U.S. patent number 3,821,884 [Application Number 05/333,123] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-02 for sliding door lock system.
Invention is credited to Ronald A. Walsh.
United States Patent |
3,821,884 |
Walsh |
July 2, 1974 |
SLIDING DOOR LOCK SYSTEM
Abstract
A multiple-locking bar for securing a sliding glass door and
preventing a fixed glass door adjacent the sliding glass door from
being pried outward or forced inward; the bar is pivotally attached
to the fixed door, and pivots to a horizontal position in the path
of the sliding door to block the sliding door; in various
embodiments a key-lock-controlled bolt at the free end of the bar
engages a keeper on the edge of the sliding door, a bolt extension
at the pivoted end of the bar engages the jamb channel ordinarily
supplied with glass door installations, a hook on the bar engages
the fixed door, and an offset angle engages wall structure adjacent
the glass door installation, to prevent forcing the fixed door in
or out and to secure the sliding door; special locking bolt and
keeper structures are also disclosed.
Inventors: |
Walsh; Ronald A. (Baltimore,
MD) |
Family
ID: |
23301384 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/333,123 |
Filed: |
February 16, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/95; 49/449;
292/259R; 70/417; 292/262; D8/331 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
65/0888 (20130101); Y10T 70/7921 (20150401); Y10T
292/23 (20150401); Y10T 292/28 (20150401); Y10T
70/5173 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
65/08 (20060101); E05b 065/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;49/449 ;70/95,417
;292/218,259,262,277,DIG.46 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McClellan, Sr.; John F.
Claims
What is claimed and desired to be secured by United States letters
patent is:
1. In combination with building wall structure forming a
rectangular doorway and a channel-shaped door jamb framing at least
a portion of the doorway, a first panel fixed in the door jamb at
one side of the doorway, and a second panel slidably contained in
the channel in position to slide past the first panel, the
improvement comprising: a bar, means for pivotally securing the bar
at a position intermediate the width of the first panel with the
first end of the bar in contact with the second panel, means for
engaging the second end of the bar with said building wall
structure, and means for detachably connecting an intermediate
portion of the bar to the first panel.
2. In the combination recited in claim 1, the means for detachably
connecting comprising a downwardly disposed hook extending from the
bar and an upwardly disposed hook affixed to the first panel in
position to engage the downwardly disposed hook.
3. In combination with building wall structure forming a
rectangular doorway and a channel-shaped door jamb framing at least
a portion of the doorway, a first panel fixed in the door jamb at
one side of the doorway, and a second panel slidably contained in
the channel in position to slide past the first panel, the
improvement comprising: a bar, means for pivotally securing the bar
at a position intermediate the width of the first panel with the
first end of the bar in contact with the second panel, means for
engaging the second end of the bar with said building wall
structure, means for engaging an end portion of the bar with a
portion of the end of the second panel contacted by the end of the
bar comprising a tubular extendible member on said end portion of
the bar and a fixed structure on said end of the second panel, the
fixed structure comprising a protrusion proportioned to enter the
tubular extendible member, and a keylock positioned for securing
the extendible member in the extended position.
4. In the combination recited in claim 3, wherein the fixed
structure has an additional protrusion for engaging an exterior
portion of the tubular extendible member concurrently with the
first said protrusion.
5. In the combination recited in claim 3, wherein the extendible
member has a rectangular section, wherein the first end of the
extendible member has a pyramidal shaped recess therein, and
wherein the protrusion is in the form of a truncated, pyramid
complementary to the pyramidal shaped recess.
6. In combination with building wall structure forming a
rectangular doorway and a channel-shaped door jamb framing at least
a portion of the doorway, a first panel fixed in the door jamb at
one side of the doorway, and a second panel slidably contained in
the channel in position to slide past the first panel, the
improvement comprising: a bar, means for pivotally securing the bar
at a position intermediate the width of the first panel with the
first end of the bar in contact with the second panel, means for
engaging the second end of the bar with the building wall structure
comprising a Z-angle having an offset length parallel with the
plane for the doorway, the offset length of the Z-angle positioned
for overlappingly engaging the building wall structure forming the
doorway.
7. In combination with building wall structure forming a
rectangular doorway and a channel-shaped door jamb framing at least
a portion of the doorway, a first panel fixed in the door jamb at
one side of the doorway, and a second panel slidably contained in
the channel in position to slide past the first panel, the
improvement comprising: a bar, means including a pivot bolt
attached to said first panel for pivotally securing the bar to the
first panel at a position intermediate the width of the first panel
with the first end of the bar in contact with the second panel, and
means for engaging the second end of the bar with the building wall
structure comprising a portion of the channel-shaped door jamb
aligned with the second end of the bar and overlapping the sides of
the bar with the bar in a horizontal position.
8. In combination with building wall structure forming a
rectangular doorway and a channel-shaped door jamb framing at least
a portion of the doorway, a first panel fixed in the door jamb at
one side of the doorway, and a second panel slidably contained in
the channel in position to slide past the first panel, the
improvement comprising: a bar, means for pivotally securing the bar
at a position intermediate the width of the first panel with the
first end of the bar in contact with the second panel comprising a
generally J-shaped bracket having a squared loop between the longer
and shorter arms of the "J," with a pivot member securing a portion
of the bar proximate the second end thereof to the longer arm of
the J-shaped bracket at a position causing the second end of the
bar to extend into the squared loop of the J-shaped bracket in the
horizontal pivotal position of the bar, means for securing the
squared loop of the J-shaped bracket within the channel shape of
the door jamb, and means for detachably connecting an intermediate
portion of the bar with an intermediate portion of the first panel.
Description
This invention relates generally to fastening devices and
specifically to sliding panel securances such as sliding glass door
securances and the like.
In the prior art, various pivoting bars have been disclosed as door
locks and window fasteners but until the present invention no
universally adaptable pry-proof locking system for modern channel
jamb building access sliding glass doors has been available. Such
installations ordinarily include a fixed panel and a sliding panel
adapted to move in a plane adjacently parallel to the fixed panel.
The most commonly described method of preventing a glass door from
sliding has been the placing of an elongate rigid member in the
jamb channel at the bottom of the door with one end resting against
the lower side edge of the door. Similar devices have been provided
for installation at the top of a door and in some cases have been
provided for installation at the mid-height of the door. However,
in every case the devices have required extensive work for
installation on ordinary doors such as the so-called "patio doors"
or else have not been capable of guarding against the most
effective method of forcing entry short of breaking the glass.
The most effective method of forcing entry through a channel jamb
or channel from sliding glass door is to pry the fixed or
non-sliding panel outward. Garden apartments and similar
establishments using such doors may have several doors forced in a
short period of time by a single intruder. Bars which are
customarily laid parallel with the fixed member, sometimes being
fastened to it, are ineffective to prevent it from being drawn
outward together with the sash because they are disposed only to
prevent the sliding panel from moving along the channel. Other
drawbacks of the prior art have been that the devices were capable
of being unfastened in some instances from outside the door
assembly by releasing the attachment means and also that the
devices were capable of being released by means of thin blades or
other thin objects slipped through the joint between the overlap of
the sliding panel and the fixed panel.
Further, there was no effective way in the prior art of preventing
children or unauthorized persons from opening or releasing the
sliding door securance from the inside.
Principal objects of the present invention are to overcome these
prior art objections and provide a sliding glass door securance
which guards against forcing or prying the fixed element outward,
which offers maximum security together with maximum convenience of
installation and operation, which is extremely economical, durable,
and which is virtually pry-proof from either side and forced-entry
proof short of smashing or cutting away the glass to form openings
large enough to admit the entire body, neither of which methods is
satisfactorily quiet, safe and swift from the intruder's point of
view.
In typical embodiment the invention comprises a bar having means
pivotally securing the bar to the fixed panel of the sliding door
assembly intermediate the width of the panel with one end secured
in position against the edge of the sliding panel and the other end
of the bar adapted to enter between portions of the jamb in such
manner as to secure the fixed panel against forcing either inwardly
or outwardly.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be
more readily appreciated on examination of the description
including the drawings, in which, like parts being designated by
like reference numerals:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic detail in section viewed in plan of a
typical sliding glass door installation;
FIG. 2 is an isometric detail of an embodiment of the
invention;
FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatic details of embodiments of the
invention similar to the FIG. 1 view;
FIG. 7 is a detail in vertical section of a special provision of
the invention, taken at 7--7, FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an elevation detail of an embodiment of the
invention;
FIGS. 9 and 10 are respectively an isometric detail and a plan
section detail of provisions of the invention;
FIG. 11 is an isometric exploded view detail; and
FIGS. 12 and 13 are plan details in partial section of locking
provisions according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows details of a typical sliding glass door installation D
in reference lines, all strucure shown being conventional. The door
is shown closed.
Sliding panel S slides in way channels, not shown, in the direction
of the arrow, when opened. The way channel is substantially the
same as jamb channel C, framing the doorway.
Conventionally, one panel is fixed as at F, the inactive or fixed
panel, which rests at the left edge in the jamb channel C, which in
turn is attached, as by embedding, to wall W. Similar construction
is used at the other edge of the assembly, to receive the moving or
sliding panel when closed.
Each door has a glass pane P.sub.1, P.sub.2 in a frame of hollow
tubing having uprights U.sub.1, U.sub.2 and U.sub.3 (the remaining
sliding door upright is not shown) connected by horizontal members,
not shown, at the top and bottom and by an intermediate member,
such as will be described in reference to FIG. 2. Obviously the
glass pane can be double, as in any of the well known insulated
glass structures. T is a weather-tight inward extension of
U.sub.3.
Dimensions "A," the door sliding clearance, and dimension "B," the
fixed panel-to-inner face of the wall dimension, vary with the
installation and one aspect of the present invention deals with
means of accommodating the lock bar of this invention to such
dimensional variations in the simplest effective manner.
FIGS. 2 and 5 show an installation of an embodiment 10 of the
invention in a typical sliding glass door installation.
Horizontal intermediate frame member H of the fixed door F has a
pivot pedestal 12 mounted to it by screws 14 or other suitable
means, at a position determined by the "A" dimension, FIG. 1. In
turn, the pedestal 12 has a hollow pivot bolt 16 welded or
otherwise integrally affixed to it and extending inwardly
perpendicular to the panel. Pivotally secured in the pivot bolt by
an interference fit with the bore is a capping bolt 18, compressing
a spring washer 20, so as to retain bar 22 securely.
The bar 22 in the horizontal position shown extends between the
advancing edge E of the sliding door S and the wall-backed jam
channel C, preventing the door S from sliding open.
Bar 22 has an end bolt extension 24 fitting the inside of the bar,
which is a rectangular tube. The end bolt extension is adjustably
secured by pivot bolt 16 at a protrusive length (suiting the "A"
dimension, FIG. 1) causing the extension to lie between the jam
channel flanges C.sub.1 and C.sub.2 when the bar 22 is
horizontal.
The free end 26 of the bar 22 has a combination locking
arrangement, consisting of a locking bolt 28 controlled by keylock
30 and thumb lever 32. The locking bolt 28 extends from the free
end of the bar 22 and engages a keeper or catch plate 34 which is
screwed to the advancing edge E of the sliding door. On retraction
by the thumb lever the bolt 28 moves to a position inside the bar
22 at which the end of the bolt is flush with the end of the bar,
allowing the bar to be swung up or down to permit the sliding panel
S to open.
In the horizontal position, the bar engagement with the jamb at one
end and with the sliding panel at the other end prevents the fixed
panel F to which it is attached by pivot bolt 16 from being forced
outward, as it might otherwise be, on distortion of the relatively
soft retaining flange C3 (FIG. 5) on the exterior of the jamb by a
would be intruder's pry-bar P or the like.
In the above arrangement it will be apparent that none of the lock
bar attachment structure is accessible from the exterior when the
bar is horizontal. Further, when the keylock is in the locked
position, the thumblatch is made inoperive by means which will be
described later. Therefore the bar cannot be opened without the use
of a key, even with the glass broken, because the lock bar
attachment structure is inaccessible from the interior also when
the bar is horizontal. As noted, the pivot bolt comprises a
press-fit capping bolt, 18, FIG. 5, forced on assembly into a
tubular pivot bolt part 16. Spring washer 20 takes up all slack in
the assembly, so that not even the edge of a knife blade can be
inserted at the interfaces, and also adds friction to make
operation of the bar safer, as will be noted later.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment 300 generally similar to that described,
except that a "Z" angle 336 adjustably secured to the bar 322,
engages wall W, in addition to engagement of bar extension 324 with
jamb structure C. The angle has an offset length 338 parallel to
the plane of the doorway which extends considerably beyond the
pivot bolt, to which it is secured, and overlaps the wall. This
member is even less accessible from the exterior than the end bolt
extension previously described, and engages sturdier structure, the
wall, rather than the jam. The angle 336 does not swing with the
bar 322 but remains securely against the wall while the bar pivots.
The "A" dimension (FIG. 1) is taken into account by where the hole
is placed in the offset angle 336. Spacers 340 can be added to
adjust the "B" dimension; i.e., the effective length of the
offsetting arm 342 of the angle. The bar 322 shown is solid strap
material, like the offset angle, and has an aligning spacer collar
344 between the fixed panel F and the bar, in place of the pedestal
previously described. The pivot bolt 316 shown may have a
carriage-head 346 on the exterior of the fixed panel F and if so,
preferably has a hardened head. The lock mechanism 330 being
exposed more than in the previous embodiment, preferably has a
hardened casing. The lock mechanism 330 is attached to the end of
the bar 322 by screws or other conventional means, and the keeper
334 is fastened to the edge E of the sliding door as before.
These arrangements make the FIG. 3 embodiment more economical than
the embodiment previously described in reference to FIGS. 2 and
5.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment 400 which is in some respects more
economical than that of FIG. 3, although generally similar as to
the solid type structure of the bar 322 and the pivot structure.
Where the "A" and "B" dimensions (FIG. 1) are the same for a large
number of units to be equipped with the invention, the bars 422 can
be bent to form the offsetting arm 442 and the parallel offset
length 338 integral with the bar, as shown, for maximum economy,
for strength, and for appearance. In this embodiment the offset
portions do not touch the wall in normal use, as they pivot freely
with the bar. A further feature illustrated in FIG. 4 is the
arrangement of the lock 430 which is screwed or otherwise suitably
affixed to the sliding panel S. The keeper 434 is a simple recessed
plate screwed to the side of the end of bar 422. This arrangement
shields the lock mechanism from the exterior and may be employed
with other embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 5 was discussed in conjunction with FIG. 2.
FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 illustrate an embodiment 600 of the
invention especially well suited for use in installations in which
no center member is available on the fixed panel, represented by F1
or F2, FIGS. 6 or 7, or in which drilling holes through the fixed
member would be undesirable. As best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a
latching "Z" section, channel 648 is welded, or is cemented by
epoxy adhesive 650, or otherwise is suitably attached to the fixed
member. The ordinary weather-seal T between the panels makes room
for this to clear the sliding panel. The rectangular tubular bar
622 in this embodiment is provided at an intermediate portion of
the length with a complementary, longitudinal, hook-shaped
extension 650 which engages the latching channel when the bar is
horizontal. Preferably the latching channel faces up and the
hook-shaped channel down so that gravity engagement holds the two
together. According to provisions employed in analogous security
arrangements, an anti-saw strip 654, preferably of blue-temper
spring steel, is loosely positioned in the tubular bar 622 so that
sawing the bar breaks saw teeth and is extremely difficult.
FIG. 8 shows how the bar 622 is held when pivoted up by a stowage
bracket 656 secured to channel C. The bracket has a hole 658
engaging the lock controlled bolt 628 in the free end of the bar in
the up position. The bar has a similar locking arrangement to that
of FIG. 2.
As best shown in FIGS. 6, 8, 9 and 10, the pivot structure of this
embodiment combines jamb and wall engagement with smooth appearance
and inaccessible fastenings. A means for pivotally securing the bar
at a position intermediate the width of the fixed panel is shown as
comprising a generally "J" shaped bracket 660 with perforations 662
in the squared loop 664 of the "J" shape through which anchor bolts
666, FIG. 10, are secured. The anchor bolts pass through the jamb
channel C and into the wall W. The end bolt 624, FIG. 10, protrudes
into the squared loop 664 of the "J" shape and thus into the
channel between flanges C1, C2, of the jamb also, making the
installation extremely rigid and strong. The pivot bolt 616 secures
to the upper arm 668 of the "J" shape in similar manner to that
described in reference to FIG. 2. Both the upper arm and the end
bolt may be offset for clearance as shown.
It can be seen that the area of adhesive attachment of the "Z"
channel can be enormous, as the channel can extend entirely across
the door, if desired.
FIG. 11 illustrates details of a keylock installation in a tubular
bar 1122 in an embodiment 1100 making the bolt-to-keeper engagement
self-aligning, self-concealing, massive, and pleasing in
appearance. A tubular bolt 1128 having a sliding engagement with
the interior of the tubular bar 1122 has a cavity 1170 in the end
which accepts a protrusion 1172 of a keeper 1134 which is screwed
to the moving panel using screw holes 1174. The cavity has
pyramidal sides and the protrusion is in complimentary truncated
pyramid shape so that they tightly self-align on engagement both in
the vertical and in the horizontal direction.
FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment 1200 having the same mechanism as
FIG. 11 except for the parallel-sided protruding keeper 1234 which
has grooves 1276 receiving the tubular end-shape of the bolt 1228,
double securing the engagement. The grooves preferably extend
entirely around the end portion.
FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show the following provisions, described in the
reference numeral system of FIG. 11. When the bolt 1128 is
retracted by thumb lever 1132, which screws into tapped hole 1178
in the bolt through slotted holes 1180 in the bar, spring 1182 is
compressed by the end 1184 of the bolt and tends to force the bolt
1128 outward. Obviously the thumb lever could be press fitted to
save costs in production. Spring 1182 is held by spring plate 1186
which is welded or otherwise suitably affixed to tubular bar 1122.
Lock 1130 has a conventional U-shaped lock clamp 1188 which engages
groove 1190 in the lock when the lock is inserted through hole 1192
in the bar, and secures the lock in place. Lock bolt plate 1194
rotates to lock the bolt 1128 in the extended position. 1196 is a
clearance notch in the bolt. In the locked position, the lock bolt
plate 1194 engages ramp 1198 in the bolt.
Structure not illustrated in FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 may be like that
of preceding embodiments employing tubular bars.
FIG. 13 shows an embodiment 1300 having a more conventional lock
arrangement with solid bolt 1328 protruding into recessed keeper
1334 which is affixed to sliding panel S. The entire assembly of
the lock is contained in a tubular housing 1300 which fits inside
bar 1328 and has an outward terminal flange 1302 at the end of the
bar. Lock cylinder 1330 passes through hole 1392 in the bar and
hole 1304 in the housing and is held in place by interference press
fit on assembly.
Lock pin 1394 protrudes eccentrically from the rear of lock 1330
and engages the sides of a recess 1306 in the bolt 1328 to lock the
bolt in extended position.
From the foregoing it can be seen that this invention in the
various embodiments provides numerous advantages.
The locks themselves may be any of various small cylindrical locks
commercially available, such as those extensively used on vending
machines, security cabinets and small safes and sold by the
Illinois, Yale, Corbin companies, etc. The "ACE" lock sold by the
Chicago Lock Company is a specific lock which exemplifies the type
and size illustrated in FIG. 13; a "cam lock" type is shown in FIG.
12.
The bar assembly may have sufficient friction applied through the
friction washer described to prevent the bar from falling when
released, or a bellville type or other spring washer may be used
for the purpose.
Installation of the invention is extremely simple, at most
requiring simple drilling for attachments such as self-tapping and
anchor screws, and if desired, sawing to length before
installation. The bar may be mounted at any height which allows
room for the pivoted end of the bar to swing when the bar is
rotated to an up-and-down position, although waist level is most
convenient for ordinary installations.
The assembly consists of few parts, simply made, and all attached;
there is little to malfunction and nothing to detach and become
misplaced.
Materials ranging from mild steel, such as 1010, to 7075 T--6
aluminum alloy will be found suitable, since material is less
critical than in more complex devices, bending loads being
minimized by the design of the invention. Wall thicknesses of 0.125
inch in aluminum tubing of 1 .times. 2 inch sectional outside
dimension will be found sufficient in all cases.
The device in the general embodiment is adapted for use without
modification in lefthand or in righthand installations.
Finally the quadruple-locking action of the invention locks at four
places: (1) at the lock-controlled bolt at the free end; (2) at the
end bolt at the pivoted end; (3) between the sliding panel and the
wall or jamb; and (4) at the pivot connection with the fixed
panel.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in light of the above teachings.
It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the
appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as
specifically described.
* * * * *