U.S. patent number 3,820,130 [Application Number 05/376,434] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-25 for golf instruction device.
Invention is credited to Floyd S. Cornelison, Jr., Robert L. Turner.
United States Patent |
3,820,130 |
Cornelison, Jr. , et
al. |
June 25, 1974 |
GOLF INSTRUCTION DEVICE
Abstract
Apparatus is disclosed for golf instruction utilizing a golf
club with illuminated lines for quickly available photographic
recording and development with respect to a reference line, the
recorded pattern of the swing before, when and after the club
strikes the ball showing the nature of the swing, the position of
the golf club head and the speed of the head.
Inventors: |
Cornelison, Jr.; Floyd S.
(Philadelphia, PA), Turner; Robert L. (Philadelphia,
PA) |
Family
ID: |
23485020 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/376,434 |
Filed: |
July 5, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
396/263; 396/310;
396/351; 473/220; 473/267; 396/429; 434/252 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03B
29/00 (20130101); A63B 69/36 (20130101); A63B
24/0003 (20130101); G03B 15/00 (20130101); A63B
69/3614 (20130101); A63B 2220/806 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/36 (20060101); G03B 29/00 (20060101); G03B
15/00 (20060101); A63B 69/00 (20060101); G03b
019/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;95/11,11.5,36 ;352/84
;273/186 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Horan; John M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wobensmith, 2nd; Zachary T.
Wobensmith, III; Zachary T.
Claims
We claim:
1. A golf instruction device comprising
a golf club having a head with visible linear indicia on at least
one face portion thereof, and
means for photographically recording successive positions of the
club head indicia upon movement of the club head,
said means comprising a target with respect to which said club head
is movable by a player,
a camera member having a film holder and a shutter mechanism for
successive exposure to said film holder corresponding to successive
positions of the club head contiguous to said target, and
a reflecting member in fixed relation to said target for image
transfer of successive positions of said linear indicia in relation
to the target to the camera member,
said golf club head having visible linear indicia on a plurality of
face portions thereof,
said reflecting member being alinged for image transfer from one
face portion of said club head, and
an additional reflecting member for simultaneous image transfer to
said camera from another related face portion of said club
head.
2. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
said camera has a lens system and a member for delivery of aligned
images in spaced relation to said camera.
3. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
a time exposure shutter is provided for said camera, and
means is provided to initiate opening movement of said time
exposure shutter.
4. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 3 in which
said last mentioned means includes light sensitive elements
responsive to movement of a portion of the golf club
therebetween.
5. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 3 in which
said time exposure shutter is motor operated.
6. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
said shutter mechanism includes a rotatable shutter disc with a
plurality of slits therein for successive image transfer
therethrough.
7. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
said golf club head has said visible indicia on a top and an edge
face thereof,
said reflecting member is aligned for image transfer from said top
face, and
an additional reflecting member is provided for simultaneous image
transfer to said camera from said edge face.
8. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 7 in which
said visible indicia includes a light source insertable in a
portion of said golf club with light transmitting members
interiorly disposed within said golf club.
9. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
a matte is provided for the reception of said target,
a collapsible support is provided on which said camera member and
one of said reflecting members are supported, and
said other reflecting member is carried by said support.
10. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 5 in which
a timing circuit including a time delay member is provided for said
time exposure shutter.
11. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
said shutter mechanism includes an external shutter and a shutter
member for transfer of spaced images to said camera, and
said external shutter and said shutter member are motor
operated.
12. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 11 in which
a time delay circuit is provided controlling the motor for said
external shutter.
13. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 1 in which
electrical control means is provided for said first mentioned
means.
14. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 13 in which
said electrical control means includes a trigger circuit.
15. A golf instruction device as defined in claim 13 in which
said electrical control means includes a timing circuit.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a golf instruction device with which a
quickly available record of the swing of a golfer is made
available.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various devices have heretofore been proposed for recording the
stroke of a golfer for purposes of analysis.
Examples are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,070,373; 3,173,348;
3,408,750; and 3,649,029. Aitken, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,158,211, shows
a light on a golf club head for observing the action of the
head.
The golf club heads heretofore available were not adequately shock
resistant as to their light sources and the recording equipment
heretofore available was complex, was not adequately reliable, did
not provide a suitable record for study and analysis and had other
shortcomings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention apparatus is provided for
recording and making quickly available to a golf player information
as to the nature of the swing before, at and after the club strikes
a golf ball, the position of the club head before impact, at impact
and after impact, and the speed of the golf club head, photographic
recording apparatus having been provided for recording the position
of a golf club head having top and front illuminated light lines
movable with respect to a reference light line from a source.
It is the principal object of the invention to provide a golf
instruction device with which the characteristics of the swing of a
golf club head by a player can be easily recorded and quickly made
available for inspection and study.
It is a further object of the invention to provide apparatus of the
character aforesaid which is portable, can be readily set up for
use, indoors or outdoors as desired, and which does not require a
high degree of skill to operate.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a simple but
effective golf club head with line illumination and which is
particularly useful for golf instruction
Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the
description and claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be
more readily understood from the following description taken in
connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a view in elevation of a preferred form of golf club for
use in connection with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical central sectional view of the upper end of the
shaft of the club of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view, enlarged, of the exterior of the head
of the club of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the club head of FIG.
1;
FIG. 5 is a view in perspective of a stand with camera, reflecting
mirrors and other equipment set up for use;
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the camera carried on the stand
platform;
FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the light paths;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view showing one of the photoelectric
switches carried on the stand;
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the collapsible
struts which facilitate packing and quick assembly for use;
FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view, enlarged, showing further detail of
the lens and shutter structure of the camera;
FIG. 11 is a diagrammatic view, taken approximately on the line
11--11 of FIG. 10 and showing further detail of the camera
structure;
FIG. 12 is an illustrative photograph of the swing of a golfer;
FIG. 13 is a view in elevation of a golfer taking a practice swing
as seen facing the golfer, parts of the recording structure being
omitted for clarity;
FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the golfer of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a side elevational view showing the relation of the
reference light beam and recording of the top and front positions
of the club head; and
FIG. 16 is a wiring diagram illustrating the power supply, the
terminal strip, the motor circuit, the trigger circuit and the
timing circuit.
It should, of course, be understood that the description and
drawings herein are illustrative merely and that various
modifications and changes can be made in the structure disclosed
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, a preferred form
of golf club 20 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. The shaft 21 of the golf
club 20 has a handle portion 22 for gripping by the hands of the
golfer. The handle portion 22 is preferably hollow for the
insertion of a flashlight casing 23 with conventional dry cells 24
in series, with a lamp 25 and an on-off switch and rheostat 26
accessible at the end of the handle portion 22 for manual
operation. The flashlight casing 23 can be retained in position in
any desired manner such as by frictional engagement of the lamp 25
in a resilient ring 27 within the handle portion 22.
The club head 30, at the end of the shaft 21, is preferably
provided on the top face 31, with termini 32 of fiber optic strands
to be described, and the top face 31 and front side 33 are
preferably provided with transverse line termini 35 and 36 of fiber
optic strands, the line 35, 36 being in a plane parallel to the
face 37 of the club head 30 which strikes the ball. The line 32
extends to and is in a plane perpendicular to the portion of the
striking face 37 which should strike the ball.
Within the interior of the club head 30, a plurality of fiber optic
strands 39 are provided, extending from the termini 32, 35, 36 and
upwardly within the shaft 21 to a fixed stop 40 providing a
terminus for the strands 39 for illumination by the lamp 25. The
illumination of the strands 39 is effective for illuminating lines
32 and 35, 36.
While the club head 30 is illustrated as in the form of a driver or
other wood club, other heads, including irons, could be
employed.
A platform 42 is detachably secured by bolts 43 and 44 to
intersecting struts 45 connected at their intersections by pins 47.
The struts 45 are preferably hinged above and below the pin 47 as
shown in FIG. 9, by hinges 48. The contiguous portions of the
struts 45 are detachably held together by screws 49 engageable in
threaded openings 50. Upon removal of the screws 49 the struts 45
can be collapsed about the hinges 48 to positions shown in broken
line in FIG. 9 for storage and shipping in a shipping case 52.
The bottom ends of the struts 45 can be connected by links 53 held
by screws 54, and one of the struts 45 can be detachably secured to
the shipping case 52 by screws 55 to impart stability to the
platform 42.
A horizontal matte 58 is preferably provided of non-reflecting dark
green material and may be of textile fabric or synthetic plastic
material with a nap to simulate the turf of a golf driving tee
area. The matte 58 can be provided with pivotally mounted spikes 59
which can be turned horizontally when the matte 58 is used indoors
and can be turned downwardly when the matte 58 is used out of doors
to provide greater stability.
The matte 58 provides an area over which the club 20 may be swung
in the usual manner and can, if desired be provided with a
centrally located flexible tee or other golf ball support 60 for
the reception of a ball 61 to serve as a target for the swing.
The ball 61 can be a regulation golf ball, a plastic golf ball or a
simulated golf ball as desired and dependent on the place of
use.
The platform 42 is so located that it and its associated structure
does not interfere with the swinging of the club 20 over the matte
58.
The platform 42 has a camera housing 64 carried thereon with a
camera 65 therein provided with a film holder 66 for a supply of
rapid development film F. A lens system 67, and an internal shutter
68 are provided, the shutter 68 being controlled by a motor M2, and
in front of the lens system 67 a rotatable time exposure shutter 70
is provided, driven by an electric motor M3 and with a shield
portion 72 to prevent access of light to the lens system when the
internal shutter 68 is opened just prior to a swing, as hereinafter
explained.
A rotating multi-exposure synchronized shutter disc 74 is provided
in the housing 64 and is provided with a plurality of spaced slits
75, four being shown to provide four exposures per revolution of
the shutter disc 74. The shutter disc 74 is driven by motor M1
having a rotor 78 on the shaft 79 to which the shutter disc 74 is
secured.
A lower rear mirror 82 is provided for reflection of conditions at
the front face 33 of the club head 30.
An upper front mirror 84 is provided for reflection of conditions
at the top face 31 of the club head 30. The mirror 84 is carried on
brackets 85 mounted on the platform 42.
A prism 86 brings to the lens system 67 reflected beams from the
mirrors 82 and 84 to correlate the conditions at the front side 33
and the top face 31 of the club head 30 for simultaneous recording.
The camera housing 64 has a transparent front wall 69 for entry of
images.
The platform 42 carries one unit P-C of a photo-electric switch
S-2, being placed on the ground or floor near the matte 58 and
either to the right or to the left of the golfer, dependent on the
handedness of the golfer. A signal light 87 on the platform 42
relates to the alignment and sensitivity of photo-electric units
L-1 and P-C, as described later. The beam of light 88 between the
units L-1 and P-C, upon interruption, such as by the passage of the
shaft 21 of the golf club 20 during full back swing, is used to
open the time exposure shutter 70.
A conductor 89 is provided which is adapted to be connected to any
suitable source of electrical energy such as 115 volt a.c. for
supplying electrical energy to the equipment. An on-off switch S-2
is provided for foot operation. A conductor 92 extends to the unit
S-2. A manually operable on-off switch S-1 is provided to control
the energization of the transformer T-1 and also motors M-3 and
M-1, and to open the shutter 68 and operate when the motor M-2 is
energized.
Referring now to FIG. 16, a wiring diagram is there shown which
includes a plug P-1, connected through a circuit breaker B-1 to an
isolation-low voltage transformer T-1 as part of the power supply.
The secondary of the transformer T-1 has conductors for power
supply at 115 volts a.c. to taps 1 and 2 of a terminal strip
T-S.
A main on-off switch S-1 can be provided in the power supply
circuitry.
The secondary of the transformer T-1 also has conductors for power
supply through a low voltage rectifier D-1 and filter C-1 at 12
volts d.c. to taps 3 and 4 of the terminal strip T-S.
A motor circuit is provided, controlled by a trigger circuit and a
timing circuit, to control the disc motor M-1 operating the disc
74, to control the internal shutter motor M-2 to operate the
internal shutter 68, and to control the motor M-3 to operate the
external shutter 72.
Activation of the taps 1 and 2 is also effective to energize the
lamp L-1, a photo-electric cell lamp.
A trigger circuit is provided which includes the photoelectric cell
P-C responsive to interruption of light from the lamp L-1, has a
sensitivity control resistor R-1, resistor R-2 and diode SCR to
control the relay K-1 through taps 5 and 6 and to control the reset
through taps 12 and 13.
A timing circuit is also provided which includes winding of relay
K-1 and its contacts, the relay K-2 and its contacts, the switch
S-3 movable to a "ready" or "set" position as desired, and the time
delay relay TR-1 to time the operation of the relay K-2.
The mode of operation will now be pointed out.
The structure in assembled condition may be used indoors or out of
doors in a shaded area.
The camera film holder 66 is loaded with film F. The conductor P-1
is connected to a suitable source of electrical energy.
When the switch S-1 is closed, the primary of the transformer T-1
is energized. The primary is protected by circuit breaker B-1. The
secondary of the transformer T-1 consists of a 115 volt winding and
a 12 volt winding. The 12 volt winding is rectified by diode D-1,
filtered by the filter C-1, and applied to terminals 3 and 4 of the
terminal strip T-S. Electric energy at 115 volts is immediately
applied to the motor M-1 which operates the rotating disk shutter
74 thru terminals 1 and 2 which provide a 115 volt source.
The inclusion in the trigger circuit of the SCR and photo cell P-C
provide for variable sensitivity by adjustment of resistor R-1 and
the photo cell P-C in series. When the photo cell P-C changes
resistance, the balance condition is upset allowing the gate of the
SCR to trigger on. When the SCR conducts relay K-1 is energized
which in turn energizes the delay relay TR-1 which may be varied
from 1 to 10 seconds duration. The relay K-1 is also energized and
lights the test lamp L-2 depending on the position of switch S-3.
If the switch S-3 is in its "ready" position the camera shutter 72
will be operated by the motor M-3.
Closing of the foot switch S-2 is effective to latch relay K-3 in
energized condition and it is held until broken by the energizing
of relay K-2. The relay K-2 is energized when the contacts of the
delay relay TK-1 are closed. This also opens the SCR and the
circuit recycles.
It should be noted that the photo-electric cell unit P-C and L-1
can be aligned mechanically by stretching an elastic cord from the
photo-electric housing P-C to the photo-electric light source L-1.
The switch S-3 is placed on "set" position and the sensitivity
control R-1 is rotated counterclockwise. The lamp L-2 then will
light. The sensitivity control rheostat R-1 is rotated until the
lamp L-2 turns off. At this point the photo-electric cell unit is
at maximum sensitivity, ready to activate the time exposure shutter
70 by its motor M-2 when the light beam 88 is interrupted by the
backswing of the club shaft 21. This allows for trial backswings to
test the time exposure mechanism without triggering the
photographic recording mechanism. When the player is ready to
record his swing, the switch S-3 is moved to "ready" position. Then
the photo-electric cell unit will operate to activate the full
photographic recording system.
The player places a ball 61 or other desired target on the tee
60.
The foot switch S-2 is activated, activating internal shutter 68 by
its motor M-2.
The switch S-4 on the golf club handle 22 is moved to its on
position illuminating lamp, L-3 and through fiber optic strands 39
the line of termini 32 and the line of termini 35, 36.
The player takes a golf stance and prepares to hit the ball 61.
As the player moves club 20 in full backswing, club shaft 21
interrupts light beam 88 of the photoelectric cell unit S1-S2,P-C
and L-1 activating the trigger circuit, and thereby activating
motor M-3 to open time exposure shutter 70. It may be noted that
the time exposure shutter 70, when opened, remains open for a fixed
period of about three or four seconds, i.e., long enough for a
backswing and a full forward swing, and then closes automatically.
During that time interval the rotary shutter disc 74 is operating
at a constant speed so that a series of spaced photographs can be
made.
As the club is swung forward the line of termini 32 and 35, 36
through mirrors 82 and 84 and prism 86 make available in sequence
the paths of those lines for recording on the film.
The successive positions of the head 30 of the golf club 20 before
striking the ball 61, at the moment of impact with the ball 61, and
after impact are photographically recorded, the successive
movements of the top face 31 of the club head 30 being reflected by
the mirror 84 to the prism 86 and therefrom onto the film F.
Simultaneously, the successive and corresponding positions of the
front side 33 of club head 30 are reflected by mirror 82 to prism
86 and therefrom onto the film F.
When the player has completed a full forward swing the time
exposure shutter 70 and the internal shutter 68 close
automatically.
The switch S-4 on the end of the club handle 22 is moved to its off
position.
The tab T of the film F is pulled and the film development is
started, approximately half a minute being required for development
of the finished print.
The print can be mounted on a mounting sheet 100 having appropriate
identifying indicia and retained for study and later comparison.
The procedure can be repeated immediately, if desired.
The recorded pictorial representation of the path of the club head
30 at critical times makes information available immediately, as to
the nature of the player's swing.
The speed of movement of the club head 30 can also be determined,
based upon the spacing of the lines on the photographic print, and
from this it can be inferred that the ball may have reached a
determinable distance after having been struck.
* * * * *