U.S. patent number 3,817,302 [Application Number 05/252,456] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-18 for can tapper with explosion preventing means.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Imperial-Eastman Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert C. Gibson, Leonard J. Kowal.
United States Patent |
3,817,302 |
Kowal , et al. |
June 18, 1974 |
CAN TAPPER WITH EXPLOSION PREVENTING MEANS
Abstract
An apparatus for transferring pressurized fluid from a first
fluid container to a second fluid container with means for
preventing explosion of the first container as a result of high
pressure therein. The first container illustratively comprises a
can of pressurized fluid and the transferring apparatus
illustratively comprises a can tapper arranged to pierce a
pierceable portion of the can, and having valve means for
controlling the flow of the pressurized fluid from the pierced can
to the second container. Means are associated with the can tapper
for causing a cooling of the can by directing fluid against the can
as an incident of the pressure of the fluid in the can rising above
a preselected abnormally high level. The can tapper includes means
for limiting the fluid pressure in the pierced can to a preselected
maximum pressure at all times irrespective of the open or closed
condition of the control valve.
Inventors: |
Kowal; Leonard J. (Prospect
Heights, IL), Gibson; Robert C. (Chicago, IL) |
Assignee: |
Imperial-Eastman Corporation
(Chicago, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22956079 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/252,456 |
Filed: |
May 11, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
141/383; 222/5;
222/146.1; 222/146.6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F17C
13/123 (20130101); F17C 2260/042 (20130101); F17C
2205/0332 (20130101); F17C 2205/032 (20130101); F17C
2205/0394 (20130101); F17C 2205/0329 (20130101); F17C
2205/0338 (20130101); F17C 2205/0382 (20130101); F17C
2205/0385 (20130101); F17C 2205/0335 (20130101); F17C
2221/038 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F17C
13/12 (20060101); F17C 13/00 (20060101); B65b
003/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;141/19,329,330,18,20,382,389,383,384,385,386,387,388,392,346,82
;222/5,83,396,146,397 ;62/50-55 ;137/318 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bell, Jr.; Houston S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hofgren, Wegner, Allen, Stellman
& McCord
Claims
We claim:
1. Apparatus for transferring pressurized fluid from a fluid
container to a fluid receiver wherein the fluid pressure is lower
than that in said first container, comprising: means defining a
flow passage; means for connecting a first portion of the flow
passage to said container and a second portion of the flow passage
to said fluid receiver for fluid flow therebetween; pressure relief
means connecting with said flow passage at a third portion
intermediate said first and second portions for limiting the fluid
pressure therein to a preselected maximum pressure; means for
limiting reverse flow of fluid from said fluid receiver through
said flow passage to permit said pressure relief means to the
pressure of reverse-flowing fluid in said flow passage to said
preselected maximum pressure; and valve means for selectively
closing said flow passage between said second and third portions,
said third portion being in connection with said first portion at
all times for permitting said pressure means to effectively limit
the fluid pressure in said container to said preselected
maximum.
2. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said valve
means for selectively closing said flow passage extends through
said third portion of said flow passage.
3. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
container comprises a can of pressurized fluid.
4. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
container comprises a can of pressurized fluid and said means for
connecting said first portion of the flow passage thereto comprises
means for piercing a portion of said can.
5. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
pressure relief valve includes a cover for precluding direct
outflow of the high pressure fluid from the pressure relief means,
including means for turning the flow.
6. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
pressure relief means is carried by said valve means.
7. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
pressure relief means is provided with means arranged to direct
relieved fluid toward said first container to cool the same.
8. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means
for limiting reverse flow comprises a check valve provided in said
second portion of the flow passage for substantially preventing
flow of fluid under pressure from said fluid receiver.
9. Apparatus for transferring pressurized fluid from a fluid
container, comprising: means defining a flow passage; means for
connecting the flow passage to said container for flow of said
fluid therefrom; valve means for controlling the flow of said fluid
through said passage; and means communicating with said flow
passage for directing fluid from said passage against said
container as an incident of the pressure of the fluid in said
container rising above a preselected abnormally high level so as to
tend to cool the container and thereby cause a lowering of the
fluid pressure therein.
10. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 9 wherein said means
for directing fluid against said container further defines means
for discharging fluid from said container to tend to cause a
lowering of the fluid pressure therein.
11. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 9 further including
means for discharging fluid from said container as an incident of
the pressure of the fluid in said container rising above a
preselected abnormally high level so as to tend to cool and thereby
cause a lowering of the fluid pressure therein.
12. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 9 wherein said
connecting means includes means for piercing the fluid container to
provide the connection between said container and flow passage.
13. The fluid transferring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means
for limiting reverse flow comprises means resisting reverse flow
from the fluid receiver while permitting substantially unimpeded
flow to the fluid receiver through said flow passage second
portion.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to fluid transferring apparatus and in
particular to can tappers.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In George E. Franck U.S. Letters Patent Nos. 2,893,603 and
3,092,291, owned by the assignee hereof, can tapping devices are
illustrated for transferring fluid from a container of fluid under
pressure to a receiver, such as another container, a piping system,
etc. In one form of such device, the pressurized fluid container
comprises a can of refrigerant fluid under pressure with the can
tapping device being arranged to pierce the top of the refrigerant
can and permit flow of the pressurized fluid into a refrigeration
system such as for charging the system.
It has been found that, at times, the person transferring the fluid
by means of such a can tapper has been seriously injured as by an
explosion of the can while the user is handling it. Such explosions
may occur, for example, where the user improperly heats the can in
order to expedite the flow of the fluid therefrom. Alternatively,
at times, the refrigerant system may have an abnormally high
pressure condition therein which, when the valve is opened between
the refrigerant system and the connected refrigerant can, causes an
abnormally high condition to also then be present in the can which
may resultingly explode. Illustratively, it is suggested by the
refrigerant suppliers that the cans be heated only by heating them
with warm water. However, at times, the user may use water heated
to above the recommended temperature or even may direct a
blowtorch, or the like, against the can so as to present a highly
dangerous explosion-tending condition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprehends an improved can tapping device
adapted to not only provide for controlled connection between a
container of fluid under pressure and a receiver, but also to limit
the fluid pressure in the container to effectively preclude injury
to the user as by explosion or similar rupture of the container as
may result from a high pressure condition therein. The invention
comprehends such an apparatus for transferring pressurized fluid
wherein the pressure limiting means not only limits the pressure of
the fluid in the container when the valve is closed, but also
functions to limit the pressure of fluid in the container when the
valve is opened to protect the user against a high pressure
condition which might arise in the container by a backflow of high
pressure fluid from the system being charged, such as where the
system has an abnormally high pressure condition therein.
Further, the invention comprehends providing means for
automatically tending to cool the container as an incident of a
high pressure condition existing therein so as to tend to lower the
pressure in the container and thereby alleviate the dangerous
condition. More specifically, the invention comprehends providing
means in association with the fluid transferring apparatus which
functions to direct fluid from the container against the outside of
the container as an incident of a high pressure condition therein
thereby tending to cool the container and resultingly lower the
pressure therein. The fluid directing means may comprise means
associated with the pressure relief means discussed above so that
the pressure condition in the container may be alleviated both by
discharging a portion of the fluid from the container to lower the
pressure of the fluid therein and to cause a cooling of the
container to further lower the pressure therein.
The apparatus may include a manually operable control valve which
may selectively carry the pressure relief means or which may extend
through the flow passage of the transferring apparatus to be
independent of the flow path of the pressure relief means. The
apparatus is arranged so that the pressure relief means is in
communication with the container at all times whether the valve is
opened or closed and, thus, provides pressure relief of the
container immediately upon connection of the fluid transferring
apparatus such as by piercing the container where the fluid
transferring apparatus comprises a conventional can tapping
piercing means .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent
from the following description taken in connection with the
accompanying drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a fluid transferring apparatus
embodying the invention as installed on a pressurized fluid
container;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse section taken
substantially along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a transverse section taken substantially along the line
3--3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an end view of the fluid transferring apparatus
positioned for connection to the fluid receiver;
FIG. 5 is a vertical section of a modified form of fluid
transferring apparatus embodying the invention; and
FIG. 6 is a transverse section taken substantially along the line
6--6 of FIG. 5.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the exemplary embodiment of the invention as shown in FIGS. 1-4
of the drawing, a fluid transferring apparatus generally designated
10 illustratively comprises a can tapper for use in transferring a
pressurized fluid, such as Freon refrigerant fluid, from a can 11
of conventional construction. Thus, the can 11 includes a
pierceable top, or cover, 12 adapted to be pierced by a piercing
needle 13 carried by the body 14 of the can tapper. The can tapper
includes a gripping portion 15 adapted to engage an upper flange 16
of the can 11. The body 14 and gripper 15 define cooperating
threads 17 permitting the piercing element 13 to be forced through
the pierceable cover 12 as an incident of turning of the can tapper
body 14 on the gripper 15 until the piercing element pierces the
cover and is sealed thereto by a suitable annular seal 18 carried
by the body surrounding the piercing element 13.
The can tapper body further defines a flow passage generally
designated 19 having a first portion 29 communicating through the
tubular piercing element 13 with the interior of the can 11 upon
piercing of the cover 12 as discussed above. The body 14 further
defines a connector portion 21 having a suitable external thread 22
and internally defining an outlet flow passage 23 for fluid
transfer connection to a suitable receiver such as a refrigerant
system schematically shown at 24.
Flow of fluid from container 11 to receiver 24 is controlled in the
can tapper 10 by means of a suitable valve generally designated 25
having a movable valve element 26 movably disposed in a third flow
passage portion 27 extending between flow passage portions 20 and
23, respectively.
Movable valve element 26 selectively engages a valve seat 28 at the
inner end of outlet flow passage portion 23 for closing the flow
passage 19 thereat when desired while leaving the flow passage 19
open to a relief chamber 29 in a relief valve portion 30 of body
14. The valve member 26 is movably positioned by the mounting
thereof on a valve stem 31 having a threaded inner portion 32
threadedly engaging an internal thread 33 in body 14. The valve
stem 31 is rotated by a suitable handle 34 secured to the outer end
thereof with the valve stem being rotatably sealed to the valve
body 14 by a seal ring 35 and cup-shaped cap 36 threaded to an
outer thread 37 on the valve body concentrically of the internal
thread 33.
Valve stem 31 is undercut at 38 to provide the desired
communication between relief valve chamber 29 and flow passage
portion 20 at all times. A pressure relief valve 39 is mounted in a
tubular housing 40 having a lower threaded end 41 threaded into an
internal threaded portion 42 of relief valve portion 30 at the
outer end of chamber 29. Valve mechanism 39 functions to discharge
pressurized fluid outwardly through an outer end 43 of the housing
40 when the pressure reaches a preselected maximum. A cover 44 is
secured to the body portion 30 by suitable means such as screws 45
to prevent the discharged high pressure fluid from flowing directly
outwardly from the relief valve mechanism, and turns the fluid back
downwardly to flow out through the lower open end 46 of the cover.
The cover end 46 opens toward the valve body 14 and container 11 so
as to direct the relief high pressure fluid downwardly thereagainst
and as a result of the flow of this fluid thereagainst, tends to
cause a cooling thereof. The cooling of the container 11 effects a
lowering of the fluid pressure therein and, thus, the discharge of
the high pressure fluid through the relief valve structure
generally designated 47 causes a lowering of the pressure in
container 11 not only by virtue of the release of some of the
pressurized fluid, but also by the cooling effect on the
container.
As indicated above, at times the connection of the container 11 of
the receiver 24 may present a hazardous condition as where the
fluid in chamber 24 is at abnormally high pressure, such as may
cause rupture of the container 11. To prevent this pressure from
being applied to the container 11, a ball check 48 is provided in
outlet flow passage 23 to seat on a frustoconical seat 49 at the
inner end of the flow passage 23 when the pressure acting inwardly
on the ball is greater than the pressure acting outwardly thereon.
The ball may be retained in the flow passage 23 by suitable pin 50
extending across the outer end of the flow passage. As the
frustoconical seat 49 and ball 48 may not have perfect sealed
engagement, some fluid pressure may leak from the flow passage 23
into the flow passage portion 27. However, should the fluid
pressure thus delivered to passage portion 27 exceed that of the
pressure relief mechanism seating the fluid is immediately
discharged through the relief valve 47, thereby preventing
undesirable application of the high pressure to the container
11.
Thus, once the apparatus 10 is attached to can 11 and element 13 is
caused to pierce the can portion 12, the pressure in can 11 is
prevented from exceeding a preselected maximum by relief mechanism
47 while controlled flow of fluid from container 11 to fluid
receiver 24 is permitted by the selective positioning of the valve
member 26. Excessive fluid pressure from the receiver 24 is
prevented from presenting a hazardous condition in container 11 by
the check valve 48 and maintained communication of the relief
mechanism 47 with the flow passage 19 at all times.
Referring now to the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, a modified form
of fluid transferring apparatus 110 is shown to comprise an
apparatus generally similar to apparatus 10 but having a modified
arrangement of the pressure relief mechanism 47 and control valve
25. Thus, in apparatus 110, the tubular housing 140 further defines
at its inner end the movable valve member 126 which seats on the
annular valve seat 128 in body 114 at the inner end of the flow
passage portion 120. The flow passage portion is maintained in
communication with the relief valve mechanism at all times through
a passage 151 in the lower end of the housing 140 communicating
with the relief valve chamber 129 within the housing 140. When the
valve member 126 is spaced from seat 128, communication is provided
between flow passage portion 120 and flow passage portion 127 to
permit flow of fluid from container 111 outwardly therethrough to
outlet passage portion 123. However, at all times, whether the
valve is open or closed, fluid may flow upwardly through flow
passage portion 151 to the relief valve mechanism 139 to permit
control of the fluid pressure in the container 111 by the pressure
regulator 147. High pressure fluid discharging upwardly from the
upper end 143 of housing 140 is directed back downwardly by
downturned ports 152 in the handle 134 secured to the upper end of
the tubular housing 140. Thus, the discharged pressurized fluid is
directed back downwardly onto the body 114 and container 111 in the
same manner as in apparatus 10. However, in apparatus 110, the
handle 134 replaces the relief valve cover 44 of apparatus 10 to
define the means for redirecting the discharged high pressure fluid
to effect the desired cooling of the container 111 and, thus,
lowering of the pressure therein. In all other respects, fluid
transferring apparatus 110 is similar to apparatus 10 and elements
of apparatus 110 corresponding to elements of apparatus 10 are
identified by similar reference numerals, except 100 higher.
As discussed briefly above, the fluid transferring apparatus is
illustrated in the form of a can tapper where the container 11
comprises a can of refrigerant fluid under pressure.
Illustratively, conventional cans of Freon 12 refrigerant fluid are
designed to hold the fluid at a pressure of 180 p.s.i. at a maximum
temperature of 130.degree. F. If an abnormal higher temperature
condition occurs, such as by leaving the can in a heated
compartment such as the trunk of a car under hot summer conditions,
the temperature can very easily rise to 160.degree. F. whereat the
pressure of the fluid would be 280 p.s.i. and would present a
serious hazard as a potentially explosive element. Freon 22 is
normally maintained at a pressure of below 310 p.s.i. at a maximum
temperature of 125.degree. F. and such a can would develop
approximately 450 p.s.i. at the elevated 160.degree. F.
temperature. Thus, it can be seen that abnormal high temperatures
may readily be present in the cans of refrigerant fluid making it
highly desirable to utilize the pressure reducing and relieving
means of the present invention to alleviate such conditions. As
indicated above, at times plumbers may use their torches to cause
faster flow of the refrigerant fluid from the can 11 such as where
the flowing refrigerant causes condensation in the flow passages
substantially throttling the flow. Obviously, such abnormal heating
may cause a serious hazard to arise in the absence of the use of
the pressure reducing and relieving means of the present invention.
Thus, as soon as the apparatus 10 or apparatus 110 is attached with
the cover pierced by the piercing element of the fluid tranferring
apparatus, the protective functioning of the apparatus is brought
into play thereby increasing the safety of the use of the
pressurized fluid cans. It is preferable that no throttling of the
flow be effected during the transfer and, thus, the check valves 48
and 148 are preferably not spring biased.
Further, as the flow passage portion communication with the
piercing element is open to the pressure relief valve in both
embodiments at all times, it is not necessary, as indicated above,
that the check valves 48 and 148 be positive in their operation. As
will be obvious to those skilled in the art, the check valves could
be replaced by restrictors which would prevent a backflow from the
receiver 24 sufficiently fast to cause a buildup in the pressure in
container 11, or 111, before the pressure is relieved by the relief
valve mechanism. However, as it is desirable to maintain the
outflow from the can 11 as free as possible, it has been found that
the use of the check valve permitting relatively unimpeded flow
outwardly through flow passage portion 23, or 123, is preferred to
the use of the flow restrictor.
The foregoing disclosure of specific embodiments is illustrative of
the broad inventive concepts comprehended by the invention.
* * * * *