U.S. patent number 3,822,599 [Application Number 04/866,839] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-09 for exercising device.
Invention is credited to Jerry D. Brentham.
United States Patent |
3,822,599 |
Brentham |
July 9, 1974 |
EXERCISING DEVICE
Abstract
An exercising device comprising a handle pivotally mounted on a
frame with a hydraulic system connected to the handle to exert a
regulated force restraining movement of the handle. The hydraulic
system comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a reservoir, a valve
arranged to prevent movement of the handle until a force of
predetermined regulated magnitude is exerted on the handle, and a
second valve arranged to control the rate of movement of the handle
when a force exceeding the predetermined magnitude is exerted
thereon. A calibrated gauge indicates the magnitude of force
exerted at various points on the handle.
Inventors: |
Brentham; Jerry D. (Temple,
TX) |
Family
ID: |
25348533 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/866,839 |
Filed: |
October 16, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/113 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
5/224 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
5/22 (20060101); G01l 005/02 (); A63b 021/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;73/379,380,381,141
;272/57,72,79,80,81,82,83 ;60/54.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gill; James J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Moore; Howard E. Crutsinger; Gerald
G.
Claims
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. An exercise device comprising: a table; actuating means movable
relative to the table; actuated means pivotally connected between
the table and the actuating means; means associated with said
actuated means to prevent movement of the actuating means in at
least one direction from a first position to a second position
until a force of predetermined magnitude is exerted on the
actuating means; means to vary the magnitude of force required to
move the actuating means; and means associated with the actuated
means to control the rate of movement of the actuating means from
the first position to the second position when a force exceeding
the predetermined magnitude is exerted on the actuating means, said
actuating means comprising, a first elongated member, a second
elongated member angularly disposed relative to the first elongated
member; and surfaces on said elongated member against which force
may be applied.
2. The combination called for in claim 1 with the addition of an
indicator operably connected to the actuated means to indicate the
magnitude of force exerted on the actuating means.
3. The combination called for in claim 1 wherein the actuated means
comprises a fluid pump having inlet and outlet ports, and conduit
means in fluid communication with said ports; and the means to
prevent movement of the actuated means comprises pressure control
means in the conduit means to prevent fluid flow from the outlet
port of the pump until a force of predetermined magnitude is
exerted on the actuating means.
4. The combination called for in claim 3 with the addition of a
fluid return line in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet
ports of the pump; and a check valve in the return line arranged to
permit fluid flow from the inlet port to the outlet port.
5. The combination called for in claim 1 wherein the actuated means
is a pump; said pump having an outlet passage, and the means to
control the rate of movement of the actuating means comprises a
variable flow passage valve associated with the outlet passage of
the pump.
6. The combination called for in claim 1 wherein the actuated means
comprises a cylinder having a piston and piston rod slidably
disposed therein; and with the addition of means for pivotally
connecting the said piston rod to the actuating means; means for
pivotally connecting the cylinder relative to the frame; and a
pressure gauge in fluid communication with the inside of the
cylinder.
7. An exercise device comprising: a frame; a cylinder; a piston
slideably disposed in said cylinder; a piston rod secured to said
piston extending outwardly from one end of said cylinder; means for
pivotally securing the cylinder relative to the frame; an elongated
member to apply force to the rod; means for pivotally securing the
piston rod relative to the elongated member; means for pivotally
connecting the elongated member to the frame; a conduit in fluid
ommunication with the inside of said cylinder on one side of said
piston; a pressure relief valve in said conduit constructed and
arranged to prevent flow of fluid therethrough until a force of
predetermined regulated magnitude is exerted on the piston; and a
valve having a variable size flow passage therethrough in fluid
communication with said pressure relief valve to regulate the rate
of fluid flow through the pressure relief valve.
8. An exercise device comprising, a general frame; an elongated
member; means to pivotally connect the elongated member to said
frame; a cylinder; a piston slidably disposed in said cylinder; a
piston rod attached to said piston and extending outwardly from one
end of the cylinder; means for pivotally connecting the cylinder to
the frame; means for pivotally connecting the piston rod to the
elongated member; conduit means in fluid communication with the
inside of the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston; valve means
in the conduit; gripping means on the elongated member; foot
support means on the elongated member between the gripping means
and the means to pivotally connect the elongated member to the
frame.
9. The combination called for in claim 8 with the addition of a
pressure gauge in fluid communication with the inside of the
cylinder.
10. The combination called for in claim 9 wherein the pressure
gauge has an indicator; a first calibrated scale upon which the
magnitude of force exerted on the gripping means is indicated; and
a second calibrated scale upon which the magnitude of force exerted
on the foot support means is indicated.
11. An exercise device comprising: a frame; a cylinder; a piston
slideably disposed in said cylinder; a piston rod secured to said
piston extending outwardly from one end of said cylinder; an
upwardly extending member; means to pivotally secure the upwardly
extending member relative to the frame; means to pivotally secure
the piston rod to the upwardly extending member; shock absorbing
means on the upwardly extending member; means to pivotally secure
the cylinder to frame; a conduit in fluid communication with the
inside of the cylinder on one side of said piston; a pressure
relief valve in said conduit constructed and arranged to prevent
flow of fluid therethrough until a force of predetermined magnitude
is exerted on said piston; and a valve having a variable size flow
passage therethrough in fluid communication with said pressure
relief valve to regulate the rate of fluid flow through the
pressure relief valve.
12. The combination called for in claim 11 with the addition of
variable volume means in fluid communication with the conduit to
compensate for the volume of piston rod moving in and out of
cylinder.
13. The combination called for in claim 11 with the addition of a
fluid reservoir in fluid communication with the inside of said
cylinder on the opposite side of the piston from said conduit; and
means to vary the volume of the reservoir to accommodate the volume
of fluid displaced from the cylinder as the piston rod moves into
the cylinder.
14. The combination called for in claim 11 with the addition of a
bypass conduit in fluid communication with the inside of the
cylinder on opposite sides of the piston; and a valve in the bypass
conduit.
15. An exercise device comprising a general frame; an upwardly
extending member having a lower end pivotally mounted on said
frame; shock absorbing means on an upper portion of said upwardly
extending member; gripper means on said upwardly extending member,
said gripper means being positioned to support hands of a user
having a shoulder in engagement with said shock absorbing means;
means between the upwardly extending member and the frame to exert
a resistive force substantially equal to the force applied to the
shock absorbing members; and means to regulate the rate of movement
of the shock absorbing means when a force is applied thereto.
16. An exercise device comprising, support means; an elongated
member; means to pivotally connect an end of the elongated member
to the support means; roller means rotatably secured to the other
end of the elongated member; a hydraulic cylinder having a piston
slidably disposed therein and a rod secured to said piston, said
rod extending outwardly from an end of said cylinder; means to
pivotally connect the cylinder and rod between the support and an
intermediate portion of said elongated member; a pressure relief
valve communicating with the inside of the cylinder on opposite
sides of the piston; means to vary the pressure required to
initiate fluid flow through the pressure relief valve from one side
of the piston to the other; and a control valve having a variable
flow passage in series with said pressure relief valve to control
the rate of fluid flow from one side of the piston to the
other.
17. The combination called for in claim 16 with the addition of
second roller means on the elongated member disposed in spaced
apart relation from the first named roller means.
18. An exercise device comprising, a base; an upwardly extending
member; at least one shoulder receiving pad secured to an upper end
of the upwardly extending member; means to pivotally secure the
lower end of the upwardly extending member to the base; a hydraulic
cylinder having a piston slidably disposed therein and a rod
connected to the piston and extending outwardly of the cylinder;
means to pivotally connect the cylinder to the base; means to
pivotally secure the rod to the upwardly extending member; and
valve means communicating with the inside of the cylinder on
opposite sides of the piston, said valve being adapted to control
the flow of fluid from one side of the piston to the other.
19. An exercise device comprising a cylinder; a piston slidably
disposed in said cylinder; a piston rod secured to said piston
extending outwardly from one end of said cylinder; means associated
with said piston rod to apply a force thereto; a conduit in fluid
communication with the inside of said cylinder on one side of said
piston rod; a pressure relief valve in said conduit constructed and
arranged to prevent flow of fluid therethrough until a force of
predetermined regulated magnitude is exerted on the piston; and a
valve having a variable size flow passage therethrough in fluid
communication with said pressure relief valve to regulate rate of
fluid flow through the pressure relief valve, wherein the pressure
relief valve comprises a valve body having a passage therethrough
and inlet and outlet ports in fluid communication with said
passage; a plunger slidably disposed in the passage; said plunger
being movable from a first position wherein the passage is closed
to a second position allowing flow of fluid through the passage; an
orifice plate having an orifice therethrough extending across said
passage in spaced apart relation from said plunger, said plunger
and said orifice plate forming a pressure chamber in said passage,
said plunger being incapable of movement to its second position
until pressure in the pressure chamber exceeds a predetermined
value; means for blocking fluid flow through the orifice in the
orifice plate; means for retracting the means for blocking fluid
flow through the orifice in the orifice plate when fluid pressure
in the pressure chamber exceeds a predetermined regulated value.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Heretofore, the most commonly used exercising device for muscle
development was the bar-bell which comprised a bar with weights on
opposite ends thereof. The weight of the bar-bell could be varied
by adding or removing weights from the ends of the bar.
One of the major users of bar-bells and other exercising devices
has been educational institutions which generally have required
physical education courses for all students and voluntary athletic
programs for those who wish to participate. The exercising devices
heretofore developed, particularly bar-bells, present numerous
short comings which greatly reduce the effectiveness of the devices
in large physical education classes.
To obtain maximum benefit from weight lifting while spending a
minimum of time in a session, research reveals that it is desirable
to exert maximum force against a fixed resistance for isometric
contraction of muscles until the muscles begin to tire and then
move through the resisting force for concentric or eccentric
contraction of the muscles. No exercising device heretofore
developed has had the capability of providing such exercise while
providing an indication of the magnitude of force exerted against
the fixed and moving resistances.
Indication of the magnitude of force exerted makes progress in
lifting capability readily apparent to the student. This is of
great psychological importance and tends to instill ambition and
determination in a student which are mandatory for an effective
physical education program. Exercising devices heretofore developed
generally indicated whether or not a specific force could be
exerted.
In a relatively large class, for example, fifty students, a major
portion of the alloted class period, usually fifty minutes, is
consumed changing weights on the bar-bells. If each student is to
obtain maximum benefit from a weight lifting program the correct
weight for each student for each exericse must be used. Because of
the wide range of lifting capability of the students the use of the
proper weight is seldom practical employing exercise devices
heretofore developed.
Safety is another major difficulty encountered in using bar-bells
because of the ever present danger of the student "loosing," a
weight causing the bar-bell to fall. An average athlete in a body
building program works with three hundred pounds or more of
weight.
Exercises are generally conducted in repetitions. Fixed weight
exercising devices do not allow the lifting of all of the weight
which a particular student is capable of lifting through each of a
given number of repetitions. As the muscles tire, the lifting
capability decreases.
Bar-bells and other fixed weight devices are expensive and require
racks, stands and benches for performing various exercises. A
wooden platform is usually required to prevent damage to
floors.
Exercising devices heretofore developed require an excessive amount
of storage space.
Because of the noise resulting from dropping of weights on the
floor or other suitable support means, weight rooms in educational
institutions have had to be far removed from other classrooms to
minimize the noise level.
Versatility is another major shortcoming of exercising devices
heretofore developed, most of said devices being constructed
specifically for one or more exercises and often requiring two
assistants to help in placing weights, as for example, on the
shoulders.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
I have developed an exercising device which eliminates the
deficiencies hereinbefore enumerated in exercising devices. The
resistive force may be quickly adjusted by merely rotating the stem
of a control device and a direct read out gauge informs the user
the exact magnitude of the resistive force exerted through any
number of repetitions. The device is inexpensive to construct, and
occupies minimum space while in use and in storage.
The exercising device which I have developed comprises an actuating
member pivotally connected to a frame with a gripper bar on one end
of the actuating member, and foot supports intermediate opposite
ends of the actuating member providing a single versatile exercise
device upon which most weight lifting exercises may be
realistically simulated without changing weights and racks.
A regulated restraining force is applied to the actuating members
through a fluid system which is arranged to provide finger-tip
control of the magnitude of the restraining force and of the rate
of movement of the actuating member to provide maximum benefit of
the exercising device. A specially constructed control valve
provides precise regulation of the magnitude of the force
restraining movement of the actuating member and a restrictor
connected in series with the regulating device in the fluid system
provides a control for varying the rate of movement of the
actuating member when a force exceeding the magnitude of force
required for initial movement is applied to the actuating
member.
A pressure gauge indicates the magnitude of force exerted by the
user whether or not he is able to overcome the pre-set force
required to initiate and maintain movement of the actuating member.
The fluid system applies a restraining force substantially equal to
the force exerted on the actuating member and indicates the
magnitude of the force even though the magnitude of force exceeds
that required to initiate and maintain movement, thus providing a
device for isokinetic exercising. The restraining force varies
automatically as the applied force varies over the full range of
movement.
The exercising device is quite useful as a testing apparatus
because the force exerted is indicated for each repetition of an
exercise thus eliminating the possibility that the user will expend
his energy unsuccessfully attempting to lift a weight which is too
heavy or will tire himself lifting weights which are too light
while working up to his limit, which will be substantially reduced
after several repetitions. Heretofore, the average weight lifter
had no way of determining how much force he was capable of exerting
at each point over a full range of movement because the only way to
gain such knowledge was by trial and error over a long period of
time.
Two modified forms of the exercise device for therapeutic
applications and for testing and developing muscles used for the
specific movements of blocking and tackling used in football drills
are illustrated and described herein.
A primary object of the present invention is to provide an
exercising device in which the restrictive force may be quickly and
accurately varied with a minimum of effort.
Another object of the invention is to provide an exercise device
capable of allowing the user to exert maximum force which he is
capable of exerting, the exercise device indicating the magnitude
of exerted force, through any number of repetitions and at each
leverage point of the body of the user as the resistive force is
acted on through the full range of movement.
Another object of the invention is to provide an exercise machine
which is completely safe to use making it impossible for a user to
injure himself by dropping weights.
A further object of the invention is to provide an exercising
device which is highly versatile allowing the user to perform
numerous exercises employing the exercising device without the
necessity of time consuming and exhausting modification of the
structure to perform several different exercises.
A further object of the invention is to provide an exercising
device which is capable of measuring and reacting to short and
sharp explosive efforts of the user.
A further object of the invention is to provide an exercise device
of inexpensive construction which occupies minimum space while in
use and in storage.
A still further object of the invention is to provide an exercise
device which provides regulated restraining force, independent of
the force of gravity, being capable of operation at zero
gravity.
A still further object of the invention is to provide an exercising
device for therapeutic applcations which exerts a variable
restraining force equal to the force applied through the full range
of movement of a part of the human body, without exerting a force
along an arm or leg which would tend to separate a joint.
A still further object of the invention is to provide an exercise
device which is portable, making the device easily movable between
a place of storage and a place of use and thus conserves space.
Other and further objects of the invention will become apparent
upon referring to the detailed description hereinafter following
and to the drawings annexed hereto.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Drawings of a preferred embodiment of the invention are annexed
hereto so that the invention may be better and more fully
understood, in which:
FIG. I is a perspective view of the exercise device;
FIG. II is a top plan view;
FIG. III is a side elevational view;
FIG. IV is an elevational view of the back-end of the exercise
device with parts broken away to more clearly illustrate the
details of construction;
FIG. V is a cross-sectional view taken along line V--V of FIG.
III;
FIG. VI is a perspective view of the fluid system employed in the
exercise device;
FIG. VII is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially
along line VII--VII of FIG. II;
FIG. VIII is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view of the
control panel of the exercise device;
FIG. IX is a cross-sectional view of a modified form of the
reservoir;
FIG. X is a perspective view of a modified form of the exercising
device particularly adapted for exercising the knee; and,
FIG. XI is a modified form of the invention particularly adapted
for football player exercises.
Numeral references are employed to designate like parts throughout
the various parts of the drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. I of the drawing the numeral 1 generally
designates an exercise device comprising a frame 2 having actuating
means 4 pivotally connected thereto, a platform 6 and actuated
means 8 pivotally connected between the frame 2 and the actuating
means 4.
Frame 2 is constructed of any suitable material and is comprised of
spaced up-right stanchions 10 and 12, having an upper cross member
14 and a lower cross member 16 rigidly secured to the upper and
lower ends thereof, with spaced base members 18 and 20 extending
outwardly therefrom.
Brace members 22 and 24 extend diagonally from the upper end of
stanchions 10 and 12 outwardly and have lower ends welded or
otherwise rigidly secured to base members 18 and 20.
Suitable braces 26 extend transversely between spaced members 18
and 20 and are welded or otherwise rigidly secured thereto to
provide desired structural strength and rigidity to the frame
2.
Suitable anchor means, such as member 28, is rigidly secured
between stanchions 10 and 12 and actuated means 8 is pivotally
mounted on lugs 30 and 31, intermediate opposite ends thereof.
Actuating means 4 comprises elongated members 32 and 34 rigidly
secured in spaced apart relation to axle 36, opposite ends 36a and
36b of said axle 36 being rotatably secured in an upper portion of
stanchions 10 and 12. Suitable means such as keys 38 are provided
to prevent disengagement of opposite ends of axle 36 from apertures
through stanchions 10 and 12.
A gripper bar 40 is welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the
outer ends of members 32 and 34 and is preferably circular in
cross-section to facilitate gripping same with the hands.
Suitable reinforcing, such as transverse member 42 and longitudinal
member 44, are provided to assure that actuating member 4 has
sufficient strength and rigidity.
A shaft 46 is welded or otherwise rigidly secured intermediate
opposite ends of members 32 and 34 and the ends 46a and 46b of said
shaft extend outwardly from opposite sides of the actuating means 4
and have suitable foot supports or pedals 48 pivotally secured
thereto. Pedals 48 comprise plates 50 rigidly secured to tubular
members 52 secured about the outer ends 46a and 46b of shaft 46.
Suitable means, such as keys 54, is provided to prevent
disengagement of pedals 48 from the ends of shaft 46.
Member 55 is welded or otherwise rigidly secured to members 32, 34
and 44 and has lugs 56 extended downwardly from the lower side
thereof to which the upper end of actuated means 8 is pivotally
connected.
Actuated means 8 comprises a fluid circuit including a pump, such
as cylinder assembly 60; reservoir assembly 62; and suitable
conduits and valves connected therebetween to control the flow of
fluid through the pump to regulate the resisting force and rate of
movement of bar 40 and pedals 48 on actuating means 4.
Cylinder assembly 60 comprises a hollow tubular member 64 having a
plate 66 welded or otherwise rigidly secured across the lower end
thereof with an ear 67 pivotally secured by a bolt 68 to lugs 30
secured to anchor member 28. A piston 70, secured to piston rod 72,
is slidably disposed through hollow tubular member 64. The upper
end of rod 72 has an ear 74 rigidly secured thereto and is
pivotally connected by a bolt 75 to lugs 56 which are secured to
member 55 on actuating means 4 as hereinbefore described.
Suitable means, such as O-ring seal 76, is provided to prevent
leakage of fluid around piston 70. A suitable cylinder head 78 is
secured in the upper end of tubular member 64 and is secured
therein by a retaining ring 80 and set screws 82. O-ring seals 84
and 86 are provided to prevent leakage of fluid from the upper end
of the tubular member 64.
Reservoir assembly 62 comprises a tubular member 84 having a plate
86 welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the lower end thereof. An
ear 87, extending downwardly therefrom, is pivotally secured to a
bolt 88, extending through apertures, in lugs 31 which are welded
or otherwise rigidly secured to anchor member 28 of frame 2. The
upper end of tubular member 84 has a plate 90 welded or otherwise
rigidly secured thereacross, said plate 90 having a passage 92
extending therethrough being normally closed by a threaded fill
plug 93, having a breather passage 93a extending therethrough.
Tubular members 64 and 84 have bolts 94 and 96, respectively,
welded thereto, said bolts extending through apertures in bracket
98 and being secured thereto by nuts 95 and 97, respectively.
A modified form of the reservoir is illustrated in FIG. IX of the
drawings. Reservoir assembly 62a has a piston 62b slidably disposed
therein with suitable sealing means, such as O-rings 62c, disposed
about the outer edge thereof. Suitable means, such as spring 62d,
urges piston 62b downwardly into engagement with the upper surface
of fluid in the reservoir 62a. Spring 62d preferably is not strong
enough to exert an appreciable force through the fluid to
materially affect the fluid pressure. A fill cap 93b, having a
breather passage 93c extending therethrough, is threadedly engaged
with the upper end of reservoir assembly 62a. It should be readily
apparent that piston 62b allows the entire fluid system described
herein to be sealed from the atmosphere. The function of piston 62b
and spring 62d is to provide means for automatically varying the
volume of reservoir 62a and consequently the volume of the fluid
system to compensate for the volume of piston rod 72 which moves in
and out of fluid in cylinder 60.
Referring to FIGS. V and VI of the drawing, tubular member 64 of
cylinder assembly 60 has a conduit 100 threadedly secured in
aperture 102 in the upper end of said tubular member above piston
70 and the other end of said conduit is threadedly secured in a
suitable fitting, such as tee 103 having a bleed plug 104
threadedly secured in an opening therein and a conduit 106
connecting said fitting to fitting 108.
Fitting 108 communicates through suitable piping 109 to a gauge 110
calibrated to indicate the magnitude of force applied to actuating
member 4 as will be hereinafter more fully explained.
Fitting 108 is also connected through tube 112 to tee coupling 114
which is connected through tube 116, elbow 118, and tube 119 of
nipple 120 threadedly secured in the inlet passage of pressure
control device 130 as will be hereinafter more fully explained.
Coupling 114 is also connected through tube 122, check valve 123,
and return line 124 to a suitable coupling 125 in fluid
communication through conduits 126 and 127, respectively, with the
inside of the lower ends of tubular members 64 and 84 through
apertures 128 and 129.
Check valve 123 prevents the flow of fluids downwardly through
return line 124 while allowing unrestricted flow upwardly from the
lower ends of cylinder assembly 60 and reservoir assembly 62
through return line 124, coupling 114, coupling 112, 108, tube 106,
fitting 103, tube 100 to the inside of tubular member 64 above
piston 70.
Pressure regulating means, such as pressure relief valve 130, best
illustrated in FIG. VII, comprises a body 131 having an inlet
passage 132, into which nipple 120 is threadedly secured, and an
outlet passage 134, having a nipple 136 threadedly secured therein
in fluid communication through conduit 138 with a restrictor valve
140.
Restrictor valve 140 is connected through a suitable coupling 142
and tube 144 to an aperture 146 extending through an upper portion
of the wall of tubular member 84 of reservoir assembly 62.
A valve 135, in bypass line 137, is in fluid communication with
inlet passage 132 and return line 124. It should be readily
apparent that when valve 135 is closed fluid is directed to passage
198 and plunger 196, as will be hereinafter more fully described.
However, when valve 135 is open, pressure regulating device 130 is
bypassed.
Pressure regulating device 130, FIG. VII, has an outer cylindrical
wall 150 and an inner cylindrical wall 152 with an annular passage
154 disposed therebetween. Outlet passage 134 extends through outer
wall 150 and is in fluid communication with annular passage 154.
End walls 156 and 158 extend across and close opposite ends of
annular passage 154 and connect outer wall 150 to inner wall 152. A
stuffing nut 160 is threadedly secured in the outer end of the
inner cylindrical tubular wall 152 to compressively engage packing
162 to prevent leakage of fluid around stem 164 which extends
through threaded aperture 166 in stuffing nut 160. The outer end of
stem 164 has a knob 168 and a pointer 170 rigidly secured thereto.
The inner end of stem 164 has an enlarged portion 172 rigidly
secured thereto in regulated pressure contact with spring 174 to
urge same against conical valve member 176 which normally closes
orifice 178 extending through orifice plate 180 which is disposed
across passage 182 inside inner tubular wall 152. Passage 182 has
an enlarged portion 184 in the outer end thereof forming a shoulder
186 against which orifice plate 180 is urged by hollow tubular
member 188, washer 190 and packing 162.
Passages 192 extend through inner walls 152 and passages 194 extend
through tubular member 188 connecting the inside of said tubular
member 188 with annular passage 154 which is in turn in fluid
communication with the outlet 134 of the pressure regulating
device.
A plunger 196 is slidably disposed in passage 182 and is urged
outwardly in sealing engagement about aperture 198 which extends
through wall 156 by a spring 200 which is disposed in abutting
relation with orifice plate 180.
An orifice 202 covered by a screen 204 extends through plunger 196,
said orifice 202 being smaller in diameter than the orifice 178 in
orifice plate 180. The passage 182 between plunger 196 and orifice
plate 180 forms a pressure chamber.
Apertures 206 extend through the inner ends of walls 152, said
apertures being normally sealed by the outer edges of plunger
196.
Spring 174 is stiffer than spring 200. For fluid to flow from inlet
passage 132 to outlet passage 134, the fluid pressure acting on
plunger 196 must compress spring 200 thereby compressing fluid in
passage 182 between plunger 196 and orifice plate 180. Fluid
pressure through orifice 178 in orifice plate 180 exerts force on
conical valve member 176 to compress spring 174. As valve member
176 is moved outwardly fluid in passage 182 flows through orifice
178, to outlet passage 134 through apertures 194 and 192 allowing
plunger 196 to move into passage 182 a distance sufficient to allow
fluid flow from inlet 132 through apertures 206, annular passage
154 to outlet passage 134.
Restrictor 140, secured to the outlet passage 134 of pressure
regulating device 130 through conduit 138 and nipple 136, is of
conventional design and has a variable passage extending
therethrough, the size of said passage being regulated by rotating
stem 210 having a knob 212 and pointer 214 rigidly secured thereto
by a set screw 216.
Dials 220 and 222 are secured to a control panel 224 which extends
through an opening 226 in the front of housing 230. The face of
gauge 110 also extends through control panel 224.
Dial 220 is fixed to the control panel 224 adjacent pointer 214 on
knob 212 secured to shaft 210 of restrictor valve 140. As best
illustrated in FIG. VIII of the drawing, dial 220 is divided into
three regions designated "light, medium and heavy." When pointer
214 is positioned at "light" on dial 220 restrictor valve 140 is
opened to allow actuating means 4 to move rapidly. Positioning
pointer 214 at "heavy" reduces the size of the passage through
restrictor valve 140 and allows actuating means 4 to move slowly
when force is exerted thereon.
Dial 222, adjacent pointer 170, is calibrated to indicate the
magnitude of force which must be exerted on actuating means 4 to
cause valve element 176 in control device 130 to open to allow
fluid to flow from the upper end of cylinder 60 allowing actuating
means 4 to move.
Pressure gage 110 has a dial face 235 upon which pointer 238
indicates the magnitude of force exerted at various locations on
the actuating means. Outer calibrations 240 indicate the magnitude
of force exerted upon gripper bar 40 while the inner calibrations
242 indicate the magnitude of force exerted on pedals 48. The
calibration of dial face 235 is dictated by the mechanical
advantage achieved by the relative position of the grip bar 40 and
pedals 48. Empirical data may be utilized for calibration purposes
by applying known forces at desired locations on the actuating
means 4.
OPERATION
The operation and function of the device hereinbefore described is
as follows:
The user, or an assistant, of the exercise device rotates knob 168
to the desired calibration on dial 222 to adjust pressure
regulating device 130 to prevent the flow of fluid from cylinder 60
until a force of desired magnitude is applied to gripper bar 40. As
illustrated in FIG. VIII of the drawing, pointer 170 is set at 250
pounds. Therefore conical valve element 176 will not compress
spring 174 to open orifice 178 in orifice plate 180 until a force
of 250 pounds has been applied to gripper bar 40, or 500 pounds to
pedals 48. It should be readily apparent that the calibrations on
dial 222 correspond to the magnitude of force registered on outer
calibration 240 of dial 235 of gauge 110. Therefore, 250 pounds on
dial 222 corresponds to 500 pounds on pedals 48 which is registered
on inner calibrations 242 on dial 235.
The user then rotates knob 212 to position pointer 214 on the
desired position on dial 220. Rotation of pointer 214 to the
position marked light will allow actuating means 4 to move faster
than if pointer 214 is positioned at "medium." Positioning pointer
214 at "heavy" causes actuating means 4 to move very slowly when a
force in excess of that set on dial 222, for example 250 pounds in
the drawing, is exerted. However, it should be noted that whether
actuated means 4 is moving or not pointer 238 on gauge 110
registers the magnitude of force exerted on the actuating
means.
Setting pointers 170 and 214 as indicated in FIG. VIII of the
drawing, the user then approaches gripper bar 40 or pedals 48 and
assumes the starting position for a desired exercise in the same
manner as in using bar-bells.
Assuming that the user desires to do the exercise commonly known as
"leg press," the user either lies upon his back on platform 6 or
upon a bench (not shown) positioned on platform 6 and positions his
feet against plates 50 on pedals 48. He then pushes upwardly
against pedals 48 while watching pointer 238 on gauge 110 which
indicates the magnitude of force he is exerting on inner
calibrations 242 on dial 235. Pedals 48 do not move upwardly until
a force of 500 pounds has been applied. When the force of 500
pounds is reached, pedals 48 will begin to move upwardly as members
32 and 34 pivot with axle 36, pivotally mounted in the upper ends
of stanchions 10 and 12, thereby moving piston rod 72 and piston 70
upwardly through hollow tubular member 64 of hydraylic cylinder
60.
Referring to FIG. VII of the drawing, it should be noted that fluid
pressure exerted through the conduits from the upper end of
cylinder assembly 60 is exerted through inlet passage 132, passage
198, plunger 196, passage 182 and through orifice 178 to the face
of valve member 176. As the pressure reaches that corresponding to
the preset magnitude of force set on pointer 170, valve member 176
is moved outwardly against spring 174 and fluid from passage 182 is
discharged through orifice 178, passages 194 and 192 to annular
passage 154 and out of the regulating device 130 through outlet
passage 134. This allows plunger 196 to move against the force of
spring 200 to open apertures 206 allowing fluid from inlet passage
132 to circulate through passage 198, passages 206, annular passage
154 and out of pressure regulating device 130 through outlet
passage 134.
The position of pointer 214 on dial 220 determines the rate at
which fluid flows from outlet passage 134 of pressure regulating
device 130 through restrictor valve 140.
Fluid passing through restrictor 140 passes through conduit 144 to
reservoir assembly 62.
When the user has completed the exercise, he merely releases pedals
50 allowing actuating means 4 to move slowly downwardly by force of
gravity thereby causing piston 70 to move downwardly through
cylinder assembly 60 forcing fluid through aperture 128, return
line 124, check valve 123 and ultimately back to the upper end of
the cylinder assembly.
Weight lifting is a sport that demands short and sharp explosive
efforts for overcoming maximum restraining forces. Football coaches
particularly emphasize development of muscles employed for
exploding into a resistive force and momentarily holding the
resistive force for developing skills necessary for blocking and
tackling. From the foregoing it should be readily apparent that the
exercise device which I have developed may be employed to explode
against a resistive force to overcome a resistive force of a
magnitude exceeding that which could be held after exhausting an
initial explosive effort. However, since actuating means 4 returns
slowly to the position illustrated in FIGS. I through III of the
drawing, there is no danger of the user loosing or dropping
weights.
It should also be readily apparent that the exercise device
hereinbefore described accomplishes the objects of the invention in
that it is extremely versatile, light weight, easy to store and
use, and very quiet in operation.
DESCRIPTION OF MODIFIED FORMS
Two modified forms of the exercising device are illustrated in
FIGS. X and XI of the drawing.
Referring to FIG. X of the drawing, the numeral 204 generally
designates actuating means comprising angularly disposed elongated
members 232 and 234 pivotally connected by pin 236 to a frame 202
which comprises a table having legs 218 and a top 206 with lugs 210
secured thereto to which the actuating means 204 is pivotally
connected.
Elongated member 232 has an ear 256 welded or otherwise rigidly
secured thereto for supporting the end of piston rod 272 which is
pivotally secured thereto.
Actuated means, generally designated by the numeral 208, is
substantially the same as that illustrated in FIG. VI of the
drawing, hereinbefore described. Actuated means 208 has a pressure
gauge 110, a knob 168 for regulating the force required to initiate
movement of actuating means 204, a knob 212 for controlling the
rate of movement of actuating means 204, and a knob 135a which may
be employed to bypass pressure regulating device 130.
The embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. X of the
drawing operates in substantially the same manner as the apparatus
hereinbefore described and illustrated in FIG. I of the
drawing.
Elongated members 232 and 234 have axles 246 extending outwardly
from the ends thereof with pairs of padded rollers 248 pivotally
secured thereto.
The user sits on top 206 of the table 202 with his legs extending
downwardly therefrom positioned inwardly adjacent one of the pair
of padded rollers 248 on member 232. The controls are set as
hereinbefore described. He then exerts a kicking motion with his
foot to exert force against roller 248 causing elongated members
232 and 234 to pivot about pin 236. This causes piston rod 272 to
be extended as hereinbefore described.
It should be noted that since force is exerted through padded
rollers 248, only a force perpendicular to the leg of the user will
be exerted thereto. This is very important in therapeutic
applications for rebuilding damaged muscles. Weighted shoes and the
like heretofore employed for this purpose exerted only vertical
forces which tended to separate the knee joint, often aggravating
the injury. For therapeutic rehabilitations of damaged joints,
carefully controlled magnitude and direction of force as well as
the rate of movement of the member, such as the leg is
critical.
Padded rollers 248 on elongated member 234 are normally employed
for knee exercises. The user lies face down on the top 206 of table
202 with the back of his legs below roller 248. He then bends his
legs while a controlled restraining force is exerted through the
roller.
Rollers 248 may also be gripped with the hands while the user is on
or off the table.
Referring to FIG. XI of the drawing, the actuating means is
generally designated by the numeral 304 and the actuated means is
generally designated by the numeral 308.
Actuating means 304 comprises elongated members 332 and 334 secured
to axle 336 pivotally secured to elongated members 318 and 320.
Actuated means 308 is substantially the same as that illustrated in
FIG. VI of the drawing, hereinbefore described.
Piston rod 372 is pivotally secured to actuating means 304 and
resilient means, such as springs 380, is secured between elongated
base members 318 and 320 and actuating means 304, tending to push
piston rod 372 into cylinder 360.
Shock absorbing means, such as pads 390, is disposed on elongated
members 332 and 334, arranged to engage the shoulders of an athlete
as he positions his feet against cross members 306 while grasping
handlebars 340 on actuating means 304. As the user pushes against
pads 390 with his shoulders, the force exerted thereagainst is
indicated on gauge 110.
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