U.S. patent number 3,818,881 [Application Number 05/334,430] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-25 for electrically controlled automatic choke of a carburetor for an internal combustion engine.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Hitachi, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Takeshi Atago, Yukio Hosho.
United States Patent |
3,818,881 |
Hosho , et al. |
June 25, 1974 |
ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC CHOKE OF A CARBURETOR FOR AN
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Abstract
A coiled bimetal element for rotationally moving a choke valve
of an electrically controlled automatic choke is directly heated
through an electric current from a battery, and the current flowing
through the bimetal is adjusted depending upon the atmospheric
temperature and the engine temperature. Further, the current is
reduced to a small amount after the choke valve is fully open.
Inventors: |
Hosho; Yukio (Katsuta,
JA), Atago; Takeshi (Katsuta, JA) |
Assignee: |
Hitachi, Ltd. (Tokyo,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
11937392 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/334,430 |
Filed: |
February 21, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Feb 21, 1972 [JA] |
|
|
47-17204 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
261/39.3;
261/39.6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02M
1/12 (20130101); F02B 1/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F02M
1/00 (20060101); F02M 1/12 (20060101); F02B
1/00 (20060101); F02B 1/04 (20060101); F02d
011/08 (); F02m 001/10 (); F02m 023/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;123/119F ;261/39E |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Burns; Wendell E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Craig and Antonelli
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine comprising:
a choke valve controlling the amount of air flow to the carburetor
during the starting period of the internal combustion engine;
a rotatable shaft fixed to said choke valve for moving the
same;
a coiled bimetal element for rotating said shaft, one end of said
bimetal element being fixed to said shaft and the other end thereof
being fixed to a stationary member;
and control means for supplying an electric current directly to
said bimetal element.
2. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 1, in which said
control means comprises current controlling means for controlling
the current to be supplied to said bimetal element in response to
the atmospheric temperature near the internal combustion
engine.
3. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 2, in which said
control means further comprises current limiting means for limiting
the current to be supplied to said bimetal element, and switching
means for disconnecting said current controlling means from said
bimetal element and connecting said current limiting means to said
bimetal element when said choke valve is fully open.
4. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 3, wherein said
current controlling means includes at least one resistor connected
in series with a temperature responsive switch and an additional
resistor connected across the series combination of said one
resistor and switch.
5. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 4, wherein said
current limiting means includes a control switch operated in
response to a fully open condition of said choke valve and a
current limiting resistor connected in series with a relay actuated
by said control switch to said bimetal element.
6. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine comprising:
a choke valve for controlling the amount of air flow to the
carburetor during the starting period of the internal combustion
engine;
a rotatable shaft fixed to said choke valve for moving the
same;
a coiled bimetal element for rotating said shaft, one end of which
is fixed to said shaft and the other end of which is fixed to a
stationary portion of the carburetor;
a source of current for supplying electric current to said bimetal
element;
first means for limiting the electric current from said source of
current to said bimetal element;
thermal switching means for controlling the resistance value of
said first current limiting means in response to the atmospheric
temperature near the internal combustion engine;
second means for limiting the electric current from said source of
current to said bimetal element;
switching means for disconnecting said first current limiting means
from said source of current and connecting said second current
limiting means to said source of current when said choke valve is
fully open.
7. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 6, wherein said
first means includes first and second resistors connected in
parallel between said source of current and said bimetal element,
said thermal switching means including a thermally responsive
switch connected in series with said second resistor.
8. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 7, wherein said
first means further includes a third resistor connected between
said source of current and said bimetal element and said thermal
switching means further includes a second thermally responsive
switch connected in series with said third resistor.
9. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 8, wherein said
second means includes a control switch operated in response to a
fully open condition of said choke valve and a current limiting
resistor connected in series with a relay actuated by said control
switch to said bimetal element.
10. An electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for
an internal combustion engine comprising:
a choke valve for controlling the amount of air flow to the
carburetor during the starting period of the internal combustion
engine;
a rotatable shaft fixed to said choke valve for moving the
same;
a coiled bimetal element for rotating said shaft, one end of which
is fixed to said shaft and the other end of which is fixed to a
stationary portion of the carburetor;
a source of current for supplying electric current to said bimetal
element through the stationary portion of the carburetor;
a first resistance connected to the stationary portion for limiting
the current from said source of current to said bimetal
element;
a first thermal switch connected to said first resistance in
series, said first thermal switch being operable at a first
predetermined atmospheric temperature near the internal combustion
engine;
a second resistance connected to the stationary portion for
limiting the current from said source of current to said bimetal
element;
a second thermal switch connected to said second resistance in
series, said second thermal switch being operable at a second
predetermined atmospheric temperature near the internal combustion
engine;
a third resistance connected to the stationary portion for limiting
the current from said source of current to said bimetal
element;
a fourth resistance connected to the stationary portion for
limiting the current from said source of current to said bimetal
element;
and switching means for disconnecting said first, second, and third
resistances from said source of current and connecting said fourth
resistance to the same when said choke valve is fully open.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an electrically controlled automatic
choke for a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, which is
particularly suitable to the automatic choke of a carburetor for an
engine having an exhaust gas purifier.
A choke valve of an electrically controlled automatic choke closes
the air supply passageway to the carburetor for increasing the
ratio of the fuel to air mixture during the starting period of the
internal combustion engine. The opening operation of the choke
valve is conventionally controlled by rotational movement of a
coiled bimetal element which is heated indirectly by an electric
heater disposed near the bimetal element. Since the bimetal element
is heated indirectly in such an arrangement, the rapidity of the
movement of the bimetal is limited, particularly, at the normal
atmospheric temperature range, that is, in the range of 10.degree.
- 30.degree.C., with the result that after the engine is warmed up,
the choke valve is often partially closed, that is, overchoked.
Consequently, the amount of harmful exhaust gas containing
hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide emitted from the gasoline engine
increases undesirably.
Further, in the conventional arrangement the opening speed of the
choke valve is independently fixed to the atmospheric temperature
and the engine temperature which also increases the amount of
harmful exhaust gas emitted by the engine. Furthermore, the current
flowing through the heater after the choke valve has been fully
open is unchanged, consequently, the electric power consumption for
maintaining the choke valve in fall open position in a normal
operation of the engine is also unnecessarily large.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to provide an electrically
controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for an internal
combustion engine having a faster response time to the electric
current supplied from the source of current for opening the choke
valve.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an
electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for an
internal combustion engine providing a reduced amount of harmful
exhaust gas from the engine during the starting period thereof.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an
electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for an
internal combustion engine providing variable opening
characteristics for the choke valve depending upon the atmospheric
temperature and the engine temperature.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an
electrically controlled automatic choke for a carburetor for an
internal combustion engine having reduced electric power
consumption during normal engine operation.
An electrically controlled automatic choke of the present invention
comprises a directly heated coiled bimetal element, the rotational
movement of which is transferred to a choke valve for controlling
the opening degree therof, thus regulating the amount of air flow
to the carburetor during the starting period of the internal
combustion engine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric circuit embodying the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of one example of the electric current flowing
through the bimetal element shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the
atmospheric temperature near the internal combustion engine;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the performances of the thermal switches
shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the atmospheric temperature near
the internal combustion engine; and
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the relationship between the opening degree
of the choke valve shown in FIG. 1 and the time after the internal
combustion engine is started.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Choke valve 11 is fixed to a rotatable shaft 12. One end of the
shaft 12 is fixed to an inner end of a coiled bimetal element 13,
the outer end of the coiled bimetal element 13 is electrically and
mechanically connected to a stationary portion 14 of a carburetor
of an internal combustion engine (not shown). Rotational movement
of the bimetal element 13 in response to the temperature therof is
transferred to the shaft 12 for rotation. The rotational movement
of the shaft 12 changes the opening degree of the choke valve 11
for controlling the amount of air flow to the carburetor during the
starting period of the internal combustion engine.
When an ignition key switch 16 is closed for starting the internal
combustion engine, first relay switch 17 is closed. In response to
the closing operation of the ignition key switch 16 and after
detecting that the output voltage of a storage battery 40 is above
a predetermined level, a battery charging switch 18 is closed and
simultaneously a second relay switch 19 is closed through the
closure of the battery charging switch 18.
Thermal switches 20 and 21 are mounted near the internal combustion
engine for detecting the atmospheric temperature which is affected
in that area by the engine temperature. Performance characteristics
of the thermal switches 20 and 21, that is, the on and off states
thereof, with respect to the atmospheric temperature near the
engine, are shown in FIG. 3. The temperatures T.sub.1 and T.sub.2
are, for instance, 0.degree.C. and 10.degree.C. When the
atmospheric temperature is below T.sub.1, both thermal switches 20
and 21 are in the off state, and a first resistance 31 and a second
resistance 32 are disconnected from the storage battery or source
of current 40. The resistance value R.sub.1 of the first resistance
31 is selected to be larger than R.sub.2 of the second resistance
32. Only the third resistance 33, the resistance value of which is
R.sub.3, is connected to the battery 40. As the resistance value of
the bimetal element 13 is R.sub.5, under these conditions, the sum
of the resistance between the battery terminals is R.sub.3 +
R.sub.5. Assuming the output voltage of the storage battery is E,
the current I.sub.0 flowing through the bimetal element 13, as
shown in FIG. 2, is
I.sub.0 = E/(R.sub.3 + R.sub.5)
The bimetal element 13 is directly heated by the current I.sub.0,
thus the inner end of the bimetal element 13 extends spirally and
rotates the shaft 12. As a result, the choke valve 11 begins to
open following the curve 50 of FIG. 4. When the choke valve 11 is
fully open, a switch 22 is closed in response to the full open
position of the choke valve 11 and a third relay switch 23 is
actuated to disconnect the third resistance 33 from the battery 40
and connect a fourth resistance 34 to the battery 40. The
resistance value R.sub.4 of the fourth resistance 34 is selected to
be larger than the resistance value R.sub.3 of the third resistance
33, thus the sum of the resistance between the battery terminals
changes to R.sub.4 + R.sub.5, and the current I.sub.3, that is the
holding current flowing through the bimetal element 13, as shown by
a dotted line in FIG. 2, becomes
I.sub.3 = E/(R.sub.4 + R.sub.5)
With the current I.sub.3, the bimetal element 13 is directly heated
for maintaining the choke valve 11 in the full open position.
When the atmospheric temperature is between T.sub.1 and T.sub.2,
the thermal switch 21 is in the closed position and the thermal
switch 20 is still in the open position, as shown in FIG. 3.
Consequently, the sum of the resistance between the battery
terminals changes to
[R.sub.2 R.sub.3 /(R.sub.2 + R.sub.3)] + R.sub.5
and the current I.sub.1 flowing through the bimetal element 13 is
##SPC1##
as shown in FIG. 2. As a result, the choke valve 11 begins to open
following the curve 60 shown in FIG. 4 through rotational movement
of the bimetal element 13, which is directly heated by the current
I.sub.1. After the choke valve 11 becomes fully open, the second
resistance 32 and third resistance 33 are cut out and the fourth
resistance 34 is put into the circuit by the operation of the third
relay switch 23, as explained previously, and the holding current
I.sub.3 begins to flow through the bimetal element 13 for
maintaining the choke valve 11 in the full open position.
When the atmospheric temperature is above T.sub.2, for example
above 10.degree.C., both of the thermal switches 20 and 21 are in
closed position, as shown in FIG. 3; thus, the sum of the outer
resistance value is
[R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 /(R.sub.1 R.sub.2 + R.sub.2 R.sub.3 +
R.sub.3 R.sub.1)] + R.sub.5
and the current I.sub.2 flowing through the bimetal element 11 is
##SPC2##
as shown in FIG. 2. As a result, the choke valve 11 begins to open
quickly following the curve 70 shown in FIG. 4. That is to say, at
the normal atmospheric temperature range, for example 10.degree. -
30.degree.C., as the choke valve 11 is designed to open relatively
fast, the exhaustion of hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen monoxide
(NO) from the internal combustion engine is reduced. After the
choke valve 11 becomes fully open, the first second, and third
resistances 31, 32, and 33 are cut out and the fourth resistance 34
is put into the circuit by the operation of the third relay switch
23 in response to the full open position of the choke valve 11, as
explained previously, and the holding circuit I.sub.3 begins to
flow in the bimetal element 13 for maintaining the choke valve 11
in the full open position.
The amount of current I.sub.2 flowing through the bimetal element
13, when the atmospheric temperature is above T.sub.2, is, for
example, between 2 and 3 amps and the holding current I.sub.0 is
designed to be about one fifth, or below, of the current I.sub.2.
Consequently, the electric power consumed in the circuit during
normal operation of the engine is reduced.
In the embodiment described above, the current controlling means,
or first current limiting means, comprises the first, second, and
third resistances 31, 32, and 33 and the first and second thermal
switches 20 and 21; however, one branch circuit including a thermal
switch, for example, the first resistance 31 and the first thermal
switch 20, sometimes can be eliminated.
Further, the current controlling means disclosed changes the
current therethrough in a step-by-step manner by reason of the
thermal switches 20 and 21; however, another current controlling
means which changes the current linearly or continuously can also
be applied.
* * * * *