U.S. patent number 3,826,113 [Application Number 05/358,098] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-30 for additive control and injection system useful in laundry machine operations.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Economics Laboratory, Inc.. Invention is credited to Stan L. C. Boraas, Marcus I. Nystuen.
United States Patent |
3,826,113 |
Boraas , et al. |
July 30, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
ADDITIVE CONTROL AND INJECTION SYSTEM USEFUL IN LAUNDRY MACHINE
OPERATIONS
Abstract
A system for selectively adding a plurality of liquid chemicals
to a laundry machine in response to triggering signals from the
machine is disclosed. Pumps are provided for pumping chemicals from
their shipping drums through conduit means to the washing machine.
Control means are associated with this system allowing the operator
to remotely vary the chemical mix pumped to the washer by making
control switch selections. The selections correspond to the soil
levels of the laundry load, the presence of greasy soils, the need
for bleach and the presence of permanent press fabrics. This
injection process is controlled by a plurality of sequentially
activated electrical timers that energize relays to in turn
energize the pumps in selected groups. Means are provided for
limited remote monitoring of the function of the system.
Inventors: |
Boraas; Stan L. C. (St. Paul,
MN), Nystuen; Marcus I. (St. Paul, MN) |
Assignee: |
Economics Laboratory, Inc. (St.
Paul, MN)
|
Family
ID: |
23408301 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/358,098 |
Filed: |
May 7, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
68/12.18; 68/207;
222/643; 68/17R; 222/135; 222/644; 137/565.33 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
39/022 (20130101); Y10T 137/86163 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
39/02 (20060101); D06f 033/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/70,135,144.5
;68/12R,17R,207 ;137/567 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Rolla; Joseph J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Merchant, Gould, Smith &
Edell
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An additive control and injection system for selectively
introducing liquid chemicals into a laundry machine, said system
comprising in combination:
a. a plurality of supply containers for liquid chemicals;
b. a plurality of conduit means for separately connecting said
containers to the laundry machine;
c. pump means in each of said conduit means for pumping the liquid
chemicals when energized;
d. switching means connected to said pump means for energizing said
pump means in pre-determined groups with at least one of said
groups including more than one pump means, said switching means
comprising a plurality of relays each having one or more switches,
with each relay controlling the operation of one of said
groups;
e. circuit means including said switches for connecting said pump
means to an electrical source and for connecting pre-selected ones
of said pump means into more than one of said groups;
f. signal generating means associated with the laundry machine for
generating a sequence of triggering signals at selected points in
the wash cycle;
g. a plurality of electrical timers energizable in sequence by said
sequential triggering signals to provide sequential output signals
of predetermined duration;
h. circuit means for connecting each of said relays to one of said
electrical timers to permit energization of said relays by said
output signals to control the duration of operation of said
switching means to thereby control the quantity of liquid chemicals
pumped by said pump means; and
i. means for adjusting the duration of said electrical timer output
signals to change the amount of liquid chemicals being pumped.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 including additional circuit means and
switching means for reversing the switch connections between two of
said relays and the two groups controlled thereby to reverse the
duration of operation of the pump means in said groups.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 including a manually operable, normally
closed switch in the circuit means connecting a selected relay to
its associated timer to break said circuit means when opened, and
means for automatically resetting said switch in response to a
subsequent triggering signal.
4. In an additive control and injection system of the type used for
selectively introducing liquid laundry products into a laundry
machine in response to a sequence of triggering signals generated
by the laundry machine at selected points in the wash cycle, the
improvement which comprises:
a. a plurality of supply containers for liquid laundry
products;
b. a plurality of conduit means for separately connecting said
containers to the laundry machine;
c. injection means in each of said conduit means for injecting the
laundry products into the laundry machine when energized;
d. switching means including a plurality of relays each having one
or more switches;
e. circuit means including said switches for connecting said
injection means in selected groups with each group being controlled
by a relay, and for connecting pre-selected ones of said injection
means into more than one of said groups;
f. a plurality of electrical timers energizable in sequence by the
sequential triggering signals to provide output signals of
predetermined duration; and
g. circuit means for connecting each of said relays to one of said
electrical timers to permit energization of said relays by said
output signals to control the duration of operation of said
switching means to thereby control the quantity of liquid chemicals
pumped by said pump means.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 including means for adjusting the
duration of said electrical timer output signals to change the
amount of liquid chemicals being pumped.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention pertains to a system for automatically
injecting products into a function zone with remote operator
controls available to vary the product mix injected.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It is frequently necessary to selectively dispense a plurality of
fluid products into a function zone. For example, a wide variety of
laundry products such as detergents, softeners, fabric conditioners
and bleach are often dispensed into a laundry machine. When
automatic dispensing of such products into a laundry machine is
desired, it is often preferable that the dispensing of such
products be done with a compact dispensing system which is separate
from the washing machine but which can be used in conjunction with
a washing machine. The injection is often done sequentially, and
the products are usually injected in measured amounts. To manually
dispense a plurality of laundry products into a washing machine in
sequence, and in measured amounts, is unreliable and uneconomical
in commercial laundry operations. As a result, numerous attempts
have been made to provide either semi-automatic or automatic
dispensing of the various laundry products into the laundry
machine.
There are presently available no completely automatic systems for
accurately and economically dispensing a measured amount of each of
a plurality of laundry products into a laundry machine, in an
economical package. The semi-automatic systems which are available
are limited in their economies and reliabilities in several
regards. Most systems rely on devices which utilize a premeasured
amount of laundry product. In such a system, meausred amounts of
detergent and bleach are placed into the dispensing system prior to
the washer operation. The dispensing system then dispenses each
premeasured quantity into the washing machine when a particular
triggering signal is sent to the dispensing system. While such a
system is to a degree automated, this type of apparatus is subject
to human error in the measuring of the amount of each product to be
added and may also prove hazardous where such products are caustic
or could be otherwise injurious to the person handling them. A
system requiring such premeasuring of the laundry products is also
uneconomical in the amount of human labor required for each
measuring operation.
Other available semi-automatic units utilize various cam
arrangements for controlling the injection of laundry products. In
such systems, a series of cams will open and close various switches
as the cams rotate. The opening and closing of the switches in turn
measure the duration of injection of various laundry products. This
controls the amount of laundry product injected. These systems are
subject to inaccuracies inherent in a cam-controlled operation.
These inaccuracies take the form of imperfections in the contour of
the cams, variations in the speeds of the motors which drive the
cams, and physical imperfections in the feeler switches which ride
along on the cams. Such imperfections in the systems may give rise
to significant inaccuracies in the amounts of laundry products
injected. Further, as the number of laundry products to be injected
increases, the cam wheel assembly controlling the injection
sequence becomes more complex and more difficult to design and
maintain. If a variation in the amount of a particular additive to
be injected is desired, the entire cam mechanism may have to be
replaced with a new design. Other modifications of such a system
would also prove difficult because of the unitary construction used
in present cam assembly designs.
Other variations of injection systems which rely on a formula wheel
for the measuring of the amount of a liquid to be injected utilize
a plurality of pressurized containers containing the liquid
products. Associated with these pressurized vessels is a plurality
of product valves. To accomplish the dispensing, holes are cut into
the formula chart at appropriate positions. As a hole passes over a
pressure-sensitive (vacuum) switch, a valve is activated to allow
dispensing of the liquid products. This system requires extreme
accuracy in the cutting of the openings in the formula chart. Also,
the drive mechanism which rotates the chart must be very accurate
in its rate of rotation. In addition to these possible sources of
inaccuracy in the amount of product injected, such a system is very
expensive in its construction and in its operation. Such systems
have found limited application in soft-drink vending machines.
It can be seen that the presently available systems for
sequentially injecting a plurality of laundry products into a
washing machine are not totally automatic and are not altogether
accurate. Further, such systems may prove exceedingly expensive and
may offer little flexibility in permitting variations to their
injection pattern.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an additive control and injection system
for automatically injecting a plurality of liquids into a function
zone. The invention finds particular usefulness in laundry machine
operations. The system has means for remotely controlling the mix
of chemicals to be injected into the function zone. Briefly
described, the control and injection system in its preferred
embodiment includes pumping means in combination with conduit means
for moving a plurality of liquids from their containers to the
function zone. The pumping means is controlled by selection and
timing means which allow selection of a particular mix of chemicals
to be injected and which measure the amount of each chemical to be
injected. The selection of chemical mix is accomplished by a
laundry operator using a remote control means. The entire system is
activated by a plurality of sequential triggering signals received
by the system from the function zone.
In a laundry machine operation, a plurality of sequential
triggering signals is sent out by the laundry machine to the
control system. These triggering signals serve to initiate the
operation of a plurality of timers. Through a plurality of relays,
the timers control the operation of a plurality of pumps. Thus the
function of the timers is to activate the pumps for a predetermined
time to control the amount of each chemical injected into the
laundry machine. The operation of the timers is controlled by a
series of control switches. These switches are located on a remote
operation console which allows a laundry operator to control the
mix of chemicals injected into the laundry machine. In the
preferred embodiment, four switch settings are utilized. These are
soil level, greasy soil presence, bleach requirement, and fabric
type. By making a proper selection of one of these switch settings,
the operator automatically varies the amount of each laundry
product injected into the laundry machine and thereby tailors the
mix to the type of laundry load being washed. This system is
economical to use, simple in its operation, totally automatic, and
accurate in its function.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagramatic view of the additive control and injection
system;
FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of the control system; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical timer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
1-3. Referring to FIG. 1, the laundry machine into which laundry
products are injected is generally referred to by the numeral 1.
The laundry machine 1 must have the capability of generating a
series of sequential triggering signals. These signals can be
thought of as corresponding to a series of injection commands. In
the configuration shown, there are four such signals emanating from
the laundry machine, which are carried to the control system by
circuit means 61-64. These triggering signals may be generated by a
motor-driven formula chart, wheel, or by other suitable
commercially available means. In the embodiment shown, a triggering
signal through circuit means 61 corresponds to a "break" injection
command. Triggering signals through circuit means 62, 63, and 64
correspond to injection commands for "detergent", "bleach", and
"sour/softener", respectively.
The liquid laundry products to be sequentially injected are
contained in the containers 11-18. It is preferable that these
containers be the containers in which the laundry products are
shipped. This eliminates the need to transfer the laundry products
from their shipping or storage containers to other containers. The
present invention does not require that the chemical products be
under pressure or be in sealed containers. In the preferred
embodiment shown in FIG. 1, supply containers 11 and 12 both
contain a "builder" chemical, and containers 13-18 contain
"conditioner", "detergent", "additive", "bleach", "sour", and
"softener", respectively.
Associated with the liquid chemical containers 11-18 is a plurality
of conduits 21-28 for connecting the individual containers to the
laundry machine. The conduits may be flexible hoses with an inside
diameter of 1/4 - 1/2 inch, or may be other suitable materials
adequately sized. A separate one of the conduits 21-28 is
operatively connected to each of the laundry product containers
11-18, as shown.
Associated with each of the conduits 21-28 is one of a plurality of
injection means, in this case pumps 31-38 respectively. Thus, pump
31 is located in conduit 21, pump 32 is in conduit 22, etc. When
energized, the pumps 31-38 pump the liquid laundry products from
their respective supply containers 11-18 to the laundry machine
through the conduits 21-28.
Gorman-Rupp oscillating bellows-type pumps (60 RPM and 90 RPM) are
particularly well suited to the present invention, but other
suitable types may also be used. In the preferred embodiment, the
pumps are constant speed pumps, pumping either 22 or 33 oz/min. The
amount of laundry product pumped by each is proportional to the
time the pump is running. In the preferred embodiment, the pumps
31-38 are normally off. When a particular pump is turned on for a
specific length of time, a known amount of laundry product is
pumped to the laundry machine. By controlling the time that each of
pumps 31-38 is turned on, the quantity of each of the laundry
products supplied to the laundry machine 1 can be controlled.
To energize the various pumps 31-38, either individually or in
combination, a plurality of 24-volt relays 51-58 is used. The
relays each comprise an electromagnet and one or more switches. The
opening and closing of these relay switches will control the supply
of 110-volt power to the various pumps 31-38.
The connections between the switches and pumps is disclosed in FIG.
1. 110 volts is supplied to line 41 through a power supply switch
41. When relay 51 is energized by means later to be described, and
assuming that power supply switch 41 is closed, the normally open
switch 51a is closed. The closing of switch 51a =l energizes pump
31, and also energizes pump 32 and 33 through switch 52a. Switch
52a is a single-pole double-throw switch shown in the de-energized
condition in FIG. 1. With relay 51 energized, pumps 31, 32, and 33
are activated to pump laundry products from containers 11, 12, and
13 to the laundry machine through conduits 21, 22, and 23. As will
later be described, relay 51 is energized for a predetermined
period of time in order to inject a known quantity of builder and
conditioner into the laundry machine. This is called the "break"
cycle.
At the end of the break cycle, relay 51 is de-energized. During the
next cycle, the detergent cycle, relays 52, 53, and 54 are
energized. When relay 52 is energized, switch 52a moves to the
position opposite from that shown to provide power to pumps 32 and
33. Builder and conditioner are thus injected into the laundry
machine. When relay 53 is energized, the normally open single-pole
single-throw switch 53a is closed to energize pump 34 through
switch 55a. Switch 55a/55b is a double-pole double-throw switch
controlled by the coil of relay 55. During the detergent cycle,
relay 55 is normally de-energized and switches 55a/55b are in the
position shown on the drawing. With pump 34 energized, detergent is
injected into the laundry machine through line 24 from container
14.
Relay 54 is also energized during the detergent cycle to close
normally open single-pole single-throw switch 54a. Power is
supplied to pump 35 through the closed switch 54a and switch 55b.
Pump 35 injects additive into the laundry machine from container
15. At the end of the detergent feed, relays 52, 53, and 54 are
de-energized to in turn de-energize pumps 32-35.
It should be noted that during the detergent cycle, relays 52 and
53 are controlled by timer 72, while relay 54 is separately
controlled by timer 73.
During the detergent cycle, relay 55 can be energized by the manual
closing of normally open time-delayed switch 83. When relay 55 is
energized, switches 55a/55b are moved to the position opposite from
that shown on the drawing. This reverses the connection of pumps 34
and 35 to relays 53 and 54, respectively. During the normal
detergent cycle, the duration of operation of pump 34 is controlled
by relay 53. If switch 83 is closed to energize relay 55, the
duration of operation of pump 34 is controlled by relay 54. In like
manner, the control of pump 35 switches from relay 54 to relay 53.
If timers 72 and 73 are set for different times, the energization
of relay 55 reverses the duration of operation of the pumps 34 and
35, respectively.
The third cycle is the bleach cycle, during which relay 56 is
energized by timer 74. When relay 56 is energized, normally open
switch 56a is closed to in turn energize pump 36. Pump 36, when
energized, injects bleach from container 16 into the laundry
machine.
The final cycle is the sour-softener cycle. During this cycle,
timers 75 and 76 are energized to in turn energize relays 57 and
58. The energization of relay 57 closes normally open single-pole
single-throw switch 57a to energize pump 37. Pump 37 injects "sour"
into the laundry machine from container 17. Relay 58, when
energized, closes normally open single-pole single-throw switch 58a
to in turn energize pump 38. Pump 38 injects softener from
container 18 into the laundry machine.
Since the individual pumps 31-38 run only as long as the relays
51-58 are activated, the control of the duration of activation of
the relays 51-58 controls the amount of each product pumped to the
laundry machine. The control of activation of the relays is
provided by a plurality of identical timers 71-76. The timers 71-76
can be thought of as presettable time delay switches controlling
the source of power (24 v.) to relays 51-58 and ultimately to pumps
31-38. Thus, timers 71-76 are the first step in the control of the
amount of each of the laundry products 11-18 injected into the
laundry machine 1.
The functioning of timers 71-76 is initiated by the receipt of the
triggering signals through lines 61-64 from a control unit (not
shown) within the laundry machine 1. Once activated, each timer
provides a signal of 24 volts to its associated relay or relays
until the timing mechanism within the timer shuts it off. The
triggering signals from the laundry machine serve both to initiate
the timing sequence and to provide a power source for the timers
and associated relays. Therefore, the duration of each of the
triggering signals must be at least as long as the duration of the
associated timer function.
FIG. 1 shows the general relationship between the triggering
signals, the timers 71-76, and the relays 51-58 which the timers
activate. Timer 71 is activated by receipt of the first triggering
signal from line 61 transmitted from the laundry machine. In the
preferred embodiment, the triggering signal on line 61 is a 24-volt
signal and is transmitted through the timer 71 to relay 51 for a
presettable predetermined time. This controls, through relay 51,
the duration of operation of pumps 31, 32, and 33, which in turn
controls the amounts of laundry products from containers 11-13
injected into the laundry machine.
During the detergent cycle, timers 72 and 73 are simultaneously
activated, in similar manner, by receipt of the second triggering
signal from line 62. Timer 72 controls the transmission of power to
simultaneously activate relays 52 and 53. Thus, timer 72 controls
the duration of running of pumps 32, 33 and 34. This in turn
controls the amount of builder, conditioner, and detergent injected
into the laundry machine 1. The output signal from timer 73
activates relay 54. This in turn controls the duration of running
of pump 35 which controls the amount of laundry product from
container 15 (additive) injected into the laundry machine.
Timer 74 is activated by the third triggering signal from line 63
for the bleach cycle. This activates relay 56 to control the power
to pump 36 and the amount of bleach pumped to the laundry machine
from laundry container 16.
Timers 75 and 76 are activated simultaneously by the fourth
triggering signal on line 64 for the sour-softener cycle. The
output signals from these timers in turn activate relays 57 and 58,
respectively. These relays control the duration of power supplied
to pumps 37 and 38 to inject sour and softener into the laundry
machine from laundry product containers 17 and 18,
respectively.
The timers 71-76 may consist of standard timing networks having
presettable timing inputs and operable to provide an output signal
suitable for energizing a relay and/or lamp for a timer period
corresponding to a preset condition of its inputs. A schematic
diagram of the timer circuit used in the preferred embodiment for
each of the timers 71 through 76 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
Referring to FIG. 3, there is generally shown a timer 100, having
first through fourth timing inputs 101a through 101d respectively.
The timer 100 further has a power input terminal 102.
The first timing input 101a is connected by means of a diode 105 to
an emitter (e) of a PNP transistor 115. Transistor 115 further has
a base (b) and a collector (c). The second through fourth timing
inputs 101b through 101d are respectively connected by means of
parallel circuits comprising a plurality of diodes 106 through 108
respectively connected in series with a plurality of potentiometers
109 through 111 respectively, all in series with a resistor 112 to
the emitter (e) of transistor 115.
The collector (c) of transistor 115 is directly connected to a base
(b) of an NPN transistor 117. Transistor 117 further has an emitter
(e) and a collector (c) which is directly connected to the base (b)
of transistor 115. The collector (c) of transistor 115 is further
connected by means of a timing capacitor 118 to a common bus
120.
The power input terminal 102 is directly connected by means of a
filter capacitor 121 to the negative bus 120 and is also connected
by means of a resistor 122 to the collector (c) of transistor
117.
The emitter (e) of transistor 117 is further directly connected by
means of a resistor 125 in series with a resistor 126 to the common
bus 120, and is connected by means of the resistor 125 to a gate
128 of a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) 130. The SCR 130
further has an anode 131 and a cathode 132 which is directly
connected to the common bus 120.
The collector (c) of transistor 117 is also directly connected by
means of a resistor 132 and a capacitor 134 to the anode 131 of the
SCR 130, and is also connected by means of the resistor 132 to the
common bus 120.
The power input terminal 102 is further directly connected by means
of a resistor 136 to the anode 131 of the SCR 130, and is connected
by means of the resistor 136 in series with a resistor 137 and a
diode 138 to a base (b) of an NPN transistor 140. The transistor
140 further has a collector (c) and an emitter (e) that is directly
connected to the common bus 120. The base (b) of transistor 140 is
further connected by means of the reverse biased diode 138 in
series with a resistor 142 to the common bus 120.
The collector (c) of transistor 140 is connected by means of a
resistor 144 to a base (b) of a thyristor 146. The thyristor 146
further has an emitter (e) directly connected to the power input
terminal 102 and a collector (c) directly connected to an output
drive terminal 150.
The common bus 120 is further connected by means of a diode 151 to
a common output terminal 152. The common output terminal 152 is
also directly connected by means of a lamp 153 to a second output
terminal 154. The second output terminal 154 is directly connected
by means of a resistor 155 in series with a diode 156 to the output
drive terminal 150.
The timing circuit 100 is generally operable in response to an
input signal (24 volts in the preferred embodiment) applied
simultaneously to its timing inputs 101 and its power input 102 to
provide at its output drive terminal 150 an output signal of
approximately 24 volts for a predetermined time duration. As
hereinafter described, an input signal is applied to only one of
the timing inputs 101a-101d at a time.
The basic operation of the timer 100 is as follows. Upon
application of a bias signal to the power input 102, a bias
potential sufficient to bias transistor 140 into conduction will be
provided by means of current flow through the resistors 136, 137,
and 142. When conducting, transistor 140 will provide a current
path for the base current of the thyristor 146, thus enabling
thyristor 146 to conduct and to provide an output signal at the
output terminal 150 having a voltage approximately equal to that
applied to the power input 102. Simultaneously, a charging voltage
will be applied to one of the timing inputs 101a through 101d.
The timer 100 basically employs an RC timing network consisting of
the timing capacitor 118 and the resistor 112 in series with that
potentiometer 109 through 111 whose respective input terminal has
been selected. Upon application of an input signal to one of the
timing inputs 101a-101d, the capacitor 118 will begin to charge.
When the charging potential on capacitor 118 attains that level
sufficient to bias transistor 117 into conduction, a gating signal
is applied from the emitter (e) of transistor 117 to the anode 128
of the SCR 130. When gated into conduction, the SCR 130 will
provide a virtual short from its anode 131 to cathode 132
terminals, effectively shunting away current flow to the bias
resistors 137 and 142 for transistor 140. Transistor 140 will be
biased into its cutoff region, thereby removing the base return
path for thyristor 146, causing thyristor 146 to operate in its
non-conducting mode.
The timing function of the timer 100 is, therefore, basically
accomplished by a selection of the desired timing input terminal
101, and by the resistive value set on potentiometers 109 thorugh
111. Each of these potentiometers is variable and can be set at a
desired value calibrated in conjunction with the timing capacitor
118, to correspond to a particular time duration. The
potentiometers are manually set for predetermined resistive values
when the system is set up. The potentiometer setting essentially
establishes a range of time durations (correlative to injection
amounts) which correspond to the capacity of the laundry machine 1
with which the control and injection system is used.
Referring to FIG. 3, it will be noted that the timing input 101a
does not contain an input potentiometer. When an input signal is
selectively applied to the timing input 101a the timer 100 operates
in a deactivated mode, and does not supply an output signal to its
output drive terminal 150. In such a mode, the large input voltage
applied to the timing input 101a drives transistor 115 into
saturation and rapidly charges the timing capacitor 118, and causes
SCR 130 to fire, as previously discussed, before thyristor 146 is
enabled to conduct.
However, when an input signal is selectively applied to one of the
timing inputs 101b through 101d, the voltage level applied to the
emitter (e) of transistor 115 is low enough to enable transistor
115 to be biased for operation in its active region. Thus, the
timing capacitor 118 is enabled to charge at a substantially slower
rate, and the thyristor 146 is enabled, delivering an output signal
to the output drive terminal 150 until the timing capacitor 118
attains its threshold charge potential.
Although a specific timing configuration has been illustrated, it
will be noted that other functionally equivalent configurations
could be employed equally well, within the spirit and intent of
this invention.
The relative functional connection of timers 71-76 in the overall
system is illustrated in FIG. 1. A more detailed schematic
representation of the timers 71-76 illustrating their respective
selective input connection arrangements is illustrated in FIG.
2.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, there are generally shown a first
control switch 81 and a second control switch 82. The first control
switch 81 is functionally connected for selection of the timing
inputs of each of the timers 71-76. In addition, the second control
switch 82 is functionally connected for selection of timing inputs
of the timers 75 and 76.
In the preferred embodiment, the control switch 81 comprises a
multi-layered wafer switch having four contact-bearing wafers 81-1
through 81-4, inclusive. Each wafer has a movable wiper 81w
associated therewith whose positioning is controlled by a single
control element generally designated by the control knob 81c in
FIG. 1. The "gauged" control is represented in FIG. 2 by the dashed
line interconnecting the movable wipers 81w of the four wafers.
The control switch 81 has four positional settings generally
labeled "OFF", "L", "M", and "H" (FIG. 1). Each of the four wafers
of the control switch 81 has four stationary contacts consecutively
labeled as "OFF", "L", "M", and "H" (FIG. 2) and positionally
functionally associated with those functional positions bearing
like designations in FIG. 1. The movable wipers 81w associated with
each wafer of the control switch 81 simultaneously respond to
movement of the control knob 81c between the four positional
settings, and move cooperatively therewith to contact their
respective stationary contacts on their individual wafers. For
example, when the control knob 81c is positioned at the "OFF"
position, each of the movable wipers on the four wafer layers will
also be positioned to respectively contact their "OFF"
contacts.
In the preferred embodiment, the positional settings of control
switch 81 correspond to "soil levels" for a laundry load. The OFF,
L, M, and H positions correspond respectively to "off , "light",
"medium", and "heavy" soil levels. The last three named settings
are functionally connected to represent increasing time durations,
thus allowing the most laundry product injection for the "heavy"
soil level setting.
The input and output terminals of the timers 71-76 in FIG. 2 have
been labeled to correspond to those numerical designations of the
functionally corresponding terminals described with respect to the
timer 100 (FIG. 3). It will be understood that each of the timers
71-76 is a schematic and functional equivalent to the timer 100
previously discussed.
Referring to FIG. 2, the stationary contacts OFF, L, M, and H of
the wafer element 81-1 of switch 81 are respectively directly
connected to a plurality of timing input terminals a through d of
the timer 71 (corresponding to timing input terminals 101a-101d of
FIG. 3). The input line 61 from the laundry machine 1 is directly
connected to the movable wiper 81w of the first wafer element 81-1
and is further directly connected to a power input terminals 102'
of timer 71.
The stationary contacts labeled OFF, L, M and H of the wafer
element 81-1 of switch 81 are respectively directly connected to a
plurality of timing input terminals a-d (corresponding to the
timing input terminals 101a through 101d of FIG. 3) to each of the
second timer 72 and of the third timer 73. The input line 62 from
the laundry machine 1 is directly connected to the movable wiper
81w of the second wafer element 81-2 and is further directly
connected to a power input terminal 102' to the second timer 72 and
to a power input terminal 102' to the third timer 73.
The stationary contacts labeled OFF, L, M and H of the wafer
element 81-3 of switch 81 are respectively directly connected to a
plurality of timing input terminals a-d (corresponding to the
timing input terminals 101a through 101d of FIG. 3) to the fourth
timer 74. The input line 63 from the laundry machine 1 is directly
connected to the movable wiper 81w of the third wafer element 81-3
and is further directly connected to a power input terminal 102' to
the fourth timer 74.
The stationary contact labeled OFF of the wafer element 81-4 of
switch 81 is directly connected to an input terminal a
(corresponding to the timing input terminal 101a of FIG. 3) to the
fifth timer 75 and is also directly connected to a timing input
terminal a of like function to the sixth timer 76. It will be noted
that the stationary contacts L, M and H of the wafer element 81-4
are not connected to any of the timers. The input line 64 from the
laundry machine 1 is directly connected to the movable wiper 81w of
the fourth wafer element 81-4 and is further directly connected to
a power input terminal 102' to the fifth timer 75.
The second control switch 82 (FIG. 2) is a single-pole double-throw
switch having a movable wiper 82w movable between a first
stationary contact 82a and a second stationary contact 82b. The
input line 64 from the laundry machine 1 is directly connected to
the movable wiper 82w of switch 82 and is further directly
connected to a power input terminal 102' to the sixth timer 76.
The first stationary contact 82a of the switch 82 is directly
connected to a timing input terminal b (corresponding to timing
input terminal 101b of FIG. 3) to the fifth timer 75 and it is also
directly connected to a timing input terminal b of like function to
the sixth timer 76. The second stationary contact 82b of the switch
82 is directly connected to a timing input terminal c
(corresponding to timing input terminal 101c of FIG. 3) to the
fifth timer 75 and it is also directly connected to a timing input
terminal c of like function to the sixth timer 76.
It will be noted that the timing input terminals d to the fifth and
sixth timers 75 and 76, respectively, are unused.
The switch 82 provides the timing input selection for the fifth and
sixth timers 75 and 76, respectively, and functionally represents
the selection of a "fabric-type" in the operation of the system.
When the movable wiper 82w of switch 82 is positioned to contact
the stationary contact 82a, the fabric-type selection corresponding
to "no iron" is effected. When the movable wiper 82w of switch 82
is positioned to contact the stationary contact 82b, a fabric-type
selection corresponding to "cotton" is effected. It will be noted
that these settings correspond to the selection of short and long
time-out periods respectively within the timers. Thus, when a
selection is made that indicates the laundry load contains
primarily synthetic or resin treated fabrics, smaller amounts of
-sour" and "softener" laundry products can be injected into the
laundry machine 1.
Since the potentiometers connected to the timing inputs within each
timer are wired in parallel, as previously described, an operator
by making a selection by means of the control switches 81 and 82
determines the charging time constant of the timers 71 through 76
as preset into those selected potentiometers within the timers.
Therefore, while the individual potentiometer settings within the
timers 71-76 provide a first means for determining the time
duration of an output signal from the timers, the control switches
81 and 82 provide a second means for controlling the duration of
output signals from the timers. As illustrated, the control
switches 81 and 82 are manually operable and provide an "on-line"
control over the timers.
It will be noted that the OFF POSITION of control switch 81
controls all of the timers 71 through 76. When the control switch
81 is positioned in its ooff position, the outputs of the timers
are de-energized (as previously discussed), therefore, in effect
by-passing the injection system as the laundry machine 1 operates.
Further, it will be noted that in the preferred embodiment, the
control switch 81 is connected to control the timing inputs other
than the OFF position, only in timers 71 through 74. This condition
is dictated by the preferred embodiment since only timers 71
through 74 control laundry products whose injection rate is to vary
with the soil level of the laundry; i.e., the builder 11 and 12,
the conditioner 13, the detergent 14, the additive 15, and the
bleach 16.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be noted that each of the
timers 71 through 76 has a common output terminal 152'
(corresponding to the common output terminal 152 of FIG. 3) which
is indicated as being connected to a common ground 5 of the system.
It will be understood, that although not specifically represented
throughout the figures, the same common ground 5 is impliedly
connected to each of the electrical components where required.
Further, referring to FIG. 2, each of the timers 71 through 76 has
an output drive terminal 150' and a second output terminal 154',
which correspond respectively to the output terminals 150 and 154
of FIG. 3.
Connections to the output terminals 150' and 154' of the first
timer 71 comprise a signal flow path 161 connected for energizing
the relay 51 and an indicator lamp 91.
Connections to the output terminals 150' and 154' of the second
timer 72 comprise a signal flow path 162 connected for energizing
the relays 52 and 53 and an indicator lamp 92.
A connection to the output terminal 150' of the third timer 73
comprises a signal flow path 163 connected for energizing the relay
54. It will be noted that the output terminal 154' of the third
timer 73 is unused in the preferred embodiment.
Connections to the output terminals 150' and 154' of the fourth
timer 74 comprise a signal flow path 164 connected to energize an
indicator lamp 93 and connected to a first stationary contact 84a
of a normally closed push button switch 84. The switch 84 further
has a movable contact 84c and a second stationary contact 84b. The
switch 84 further has a time-delay heating element 84d operatively
cooperative with the movable contact 84c for providing a time-delay
response reset response after manual activation as hereinafter
described. One terminal of time-delay element 84d of the switch 84
is connected to the signal line 64 from the laundry machine 1 for
energization therefrom; the other terminal of the time-delay
element 84d is connected to the common ground 5. The second
stationary contact 84b of the switch 84 is directly connected by
means of a signal flow path 164a for energizing the relay 56.
The third control switch 84 interrupts the flow of an energizing
output signal from the fourth timer 74 to the relay 56 when the
movable contact 84c of the switch is activated to an open position.
In the preferred embodiment, this switching action prevents the
operation of the bleach pump 36. Therefore, the control switch 84
is designated as a "bleach defeat" switch and prevents the addition
of bleach to the laundry machine 1 when depressed.
Connections to the output terminals 150' and 154' of the fifth
timer 75 comprise a signal flow path 165 connected for energizing
the relay 57 and an indicator lamp 94.
A connection to the output terminal 150' of the sixth timer 76
comprises a signal flow path 166 connected for energizing the relay
58. It will be noted that the output terminal 154' of the sixth
timer 76 is unused in the preferred embodiment.
The signal line 62 from the laundry machine 1 is further directly
connected to a first stationary contact 83a of a normally open
push-button switch 83. Switch 83 further has a second stationary
contact 83b, a movable contact 83c, and a time-delay heating
element 83=d functionally cooperative with the movable contact 83c.
One terminal of the time-delay heating element 83d is directly
connected to the signal line 64; the other terminal of the heating
element 83d is connected to the common ground 5. The second
stationary contact 83b of the switch 83 is directly connected by
means of a signal flow path 167 for energizing the relay 55.
When activated to an electrically closed position, the control
switch 83 enables relay 55 to be energized by a triggering signal
applied on line 62 for operatively interchanging the normal control
of pumps 34 and 35, exercised by relays 53 and 54 as previously
described. This, in effect, reverses the time duration for
injection of laundry products 14 (detergent) and 15 (additive) into
the laundry machine 1. In the preferred embodiment, switch 83 is
designated as a "greasy soil" switch. When closed, switch 83 is
operative to increase the amount of additive and to decrease the
amount of detergent added to the laundry load. This produces a
laundry product mix more adapted to the greasy soil condition of
the laundry load.
The third and fourth control switches 84 and 83 are automatically
reset after activation, by means of their time-delay elements 84d
and 83d, respectively. The time-delay elements 84d and 83d are
bimetallic neuter elements which are energized by a signal
appearing on the line 64 from the laundry machine 1. Upon
application of a signal to the heater elements, the elements begin
heating in response to the applied signal until a predetermined
reset temperature is attained. At that point, the bimetallic
operation of the heater elements 84d and 83d return their
associated movable contacts 84c and 83c respectively to their
normally biased positions, thus effecting a reset of the switches
84 and 83. In the preferred embodiment, a reset triggering signal
is applied on line 64 from the laundry machine 1 toward the
completion of the laundry cycle. The temperature characteristics of
the heater elements 84d and 83d must be selected so that their
time-delay reset action allows for completion of the operations
performed by the signals applied to line 62 and to the signal flow
path 164 from the timer 74, before a reset of the switches 83 and
84 is effected.
In the preferred embodiment, the four indicator lamps 91 through 94
(FIG. 1) are illuminated only when their respective energizing
timers are operatively producing an energizing signal at their
second outputs 154'. The lamps 91 through 94 serve to indicate to
the laundry machine operator which injection function is currently
being performed at any given time. However, they do not necessarily
indicate any given product feed time.
An electromechanical counter 99 is connected to monitor the trigger
signal provided by the laundry machine 1 on line 64, FIG. 1. Each
triggering signal received by the counter, advances the counter one
position. Therefore, each time the last triggering signal of a
cycle is received from the laundry machine 1, the counter advances
one digit, indicating that another laundry cycle has been
completed.
OPERATION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In its preferred embodiment, the present control and injection
system is attached to a laundry machine 1 which sequentially
generates four triggering signals. The sequence of these signals
corresponds to predetermined times in the laundry cycle at which it
is desired that various laundry products or combination of
prouducts be injected. The triggering signals are 24-volt
signals.
When the system is first set up, the three potentiometers in each
of the six timers 71-76 are pre-set. This presetting sets the range
of time durations available in the timers 71-76 to correspond to
the capacity of the laundry machine 1 utilized. Thus, where the
laundry machine 1 has a very large capacity, a proportionately
larger volume of the various laundry products will have to be
added, and, consequently, the time durations controlling the
pumping of these products will generally be longer.
Eight shipping containers 11-18 (or seven if builder is drawn from
one container) containing various laundry products are functionally
placed in communication with the system by inserting one end of the
conduit hoses 21-28 into the containers 11-18, respectively.
Containers 11-18 contain the following respective laundry products:
builder, builder, conditioner, detergent, additive, bleach, sour
and softener. The output terminals of conduit hoses 21-28 are
inserted into the laundry machine 1 for injecting the laundry
products into the laundry machine.
Prior to initiating a laundry cycle, a laundry operator makes four
switch selections on a console (not shown) associated with the
system. A first selection is made by means of the "soil level"
control switch 81. When positioned in its OFF position, control
switch 81 de-energizes the outputs of all timers 71-76, as
previously discussed. In this condition, the timers can not
energize the pumps 31-38, and no laundry products will be injected
into the laundry machine 1.
If selection of either the "light", "medium", or "heavy" position
is made, switch 81 will effect an electrical selection of a
particular timing input of each timer. Thus, a "light" position
selection on switch 81 enables the timers 71-74 to initiate
time-out cycles of relatively shorter duration. Similarly, the
"medium" and "heavy" positions correspond to time-outs of medium
and long time durations. Thus, triggering signals applied to lines
61-63 by the laundry machine 1 will activate timers 71-74 in
various combinations for the relative time duration selected, by
means of control switch 81.
The output signals from timers 71-74 activate relays 51-54 and 56
in various combinations which in turn energize pumps 31-36 for a
time period measured by the time-out functions of their respective
energizing timers. The pumps 31-36 pump the various laundry
products from their containers 11-16 to the laundry machine 1. In
this way, by making a selection on control switch 81, the laundry
operator tailors the amount of builder, conditioner, detergent,
additive and bleach injected into the laundry machine 1 for
matching the level of soil in the laundry load.
The laundry operator also selects either the "no-iron" or "cotton"
position for control switch 82. This is the "fabric selection"
switch. Depending upon the selection made, either the b or c timing
input terminals (FIG. 3) are electrically selected within each of
timers 75 and 76. As previously discussed, the timing input
selected determines the time-out period for these timers. This
difference in timing directly varies the energization time of
relays 57 and 58. This in turn controls the time during which power
is supplied to pumps 37 and 38. Since pumps 37 and 38 pump "sour"
and "softener" laundry products, the selection on control switch 82
allows the laundry operator to tailor the amount of sour and
softener injected into the laundry machine 1 to suit the type of
fabric present in the laundry load.
The laundry operator may also activate control switches 83 and 84.
The "greasy soil" control switch 83, when closed, energizes relay
55 which interchanges the control exercised by timers 72 and 73
(and thus relays 53 and 54 respectively) over pumps 34 and 35
respectively. This reverses the ratio of the amount of detergent to
additive injected into the laundry machine. This change of mix
ratio is desired when a large amount of grease is present in the
laundry load.
When depressed, control switch 84, designated "bleach defeat",
interrupts the output drive signal from timer 74 to the bleach pump
36. This prevents bleach from being injected into the laundry
machine 1.
After these switch selections have been made, the laundry operator
initiates the injection process by starting the laundry machine 1.
As the laundry machine progresses through its wash cycle, it
generates the triggering signals on lines 61-64 at various
intervals. The injection system responds to these triggering
signals in the manner described earlier, to automatically inject
various combinations of laundry products into the laundry machine.
The exact mix of the products injected has been controlled by the
control switch selections referred to above.
The remaining operations of the control and injection system are
automatic. When the last triggering signal 64 is received by the
control system, the heating elements 84d and 83d of switches 84 and
83 respectively begin their delayed time functions for resetting
control switches 83 and 84 to their biased positions. This prepares
the system for the next laundry machine cycle. At the same time,
the triggering signal on line 64 activates the electromechanical
counter 99. The counter advances to provide a count of the number
of times the system has been cycled.
During the laundry operations, the indicator lamps 91-94 on the
control console are illuminated in response to output signals from
the 154' outputs of the timers 71, 72, 74, and 75 respectively.
This provides the laundry operator with a rapid means for
determining the operative stage of the laundry machine.
While specific embodiment of the invention has been disclosed, it
is to be understood that this is for the purpose of illustration
only, and that my invention is to be limited solely by the scope of
the appended claims.
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