U.S. patent number 3,818,153 [Application Number 05/272,780] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-18 for pushbutton switch assembly for keyboards including a bridging conductive, elastomeric diaphragm type contact.
Invention is credited to Tibor Arvai.
United States Patent |
3,818,153 |
Arvai |
June 18, 1974 |
PUSHBUTTON SWITCH ASSEMBLY FOR KEYBOARDS INCLUDING A BRIDGING
CONDUCTIVE, ELASTOMERIC DIAPHRAGM TYPE CONTACT
Abstract
A pushbutton bears on its front face an elastomer conductive
layer, conductive of electricity, of elastomer or elastic material
and of limited area, which serves to close a circuit between two
conductors of an array; moreover, between the latter and said layer
there is arranged an insulating support exhibiting a pre-formed
multiplicity of seats the positioning and arrangement of which are
designed to be able to receive and hold each one ball or pellet or
other equivalent intermediate member so that it can make contact on
the one hand with the said conductors and on the other hand, when
the pushbutton is depressed, with the said layer. Such an
arrangement allows the use of coded combinations of contacts in a
keyboard comprising a set of these pushbuttons.
Inventors: |
Arvai; Tibor (75 Paris,
FR) |
Family
ID: |
9080986 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/272,780 |
Filed: |
July 18, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
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Jul 27, 1971 [FR] |
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71.27453 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
200/5A; 200/263;
200/517; 200/DIG.29 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
1/029 (20130101); H01H 13/70 (20130101); H01H
1/403 (20130101); Y10S 200/29 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
13/70 (20060101); H01H 1/029 (20060101); H01H
1/12 (20060101); H01H 1/02 (20060101); H01H
1/40 (20060101); H01h 013/54 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/1R,5R,5A,11R,11DA,11K,16C,159R,159B,166C,DIG.29 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scott; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Breiner; A. W.
Claims
I claim:
1. A contact device having a rest position and an operative
position and comprising an elastic layer conductive of electricity
and of elastic material, a push-button for actuating said contact
device provided with spring means for repelling said push-button in
said rest position and retention means for maintaining said layer
on the inner operative face of said push-button, an insulating
plate having a network of electrical conductors affixed on its
surface facing the operative face of said push-button at a distance
in the rest position, a plurality of tiny solid elements, some of
which are conductive of electricity and each being in contact with
a corresponding one of said conductors by their side opposed to
said push-button, an insulating support which is distant from said
layer in rest position, interposed between said layer and network
of conductors and provided with a predetermined multiplicity of
seats, each retaining therein one individual element, each of said
elements corresponding to an individual conductor so that said
conductive element in contact with one conductor can also on its
opposite face make contact with said layer when said push-button is
depressed in operative position contrary to said spring means.
2. A device as in claim 1, in which said solid elements are balls
of material conductive of electricity at least at the surface and
in predetermined limited number are seated in seats of which the
positions are predetermined in order to effect a coded combination
of connections between conductors which can vary as a function of
these positions.
3. A device as in claim 2, in which the said limit number is
two.
4. A device as in claim 2, in which one of said balls comes into
contact with one of said conductors connected to one pole of the
supply voltage and other conductors are connected to the other
pole, said one of the balls being slightly smaller than the other
balls.
5. A device as in claim 1, in which in certain of the seats an
insulating element is seated, for example of glass.
6. A device as in claim 1, in which said elastic or elastomeric
layer has an annular shape encircling the axis of said
push-button.
7. A device as in claim 1, in which said means of retention
comprise at the end of said push-button roughnesses which can
penetrate the material of said elastic layer.
8. A device as in claim 1, in which said face of the end of said
push-button is provided opposite the positions of said seats with
hollows enabling slight flexing of said elastic layer into
them.
9. A device as in claim 1, in which said support has a plate shape
and in which the different seats for said solid elements are
distributed round the axis of said push-button.
10. A combination of contact devices as in claim 9, in which the
said contact devices are at least partially joined side-by-side to
form a keyboard with said array of conductors following a path
passing underneath each of said devices, said support-plate being
suitably orientated and the positions of said balls being selected
to effect a distinct combination characteristic of each individual
device.
11. A contact device as in claim 1, in which a flexible fabric
covers the top of each body of said device, which has an
appropriate hollow shape, ensuring its airtightness.
Description
The present invention concerning electrical switches or like
members refers more particularly to devices with electrical
contacts with pushbuttons capable of forming a keyboard and
suitable for establishing electrical connections in a network or
array of electrical conductors in accordance with combinations
predetermined and preferably marked on top of the actuating buttons
of the corresponding devices.
Combinations of devices are already known for the same purpose,
with contacts arranged above an array of printed conductors, in
which the plunger of the device, of pushbutton species, is provided
with a small portion of conductive elastomer so that pressing the
button which is integral with the plunger produces the application
of the elastomer portion to the two conductors to be connected
together which are situated underneath, and the establishment of a
circuit. Such devices, capable of forming a keyboard, are
convenient to handle and inexpensive to produce. At the same time,
without completely exchanging an individual switch device it is
very difficult to modify its function or its "coding," i.e., to
make it connect two conductors different from those for which it
was designed, because to do that it would be necessary to be able
to modify the position of the elastomer portion on the active part
of the plunger.
The principal object of the invention is to correct or improve upon
the aforesaid by obtaining in individual contact devices in a
keyboard a high flexibility of "coding" and at the same time a
great facility for modifying this coding, while preserving in
practice the advantages of the already mentioned known devices,
namely, ease and economy in their construction. In this respect use
will still be made in the invention, in the part establishing
contact, of portions of conductive elastomer, in association with
other means as will be explained.
Thus the invention relates to, as in the known previous art, to a
device with electrical contacts actuated by push-button, in which
the push-button bears on its front face a layer, conductive of
electricity, of elastomer or elastic material and of limited area,
which serves to close a circuit between at least two predetermined
conductors of an array of electrical conductors, produced for
example in printed circuits, arranged facing the push-button; but
in addition the said device includes between the said elastic
conductive layer and the array of conductors an insulating support
exhibiting a pre-formed multiplicity of seats the positioning and
arrangement of which are designed to be able to receive and hold
each one ball (or pellet or other equivalent intermediate member)
so that it can make contact on the one hand with one of the said
conductors and on the other hand, when the push-button is
depressed, with the said layer.
This device lends itself conveniently, for example, to the seating
of two conductive balls in positions chosen to establish a
connection, and also at least a third insulating ball to ensure
stability. It is sufficient to change the positions of the
conductive balls to modify the "coding" of the switch. It is easy
to construct a keyboard of such switches.
The invention will be better explained and understood by referring
by way of non-restrictive example to the following description and
to the attached drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an axial section through a contact device in accordance
with the invention, in the up position (not making contact);
FIG. 2 is a similar section of the same device in the down position
(making contact);
FIG. 3 shows how the ball seating plates can be arranged above the
conductors, and
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate example of keyboards consisting of contact
devices in accordance with the invention.
In FIG. 1 the body of the housing of the contact device is seen at
1, at 2 the push-button bearing at its end an elastomer layer 3
which here has an annular shape concentric with the axis A--A of
the housing. The support 4 bears on its upper face the array 9
(FIG. 3) of printed circuits. A plate 5 fitted into the body 1 is
applied against the slab 4 by means of screws 5a (see FIG. 3). An
axial coil spring 6 is placed between the push-botton and the
plate.
The plate 5 exhibits a series of seats X.sub.1, X.sub.2 ...
X.sub.10, E, in the form of holes open top and bottom, in which
balls 7 can be placed without going right through, the hole being
necked in at the bottom at 7a. The position of each of these seats
is chosen to be directly on top of one of the conductors 9, the
seats being distributed round the axis A--A as seen in FIG. 3.
In addition the annular ring 3 of conductive elastomer is fastened
to the end of the push-button 2 by means of projections 2a borne by
the latter, which simplifies putting it in position, ensures its
retention but still enables it to be conveniently exchanged. Again,
in the end face of the push-button facing each ball 7 slight
hollows 2b have been formed.
For example, two balls 7 will be used, of a material conductive of
electricity at least on the surface, such as metal (steel) silvered
or gilded on the surface. It will be possible to have only two such
balls; a third ball of insulating material, for example, glass, in
a suitably placed seat, can ensure stability. The other seats can
be unfilled or contain insulating balls as well.
When the push-button is pressed as by force 8 (FIG. 2), the
conductive balls 7 which are each in contact with one of the
conductors 9, are contacted by the ring 3. Good contact is obtained
as a result of hollow 2b which when the push-button is pressed lets
the elastic material of the ring deform freely and adopt the shape
of the ball. In this way the two conductors of the array 9 are
connected together through the two balls 7 and the ring 3.
The hole E is designed to come over the top of the voltage supply
conductor (one pole of the voltage), the return circuit being made
by any one (or a number) of the other conductors back to the other
pole of the supply voltage. There can in fact be more than two
conductive balls in action, namely a predetermined limited number
of these balls, so as to connect together more than two conductors.
Advantageously the ball 7 in the hole E can be a little smaller
(for example, 0.1 mm smaller) than the others, so as to effect good
contact simultaneously for a number of conductors with a delay.
It can also be seen that the assembly is designed so as to be
easily dismantled and so that the combinations of connections can
be modified to choice in each contact device by moving the
positions of the balls.
This system is thus very flexible. In addition, each of the contact
devices can be placed at any point along the path of the array of
conductors. In FIG. 3 it is seen that the positions of the plate 5
(plate 5 has a standard form for all the contact devices) are
reversed for the two devices shown; that is due to the path of the
array of conductors, bent back on itself.
On this principle complete keyboards can be produced for all
combinations to be effected. FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of these
executions. The tops of the contact devices (1a, 1b, etc...) are
shown bearing symbols representing the combinations.
Over the top of the contact devices a flexible film or fabric can
advantageously be provided which ensures air-tightness of the
devices, the bodies of which exhibit on top an appropriate hollow
shape not to obstruct operation, the fabric bending in as seen in
FIG. 2. The film or fabric can be transparent and in this case the
indication of the symbols are seen through it, engraved or
otherwise marked on the faces of the push-buttons; or else the film
or fabric itself, not necessarily transparent, bears the symbols
printed on it, which are not essentially marked on the said faces
of the buttons.
The embodiments described are only examples of the invention and
that it would be possible to modify them, especially by
substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing
from the scope of the invention; for example, the balls can be
replaced by pellets or other equivalent intermediate members.
* * * * *