U.S. patent number 3,822,706 [Application Number 05/281,360] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-09 for medical light and combating of hyperbilirubinemia.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Medi-Spec Corporation. Invention is credited to Julius S. Schneider, Pasquale Simone.
United States Patent |
3,822,706 |
Simone , et al. |
July 9, 1974 |
MEDICAL LIGHT AND COMBATING OF HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA
Abstract
A medical light especially useful in combating
hyperbilirubinemia of neonates. The light comprises a neon bulb
mounted in a housing of size and construction such that the light
can be placed in an incubator.
Inventors: |
Simone; Pasquale (Whitestone,
NY), Schneider; Julius S. (Whitestone, NY) |
Assignee: |
Medi-Spec Corporation
(Whitestone, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
23076962 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/281,360 |
Filed: |
August 17, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
607/91;
600/22 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61N
5/0621 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61N
5/06 (20060101); A61n 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/395,396,373,1B,422,362 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Cremer et al., - The Lancet, May 1958, pp. 1094-1097..
|
Primary Examiner: Trapp; Lawrence W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Burgess, Dinklage & Sprung
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A medical light suitable for placement in an infant incubator
with the incubator top cover in place comprising:
a. a housing open at one end thereof for housing the infant with
the trunk within the housing and the head without the housing,
outside of said opening,
b. a neon light mounted within the upper part of the housing for
directing of emitted light to the trunk of the infant with the
housing placed as aforesaid,
c. a shield mounted on said one end of the housing for shielding
the infant's head from the light emitted from the neon light.
2. Medical light according to claim 1, the medical light emitting
radiation in the blue portion of the visible spectrum to the trunk
of the infant.
3. Medical light according to claim 2, and a filter means for
absorption of ultra-violet radiation before transmission of the
light to the infant.
4. Medical light according to claim 3, said shield comprising a
plate having an inverted U-shaped opening providing said open end
for the infant's head, said plate being slidably mounted on the
housing for up and down movement.
5. Medical light according to claim 1, and a filter means for
absorption of ultra-violet radiation before transmission of the
light to the infant.
6. Medical light according to claim 1, having closed sides, the
inner surface of the sides being reflecting for inward reflection
of radiation to the infant.
7. Medical light according to claim 1, the other end of the housing
being open for disposition of the infant's legs at least partially
without the housing.
8. Medical light according to claim 7, the housing having closed
sides, the inner surface of the sides being reflecting for inward
reflection of radiation to the infant, the light emitting radiation
in the blue portion of the visible spectrum, and a filter means for
absorption of ultra-violet radiation before transmission of the
light to the infant.
9. Medical light according to claim 8, said shield comprising a
plate having an inverted U-shaped opening providing said open end
for the infant's head, said plate being slidably mounted on the
housing for up and down movement.
10. Medical light according to claim 9, and an electrical
transformer having the high voltage side thereof connected to the
neon light, and a voltage regulator connected to the transformer
for controlling the intensity of the light.
11. Medical light according to claim 1, having closed sides, the
lower portion of the sides being formed of amber plastic which does
not transmit blue light.
12. Medical light according to claim 11, the medical light
preferentially emitting blue light to the trunk of the infant.
13. Medical light according to claim 12, the blue light being
radiation of wave length in the range of 400-500 nm.
14. Medical light according to claim 3, having closed sides, the
lower portion of the sides being formed of amber plastic which does
not transmit blue light.
15. Medical light according to claim 14, and a neon light
transformer connected to the medical light by an extension
cord.
16. Medical light according to claim 15, the overall size of the
light being 8 .times. 8 .times. 8 to 12 .times. 12 .times. 12, the
neon light comprising tubing filled with a noble gas and coated
with fluorescent lamp phosphor.
17. Medical light according to claim 16, the phosphor
preferentially emitting blue light.
18. Medical light according to claim 17, the blue light being
radiation of wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm.
19. Medical light according to claim 1, and a neon light
transformer connected to the medical light by an extension
cord.
20. Medical light according to claim 3, the overall size of the
light being 8 .times. 8 .times. 8 to 12 .times. 12 .times. 12.
21. Medical light according to claim 3, the neon light comprising
tubing filled with a noble gas and coated with fluorescent lamp
phosphor.
22. Method of combating hyperbilirubinemia of neonates which
comprises directing radiation of a medical light onto the infant in
an incubator for a time sufficient to counteract
hyperbilirubinemia, the medical light being disposd within the
incubator with the incubator top cover in place, the medical light
comprising:
a. a housing open at one end thereof housing the infant with the
trunk within the housing and the head without the housing outside
of said opening,
b. a neon light mounted within the upper part of the housing
directing emitted light to the trunk of the infant with the housing
placed as aforesaid,
c. a shield mounted on said one end of the housing shielding the
infant's head from the light emitted from the neon light.
23. Method according to claim 22, the medical light emitting
radiation in the blue portion of the visible spectrum to the trunk
of the infant for said combating of hyperbilirubinemia.
24. Medical light according to claim 1, the medical light
preferentially emitting blue light to the trunk of the infant.
25. Medical light according to claim 24, the blue light being
radiation of wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm.
26. Medical light according to claim 3, the medical light
preferentially emitting blue light to the trunk of the infant.
27. Medical light according to claim 26, the blue light being
radiation of wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm.
28. Medical light according to claim 21, the phosphor
preferentially emitting blue light.
29. Medical light according to claim 28, the blue light being
radiation of wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm.
Description
BACKGROUND
Radiation in the visible spectrum range has become recognized as a
treatment, both therapeutically and prophylactically, for
hyperbilirubinemia. Blue light is generally regarded as the most
effective.
Floor lamps outfitted with fluorescent bulbs are commonly used. A
housing, containing, e.g., 8 to 10, fluorescent bulbs in
planoparallel array, is mounted on a floor stand. The height of the
housing can be adjustable. In use the lamps are disposed with the
light housing positioned outside and over an incubator, which is
outfitted with a transparent top cover, for radiation through the
incubator cover to the infant's body. A filter for light of wave
length shorter than that of blue can be provided. Thereby
ultra-violet radiation, which is generally considered to be
undesirable, can be eliminated.
The mentioned prior art practice is accompanied by several
disadvantages.
Light spillage or the proportion of the radiation not striking the
infant's body is high.
It is necessary to mask the infant's head to prevent harmful
effects accompanying radiation of that part of the body. In
practice, masking is done by wrapping the baby's head, including
the eyes, in bandages.
Another disadvantage is that the light tends to heat up the
incubator.
Further, the energy output of the fluorescent bulbs decreases with
use. The decrease in radiation of blue light of wavelength 400 to
480 nm (nanometers) is reported to be as high as 44 percent in 200
hours. Treatment periods are, for example, 48 to 144 hours.
Another disadvantage, when the preferred blue light is used, is
that in order to periodically check the color of the infant's skin
to determine, e.g., the occurrence of cyanosis, it is necessary to
temporarily turn the light off. A development of undesirable
coloration of the skin may not be observable unless the nurse turns
the light off, so that even given a procedure whereby color is to
be periodically check, injury may occur in the event checking is
inadvertently omitted.
Also, blue light may cause nausea so that the nursing staff may be
bothered by the treatment.
Still another disadvantage is that the floor stand, fluorescent
lamps are awkward to use. They are bulky and inconvenient to move
about. To regulate intensity of radiation, the height of the light
housing is adjusted, or the bulbs are changed.
Numerous other constructions for medical lights have been proposed.
Ruiter, U.S. Pat. No. 1,337,798, discloses a housing outfitted with
lights for receiving a part of the trunk of a patient. Riess et
al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,300,008, disclose a neon light for placement
on parts of the body. Bacon, U.S. Pat. No. 2,003,527 discloses a
light adapted to be moved over the body.
Additionally, Hess, U.S. Pat. No. 1,900,342, discloses an incubator
for infants outfitted with a therapeutic light.
None of the mentioned prior art lights are suitable for the
purposes which are the concern of the instant application.
THE INVENTION
The invention provides for treatment of hyperbilirubinemia of
neonates unaccompanied by the aforementioned disadvantages of the
prior art practices. According to the invention, the infant is
treated by directing radiation of a neon light onto the infant for
a time sufficient to counteract hyperbilirubinemia. It is
particularly contemplated that the infant be in an incubator during
the treatment, with the neon light positioned within the
incubator.
The light comprises a housing opened at the bottom and at one end
thereof for placement of the housing over the infant with the head
without the housing and the trunk covered by the housing. A neon
light is mounted within the upper part of the housing for directing
of emitted light to the trunk of the infant. The light includes a
shield mounted on the end adjacent the infant's head, for shielding
the infant's head from the emitted light.
Preferably, the light emits radiation in the blue portion of the
visible spectrum, and filter means are provided for absorption of
ultra-violet radiation before transmission of the light to the
infant.
The housing can have closed sides, which can be transparent, or, if
desired, the inner surface of the sides can be reflecting for
inward reflection of radiation to the infant.
The end of the housing opposite the head end can be opened for
disposition of the infant's legs, at least partially, without the
housing. Also, the housing can be of such dimensions that the
infant's arms can be disposed without the housing.
With reference to the foregoing discussion of disadvantages of the
floor stand, fluorescent lights commonly used for
hyperbilirubinemia, the lamp of the instant application provides
substantial reduction in lght spillage. Also, masking of the
infant's head is not necessary as the shield provided with the lamp
prevents radiation from striking the infant's head. By reason of
the character of the neon light, undesirable heating up does not
occur. Also, reduction in light intensity with use does not occur
to an objectionable extent. To avoid loss in intensity with use,
the neon lamp can be aged for 100 hours before delivery.
Thereafter, loss in footcandles is not over about 10 percent in 5
years. Observing coloration is not a problem, since the portions of
the infant's body disposed without the light housing, are always
observable. Further, intensity of the radiation can conveniently be
controlled by use of a voltage regulator. Then too, the lamp of the
invention admits of a construction of a high degree of safety,
while at the same time being convenient to use and store.
EMBODIMENT
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medical light according to the
invention, including a schematic illustration of the power supply
for the light; and
FIG. 2 is an end view from the head end, taken along 2--2 in FIG.
1.
According to the invention, the medical light 1 includes a housing
2 composed of a closed top 3, closed sides 11, foot end 4 having an
opening 6 for projection therefrom of an infant's legs, and head
end 5 which is open to permit projection of the infant's head from
the housing. The opening 8 in the head end 5 is an inverted
U-shaped opening formed in a plate 9 which is slidably mounted on
the head end 5 by way of guides 10 so that the plate can be
manually moved up and down.
The overall size of the medical light, in inches, can be 8 .times.
8 .times. 8 to 12 .times. 12 .times. 12, preferably 9 .times. 9
.times. 9 to 11 .times. 11 .times. 11. A height of 93/4 inches and
a length and width of 10 inches has been found to be particularly
well suited. The light is sized so that it can fit within an
incubator, i.e., within the incubator with the incubator top cover
in place. The lamp is light weight and can be easily moved about by
members of the nursing staff. A handle 7, (FIG. 2), is provided for
the unit. The light, however, is sufficiently heavy so that it
resists movement by the infant.
The top 3 and the upper portion 11a of the housing can be and
preferably is opaque so that light is not transmitted therethrough.
The lower portion 11b of the sides can be transparent or opaque.
Also, it can have an inner surface which is reflecting so that
radiation is reflected toward the infant. Desirably the lower
portion of the sides is amber plastic, e.g., Plexiglas which does
not transmit radiation in the range of 400 - 500 nm, i.e., blue
light. The head end and the foot end of the housing can be of the
same construction as is mentioned for the sides.
The neon light comprising the tubing 12 and electrode caps 14, rest
on support bars 13 in the upper portion of the housing. Air vent
holes 18 are provided in the upper portion of the housing to
prevent any undesirable heat build up.
The tubing 12 can be 9 mm id, 6 feet in length. The tubing can be
Corning G-1 lead glass, non ultra-violet emitting, filled with a
noble gas, e.g., argon, and can be coated with fluorescent lamp
phosphor, so that the lamp will preferentially emit blue light,
e.g., radiation of wave length in the range of 400 - 500 nm,
preferably in the range of 425 - 475 nm. The ends of the tubing are
connected with power leads from the cable 15, via electrode caps
14.
Preferably, the contents of the tubing are non-toxic, and free of
mercury. Desirably, a pure noble gas is used, e.g., pure argon.
Then breakage would not contaminate the incubator.
Desirably, means are provided in the upper portion of the housing,
below the neon light tubing, for absorption of ultraviolet
radiation. Thus, Plexiglas plate 17 is positioned between the upper
portion 11a and the lower portion 11b of the sidewalls. The plate
can be UVA B plexiglass of Rohn and Hass, 1/8 inch thick.
The power supply is indicated in FIG. 1. A neon light transformer,
for transforming 120V supply to 3,000 - 4,000 output is used. Cable
23, including a voltage regulator 22 is provided for connection to
the 120V supply. The power unit includes an on-off switch 25, and
an indicator light 24. A safety plug 21, which is a four contact
CPH No. 49,638 plug, is provided for connecting cable 15 to the
power supply. The safety plug insures that the high voltage side of
the transformer will be closed, before closing of the low voltage
power input side. The output of the neon light can be controlled by
the voltage regulator 22, so that a selected degree of radiation
can be utilized. The current of the output side of the transformer
can be about 30 miliamps.
While the invention has been described with respect to particular
embodiments thereof, those embodiments are merely representative
and do not represent the boundaries of the invention.
* * * * *