U.S. patent number 3,817,689 [Application Number 05/306,775] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-18 for gas burner having lateral openings and a device for deflecting the flames upwards.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Compagnie Europeenne Pour L'Equipement Menager CEPEM. Invention is credited to Marcel Capy.
United States Patent |
3,817,689 |
Capy |
June 18, 1974 |
GAS BURNER HAVING LATERAL OPENINGS AND A DEVICE FOR DEFLECTING THE
FLAMES UPWARDS
Abstract
A gas burner according to the invention comprises: a mixing
chamber having a thin, vertical, lateral wall perforated by outlets
for the combustion mixture, a deflector disposed inside the mixing
chamber; said deflector having a slanting part which directs the
flames upwards in a slanting manner, and a cover coated with a
self-cleaning catalytic enamel. The cover may be made of metal or
ceramic material. It may or may not constitute the deflector and it
may or may not be detachable. The burner also comprises a crown for
distributing the heat during cooking operations requiring low
heat.
Inventors: |
Capy; Marcel (Olivet,
FR) |
Assignee: |
Compagnie Europeenne Pour
L'Equipement Menager CEPEM (Paris, FR)
|
Family
ID: |
9085771 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/306,775 |
Filed: |
November 15, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Nov 15, 1971 [FR] |
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71.40801 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
431/349; 239/553;
239/568; 239/567 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F23D
14/26 (20130101); F23D 14/46 (20130101); F23D
14/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F23D
14/46 (20060101); F23D 14/26 (20060101); F23D
14/00 (20060101); F23d 013/36 () |
Field of
Search: |
;431/349
;239/553,559,567,568 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
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1,394,223 |
|
Feb 1965 |
|
FR |
|
739,391 |
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Oct 1932 |
|
FR |
|
Primary Examiner: Dority, Jr.; Carroll B.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn and
Macpeak
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a thin-walled gas burner comprising a mixing chamber defined
by a substantially cylindrical, thin, lateral wall with vertical
generatrices perforated by vertical slots for the combustion
mixture, the improvement comprising cover means coated with a
self-cleaning catalytic enamel and separate deflector means
disposed inside the mixing chamber adjacent to said slots for the
combustion mixture, said deflector means being attached to the
upper edge of said lateral wall by a crimped portion and having a
slanting part which directs the flames upwards in a slanting
manner.
2. A burner according to claim 1, wherein the cover means is made
of ceramic material.
3. A burner accordingg to claim 1, wherein the cover means and the
deflector means are secured by crimping the upper edge of the
lateral wall thereto.
4. A burner according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic cover means
is placed on the burner and the deflector has a solid base.
5. A gas burner according to claim 1 wherein the outer diameters of
the cover means and deflector means are one third to twice the
inner diameter of the vertical walls defining the mixing
chamber.
6. A gas burner according to claim 5 wherein the vertical wall
defining the mixing chamber has a laterally extending upper portion
and cover means and deflector means are attached to said laterally
extending upper portion by crimping thereto.
7. A gas burner according to claim 1 wherein the deflector means is
joined to the upper edge of the vertical walls defining the mixing
chamber and the cover means has a portion which extends laterally
beyond the outer diameters of the mixing chamber and the deflector
means.
8. A gas burner according to claim 6, wherein the deflector means
and cover means are made of metal.
9. A gas burner according to claim 7, wherein the laterally
extending portion of the cover is flat.
10. A gas burner according to claim 7, wherein the laterally
extending portion of the cover is slightly convex.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a gas burner comprising a mixing
chamber having a substantially cylindrical thin, lateral wall with
vertical generatrices perforated by outlets for the combustion
mixture. More particularly, it relates to circular burners for
cooking stoves.
2. Prior Art
Gas burners with a thick cast metal wall are already known, in
which it is possible to direct the flame upwards in a slanting
manner by directing the apertures in the cylindrical vertical wall.
This insures better heat output and cleaner combustion by reducing
the proportion of unburned and incompletely burned gas. Less
expensive burners of a simpler design and made of thin sheet metal,
are also known. Burners of this type have the particular
disadvantage of becoming soiled when the liquid in a container
placed on the burner, boils over. On the other hand, a certain
amount of lining occurs, i.e. the enamel cracks during operation of
the burner when the burner cover is made of ordinary enamelled
metal, due to the disparities in temperature between the periphery
and the centre.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a gas burner with
a cover adapted to withstand without damage the thermal stresses
produced by temperature disparities during the operation
thereof.
Another object of the invention is to make it possible to dismantle
the cover.
Yet another object of the invention is to eliminate the cleaning
process as the cover is self-cleaning.
The gas burner according to the invention is characterized in that
it comprises a cover which is resistant to thermal stresses, and a
deflector which is disposed inside the mixing chamber and which
comprises a slanting part for directing the flames upwards in a
slanting manner.
Advantageously, the burner according to the invention also
comprises at least one of the following features: the cover is
coated with a catalytic enamel, thus rendering the burner
self-cleaning; the cover is made of metal coated with a catalytic
enamel; the burner cover is made of ceramic material; the ceramic
cover comprises a lower wall having a slanting part forming a
deflector which directs the flames upwards in a slanting manner;
the ceramic cover is arranged with a deflector made of thin metal,
at the upper part of the burner body; the ceramic cover is placed
on the burner, the deflector comprising a solid base; the cover
comprises a horizontal part covering the flames in the low
intensity area.
Other features of the present invention will be made apparent from
the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments
thereof, provided by way of non-limitative examples, and from the
accompanying drawings representing said embodiments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows an axial sectional view of a gas burner according to
the invention.
FIGS. 2-8 show variants of the burner according to the
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a burner according to the invention.
It comprises a venturi 1, the collar 2 of which supports a lower
circular pan 3, with the exception of 3 bosses such as 4,
distributed at an angle of 120.degree. from each other and serving
to calibrate the pilot opening 5. The pan 3 supports a circular
mixing chamber, comprising a burner pan 6 having a cylindrical,
vertical, lateral wall, provided with extended discharge apertures
7 for the main flames. Its base 8 is perforated by apertures 9
supplying the expansion chamber 10, defined by the pan 3. The
circular mixing chamber also comprises a slightly convex cover 11
and a frusto-conical deflector 12. The cover and the deflector are
rendered integral with the wall of the mixing chamber by crimping
the upper edge 14 of the wall over the edges of these parts. The
deflector 12 deflects the flames upwards in a slanting manner. In
the absence of this deflector they would be substantially
horizontal. in this way, the flames reach the base of the container
to be heated, which is placed above the burner, closer to its axis
than in the absence of the deflector. The flames are also longer.
The heat output is thus improved and the rate of complete
combustion increased, thereby avoiding the discharge of unburned
hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide.
Each of the parts constituting the burner can thus be made of
inoxidable thin sheet metal adapted for regular service conditions
or suitably protected. The cover 11 is coated with catalytic enamel
prior to the crimping operation.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the burner comprises a venturi 1
having a peripheral collar 2 which supports a lower circular pan 3,
with the exception of 3 bosses 4 distributed on the circumference
and serving to calibrate a pilot opening 5. The pan 3 supports a
circular mixing chamber 6, comprising a burner pan 8 having a
cylindrical, vertical, lateral wall provided with extended
discharge apertures 7 for the main flames. Its base 8 is perforated
by apertures 9 supplying the pilot chamber 10. It also comprises a
slightly convex cover 11 coated with a catalytic enamel and a
deflector 12 having a frusto-conical lateral wall and an incurvated
solid base 13. The cover 11 and the deflector 12 are rendered
integral with the wall of the mixing chamber by crimping the upper
edge 14 over the edges of these parts. The main flames are
deflected upwards in a slanting manner by the deflector 12. This
deflector 12 is solid and it defines the chamber 6 for mixing
combustible gas and primary air. The volume of the mixing chamber
may be varied by giving the base of the deflector a flat shape or a
more or less incurvated shape according to the gas used, its
pressure and the capacity of the burner.
In the embodiment represented in FIG. 3, the venturi and the pilot
chamber are not shown. The burner comprises a circular mixing
chamber 6. This comprises a pan 8 having a cylindrical lateral wall
provided with extended apertures 7 for discharging the main flames.
Its base 8 is perforated by apertures 9 supplying the pilot chamber
situated below the wall 8. The burner also comprises a slightly
convex cover 11 and a deflector 12 having a frusto-conical lateral
wall and a solid or hollow base. The cover 11 and the deflector 12
are rendered integral with the wall of the mixing chamber by
crimping the upper edge 14 of this wall over the edges of these
parts. The main flames are deflected upwards in a slanting manner
by the deflector 12.
The cover 11 is made of ceramic material and it may also be coated
with a catalytic enamel. The use of a catalytic enamel allows the
burner to be kept permanently clean.
FIG. 4 shows a burner of the same type, comprising the same
elements as that of FIG. 3 but in which the cover 11 and the
deflector 12 are replaced by a single ceramic part 11 forming both
a burner cover and a deflector redirecting the flames upwardly. For
this reason, the lower part of the member 11 is the same shape as
the deflector in FIG. 2, i.e., it comprises at least one part
shaped in the form of an inverted truncated cone directing the
flames in a slanting manner upwards. The edge of the lateral wall
14 of the mixing chamber is crimped over the edge of the cover
11.
FIG. 5 shows another variant of the burner in which the cover 11
consists of a ceramic tablet which is simply placed on the burner.
In this case, the deflector 12 made of thin sheet metal, is solid
and is mounted at 14 on the edge of the lateral wall of the burner
body in such a manner as to close the mixing chamber. The edge of
the tablet 11 comprises an inclined part 17 allowing the tablet to
be applied to and centred on the deflector-burner body
assembly.
FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show embodiments of burners according to the
invention, permitting a low intensity heating action to be obtained
more easily in containers used for the cooking operation known as
"simmering" and further permitting the heat to be distributed in a
uniform manner under the base of the cooking utensils.
It is already known in the art to obtain this type of effect by
interposing a concave metal screen between the burner head and the
container. The metal screen thus acts as a diffuser.
When the metal screen is integral with a grill which supports the
containers to be heated, this screen is soldered to the grill and
the soldered joints are situated in the flame when the burner is on
"high." For this reason it is necessary to use soldering materials
having a very high point of fusion. Furthermore, the incorporation
of this type of metal screen considerably complicates the
manufacture of the grill. It is possible to use a metal screen
known as a diffuser, which is placed on the grill without a screen.
A diffuser of this type, which generally has fairly large
dimensions in order to support the cooking utensils, must be
removed from the grill when the burner is fully "turned on."
A gas burner according to the invention does not have the
disadvantages of known burners when used for "simmering." Neither
does a metal screen have to be interposed between the burner and
the container to be heated.
A gas burner adapted for low intensity cooking is produced by
surrounding the lateral wall of the mixing chamber and the upper
part of the same with a horizontal crown which is flat or slightly
concave toward the base. The outer diameter of the crown is
one-third to twice the inner diameter so as to cover the flames
when the burner is operated at its minimum rate.
FIG. 6 shows a burner having an enamelled metal cover. As in FIG.
1, it consists of a venturi, the collar of which supports a lower
circular pan 3, with the exception of 3 bosses such as 4. These
bosses, which are used to calibrate the pilot opening, are
distributed at an angle of 120.degree. from each other. The pan 3
supports a circular mixing chamber comprising a burner pan 6 having
a cylindrical, vertical, lateral wall provided with extended
outlets 7 for the main flames. The horizontal crown 20 forms an
extension of the vertical wall. The base 8 of the burner pan is
perforated by openings 9 supplying the expansion chamber limited by
the pan 3.
The mixing chamber also comprises a deflector 12 having a
frusto-conical lateral wall, a convex base and a slightly convex
cover 11. The cover 11 and the deflector 12 are rendered integral
with the pan 6 of the mixing chamber by crimping the upper edge 21
of the crown of the pan over the edges of these parts. The crown 20
may be flat or slightly convex. Its outer diameter is in the order
of one-third to twice its inner diameter which is also that of the
vertical wall of the pan 6 limiting the mixing chamber.
FIG. 7 shows a burner with a ceramic cover 11. The reference
numerals used in FIG. 7 have the same meaning as those used in FIG.
1 but the venturi has not been represented. The ceramic cover also
acts as a deflector, the lower part of the cover having the same
shape as the deflector shown in FIG. 1. The cover also comprises a
crown 22 which rests on the crown 20.
The cover 11 and the pan 6 of the mixing chamber are joined by
crimping the upper edge 21 of this pan over the edge of the
cover.
FIG. 8 shows a burner with a ceramic cover 11. The cover is
detachable. The reference numerals used in FIG. 8 have the same
meaning as those used in FIGS. 1, 6 and 7 but the venturi has not
been represented. The ceramic cover 11 comprises a crown 22. It
rests on the assembly formed by the metal deflector 12 and the pan
6 which are joined by crimping the upper edge 23 of this pan over
the edge of the deflector.
Obviously, the sheet metal or ceramic cover may also be enamelled
with a catalytic enamel.
The invention, which has been described, may obviously be modified
in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention
and certain elements may be replaced by others having the same
technical function.
* * * * *