U.S. patent number 3,825,185 [Application Number 05/330,595] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-23 for painting of interrupted lines on road surfaces.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Unimasco, Inc.. Invention is credited to Robert G. Halliday, Francis A. Moon.
United States Patent |
3,825,185 |
Moon , et al. |
July 23, 1974 |
PAINTING OF INTERRUPTED LINES ON ROAD SURFACES
Abstract
Apparatus for painting an interrupted line on a road surface,
including a digitizer for producing a series of pulses in
accordance with movement of a motor vehicle along the road surface,
and control means operable by the digitizer to actuate a paint
spraying gun carried by the vehicle between spraying and
nonspraying conditions in accordance with the number of pulses
produced by the digitizer. Preferably, pulses can be added to or
subtracted from the pulses produced by the digitizer at will in a
manner advancing or retarding the time at which the paint sprayer
is actuated between its two conditions.
Inventors: |
Moon; Francis A. (Palos Verdes,
CA), Halliday; Robert G. (Malibu, CA) |
Assignee: |
Unimasco, Inc. (Gardena,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23290457 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/330,595 |
Filed: |
February 8, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/150; 118/669;
118/697 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G05D
7/0623 (20130101); B05B 9/06 (20130101); E01C
23/222 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E01C
23/22 (20060101); E01C 23/00 (20060101); B05B
9/04 (20060101); B05B 9/06 (20060101); G05D
7/06 (20060101); B05b 001/28 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/150,155,156,157 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Green; William P.
Claims
We claim:
1. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses; means for applying paint to a road as said
vehicle moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently
between painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line
on the road; and control means responsive to said pulses for
actuating said paint applying means from one of said conditions to
the other in accordance with the number of pulses produced by said
first mentioned means, said first mentioned means including light
source means, a rotary structure turning in response to movement of
said vehicle and having opaque and light passing portions which
alternately block and pass light from said source means upon
rotation of said structure, and light responsive means positioned
beyond said rotary structure and controlling the formation of said
series of pulses in accordance with the intermittent passage and
nonpassage of light by said rotary structure as it turns.
2. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses; means for applying paint to a road as said
vehicle moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently
between painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line
on the road; and control means responsive to said pulses for
actuating said paint applying means from one of said conditions to
the other in accordance with the number of pulses produced by said
first mentioned means, said first mentioned means including light
source means for emitting light along two different paths, rotary
means having opaque and light passing portions movable across said
paths as said rotary means turn, two light responsive units
positioned in said two paths respectively beyond said rotary means,
and circuitry controlled by said light responsive units for
producing said series of pulses and acting to commence a pulse
under the control of one of said light responsive units and to
terminate the pulse under the control of the other of said light
responsive units.
3. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses; means for applying paint to a road as said
vehicle moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently
between painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line
on the road; and control means responsive to said pulses for
actuating said paint applying means from one of said conditions to
the other in accordance with the number of pulses produced by said
first mentioned means, said first mentioned means including light
source means for emitting light along two different paths, rotary
means having opaque and light passing portions movable across said
paths as said rotary means turn, two light responsive units
positioned in said two paths respectively beyond said rotary means,
and circuitry including a bistable flip-flop actuable to a first
stable condition by one of said light responsive units and to a
second stable condition by the second light responsive unit and
acting in one of said conditions to commence one of said pulses and
in the second condition to terminate said pulse.
4. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses; means for applying paint to a road as said
vehicle moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently
between painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line
on the road; control means responsive to said pulses for actuating
said paint applying means from one of said conditions to the other
in accordance with the number of pulses produced by said first
mentioned means, first manually actuated switch means, circuitry
for adding extra pulses to said series of pulses from said first
mentioned means in response to actuation of said first switch
means, second switch means, and circuitry for subtracting pulses
from said series of pulses in response to actuation of said second
switch means, said control means including counter means for
counting the number of pulses in said series of pulses as altered
by actuation of said first and second switch means, fist manually
settable selector switch means determining the count on said
counter means at which said paint applying means are actuated to
one of said conditions thereof, and second manually settable
selector switch means controlling actuation of said paint applying
means to its other condition.
5. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 4, in which said
first selector switch means turn said paint applying means off upon
attainment of a predetermined count, and said second selector
switch means clear the count from said counter means upon
attainment of a second predetermined count, there being circuitry
for commencing the application of paint by said paint applying
means upon attainment of a predetermined low count on said counter
means greater than zero.
6. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 5, in which said
pulse adding means include a flip-flop actuable by said first
switch means to add a pulse to said series of pulses upon each
operation of the first switch means, said pulse subtracting means
including two additional counters, a comparator circuit responsive
to a difference in count in said two additional counters to divert
pulse produced by said first mentioned means from said counter
means to one of said additional counters until said additional
counters are in identical settings, and circuitry for adding a
count to the other of said additional counters upon actuation of
said second switch means.
7. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses proportional in number to the distance traveled by
the vehicle; means for applying paint to a road as said vehicle
moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently between
painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line on the
road; counter means for counting said series of pulses and actuable
sequentially by said pulses to a series of predetermined different
conditions representing different pulse counts; and circuitry for
actuating said paint applying means from one of said conditions to
the other in accordance with the attainment of a predetermined
count on said counter means.
8. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
first mentioned means include a rotary structure which is driven
rotatively in correspondence with movement of said vehicle, and
means responsive to said rotation of said structure to produce said
series of pulses.
9. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
counter means have a series of output lines energizable selectively
to represent the pulse count, said circuitry being responsive to a
particular pattern of energization of said output lines to actuate
said paint applying means from one of said conditions thereof to
the other.
10. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
counter means have a series of output lines energizable differently
to represent the count; said circuitry including selector switch
means actuable to different settings in which said selector switch
means are connected to said output lines in different patterns to
set the apparatus for response to the attainment of different
counts in said counter means, and means connected to said output
lines of the counter means through said selector switch means and
operable to actuate said paint applying means from one of said
conditions thereof to the other upon attainment of a predetermined
count represented by the setting of said selector switch means.
11. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
counter means have a series of output lines energizable differently
to represent the count; said circuitry including first selector
switch means actuable to different settings in which said selector
switch means are connected to said output lines in different
patterns to set the apparatus for response to the attainment of
different counts in said counter means, means connected to said
output lines of the counter means through said selector switch
means and operable to actuate said paint applying means from one of
said conditions thereof to the other upon attainment of a
predetermined count represented by the setting of said selector
switch means, second selector switch means actuable to different
settings in which said second selector switch means are connected
to said output lines from said counter means in different patterns,
and means connected to said output lines through said second
selector switch means and operable to control reverse actuation of
said paint applying means from said other condition back to said
one condition at a time dependent upon the setting of said second
selector switch means.
12. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
circuitry is operable to actuate said paint applying means to said
painting and nonpainting conditions alternately and in accordance
with the number of pulses produced by said first mentioned means to
form said broken line on the road.
13. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, in which said
counter means have a series of output lines energizable in
different patterns to represent a count, said circuitry including
means responsive to signals on said output lines to alternately
commence and halt operation of said paint applying means in
response to different numbers of said pulses respectively.
14. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including means
for injecting added pulses into said series of pulses beyond the
number produced by said first mentioned means as a result of
movement of the vehicle, to thereby advance the point at which said
paint applying means are actuated between said conditions
thereof.
15. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including means
for reducing the number of pulses in said series of pulses to a
number less than that normally produced by said first mentioned
means for a predetermined distance of travel of the vehicle, to
thereby delay the point at which said paint applying means are
actuated between said two conditions thereof.
16. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including
manually controlled means for producing additional pulses beyond
those produced by said first mentioned means, and circuitry for
adding said additional pulses to said series of pulses produced by
said first mentioned means in a relation advancing the point at
which said paint applying means are actuated between said two
conditions thereof.
17. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including a
manually actuated switch, circuitry for producing an extra pulse
upon each manual actuation of said switch, and circuitry for adding
said extra pulse into said series of pulses from said first
mentioned means in a relation shifting the point at which said
paint applying means are actuated between said two conditions
thereof.
18. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including first
manually actuated switch means, circuitry for adding extra pulses
to said series of pulses from the first mentioned means in response
to actuation of said first switch means, second switch means, and
circuitry for subtractung pulses from said series of pulses from
the first mentioned means in response to actuation of said second
switch means.
19. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 7, including two
additional pulse counters, a comparator circuit for comparing the
output of said additional counters and operable to divert pulses
produced by said first mentioned means from said counter means to a
first of said additional counters when said additional counters are
not in identical settings, and manually controlled means for
delivering additional pulses to the second of said additional
counters to actuate it to a different setting than said first
additional counter and thereby require diversion of pulses from
said counter means until said two additional counters are again at
identical settings.
20. Road striping apparatus comprising means to be mounted on a
vehicle and responsive to movement of said vehicle to produce a
series of pulses proportional in number to the distance travelled
by the vehicle; means for applying paint to a road as said vehicle
moves therealong and adapted to be actuated intermittently between
painting and nonpainting conditions to form a broken line on the
road; counter means for counting said series of pulses and actuable
sequentially by said pulses to a series of predetermined different
conditions representing different pulse counts; control means
settable to any of a plurality of different conditions
corresponding to different pulse counts; and circuitry operable to
compare the conditions of said counter means and said control
means, and respond to the attainment of a predetermined count in
said counter means corresponding to the setting of said control
means, in a relation causing actuation of said paint applying means
from one of said conditions thereof to the other at times varying
in accordance with the setting of said control means.
21. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 20, including
second control means settable independently of said first mentioned
control means to any of a plurality of different conditions
corresponding to different pulse counts; and circuitry operable to
compare the conditions of said counter means and said second
control means, and respond to the attainment of a predetermined
count in said counter means corresponding to the setting of said
second control means, in a relation causing actuation of said paint
applying means from said other condition thereof back to said one
condition at times varying in accordance with the setting of said
second control means.
22. Road striping apparatus as recited in claim 21, in which said
first mentioned control means and said second control means are two
separate selector switch structures separately settable manually to
conditions representing different pulse counts.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improved apparatus for painting stripes
on road surfaces.
Road striping equipment has been devised in the past which includes
a paint spraying gun carried by a motor vehicle and adapted to
paint a stripe on a road surface as a vehicle moves therealong. The
spraying equipment may include bead dispensing apparatus for
depositing reflective beads on the paint in a manner rendering the
stripe highly reflective and therefore very readily visible. Where
an interrupted or broken line is desired, the spray gun may be
intermittently turned on and off, to first paint for a short
distance, then skip an area, then paint for another short distance,
etc. Mechanical timers have been employed for thus turning the
spray gun on and off, but these have been less reliable than would
be desired in actual operation, have been relatively expensive to
produce and maintain, and have not allowed for easy adjustment of
the length of painted area and the length of `skip` under varying
painting conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a new type of spray gun control
which can inherently be more precise than prior equipment in
measuring and automatically controlling the length of painted area
and the length of `skip` area in a broken line. Of great importance
is the manner in which the present apparatus can be adapted to
allow for an almost limitless variety of paint and skip area
patterns, with easy and very rapid conversion of the apparatus to
those different patterns by an extremely simple type of control
actuable by the operator.
These results are achieved by employment of apparatus which
includes means for producing a series of pulses at a rate
corresponding to the rate of advancement of the vehicle over a road
surface, and control means responsive to those pulses to actuate
the paint sprayer between on and off conditions in accordance with
the number of pulses produced. That is, the sprayer may first be
turned on for a predetermined number of pulses, then turned off for
another predetermined number of pulses, then be turned back on
again for the first mentioned number of pulses, etc., to form the
desired interrupted line. Suitable counter means may be employed
for counting the pulses, in conjunction with variably settable
selector switches or the like which can determine the pulse count
at which the sprayer is shifted from one condition to another.
In many instances, it may be necessary or desirable, while the
apparatus is in use and as the motor vehicle is being driven along
a road surface, to advance or retard very slightly in a controlled
manner the precise points at which the painting gun is turned on or
off. This may be desirable, for example, in order to bring the
spray pattern being laid down into exact correspondence with the
pattern of a broken line already on the road surface. To achieve
this result, the present apparatus may include means for adding
extra pulses to the series of pulses as desired, or subtracting a
predetermined number of pulses, to achieve proper advancement or
delay of the spray gun actuation. Manually controlled switches
accessible to the operator may supply these extra pulses, or effect
subtraction of the pulses, while the apparatus is in operation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The above and other features and objects of the invention will be
better understood from the following detailed description of the
typical embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic or diagrammatic side view of a truck
carrying paint spraying apparatus embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective representation of the control box of the
FIG. 1 spraying apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the digitizer of the
device, and a portion of the control circuitry; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the remainder of the
control circuitry within the main control box of the device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In FIG. 1, I have represented at 10 a truck or other motor vehicle
which is to be driven on the surface 11 of a road or street, and
which carries at the back of the truck a conventional road striping
paint sprayer 12 adapted to emit a downward spray 13 of paint onto
surface 11, to form a painted stripe of predetermined width on the
road as the vehicle advances. Spray gun 12 may be of the type in
which minute glass beads are dropped onto the upper surface of the
painted stripe to adhere thereto and render the paint highly
reflective. The spray gun is typically controlled electrically, by
on-off signals received through an electrical conductor 112 leading
rearwardly to the spray gun from a control box 15 located in the
driver's compartment of the truck, at a location accessible for
actuation and control by the driver or a passenger. Alternatively,
the control box 15 may of course be located at any other point on
the vehicle. A digitizer 16 is also carried by the vehicle and is
driven by the main drive shaft 17 of the truck, or by any other
portion of the drive train, and produces a series of electrical
pulses in a line 18 leading to control box 15 at a rate
corresponding to and therefore representing the rate of advancement
of the truck.
The internal circuitry of the digitizer 16 is represented
schematically in FIG. 3. All of the remainder of the circuitry
illustrated in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4 may be contained within the
control box 15. This circuitry may all be solid state electronic
circuitry, occupying a very small space while allowing for the
below discussed very effective type of control of the spray gun 12.
Externally, the control box 15 may have a number of manually
actuated control elements, including a first set of three rotary
knobs 19, 20 and 21 adapted to be turned to different settings
representing a predetermined pulse count at which an overall cycle
of operation of the apparatus is to terminate. Similarly a second
series of three rotary knobs 22, 23, and 24 may be turned to
settings representing a predetermined pulse count at which a
painting portion of the cycle is to end. Each of these knobs 19,
20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 may have an index marking 25 coacting with a
circular series of decimal numbers 26, reading in each case from
zero through 9.
The manual controls on box 15 may also include two manually
depressible push buttons 27 and 28, or other manually actuated
elements, for controlling the addition of extra pulses to, or the
subtraction of pulses from, the pulse stream produced by digitizer
16.
The preferred type of digitizer illustrated in FIG. 3 includes a
rotary disc 29 which is mounted to turn about an axis 30, and is
driven about the axis at a rate corresponding to and proportional
to the rate of advancement of truck 10 along the road surface 11.
That is, for each foot of advancement of the truck along the road
surface, disc 29 turns through a predetermined number of
revolutions about its axis 30. This proportional rotation of the
disc may be effected by means of a direct mechanical connection 31
which turns the disc in exact correspondence to the rate of
rotation of drive shaft 17 extending from the truck engine to its
rear wheels.
Disc 29 by its rotation controls the passage of light from two
electric lamps 33 and 34 to a pair of photo-electric cells 35 and
36 respectively. For this purpose, the disc may be opaque to the
light from lamps 33 and 34, except at the locations of a series of
circularly spaced apertures 32 which successively move into and out
of the light paths between lamps 33 and 34 and the photoelectric
cells. Preferably, the lamps, photo-electric cells, and openings
are so positioned relative to one another that, as the disc turns,
first one of the apertures 32 will pass light from the lamp 33 to
photo-electric cell 35 for a short instant, following which that
light will be blocked off while light is for a short instant passed
from the second lamp 34 to the second photo-electric cell 36,
following which a next successive aperture passes light to cell 35,
with another aperture subsequently passing light to cell 36, to
thereby alternately energize the two cells in rapid succession.
Outputs of the cells are fed through amplifiers 37 and 38 to a
bistable flip-flop circuit 39, including two inverter gates 40 and
41 interconnected in the antibounce type circuit shown in FIG. 3.
When the signal from the amplifier 37 is `high,` the high input to
gate 40 causes a low output from that gate, which in turn produces
a high output from the entire flip-flop circuit in line 42. When
the output from amplifier 37 subsequently goes `low,` and the
output from amplifier 38 then goes high, the resulting high input
to gate 41 causes a low output in line 42 and in the feed-back line
43 to the input side of gate 40. Thus, each energization of
photo-electric cell 35 commences a pulse 44 in line 42, while each
energization of photo-electric cell 36 ends the pulse, to produce
the square wave pulse pattern represented at 45 in FIG. 3.
At this stage, it may be noted that throughout the entire logical
circuit illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, all of the various gates
shown in the circuit (represented as triangles) are of a type in
which, regardless of whether the particular gate has only one input
or more than one input, all inputs to the gate must be in their low
condition in order to produce a `high` in the output line from the
gate. Unless all inputs are low, the output from the gate is itself
low.
The series of pulses 44 in line 42 are fed to one of the inputs of
a two input gate 46, and are fed through an inverter 47 to one of
the inputs of another two input gate 48. The second input 49 of
gate 48 is normally high, except when pushbutton 27 is depressed;
while the second input 50 of gate 46 is normally low. Thus, gate 48
is normally turned off and gate 46 is normally turned on, so that
the series of pulses from line 42 can pass through gate 46 and a
next successive gate 51, whose second input 52 is normally low.
From the output gate 51, the series of pulses passes successively
through two additional gates 152 and 53, which are turned on
because of the presence of low signals in their second inputs 54
and 55. The output from the final gate 53 of FIG. 3 is delivered
through line 54' to a decimal up counter 55' in FIG. 4, which will
be discussed in greater detail at a later point.
To now return to FIG. 3, when the operator presses pushbutton 27 on
the control box, this actuates a switch within the control box
diagrammatically represented at 56. Switch 56 controls a bistable
flip-flop circuit 57 which is substantially the same as the
previously discussed antibounce bistable circuit 39 of the
digitizer, and which acts upon depression of pushbutton 27 to
change line 49 from high to low, and to change line 50 from low to
high, with return of those lines to their initial condition upon
release of the pushbutton. Switch 56 in its normal condition
maintains a high in input line 58 to the bistable circuit, and a
low in the second line 59 to the bistable circuit, with the switch
reversing these conditions, and therefore the output signals from
the bistable circuit, upon depression of the pushbutton.
When the pushbutton 27 is depressed, the resultant high signal in
line 50 of FIG. 3 turns gate 46 off, while the corresponding low
signal in line 49 turns gate 48 on, so that the pulse stream 45
from the digitizer passes through gate 48 instead of gate 46 while
the pushbutton is pressed. When the pushbutton is released, the
gates return to their original condition, in which the pulse stream
passes through gate 46 and not through gate 48, but the overall
effect of the switch from one gate to the other and back is to add
one pulse to the pulse stream delivered to counter 55' through line
54'. Thus, each time that pushbutton 27 is pressed and released, a
single pulse is added to the series of pulses from the
digitizer.
The second pushbutton 28 acts in reverse to subtract a single pulse
from the pulse stream in line 54' upon each depression and release
of the pushbutton. For this purpose, the pushbutton 28 actuates a
switch 60 corresponding to switch 56 of pushbutton 27, which switch
60 normally maintains a high in line 61 and a low in line 62
leading to bistable flip-flop circuit 63 corresponding to the
previously discussed circuits 39 and 57. The output from this
bistable circuit passes through a line 64 to the input of one of
two binary up counters 65 and 66, which are identical and produce
output signals in their output lines 67 and 68 representing in
binary the number of pulses received on their respective input
lines 64 and 69. These two binary counts are fed into a comparator
70, which compares the outputs of the two counters 65 and 66, and
produces low signals on all four of the output lines 71 from the
comparator if and only if the counts in the two counters 65 and 66
are identical. If the outputs from the two counters are different
from one another, one or more of the output lines 71 from the
comparator will have a high signal, thus turning off the four input
gate 72.
In normal operation, the two counters 65 and 66 will in fact have
identical counts, and the resultant all low signals on comparator
output lines 71 will maintain the output of gate 72 high, to
thereby act through inverter gate 73 to maintain the previously
discussed line 54 normally low. Also, the high output from gate 72
is fed back through line 74 to one of the inputs to a three input
gate 75, to thus turn that gate off and prevent the admission of
any input pulses to counter 66.
If the operator now depresses and then releases pushbutton 28, this
acts through bistable flip-flop 63 to change the output in line 64
from high to low and back to high, thus introducing one pulse into
counter 65, with the result that the comparator 70 will now sense
the fact that counters 65 and 66 have different pulse counts, to
produce a high in at least one of the lines at 71, and a low in
line 74 and a high in line 54. The high in line 54 turns off gate
52, to stop the delivery of signals through that gate to line 54'.
The low signal in line 74 turns gate 75 on, and the pulse which has
been blocked against passage through gate 52 is now diverted
through line 76 and gate 75 into counter 66. The third input 77 to
gate 75 is maintained low at this time by a gate 78, which receives
at its input side a high signal through a line 79 from the output
side of gate 53, thus maintaining gate 78 off and its output low to
assure passage of the pulse or pulses through gate 75. If
pushbutton 28 is depressed and released only once, the passage of
the single pulse through gate 75 to counter 66 will return counter
66 to a condition identical with that of counter 65, so that all of
the lines 71 from comparator 70 will again go low and the entire
circuitry will return to its originally discussed condition for
passing the pulses in stream 45 through gates 52 and 53 to line 54'
and counter 55'. Thus, the overall effect is to subtract one pulse
from stream 45 from the digitizer for every depression and release
of pushbutton 28.
With reference now particularly to FIG. 4, the circuitry there
shown includes pulse counting means, generally designated by the
number 80, adapted to count the pulses in line 54' up to a
predetermined maximum, and connected to two series 81 and 82 of
selector switches whose settings determine the counts at which the
apparatus automatically terminates a counting cycle, and
automatically terminates a painting interval, respectively. It will
of course be understood that the counting means and selector
switches can be adapted to count and respond to total numbers of
pulses up to any desired maximum, but in the particular circuitry
typically illustrated in the drawings it is assumed that the
counting means and selector switches can handle any numbers up to a
maximum of three digits, that is, up to 999. For this reason, the
counting means 80 in the particular form of the invention
illustrated includes three counters to handle the three digits
respectively, a first of the counters being the one previously
referred to as number 55', and the other two counters being
designated by the numbers 83 and 84 in FIG. 4. Each of these
counters is preferably a decimal up counter, whose output is in the
form of binary coded decimal on four output lines 85, 86, or 87.
Thus, counter 55' counts pulses successively from zero to nine, and
then repeats the count, and on each tenth count produces an output
in line 88 to the input side of the second counter 83, which
similarly counts from zero to 9 as the second digit of the overall
number, producing its binary output in lines 86, and on each tenth
count producing a pulse in line 89 to the input side of the third
counter 84. Counter 55' thus represents the units digit in the
overall number, while counters 83 and 84 represent the tens and
hundreds digits respectively. The binary coded decimal outputs from
these three counters are delivered to three decoders 90, 91, and
92, each of which has ten output lines 93, 94, or 95 which are
energized successively in a repeating pattern by signals
representing the numbers zero through nine respectively. Stated
differently, for example, when decoder 90 is in its zero state, an
initial one of the output lines 93 (separately designated as line
93a) is energized. On receipt of a first pulse on line 54', line
93a is de-energized and the next successive output line 94b is
energized, while on the next pulse only line 94c is energized,
etc., until each line has been energized in turn, at which time the
cycle repeats upon receipt of the next or tenth pulse.
The series 81 of selector switches for determining the overall
cycle length includes three selector switches 96, 97, and 98,
connected to the three decoders 90, 91, and 92 respectively; and
similarly the series 82 of selector switches includes three
separate switches 90, 100, and 101. As will be apparent from FIG.
4, each of these six switches 96 through 101 is a rotary selector
switch having a rotary contact 102 adapted to turn about an axis
103 to engage selectively any of 10 different stationary contacts
104 connected respectively to the 10 output lines 93, 94, or 95 of
the associated decoder 90, 91, or 92. The rotary contacts 102 of
the three switches 96, 97, and 98 are actuable by the three knobs
19, 20, and 21 of FIG. 2, while the three rotary contacts of
switches 99, 100, and 101 are actuable by the three knobs 22, 23,
and 24 respectively. The numbers 26 of FIG. 2 indicate settings of
the rotary contacts of the associated switches.
When the rotary contact 102 of any particular one of the switches
is set to a particular position, this rotary contact completes a
circuit from a particular one of the output lines from the
associated decoder 90, 91, or 92 to one of three lines 105, 106, or
107 carrying cycle length signals, or one of three lines 108, 109,
or 110 carrying paint interval termination signals. Thus, when and
only when the pulse count represented by the outputs from decoders
90, 91, and 92 reaches a particular three digit count corresponding
to the settings of the three selector switches 96, 97, and 98,
simultaneous output signals will be present on all three of the
lines 105, 106, and 107. At all other times, at least one of these
lines does not carry an output signal. In the same manner,
simultaneous output signals occur on lines 108, 109, and 110 only
when the count attained by decoders 90, 91, and 92 corresponds
exactly to the count to which the three switches 99, 100, and 101
have been set.
During each individual counting cycle for the three counters 55',
83, and 84, the spray gun 12 is preferably turned on at a very low
count, but for best results not at the `zero` count. Desirably, the
spray gun turns on automatically at the `one` count, and for this
purpose a line 111 (FIG. 4) is connected to the particular one of
the BCD output lines 85 from counter 55' which is energized on the
first pulse count of the counter. This signal in line 111 is
inverted by a gate 112', and then inverted again by a gate 113
having a second input 114 which is normally low to normally
maintain the gate 113 in on condition. Thus, a high signal at the
input side of gate 112; representing a one count, produces a low in
line 115, and an instantaneous high in line 116 which is normally
low. This high in line 116 turns off a gate 117, whose second input
218 is normally low, to produce a low in output line 118 which is
fed into a two input gate 119. This low signal in line 118 coacts
with a low on a second input 120 to gate 119, to produce a high in
line 220 leading to a gate 121, whose output is thus changed to
low. This low signal causes actuation of a power switch 122 to an
on condition, and that power switch when on energizes paint gun 12
to commence the spraying operation.
The mentioned high signal on line 220 is fed back through line 218
to the input side of gate 117, to thereby maintain that gate in its
off position, and maintain the signal in line 118 low, thus
functioning as a holding circuit to continue operation of the spray
gun after initial commencement of the spray gun operation and until
the selector switches 99, 100, and 101 turn the spray gun off as
will be discussed hereinbelow.
When the pulse count in counters 55; 83, and 84 and their related
decoder reaches the value to which selector switches 99, 100, and
101 have been set, the resultant simultaneous output signals on
lines 108, 109, and 110 cause simultaneous energization of three
inverter gates 123, 124, and 125, which thus deliver three
simultaneous inputs to gate 126, whose normally low output is
thereby made high. This high signal is delivered through line 120
to gate 119, to turn that gate off and return line 220 to its
normally low condition, resulting in actuation of switch 122 to its
off condition for turning off the spray gun 12. Thus, the gun
automatically turns off when the count represented by selector
switches 99, 100, and 101 is attained. The low signal in line 220
is fed back through line 218 to the input side of gate 117, to
break the holding effect on that gate.
After the paint gun has thus been turned off, the counters 55', 83,
and 84 continue to count pulses upon further advancement of the
truck along the street surface, to form a gap or unpainted area in
the broken line being formed. When the count reaches the value to
which selector switches 96, 97, and 98 have been set, the three
resultant simultaneous output signals on lines 105, 106, and 107
act to automatically clear the counters and commence another
counting cycle. More particularly, these three signals
simultaneously actuate three gates 127 to conditions in which their
outputs are all low, to thereby actuate a gate 128 to a condition
in which its normally low output 129 goes high. This turns off a
gate 130, both of whose inputs are normally low, so that the
normally high output 131 from that gate goes low to cause the
normally low output from a next successive gate 132 to go high.
This instantaneous high signal in line 133 functions as a `clear`
signal, which is delivered by line 133 and a connected line 233 to
the reset inputs 134 of all five counters 65, 66, 55', 83, and 84,
to return all of these counters simultaneously to a zero count
condition for commencement of the next successive cycle. The next
pulse received on line 54' then actuates counter 55' to its one
count condition, to again act through line 111 and the connected
circuitry to turn the spray gun on and commence the next painted
portion of the broken line being formed.
The high reset signal in line 133 is also fed through a line 333 to
one of the inputs of gate 130, to hold gate 132 in its high state
for a short period of time when the high state of gate 128 is
removed by the reset signal in line 133. This action assures that
all other units actuated by line 133 will have the opportunity to
reset on the change of state. A capacitor 135 connected between
gates 130 and 132 functions to determine the length of pulse
produced at the output of gate 132. A manual clearing or resetting
of the counters can be effected prior to commencement of a cycle of
operation by connecting the input side of gate 132 to ground
through a switch 136, to change the input to gate 132 from high to
low, and thus change the signal in line 133 from its normal low to
high, thus clearing the counters.
Returning now to the instant when the count set into switches 99,
100, and 101 is attained, and the gun is thereby automatically
turned off as previously discussed, the instantaneous high signal
produced at that instant in line 137 from gate 126 acts to turn off
a gate 138, so that its normally high output goes low, to thereby
coact with a low signal on line 139 from the clear line 133 to
produce a high in output line 140 from a gate 141. This high is
returned to the input 114 of gate 113, to thus prevent actuation of
gate 113 to a condition for turning the spray gun on during the
remainder of the count, and until termination of the counting cycle
by attainment of the count set into switches 96, 97, and 98. When
that count is attained, the high clear signal in line 133 is
delivered to the input 139 of gate 141, to turn that gate off, and
return the lines 140 and 114 to their normal low condition, so that
the signal received from counter 55' through line 111 and gate 112'
at the one count can again turn the spray gun back on.
A signal light 142 (FIGS. 2 and 4) indicates when energized that
the counters are in their clear or zero count conditions. When the
counters are clear, both of the inputs to a gate 143 (FIG. 4) are
low, so that its output which is delivered to a second gate 144 is
high, and the output from that gate is low, actuating a power
switch 145 to its on condition in which light 142 on control box 15
is illuminated. When the discussed first pulse is received from
line 54' by counter 55', and the one count output is produced in
line 111 from counter 55', this acts through gates 112' and 113 to
produce a high in line 116, as previously discussed, and this high
in line 116 is delivered through line 146 to gate 143, to turn that
gate off, and convert its output to a low condition, thus turning
the signal light 142 off. This low at the output side of gate 143
is returned by a line 147 to one of the inputs of a gate 148, to
coact with the low then present on clear line 133 in turning gate
148 on, and producing a high in output 149 for holding gate 143 in
its off condition until an instantaneous clear signal in line 133
ultimately turns gate 148 off to coact with a low then attained in
line 116 in returning gate 143 to its high output condition in
which the signal light is on. Consequently, the signal light is
turned on whenever the counters are in their zero count or clear
condition, and remains on until counter 55 reaches its one count
condition.
To summarize very briefly the overall operation of the disclosed
apparatus, assume that it is desired to paint a broken line 150 on
the road surface 11 of FIG. 1, with the truck 10 traveling at a
predetermined uniform rate of speed. The operator may initially
actuate switch 136 on control box 15 instantaneously to a closed
condition, and then open the switch, so that an instantaneous high
signal is produced on line 133 to assure that all counters are in a
zero count condition. The operator of course has prior knowledge as
to the exact number of pulses which are produced by digitizer 16
per inch or foot of travel of the vehicle, and therefore can
calculate, or derive from an appropriate chart, the exact number of
pulses or counts which will be required to paint a line of a
particular length l on the pavement. This count is therefore set
into the three switches 99, 100, and 101. Similarly, a count
representing a predetermined desired combined length d for one of
the painted regions 151 and the intermediate `skip` or unpainted
region 152 is set into the cycle control switches 96, 97, and
98.
With the switches thus set to produce a desired paint pattern, the
operator may drive the truck along the road surface 11, and as the
vehicle moves along that surface, digitizer 16 produces pulses in
proportion to the distance traveled. These pulses are counted by
the counters 55', 83, and 84; and the first pulse, as previously
discussed, turns the spray gun 12 on, to thereby commence the
painting of one of the intervals 151 of FIG. 1 almost
simultaneously with the commencement of movement of the vehicle.
The spray gun remains on until the count set into switches 99, 100,
and 101 is achieved, at which time three simultaneous pulses in the
output lines 108, 109, and 110 from these switches act together to
turn the spray gun off. The count continues until the reading on
counters 55', 83, and 84 reaches the count set into switches 96,
97, and 98, at which time simultaneous output pulses from these
switches cause production of an instantaneous clear signal in line
133, to return all of the counters to zero, for commencement of
another cycle, with the spray gun again being turned on by the
first pulse or count of that second cycle, etc. In this way, a
repeating pattern of painted areas and unpainted areas is produced
on the road surface.
If the painted areas being produced do not occur at precisely the
desired locations on the road surfaces, as for instance, if they do
not coincide exactly with previously painted regions still present
on the surface, the operator may advance or retard the actuations
of the spray gun by either adding pulses to the series of pulses in
line 54' or subtracting pulses therefrom. Depression of pushbutton
27 acts through its connected circuitry to add one pulse for each
actuation of the pushbutton, while the second pushbutton 28
subtracts a pulse upon each operation. The positioning of the paint
on the road surface can thus be adjusted very precisely and
controllably until exact correspondence with a previously laid down
line is attained.
While a certain specific embodiment of the present invention has
been disclosed as typical, the invention is of course not limited
to this particular form, but rather is applicable broadly to all
such variations as fall within the scope of the appended
claims.
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