said coil is energized.
8. The system set forth in claim 7 wherein said time interval relay
includes means for maintaining said main contacts closed and said
auxiliary contacts open for a predetermined time interval
subsequent to de-energization of said coil.
9. The system set forth in claim 8 wherein said control contacts
are normally opened, momentary contacts.
10. The system set forth in claim 9 including a plurality of said
control switches connected in parallel with each other.
11. The system set forth in claim 10 including a plurality of
manual by-pass switches each connected in parallel with said set of
main contacts for selective energization of said lamps without
energization of said relay coil.
12. In combination with a timer mechanism, a switch device
including a normally closed contact and a normally open contact, a
source of voltage, switch actuating means connected to the switch
device for simultaneously opening the closed contact and closing
the open contact when energized, momentary switch means connecting
the source to the switch actuating means for momentary energization
of the switch actuating means, switch holding means operatively
connecting the switch actuating means to the timer mechanism for
holding the normally open contact closed in response to said
momentary energization of the switch actuating means, and a
utilization circuit connected to the source by the normally open
contact when closed by the switch actuating means during a time
interval determined by the timer mechanism.
13. The combination of claim 12 wherein said switch holding means
includes ratchet means driven by the timer mechanism for
incrementally advancing the switch actuating means from an actuated
position to an inactive position, latch means engageable with the
switch device for holding the normally open contact closed and
latch control means for releasing the latch means in response to
approach of the switch actuating means toward said inactive
position.
14. The combination of claim 13 including by-pass switch means
interconnected between the source and the utilization circuit in
by-pass relation to the normally open contact of the switch
device.
15. The combination of claim 12 including by-pass switch means
interconnected between the source and the utilization circuit in
by-pass relation to the normally open contact of the switch
device.
16. The combination of claim 12 wherein said utilization circuit
includes a plurality of parallel connected lamps.
Description
The present invention is generally related to lighting systems,
and, more particularly, to a versatile time interval lighting
system for use in the homes and other buildings.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel
lighting system which makes it possible for an individual, such as
an elderly person, to turn on a group of lights in a home or the
like from an entranceway, whereby the lights remain on for a
sufficient time period to allow the person to walk through the
lighted areas to his destination.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a time
interval lighting system including a plurality of lamps at various
locations in the home, such as corridors and the like, which are
automatically energized from a single control switch and which
remain on for a predetermined time interval.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
versatile time interval lighting system including at least one
control switch with normally opened momentary contacts which, when
closed, effects energization of a solenoid which initiates a
predetermined time interval during which the lights remain on.
These together with other objects and advantages which will become
subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and
operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part
hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a typical floor plan
utilizing the lighting system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuitry associated with the
lighting system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the time interval relay associated
with the present invention prior to energization.
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the time interval relay subsequent
to energization.
Referring now, more particularly, to FIG. 1 of the drawings, the
floor plan of a typical home is generally indicated by the numeral
10 and includes front and rear entranceways 12 and 14 which lead to
various corridors, such as that indicated at 16. Light fixtures 18
are mounted at various locations along the corridors to provide
lighting for an individual at night after he enters the home. Of
course, FIG. 1 merely illustrates an example of a typical
installation utilizing the lighting system of the present invention
and lighting fixtures may be provided at any location depending
upon the particular floor plan and the particular application.
It will be appreciated that the lights are controlled by way of
control switches 20 and 21 located adjacent to entranceways 12 and
14 and which are effective to energize all of the lights by way of
an interval timer 22. The interval timer includes a relay which is
appropriately wired to the control switches for energization
thereby, as hereinafter explained. Since the timer is remotely
operated by electrical means, it is not necessary that it be
mounted at a readily accessible location and, if desired, it may be
installed in the basement, closet, or other out-of-the-way area.
The control switch and timer arrangement provides automatic control
of all of the lights from a single switch, such that a person may
enter his apartment or home and travel safely through its well lit
corridors and stairways to a bedroom or other destination while the
lights remain lit for a sufficient period of time. This eliminates
the often encountered situation of individuals walking through a
dark house or having to fumble in the darkness to locate light
switches in corridors and the like as they head toward their
bedroom or other location in the house. Since a considerable area
within the house is lit at one time, the lighting system is also
beneficial in scaring off would be intruders, or the like.
In addition to providing automatic lighting controlled by way of
the timer, the system of the present invention is also provided
with a plurality of by-pass switches 24 at various locations to
permit normal uninterrupted energization of the lights if desired.
Preferably, a by-pass switch is provided adjacent each entranceway
and in each bedroom. This permits normal energization of all the
lights upon entrance into the home or from bedside in the event of
an emergency or other reason to light the corridor areas.
Referring now, more particularly, to FIG. 2 of the drawings the
schematic diagram of the circuitry associated with the present
invention will be observed to include a plurality of lamps 30
forming a utilization circuit, which may be greater or lesser in
number than illustrated, connected in parallel to each other and
connectible to a voltage source 32 by way of a set of normally open
main contacts 34 associated with the time interval relay 22. Upon
closure of main contacts 34, the lamps are connected in parallel to
the voltage source to provide the desired illumination. The time
interval relay includes a solenoid which is operatively connected
to main contacts 34 to effect their closure when the associated
coil 36 is energized. Coil 36 is connected to one side of the
voltage source by way of line 38 and to line 40 on the opposite
side of the voltage source by way of one of the control switches
generally indicated by the numeral 20. As mentioned above, the
control switches are connected in parallel to each other.
Preferably, each control switch is provided with a set of normally
opened, momentary contacts 42, such as commonly used with push
button type switch structures.
Time interval relay 22 is provided with a switch device including a
set of normally closed auxiliary contacts 44 which are serially
connected to coil 36 and which must be closed to permit
energization of the coil when any one of the control switches 20 is
closed. The auxiliary contacts are operatively connected to the
relay solenoid and are opened thereby in response to energization
of coil 36, while at the same time main contacts 34 also forming
part of the switch device are closed. The by-pass switches
associated with the circuitry are generally indicated by the
numeral 24 and are connected in parallel with main contacts 34 and
in parallel with each other. This arrangement is such that closure
of any one of the by-pass switches completes a circuit with the
lamps to effect their energization, even though the main contacts
34 are opened. Preferably, each of the by-pass switches is of a
conventional single pole, single throw type such that the lights
remain energized until the switch is returned to the off
position.
It will be appreciated that when any one of the control switches 20
is closed, coil 36 is energized. This, in turn, causes movement of
the associated solenoid member which ultimately effects closure of
main contacts 34 and opens auxiliary contacts 44. Opening of the
auxiliary contacts effects de-energization of coil 36. Actuation of
the solenoid is effective to initiate a predetermined time interval
which maintains the main contacts 34 closed and auxiliary contacts
44 open until the time interval is completed, as hereinafter
explained.
Referring now, more particularly, to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings,
the time interval relay associated with the present invention is
generally indicated by the numeral 22 and is provided with a
terminal board 46 which allows convenient connection to the
external lighting circuits in accordance with the schematic diagram
of FIG. 2. A switch assembly generally indicated by the numeral 48
includes the above-mentioned set of normally opened main contacts
34 and normally closed auxiliary contacts 44 which are
appropriately connected to terminals 46. The main and auxiliary
contacts of the switch device are mounted to three leaf springs 50,
52, and 54. Leaf spring 52 is intermediate the other two leaf
springs and is provided with a finger extension or operator 56
which is adapted to operatively engage a latch member 58. Leaf
springs 50, 52, and 54 are insulated from each other and
appropriately fastened to a mounting base 60, which also supports
terminals 46. Latch member 58 is pivotally connected to mounting
base 60 at 62 and is provided with a biasing spring 64 which
influences the latch in a counterclockwise direction. The outer end
of latch 58 is normally engaged by a latch control arm 66
associated with a switch actuating winding lever 68, one end of
which is operatively connected to a plunger 70, associated with the
solenoid, and the opposite end of which is connected to a coil
tension spring 72.
The desired time interval is provided by way of a pendulum type
timer generally indicated by the numeral 74 and including a
pendulum 76 operatively connected to a conventional escape
mechanism. The escape mechanism is drivingly connected to a ratchet
wheel 78 which is engaged by a pawl 80 pivotally mounted to lever
68 at 82. The pawl is influenced into engagement with the teeth of
ratchet wheel 78 by way of a tension spring 84 extending between
the ends of lever 68 and pawl 80.
As mentioned above, the time interval relay is operated by the
energization of coil 36. Lever 68 and the related components are
normally in the inactive positions illustrated in FIG. 3. When coil
36 is energized, plunger 70 is pulled upwardly and lever 68 is
rotated clockwise to the actuated position illustrated in FIG. 4.
This causes latch control arm 66 to engage extension 56 of leaf
spring 52, whereby contacts 44 are opened and contacts 34 are
closed. It will also be noted that during this operation, coil
tension spring 72 is expanded and pawl 80 slips over the teeth of
ratchet wheel 78. When coil 36 is de-energized, lever 68 is biased
toward its initial position by spring 72, but is prevented from
returning by pawl 80 which is in retentive engagement with the
teeth of ratchet wheel 78. Lever 68 slowly rotates with ratchet
wheel 78 in a counterclockwise direction, such rotation being
retarded by the escapement mechanism. This provides the desired
time interval during which the lights remain energized.
As lever 68 returns toward its original position, extension 56 of
the intermediate leaf spring 52 retentively engages a latch surface
86 on latch member 58. This holds contacts 34 closed and contacts
44 open until the time interval is completed. As lever 68
approaches its original position, actuator arm 66 engages the upper
surfaces of latch member 58 to displace it in a clockwise
direction, whereby leaf spring 52 is released from latch surface
86. This opens contacts 34 and closes contacts 44, whereby the
lights are automatically turned off, as described above.
From the foregoing description, it will be appreciated that the
time interval lighting system of the present invention provides a
relatively simple, yet versatile means of automatically controlling
lights at various locations within a building, whereby an
individual is afforded sufficient time within which to walk through
areas of the building to a desired location prior to the lights
being automatically de-energized. The manner in which the control
switches are connected to the time interval relay permits operation
of the relay from any one of several locations, without the need
for resetting the particular switch. Of course, it is not intended
that the system of the present invention be limited to the floor
plan lighting arrangement illustrated in FIG. 1 or to the use of
the particular timer illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. Various lighting
plans may be provided dependent upon the particular needs of each
installation.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles
of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes
will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired
to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation
shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and
equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the
invention.
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