U.S. patent number 3,822,776 [Application Number 05/326,919] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-09 for tactile keycap.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Raytheon Company. Invention is credited to Albert R. Pratt.
United States Patent |
3,822,776 |
Pratt |
July 9, 1974 |
TACTILE KEYCAP
Abstract
A keycap for attachment to the keys of a keyboard such as used
on typewriters, computers, key punchers and the like, comprising a
shell carried by a key-mounted hub, and spring means between the
shell and hub for providing a sensory indication of key operation
to the operator when the key is depressed, which spring means may
be a click or snap to simultaneously also provide an audible
signal.
Inventors: |
Pratt; Albert R. (Weston,
MA) |
Assignee: |
Raytheon Company (Lexington,
MA)
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Family
ID: |
26953071 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/326,919 |
Filed: |
January 26, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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268418 |
Jul 3, 1972 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
400/491.3;
400/495.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B41J
5/12 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B41J
5/00 (20060101); B41J 5/12 (20060101); B41j
005/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;197/98,102,103,104
;235/145,146 ;340/365 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pulfrey; Robert E.
Assistant Examiner: Rader; R. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Murphy; Harold A. Pannone; Joseph
D. Rost; Edgar O.
Parent Case Text
This is a division of application Ser. No. 268,418 filed July 3,
1972 now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. A tactile keycap and key combination comprising a key shaft, a
hub on said shaft, a shell encasing said hub and having an end
portion overlying an adjacent end portion of said hub, a spring
between said adjacent end portions of the shell and hub for
normally maintaining said portions in spaced relation, said shell
having a skirt overlyiing a longitudinally extending
circumferential side wall of the hub, and separate resilient means
disposed between said skirt and said wall and movable
longitudinally of the hub for creating an abrupt mechanical shock
capable of being sensorily detected by an operator's finger on said
shell.
2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said shell and wall
have adjacent spaced parallel surfaces, one of said surfaces is
provided with a pair of adjacent parallel circumferential grooves,
a rubber ring is disposed in one of said grooves, and the opposite
of said surfaces frictionally engages the ring whereby relative
movement of the shell and hub causes rolling movement of the ring
between grooves.
3. The combination set forth in claim 2 wherein said grooves are
located in the surface of the hub wall, and the ring is normally
disposed in the groove nearest said end portion of the hub.
4. The combination set forth in claim 2 wherein said grooves are
located in said surface of the skirt, and the ring is normally
disposed in the groove farthest from said end portion of the hub.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In modern day office equipment such as electronic data processing
systems, key punchers, teletypes, adding machines and electric
typewriters, for example, a keyboard is provided which comprises a
bank of keys adapted to be individually depressed by an operator.
Each key is connected with a respective switch which is adapted to
transmit an electrical signal to associated responsive equipment as
is well known.
In such devices, key movement is often very small and, in fact, in
some cases the switches are of a non-contacting type of a
capacitive nature which may require little or no movement
whatsoever of the key. It will be apparent that such devices
present problems to an operator who is unable to determine whether
a key has actually been operated, or operated sufficiently to
accomplish the desired resultant actuation of the associated
switch.
Attempts to overcome this problem have been made by providing a
tactile response in or adjacent the switch or built into the key
mechanism. However, while these attempts may have had some measure
of success, they were of an expensive and usually somewhat
complicated nature, requiring maintenance and other attention.
Attempts to provide tactility in the keycaps have usually produced
a structure wherein the keycap is merely made movable with respect
to the key by means of rubber cylinders, springs or the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, the above and other
disadvantages of the prior art are improved upon or overcome by the
provision of a novel keycap which includes built in tactility and,
if desired, audibility. This is achieved by novel spring means
which allows limited movement of the keycap with respect to the
key. Such spring means, in an audible tactile keycap according to
this invention, comprises a click type or snap action metal spring
which is disposed within the keycap between the keycap shell and
the adjacent end portion of the key or, more specifically, the head
or hub thereon. The spring is concave so that when the keycap is
depressed the spring will quickly snap downwardly with an audible
sound and with definite sensory teactility.
In an inaudible embodiment of this invention, a coil spring is
inserted between the top of the shell and the top of the hub. Also,
a rubber O-ring is positioned between the inner side wall of the
shell and the outer adjacent surface of the hub. This surface of
the hub is provided with a pair of continguous, circumferential,
parallel grooves, in the upper of which the rubber ring normally
reposes. When the keycap is depressed against the resistance of the
coil spring, the shell will move downwardly with respect to the hub
and in doing so will, by friction, cause the ring to roll
downwardly into the lower groove. Thus, tactility is provided. Upon
release of pressure from the keycap, the coil spring will raise the
keycap and consequently cause the ring to return to the upper
groove.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other objectives and advantages of this invention will become
apparent from the following description taken in connection with
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a key having thereon a
keycap embodying one form of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the keycap in depressed
position;
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating
a second embodiment of this invention;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the keycap thereof in
depressed position;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the rubber ring and
associated parts of device shown in FIG. 3; and
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to a portion of FIG.
3 showing the grooves disposed in the skirt.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring more particularly to the drawings, an audible tactile
keycap 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 mounted on the head or hub 12
of a key 14. The hub 12 may be a plastic block having cylindrical
side walls and a flat or convex upper end surface. The hub is force
fit or otherwise fixedly secured to the key 14 which is preferably
of metal.
Encircling the hub 12 in close-fitting relation is a housing or
cylinder 16, preferably of rigid plastic, which has an inside
diameter which allows it to readily slide upon the outer surface of
the hub. The upper end of the cylinder 16 abuts the inner end wall
18 of a shell 20 which is provided with a skirtlike portion 22
enclosing the cylinder 16. The inner diameter 24 of the skirt 22
will preferably be of a size to relatively snugly interfit around
the cylinder 16 so that movement of the two parts will occur as a
unit. However, the upper end of the cylinder 16 may be suitably
adhered to the end wall 18 when it is not desired to make these
parts separable.
The upper end of the cylinder 16 is provided with a bore 26 which
is of a diameter slightly larger than the inner bore 24 and within
which is disposed a wafer 28 on which is printed an indicia, legend
or other selected character (not shown) which may be viewed through
the end wall 18 of the shell which is made transparent for this
purpose. The wafer 28 extends transversely within the cavity formed
by bore 26 and rests upon the upper side of the peripheral portion
of a concave metal snap spring 30, the concave portion of the
spring 30 resting upon the upper surface of the hub 12.
The snap spring 30 will preferably be relatively thin, such as
about .003 inch, for example, so that light pressure upon the shell
20 will cause it to suddenly snap out of its normal unstressed
concave shape as shown in FIG. 1 to the irregular stressed
configuration shown in FIG. 2. Such snap action will be very
definitely felt by the finger of the operator.
The lower end of the cylinder 16 is provided with means for
preventing accidental removal of the keycap from the key, which
means takes the form of an inwardly directed flange or tab 32 which
may extend around th entire inner periphery of the lower end of the
cylinder or only a part thereof. The flange 32 overlies the
adjacent lower end of the hub 12, or a peripheral groove 34 therein
as shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the relatively small
spacing between the flange 32 and the end of the hub 12 graphically
illustrates the small amount of actual movement which is required
of the shell 20 and cylinder 16 to operate the spring 30. The
spring 30 will, of course, reassume its normal shape when pressure
is lifted from the shell.
In the inaudible version of this invention illustrated in FIG. 3,
the hub 40 is fixed to key 42 and is enclosed within a shell 44
similar to shell 20 in the FIG. 1 structure. The upper end of the
hub 40 is hollowed out to form a cavity 46 therein within which
rests one end of a coil spring 48. The other end of the spring 48
abuts the adjacent end wall 50 of the shell and thereby normally
urges the shell upwardly. Upward movement of the shell 44 with
respect to the hub 40 is limited by a flange 52 which engages the
lower end surface of the hub 40.
A space 54 is provided between the outer circumferential surface of
the hub 40 and the inner surface of the encircling skirt 56 which
forms a portion of the shell 44.
A pair of circumferential grooves 58-60 are provided in the outer
surface 62 of the hub 40, as shown best in FIG. 5, and are arranged
in continguous, parallel, side-by-side relation as shown. In the
upper groove 58 is disposed a rubber O-ring 64 which is of a
thickness to fill the groove and abut the adjacent inner surface 66
of the skirt 56. The grooves 58-60 are preferably similar in
size.
It will be understood that downward pressure upon the shell 44 will
be exerted against the coil spring 48 and will cause the shell
skirt 56 to move relative to the hub 40. During such movement
friction of the wall surface 66 upon the rubber ring 64 will cause
the ring to abruptly roll into the lower groove 60 with a
suddenness which can be readily sensed by the touch of the
operator's finger. Such tactile operation is, however, completely
silent. Such downward motion is illustrated clearly in FIG. 4.
Release of pressure from the shell 44 will allow the coil spring 48
to raise the shell 44 to its initial normal position relative to
the hub 40. Such return motion of the shell will consequently cause
rubber ring 64 to return to the upper groove 58.
It will be understood that although the foregoing description and
the drawings disclose the grooves 58-60 as being located in the
outer circumferential surface 62 of the hub 40, they can
alternatively be located as grooves 58a-60a in the inner surface 66
of the skirt 56, in which case the ring 64a will be normally
positioned in the lower groove 60a and will move into the upper
groove 58a when the shell is depressed.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that a novel tactile keycap
has been provided in accordance with the objectives of this
invention. It will be understood, however, that various changes and
modifications in the structures shown and described may be made by
those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the
invention as expressed in the accompanying claims. Therefore, all
matter shown and described is to be interpreted as illustrative and
not in a limiting sense.
* * * * *