U.S. patent number 3,818,815 [Application Number 05/275,739] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-25 for smudge eliminating variable volume selective pattern control air diffuser.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Connor Engineering Corporation. Invention is credited to Thomas L. Day.
United States Patent |
3,818,815 |
Day |
June 25, 1974 |
SMUDGE ELIMINATING VARIABLE VOLUME SELECTIVE PATTERN CONTROL AIR
DIFFUSER
Abstract
An adjustable flow air diffuser for selectively controlling air
flow from an air distribution system minimizing induction of dirty
air into the discharged air stream to prevent smudging of the
surfaces of the discharge outlet and permitting selection of
desired air distribution patterns. By employing a selectively
adjustable damper plate which is perforated, the damper serves to
effect desired deflection of the primary air stream along paths
transverse to the axis of flow through the diffuser, while some of
the primary air passing axially through the damper acts to prevent
dirt accumulations on the surrounding surfaces. Forming the damper
plate with a slot at the point of securement to the support shaft
serves to permit selective lateral shifting of the damper with
respect to the supply duct axis to selectively vary air
distribution patterns.
Inventors: |
Day; Thomas L. (Brookfield,
CT) |
Assignee: |
Connor Engineering Corporation
(Danbury, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
23053605 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/275,739 |
Filed: |
July 27, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
454/298 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24F
13/068 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24F
13/068 (20060101); F24F 13/06 (20060101); F24f
013/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;98/4D,4B,41AV,108
;239/514,515 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wayner; William E.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An adjustable flow air diffuser comprising: a duct defining an
air flow path, said duct having an outwardly flared truncated
conical portion leading to an air discharge outlet formed with
spaced openings therein; a perforated damper plate positioned in
said truncated conical portion at a spaced distance from said
outlet with the plane of the damper plate lying across the axis of
flow of air through said duct, said damper plate having a radially
extending slot; and a support shaft supporting said damper plate
for selective movement along the duct axis within the axial
distance defined within said truncated conical portion, said damper
plate sildeably connected to said support shaft at said radially
extending slot to permit selective radial shifting of said damper
plate in the air flow path.
2. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 1 in which a second
perforated damper plate substantially identical to said first
mentioned plate is arranged in a plane parallel to that of the
first mentioned damper plate, and both are slideably connected to
supporting means.
3. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 1 in which said
damper plate has a cross-sectional area greater than the minimum
cross-sectional area of said duct, and is movable in the axial
region of said truncated conical portion.
4. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 1 in which said duct
and outwardly flared portion are circular in cross-section, and
said damper plate is circular.
5. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 1 in which said duct
and flared truncated conical portion are circular in cross-section;
and said means supporting said damper plate comprise: a plurality
of arms engaging the interior of said duct and a plate having a
threaded opening is supported by said arms, said plate lying in a
plane transverse to the duct axis, and a threaded support shaft in
said opening, said shaft subject to being screwed into or out of
said opening; said damper plate having a slot, a screw extending
through said slot into engagement with the end of said shaft; and a
second slotted damper plate secured to said shaft by said screw,
whereby the two damper plates may be adjustably positioned to
control the position and size of a flow opening between the two
damper plates and the truncated conical portion.
6. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 1 in which the
perforations of said damper plate are smaller than the openings of
said discharge outlet.
7. An adjustable flow air diffuser as in claim 2 in which the
perforations of said second damper plate are of a size and spacing
similar to the perforations of said first mentioned damper plate.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
This invention relates to the art of air diffusers, and more
particularly to air diffusers providing selective control of volume
flow rate and air distribution patterns of air distributed to a
given area, while at the same time minimizing smudging of the
surface areas adjacent the outlets of the air diffuser.
Air diffusers have long been employed in the air conditioning
industry to provide selective control of air volume flow rates and
air distribution paths from the conditioned air supply system ducts
to the conditioned area.
Such prior art air diffusers have generally employed a plurality of
spaced pivotally mounted vanes, with the adjustment of the angle of
the vanes determining the direction and volume of air flow. The
structure employed to provide for pivotal mounting of the vanes and
the mechanism for effecting vane adjustment is relatively complex
and costly, and is subject to breakdown.
Attempts have been made to reduce cost and likelihood of breakdown
by forming the vanes in a fixed position in a single integral unit
in which turning of the vane unit provides for a change of air
direction. Volume flow rate control is however not possible by
simple rotation of the vane plate and auxiliary dampers are
required if flow rate control is desired, again resulting in an
increase in cost and complexity of mechanism, leading to likelihood
of breakdown.
Additionally, perennial problems with the previously employed air
diffusers have arisen from the entrainment of dirt in the
conditioned air stream with deposit of this dirt as smudges on the
surface areas surrounding the air discharge openings of the
diffusers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
It is with the above considerations in mind that the instant
invention has been evolved providing a simple efficient selectively
and, if desired, automatically controlled variable volume flow rate
air diffuser in which air volume flow rates and distribution paths
may be selectively controlled depending on desired conditions, with
little or no smudging of the surfaces in the conditioned areas
surrounding the outlets of the diffusers.
It is accordingly among the objects of this invention to provide a
simple air diffuser subject to fabrication at relatively low cost
and simple to use and maintain.
A further object of the invention is to provide an air diffuser
minimizing smudging of surface areas adjacent the discharge opening
of the diffuser when operatively positioned.
Another object of the invention is to provide an air diffuser which
may be selectively adjusted to control the volume flow rate of air
flow.
An additional object of the invention is to provide an air diffuser
which may be selectively adjusted to provide air flow patterns
directing air from the diffuser to one side, two sides, three sides
or four sides of the diffuser outlet.
These and other objects of the invention which will become
hereafter apparent are achieved by forming the diffuser with a duct
having an outwardly flared portion leading to the air discharge
outlet of the diffuser. Arranged in the air flow path through the
outwardly flared portion of the diffuser duct is a perforated plate
mounted on a support shaft so that the perforated diffuser plate
may be shifted along the axis of the duct flow path to bring the
plane of the diffuser plate closer to or further from the plane of
the discharge outlet as a result of which dampering of the air flow
is obtained to control volume flow rate of flow. Additionally, the
position of the damper plate with respect to the outlet will
control lateral deflection of the air stream at the outlet. By
forming the damper plate with a slot at its point of securement to
the support shaft, the damper plate may be laterally shifted with
respect to the duct axis so that the dampering effect will be
greater at certain portions of the air stream than others to
thereby produce a deflection of discharge of air from the outlet,
thus providing for selective control of air discharge patterns. By
employing two perforated damper plates, one shiftable over the
other, the steps in the range of selective control of distribution
pattern may be increased.
A feature of the invention resides in the use of a perforated
damper plate to permit some primary air flow through the damper,
thus minimizing smudging.
Another feature of the invention resides in the fact that by the
use of a simple perforated plate formed with a slit at its point of
attachment to an axially shiftable supporting shaft, the threefold
functions of 1) volume flow rate to achieve air balancing; 2)
pattern control; and 3) smudge elimination may be attained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The specific details of the invention and how to make and use same
and the best mode contemplated of carrying out the invention will
be described in clear concise and exact terms in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view through a diffuser embodying
the inventive concept;
FIG. 2 is a view on line 2--2 of FIG. 1 looking down on the damper
plate showing a preferred mode of supporting the damper plates in
the diffuser duct;
FIG. 3 is a view on line 3--3 of FIG. 1 looking up at the diffuser
outlet above the plane of the outlet grid face plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an arrangement of the damper
plates to provide for air distribution over a 360.degree. diffusion
path;
FIG. 5 shows the damper plates laterally shifted in the discharge
duct to provide three-way distribution such as would be desired
where the diffuser is adjacent a wall;
FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of two damper plates oriented to
provide two-way distribution such as would be desired in a corner
installation of the diffuser;
FIG. 7 shows a two damper plate arrangement providing two-way
opposite distribution, such as would be desired in a narrow
corridor;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a pair of damper plates shifted to a
position providing for one-way throw of the distributed air stream
such as may be desired at the end of a corridor; and
FIG. 9 is a schematic elevational view of another embodiment of the
inventive concept in a diffuser provided with means for
automatically controlling volume flow rate.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMOBIDMENTS
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, like numerals in
the various FIGS. will be employed to designate like parts.
As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the air diffuser 10 embodying the
inventive concepts is illustratively shown as formed with a duct 11
defining an air flow path 12, which as understood by those skilled
in the art, flows downwardly in the schematically illustrated
diffuser 10 from an air supply source such as air conditioning or
heating equipment. Duct 11 is formed with an outwardly flared
portion 14 leading to diffuser outlet 16, which is illustratively
shown as provided with a grid face plate, which as understood by
those skilled in the art, is of a perforate construction.
The diffuser duct 10 is preferably formed of sheet metal and is
illustratively shown as circular in cross-section transitioning
after flared duct portion 14 to a rectangular face 20 underlying
grid face plate 18.
Duct 11 is formed in the illustrated embodiment with a
circumferential dimple 23 for supporting a spider support 25.
Spider support 25, as best seen in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed with
three arms 26, 27 and 28 each contoured at its end with a curve to
engage duct dimple 23. Arms 26, 27 and 28 extend from triangular
center plate and support this center plate 29 in a plane transverse
to the longitudinal axis of duct 11 with the center of plate 29
lying on the longitudinal axis of duct 11. An internally threaded
opening 32 is formed at the center of plate 29, and a threaded
support shaft 34 is screwed into this opening 32 to permit
selective adjustment of the degree of insertion of shaft 34 in
plate opening 32.
The lower end of support shaft 32, as best seen in FIGS. 1 and 3 is
formed with a threaded recess receiving machine bolt 35 which
serves to retain a lower washer 37 on shaft 34.
A perforated damper 40 is mounted on shaft 34 above lower washer 37
as best seen in FIG. 1. Damper 40 is preferably formed of a
configuration approximately the cross-section of duct 11
immediately after transition into flared duct portion 14, so that
when support shaft 34 is screwed into spider plate aperture 32, the
damper will be brought up to a portion extending substantially over
the air flow path through duct 11. In the illustrated embodiment
damper 40 is in the form of a circular plate with a diameter
slightly larger than the internal diameter of duct 11.
Damper 40 is formed with a plurality of perforations 42 distributed
over the area of the damper, and is provided with a central
radially extending attaching slot 45 of a width slightly larger
than the thickness of support shaft bolt 35 and less than the
diameter of washer 37, so that damper 40 may be freely slid
laterally with respect to shaft 34. Slot 45 is preferably selected
of a length such that damper 40 may be laterally shifted from a
position coaxial with that of the duct 11 to a position tangent
with the flared duct portion 14.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1-8, a
second perforated damper 50 is provided overlying first above
described damper 40 which is identical to damper 40. Top washer 52
overlies top damper 50 as seen in FIG. 1 to sandwich and maintain
dampers 40 and 50 on support shaft 34.
In the embodiment of the invention schematically shown in FIG. 9,
volume flow rate is automatically obtained by use of a motor 60 to
position damper support shaft 34. An air motor such as Robert Shaw
motor model M552 may be satisfactorily employed with the damper
support shaft 34 coupled to the motor shaft to effect shifting of
the damper plate along the axis of flared portion 14 of duct
11.
OPERATION
In use, the above described air diffuser is installed in
conventional fashion in an area where air is to be directed, with
the diffuser usually arranged in the ceiling of the area and
coupled to conventionally employed ductwork employed in directing
air from air conditioning or heating equipment to the area.
Volume flow rate of air, and air distribution patterns from the
diffuser are selectively controlled by selective positioning of the
damper 40, alone where one damper is used, or by selectively
positioning both dampers 40 and 50 where two dampers are used.
In using a single damper 40, the volume flow rate of air flow is
controlled by positioning the damper at a greater of lesser
distance from the throat of duct 11 formed at the transition of the
duct 11 to flared duct portion 14. Thus, at the extreme upward
position of the damper as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 9, there will be
maximum throttling of the air stream with mimimum volume flow rate
of air, while at the lowermost position of the damper as viewed in
FIGS. 1 and 9, throttling will be at a minimum and the volume flow
rate of air at a maximum, with intermediate damper positions
providing volume flow rate of between maximum and minimum.
Selective positioning of the damper between the aforedescribed
positions of maximum and minimum flow is accomplished in the FIG. 1
embodiment by turning threaded support shaft 34 to screw it further
into or out of engagement in threaded support plate aperture
32.
In the FIG. 9 embodiment, actuation of motor 60 serves to move
damper support shaft 34 axially.
In order to selectively vary air distribution paths, the damper may
be laterally shifted with respect to the axis of the duct, so as to
throttle one or the other side of the air flow path thereby
deflecting the air stream.
Where a single damper 40 is employed, the air distribution pattern
may be of a four-way type as shown in FIG. 4 by positioning the
damper coaxially with the duct. Should deflection of the air stream
be desired to a side of the diffuser, the damper 40 is laterally
shifted along slot 45 after screw 35 is loosened, with the damper
shifted to the side of the diffuser opposite to the side from which
air flow is desired, as schematically shown in FIG. 5.
A greater degree of selectivity of distribution patterns can be
obtained by utilizing two damper plates 40 and 50 as illustratively
shown. Thus two-way throw such as might be desired at a corner
installation of the diffuser can be obtained as shown in FIG. 6 by
orienting the slots 45 of the dampers 40 and 50 at right angles to
each other and shifting the dampers laterally with respect to
support shaft 34.
Where two-way opposed throw of the air stream is desired, as may be
required of a diffuser positioned in the center of a corridor, the
dampers 40 and 50 are laterally shifted in opposite directions as
shown in FIG. 7.
Constrained one-way air throw as may be desired from a diffuser at
the end of a corridor is obtained by orienting the dampers 40 and
50 as shown in FIG. 8.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a variety of
structures may be employed to support the slotted perforated
dampers in the diffuser duct subject to selective movement of the
dampers, shifting the dampers laterally to effect air distribution
patterns, and moving them axially to regulate air volume. In the
illustrated preferred embodiments a simple structure has been
provided in which lateral shifting of the dampers is accomplished
simply by loosening screw 35 freeing dampers 40 and/or 50 so that
they may be slid laterally along slot 45. After a given desired
damper position is obtained, screw 45 is tightened to securely grip
the dampers between washers 37 and 52 at the end of support shaft
34. Axial movement of the dampers to adjust rate of volume flow is
effected by screwing shaft 34 with respect to spider plate 29.
Suitable lockwashers may be employed to fix the position of the
shaft 34 with respect to plate 29. Axial movement of the damper
support shaft 34 may also be effected automatically as in FIG. 9 by
use of a motor 60.
It will be noted that the perforations 42 in the damper serves to
breathe some of the primary air from the diffuser through the
damper plate and also through the perforated face plate 18 of the
diffuser. It is found that this breathing of the primary air serves
to minimize smudge accumulations on the surface areas of the
diffuser outlet. This appears due to the fact that the flow of
primary air through the diffuser perforations projects below the
diffuser surface meeting the upward flowing ambient air preventing
the ambient air from reaching and depositing dirt on the surface of
the diffuser.
It has been found that in utilizing two damper plates 40 and 50
with perforations in the plates of substantially equal size and
spacing, that the volume air flow rate remains substantially the
same when one damper plate is shifted with respect to the other,
since through throttling a greater portion of duct cross-section,
the flow rate through the single layer of damper plate is
increased.
It is thus seen that applicant has provided a relatively simple,
inexpensive and easily maintainable air diffuser serving to permit
selective control of volume flow rate, and air flow patterns, and
minimizing smudges on surfaces adjacent the diffuser.
The above disclosure has been given by way of illustration and
elucidation and not by way of limitation and it is desired to
protect all embodiments of the herein disclosed inventive concept
within the scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *