U.S. patent number 3,827,605 [Application Number 05/357,542] was granted by the patent office on 1974-08-06 for locking means for liquid dispensers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Diamond International Corporation. Invention is credited to Michael Gene Knickerbocker.
United States Patent |
3,827,605 |
Knickerbocker |
August 6, 1974 |
LOCKING MEANS FOR LIQUID DISPENSERS
Abstract
The dispenser such as a liquid dispensing pump has its pump
plunger guided for axial operative movement through a container
closure member and through a locking member mounted on the closure
member for rotary movement about a fixed axis coincident with the
axis of the plunger tube. A locking tongue affixed to the locking
member has a free end projecting transversely to and adjacent the
axis of movement of the plunger and radially deflectible with
respect to the axis for movement into and from locking position in
the path of operative movement of a stop shoulder carried by the
plunger so as selectively either to immobilize the plunger or to
permit unimpeded operation thereof, while cam means fixed to the
closure cap governs the radial position of the free end of the
locking tongue in accordance with the rotational position of the
locking member.
Inventors: |
Knickerbocker; Michael Gene
(Long Beach, CA) |
Assignee: |
Diamond International
Corporation (New York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
23406046 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/357,542 |
Filed: |
May 7, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/153.13;
222/384; 222/402.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B
11/3059 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B05B
11/00 (20060101); B67d 005/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/153,402.11,384,402
;251/100 ;206/1.5 ;215/9 ;92/23 ;137/384.2,384.8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Skaggs, Jr.; H. Grant
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Watson, Cole, Grindle &
Watson
Claims
Having thus described my invention I claim:
1. In combination: a container closure member; a locking member
mounted on said closure member for rotary movement about a fixed
axis; a flowable product dispenser having a plunger disposed for
axial operative movement through axial openings in said members;
said plunger having a stop shoulder thereon; a locking tongue
affixed to one of said members with a free end which is radially
deflectible with respect to said axis into and from the path of
movement of said stop shoulder; and cam means carried by the other
said member for radially deflecting said free end portion of the
locking tongue responsive to relative rotary movement of said
members.
2. The combination of claim 1, wherein said cam means is responsive
to rotary movement of said locking member in a first direction for
deflecting said free end of the locking tongue radially inwardly to
an operative locking position in the path of movement of said stop
shoulder.
3. The combination of claim 1, wherein said cam means includes
means operative responsive to rotary movement of said locking
member for retracting said free end of the locking tongue radially
from said path of movement of the stop shoulder.
4. The combination of claim 1, wherein said cam means cooperates
with the locking tongue in response to rotary movement of said
locking member in a first direction for deflecting said free end
radially inwardly, and includes means responsive to rotary movement
of said locking member in an opposite direction for retracting said
free end of the locking tongue radially outwardly from said path to
a released position.
5. The combination of claim 4, including stop means carried by said
closure member for cooperation with said locking member to limit
the rotary movement of the locking member.
6. The combination of claim 2, in which said locking tongue is
affixed to and constitutes a unitary part of said locking member
for rotary movement therewith and said cam means is affixed to and
constitutes a unitary part of the said closure member.
7. The combination of claim 6, including a plurality of locking
tongues affixed to and constituting unitary parts of said locking
member and a corresponding plurality of cam means affixed to and
constituting unitary portions of said closure member.
8. The combination of claim 1 wherein said plunger constitutes one
of the operative components of a dispensing pump for a flowable
product, including a hollow plunger tube movable vertically through
said aligned axial openings in said members, and a discharge head
carried at the upper end of said tube and communicating with the
tube.
9. The combination of claim 8 wherein said discharge head includes
a sleeve received over and encircling the upper end of said tube,
the lower end of said sleeve being disposed in a radial plane of
said tube and defining said stop shoulder.
10. The combination of claim 8, wherein said discharge head and
said locking member respectively include oppositely axially
directed skirts in telescoping relation, said locking tongue and
said cam means being enclosed within said telescoping skirts.
11. The combination of claim 8, wherein said stop shoulder is
concentric to said axis.
12. The combination of claim 11, wherein one of said members is
provided with a radially projecting snap ring received in an
annular groove in the other said member and interconnecting said
members whereby to mount said locking member on said closure member
for rotary movement about a fixed axis.
13. The combination of claim 12, wherein said locking member
includes an annular upwardly projecting skirt above said closure
member and freely accessible to facilitate manual rotation of the
locking member.
Description
This invention relates to improvements in molded plastic liquid
dispensers such as are commonly used for dispensing various
flowable products and has as its primary object, the provision of
an improved and simplified locking means for selectively
immobilizing the movable plunger or actuator of the dispenser to
prevent inadvertent discharge or leakage of the product during
shipment or periods of nonuse.
Although particularly applicable to pump type dispensers, the
invention is also applicable to the movable actuators or valve
plungers of conventional reciprocable dispensing valves such as are
commonly used on pressurized containers.
In accordance with the invention, the locking member is mounted on
the container closure member for rotary movement about a fixed
axis, while the flowable product dispenser has its actuator or
plunger disposed for axial operative movement through openings in
the respective members. The plunger has a stop shoulder or abutment
thereon, while a locking tongue affixed to one of the members has a
free end projecting transversely to the plunger movement, the
tongue being rigid in an axial direction, while its free end
portion is radially deflectible with respect to the axis, so that
it may be moved into and from the path of movement of the stop
shoulder. Cam means carried by the other said member determine the
radial position of the free end portion of the locking tongue in
accordance with the relative rotary positions of the respective
members.
It is an important feature of the invention that the locking tongue
and shoulder above referred to are formed integrally with the
respective members to thus simplify the production and assembly of
the component parts with resultant economy of fabrication and
assembly of the completed dispensers.
Further in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking
member encircles and protects the locking elements or components
while also affording a convenient externally presented surface by
which it may be manually grasped and rotated from one operative
position to another. Furthermore in the preferred embodiment, the
aforesaid portion of the locking ring is in the form of an upwardly
presented annular skirt which is in telescoping relation to a
downwardly directed skirt carried by the discharge head of the
plunger to jointly define a housing which at all times protects and
conceals the locking components.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the accompanying drawing:
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view in an axial section, illustrating the
manner in which the preferred embodiment of the invention is
applied to a generally conventional dispensing pump and the
container closure which supports the same, the locking means here
being shown in its operative locking position to secure the pump
plunger in its fully raised position.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but with the locking means
released and the pump plunger shown in its fully depressed position
at the end of the discharge stroke.
FIG. 3 is a section on the line 3--3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a similar section on the line 4--4 of FIG. 2.
FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively are diagrammatic plan views of the
invention, with the plunger eliminated for simplification, and
respectively showing the locking means in operative position, as in
FIGS. 1 and 3, and inoperative position, as in FIGS. 2 and 4.
Referring now in detail to the accompanying drawing, the dispensing
means to which the invention is applied in the present instance,
comprises a dispensing pump which is carried by the removable
closure of a container, the liquid contents or product of which is
to be selectively dispensed by reciprocation of the dispensing pump
plunger.
The closure member 10 herein shown by way of exemplification
constitutes a container cap having an internally threaded skirt 12
adapted to be threaded on to the externally threaded neck of the
container so that the top wall 14 of the closure will cover the
discharge opening defined by the neck of the container and will
seat against the upper end of the container neck.
Formed through the top wall of the closure member 10 is a central
preferably circular opening 16 preferably surrounded by a depending
cylindrical guide sleeve 18, the axis of which is preferably
concentric with the threaded closure skirt 12. Projecting upwardly
from the top wall of the closure concentrically to the axis of the
opening therein is an annular bearing wall or skirt 20 having a
radially, inwardly projecting snap rib 22 spaced from its lower
end.
One or more locking cams 24 are affixed to and project upwardly
from the top wall 14 of the closure generally concentrically to the
opening 16 but spaced somewhat therefrom.
The plunger, generally designated 26, of the dispensing pump is of
a generally conventional nature, comprising a hollow plunger tube
28 through which the product from the container is dispensed in
conventional manner on each downstroke of the plunger, together
with a conventional discharge head 30 carried at its upper exterior
end. In accordance with general practice, the discharge head 30 is
formed separately from the hollow tube 28 and provided with an
integral downwardly opening socket defined by the sleeve 32. The
discharge head is securely affixed to the upper exterior end of the
tube 28 and establishes communication between the tube and the
discharge orifice 34 of the discharge head.
It will be understood that the plunger 26 as here illustrated
exemplifies a portion of the generally conventional and well known
dispensing pump wherein the plunger normally is spring projected to
its fully raised position of FIG. 1 after the end of each discharge
stroke, whereby it may be operated by intermittent finger pressure
on its upper end to dispense the desired amount of product from the
container to which the closure 10 and its associated dispensing
pump are applied.
In order to provide for selectively locking the pump plunger 26 in
its fully raised inoperative position during shipment or storage,
so as to prevent inadvertent actuation and discharge of product,
the present invention makes provision for inclusion in such a pump
of a novel locking means of which one component comprises the
annular stop shoulder 36 defined by the downwardly facing lower end
of the sleeve 32 of the discharge head. This stop shoulder 36 as
will be noted, projects radially outwardly from the plunger tube 28
which it encircles, and thus is adaped for axial locking abutment
with a component of the additional locking means hereinafter
described. Such additional locking means comprises an annular
locking member designated 40 in its entirety and which preferably
includes an upwardly directed generally cylindrical skirt 42 for
telescoping reception of the depending skirt 38 of the discharge
head 26 whereby the telescoping skirts 38 and 42 will function to
conceal and also to protect the locking mechanism enclosed therein.
The manual locking member 40 includes at least one and preferably a
pair of relatively symmetrically disposed bottom wall sectors 44
each having radial end edges or abutments 46 and 47 respectively
for operative engagement with stop pins 48--48 affixed to the top
wall 14 of the closure member, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 inclusive,
to confine the permissible rotary movement of the locking member to
the desired range between operative and inoperative positions.
Resiliently flexible locking tongues 50-50 affixed to the annular
locking member 40 via its bottom wall sectors 44 respectively are
each fixedly secured at one end to its respective sector 44, as
being formed integrally therewith or in other words, as unitary
parts thereof. Each such locking tongue extends generally
transversely to the axis of reciprocation of the pump plunger and
terminates in an operative free end portion 52 which, in its
normally released and unstressed condition, is spaced radially
outwardly from the plunger sufficiently to be out of the normal
path of axial reciprocation of the annular stop shoulder 36 of the
plunger. The locking cams 24 of the container closure are fixedly
spaced outwardly from the plunger at fixed locations to avoid at
all times any intereference with the movement of the plunger and
its annular stop shoulder 36.
However the material of the locking members is sufficiently
flexible, and the proportions of the tongues are such that the
circumferentially projecting free ends 52 of the locking members
are deflectible radially inwardly from their released positions of
FIGS. 2, 4 and 6 to the operative locking positions of FIGS. 1, 3
and 5 in which positions the free operative end 52 of each locking
member is directly beneath the stop shoulder 36 in the fully raised
position of the plunger for axial abutment with the shoulder to
prevent any downward movement of the plunger. To this end, the free
end portions of the tongues are so proportioned and arranged as to
be substantially rigid or inflexible in an axial or vertical
direction.
Each locking cam 24 has a radially inclined or generally spiral cam
surface 54 positioned and arranged for camming engagement with the
free end 52 of its associated locking tongue to cam the latter
inwardly into locking position beneath the stop shoulder 36 (FIGS.
1 and 3) incident to angular or rotary movement of the locking
member 40 in a clockwise direction. On the other hand, partial
rotation of the locking member 40 in the reverse or
counterclockwise direction will retract the cam members 24 away
from the free end portions of the respective locking tongues 50, so
that the latter may spring radially outwardly to inoperative
positions as in FIGS. 4 and 6, preferably by their own
resiliency.
However in order to insure movement and maintenance of these free
locking ends in their released position it is desirable that, as
shown in FIG. 4, when the locking member 40 is fully rotated to
released position, the outer surface of each cam 54 adjacent one
end thereof will press outwardly against the inner surface of the
relatively adjacent locking tongue 50 whereby to positively
maintain the free or movable end portion thereof sufficiently
outwardly displaced from the path of movement of the locking
shoulder 36 to prevent locking engagement therewith.
In the use of the invention, which is believed to be readily
apparent from the foregoing description, with the container closure
applied to a filled container (not shown), the dispensing pump
plunger will normally be locked in its fully raised position as
shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to prevent inadvertent depression or
actuation with consequent leakage or spillage of the container
contents through the pump. Where the pump is of the well known type
in which a shipping seal is established in the fully raised
position of the plunger, such a shipping seal will be maintained to
prevent loss or leakage of the product from the container in the
event the latter is wholly or partially inverted.
In order to release the locking means to permit actuation of the
dispensing pump, it is necessary merely to grasp the preferably
roughened exterior of the skirt 42 of annular locking member 40
which, when locked, will be positioned as shown in FIGS. 1 and 13,
and to partially rotate the same in a clockwise direction from the
position of FIG. 3 to the position of FIG. 4, which positions will
be accurately located by means of the stop pins 48 of the closure
cap. Note that in the locked position of FIG. 3, the end edges 46
of the locking member bottom wall sectors 44 abut against the
respective stop pins 48, whereas in the released position of FIG.
4, the stop edges 47 respectively abut against the pins 48. The
stop ends 46 in particular serve the useful function of preventing
damage to the locking tongues from excessive counterclockwise
rotation of locking member 40. It is obvious that such damage might
readily occur were counterclockwise rotation of the locking member
40 continued with appreciable force after the locking tongues had
once been deflected to their operative positions.
In their operative positions as in FIGS. 1 and 3, the locking
members have their free ends positioned beneath the annular locking
shoulder of the raised plunger 26 for positive axial abutment
therewith to prevent either accidental or intentional actuation of
the pump through depression of its plunger, and will be positively
held and secured in such operative position by the cooperating cams
24.
To reengage the locking means in the positions of FIGS. 1 and 3 it
is necessary only to rotate the locking member 40 through a portion
of a revolution in a counterclockwise direction from the position
of FIG. 4 to the position of FIG. 3 which position is determined by
engagement of the end edges 46 of the locking member bottom wall
sectors with the respective stop pins 48 of the closure cap.
During such rotary movement, the free end 52 of each locking tongue
will engage the radially inclined end face 54 of its associated cam
24 and will thereby be deflected radially inwardly between the cam
24 and the plunger tube 28 into the path of movement of the stop
shoulder 36. The locking tongue in this, its operative locking
position, will positively prevent inward or downward movement of
the plunger, so that the product can not be dispensed until the
locking tongue is retracted to the position of FIGS. 2 and 4.
Although in the preferred embodiment, the locking means includes a
pair of locking tongues and a pair of cams for cooperation
therewith, it will be readily apparent that but a single such
locking tongue and cam are required within the scope of the
invention.
Moreover although the invention has been specifically illustrated
and described in its application to a reciprocating type dispensing
pump, it is also applicable to the reciprocable actuator or plunger
of a conventional valve such as for many years has been employed to
dispense various products from pressurized containers, the valve in
such case being closed when in its fully projected raised position
and being opened by downward depression to dispense the product.
With this in mind, the elements 26 of the present drawing may
exemplify the reciprocable actuator or plunger or valve stem of a
conventional dispensing valve as employed on pressurized
containers.
While only a preferred embodiment of the invention has been herein
illustrated and described, it will be readily understood by those
skilled in the art that the invention is capable of other and
different embodiments and that its several details may be modified
in various ways, all without departing from the invention as
defined in the accompanying claims.
In particular it will be readily apparent that the locking devices
or components herein described may readily be formed as integral
portions of the otherwise conventional container closure and pump
plunger, the only additional component comprising the locking ring
or member 40. Further, the positioning of the locking means to
render it selectively operative or inoperative may be achieved
without the need for visual indicia, by virtue of the stop means
herein provided.
* * * * *