U.S. patent number 3,816,070 [Application Number 05/110,246] was granted by the patent office on 1974-06-11 for method and apparatus for treating porous material with fluid.
Invention is credited to James T. Candor, Robert R. Candor.
United States Patent |
3,816,070 |
Candor , et al. |
* June 11, 1974 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING POROUS MATERIAL WITH FLUID
Abstract
This disclosure relates to improved means for treating laundry
or the like by tumbling the laundry in a supporting and rotating
drum-like member and causing fluid to be forced through the laundry
while the same is being compressed between the supporting drum and
a nozzle means disposed within the drum, the nozzle means either
forcing the fluid from the nozzle means through the compressed
laundry or drawing the fluid through the laundry into the nozzle
means.
Inventors: |
Candor; Robert R. (Dayton,
OH), Candor; James T. (Dayton, OH) |
[*] Notice: |
The portion of the term of this patent
subsequent to June 3, 1986 has been disclaimed. |
Family
ID: |
26807837 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/110,246 |
Filed: |
January 27, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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788278 |
Dec 31, 1968 |
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635848 |
May 3, 1967 |
3447174 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
8/158; 34/134;
68/19.1; 68/43; 34/599; 8/159; 34/138; 68/21 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06B
3/30 (20130101); D06F 23/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06B
3/30 (20060101); D06B 3/00 (20060101); D06F
23/00 (20060101); D06F 23/02 (20060101); B08b
003/10 (); D06f 025/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;68/19,20,19.1,43,21
;8/158,159 ;34/23,33,133,134,138,139 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Price; William I.
Assistant Examiner: Cantor; Alan I.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Candor, Candor & Tassone
Parent Case Text
This application is a Continuation application of its copending
parent application, Ser. No. 788,278, filed Dec. 31, 1968, now
abandoned, which, in turn, is a continuation-in-part patent
application of its copending parent patent application, Ser. No.
635,848, filed May 3, 1967, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,447,174.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Apparatus for treating porous material comprising movable
engaging means for engaging said material and at least assisting in
the moving of the same in said apparatus, movable flexible wall
means carried by said apparatus and having at least a part thereof
provided with a plurality of opening means passing therethrough,
means for causing said material to have a section thereof disposed
between at least said part of said wall means and said engaging
means to move in unison with said part of said wall means and said
engaging means, means for causing said opening means of said part
of said wall means to be disposed in substantially sealed relation
with said section of material, said means for causing said opening
means to be disposed in sealed relation also causing a direct fluid
flow between said opening means of said part of said wall means and
said section of material aligned between said opening means of said
part of said wall means and said engaging means to treat said
section of material with said fluid, said means for causing said
opening means of said part of said wall means to be disposed in
said substantially sealed relation with said section of material
comprising means for creating a pressure differential across said
wall means to cause one side of said part of said wall means to
tend to press against said material and thereby press said material
against said engaging means, said means for creating said pressure
differential across said wall means and for causing said direct
fluid flow comprising means for directing fluid under pressure
against the other side of said part of said wall means so that said
fluid pressure causes said part of said wall means to press against
said material and causes said fluid to pass through said opening
means into said material, and means for heating said fluid before
the same is directed to said other side of said part of said wall
means.
2. A method for treating porous material comprising the steps of
providing an engaging means for engaging said material to at least
assist in moving said material, causing said material to have a
section thereof disposed between at least a part of a flexible wall
means and said engaging means to move in unison with said part of
said wall means and said engaging means, moving said part of said
wall means to be disposed in substantially sealed relation with
said section of material, forming said wall means with a plurality
of opening means passing through said part thereof, said step of
moving said part of said wall means also includes the step of
creating a direct fluid flow between a plurality of opening means
in said part of said wall means and said section of material
aligned between said opening means and said engaging means to treat
said section of material with said fluid, said step of moving said
part of said wall means to be disposed in substantially sealed
relation with said section of material comprising the step of
creating a pressure differential across said part of said wall
means to cause one side of said part of said wall means to tend to
press against said material and thereby press said material against
said engaging means, said steps for creating said pressure
differential across said wall means and for causing said direct
fluid flow comprising the step of directing fluid under pressure
against the other side of said part of said wall means so that said
fluid pressure causes said part of said wall means to press against
said material and causes said fluid to pass through said opening
means into said material, and heating said fluid before said fluid
is directed to said other side of said part of said wall means.
Description
This invention relates to a washing machine with a surface effect
air pressure or suction nozzle means.
The invention is applicable to "washing" or "dry cleaning" and the
like. These terms are used herein interchangeably.
A feature of this invention includes means for applying air
pressure for agitating, wringing, and evaporatively drying clothes
and other laundry or materials in a washing machine, or a dry
cleaning machine.
Another feature of this invention includes the use of a surface
effect, or ground effect, air pressure nozzle for agitating the
clothes and other laundry or other materials during the washing,
wringing, and evaporatively drying the clothes, etc.
Another feature of this invention includes the use of a flexible
air trapping nozzle for producing such washing, wringing, and
drying operation.
Another feature of this invention includes the use of a rigid
baffle means on a perforated drum to cooperate with the air
trapping nozzle for the purpose of washing, wringing, and
evaporatively drying the clothes and other laundry, or
materials.
Another feature includes the use of the foregoing features for the
purpose of dry cleaning the clothes.
Another feature of this invention is to provide a nozzle means for
direct contact with the laundry to cause fluid flow directly
through the contacted laundry and nozzle means.
Other features of this invention are apparent from this
description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claimed
subject matter.
IN THE DRAWINGS:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of this invention,
partly in cross section.
FIG. 2 is a cross section transverse to FIG. 1, in vertical cross
section.
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 and showing the perforated drum
in another position.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of one embodiment of the surface effect
pressure nozzle.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal, horizontal cross section of the nozzle
supporting portion of FIGS. 1-4.
FIG. 6 is an embodiment somewhat similar to FIGS. 1-4, and using a
substantially circular surface effect nozzle and/or a clothes
centering drum construction.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross section of the circular plate of FIG.
6.
FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic showing of a combined water pump and air
blower for circulating air and/or water through the surface effect
nozzle.
FIG. 9 is a cross section of a rear support for an eccentrically
supported rotatable nozzle and cylindrical drum.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary cross section taken on line
10--10 of FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is a diagrammatic transverse cross section of FIG. 9.
Referring first to FIGS. 1-5, a stationary, imperforate,
cylindraceous outer drum 20 is provided to retain washing or dry
cleaning liquid for washing, dry cleaning, or otherwise treating
materials such as laundry or articles to be washed and/or dry
cleaned. An inner, cylindraceous, perforate drum 22 is rotatably
mounted in the stationary drum 20, within which the articles to be
treated, 24, are placed. These articles may be introduced into and
removed from the apparatus through an access opening 26, which may
be placed at one end of the drums 20 and 22 in a manner well known
to those skilled in the art. Such opening 26 may be provided with
suitable covering or door means, also well known to those skilled
in the art, for the purpose of retaining the articles to be treated
and the liquid introduced therein, also as is well known to those
skilled in the art.
Under certain conditions the drum 20 may be rotatable, but for the
purpose of brief description it may be referred to as a stationary
drum, with the understanding that, under certain conditions, the
drum 20 may be rotatable.
A surface effect air pressure applying nozzle means 28 may be
placed in the perforated drum 22 and may be so mounted that it can
rotate simultaneously with such drum 22. In the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 1-4, such nozzle means 28 may be provided with a relatively
rigid plate support 30, which may be supported or secured to one or
both of the end members of the rotatable drum 22. For example, such
plate may be secured to the end wall 32 of the rotatable drum
22.
The plate 30 may also be secured to the other end wall 34, which
may be the front end wall of the perforate drum 22, which may be
provided with an access opening 36, of the character heretofore
described. As shown in FIG. 5, the plate support 30 may be secured
to the rotatable end walls 32 and 34, so that the plate 30 rotates
with the drum 32.
A flexible, air pressure applying curtain or wall 38 may be secured
to the plate 30 in such a manner that the curtain 38 tends to hang
downwardly from the plate 30, when the plate 30 is in its lowermost
position, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The curtain 38 may be a single curtain, or a double curtain,
depending how the central part of the curtain is produced. The
outer edges 40, FIG. 4, may be secured to the outer edges 42 of the
plate 30. The inner edges 44 of the curtain 38 may be united
together, if desired, or they may be separately secured to a
central air distributing bar 46, which is provided with a central
conduit 48, which has one or more branches 50 with one or more
openings 52 for distributing the air to the interior or interiors
54 of the curtain 38. The curtain 38 may have small openings 56 for
permitting the air to discharge from the interior or interiors 54
into the central plenum portion 58 of the curtain 38.
The curtain 38 may have end closures 60, FIG. 5, to retain the air
in the interior or interiors 54.
The central conduit 48 of the plate support 30 may be connected to
a compressed air supply pipe 62, which may have an offset portion
64 connected to a central portion 66, which may be connected to an
air supply means to be described.
If desired, a rigid longitudinal baffle 68 may be provided on the
drum 22 on the rear or following side of the curtain 38, it being
understood that the drum 22, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, rotates in
a counterclockwise direction. The purpose of the baffle 68 is to
cooperate with the curtain 38 to cause the articles to be treated
to form into an accumulation 24, as indicated by the dotted line 70
in FIG. 2, which is partly under the curtain 38 in the position
shown in FIG. 2, to cause such accumulation of clothes 24 to rise
with the curtain 38 on the right hand of FIG. 2 and to continue
completely around with the curtain 38 until it reaches some
position on the falling side, as shown in FIG. 3, where the clothes
may fall partly or wholly from the curtain 38, as indicated by the
line 72.
The curtain 38 is of such a character that it tends to retain
compressed air from the pipe construction 62-66 to press the
curtain 38 downwardly to form lobes 74, which tend to press the
clothes downwardly against perforated drum 22 and also allow the
compressed air to discharge from the lobes 74 into the central
plenum part 58 of the curtain construction and then through the
clothes and through the openings 76 in the drum 22. The air then
may be allowed to escape, such as through a discharge pipe 78,
which may be vented to any desired place, such as to the exterior
of the building in which the apparatus is being used, if
desired.
The pipe 62-66 may be supplied with compressed air, which, if
desired, may also be heated. For example, the pipe 66 may pass
through a packing box or the like, 80, of well-known construction,
which allows the pipe section 66 to rotate with the drum 22 and
allows the stationary pipe section 82 to be stationary and to be
connected to the air compressor 84. The construction is such that
the compressor 84 may supply compressed air through the stationary
pipe 82, packing box 80, to the rotatable part 66 of the supply
sections 62, 64, 66. If desired, the pipe 82 may pass through or be
a part of a chamber 86, which may be heated by an electric heater
88, which heats the air which is pumped by the pump 84 and supplies
the same in heated condition to be caused to pass through the
clothes 24 and dry the same at the proper time. The electric heater
88 may be automatically controlled by a timer operated switch 90,
which energizes the heater during the desired time of the washing
operation to produce the drying action. Additionally, the heater 88
may be controlled by the thermostatic switch 92, which may be
responsive to the air temperature in the chamber 86, such as by a
thermostatic bulb 94.
The perforated drum 22 may be driven at a suitable rotational
speed, such as to cause the tumbling action heretofore described,
and which is diagrammatically indicated in FIGS. 2 and 3. For
example, such drum 22 may be rotated by the motor 96, which
actuates a speed reduction transmission 98, of any well-known
construction, and which may be manually or automatically
adjustable, so that it drives the rotatable shaft 100, which partly
or wholly supports the drum 22 and drivingly rotates the same. The
shaft 100 may be rotated within the bearing 102, which is connected
to the rear wall 104 of drum 20.
The drum 20 may be provided with a front wall 106, having an
opening 108 for insertion and removal of articles to be
treated.
The openings 36 and 108 of FIG. 5 may be provided with suitable
sealing means and cover means, which are well known in the art, and
which need not be specifically disclosed herein.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the inner drum 22 may be a
perforated drum somewhat similar to the drum 22 heretofore
described, except that it may have reduced or tapered wall 109 and
110, which cause the clothes to be moved toward the longitudinal
center of the apparatus, directly under a circular plate support
30A, which is supported within the drum 22A to rotate therewith, in
a manner substantially similar to that described in connection with
drum 22. The drum 22A may be provided with a baffle 68A, which may
extend throughout the length of the drum 22 or may be less wide at
the central part than at the ends 112, as desired.
The baffle 68A may have higher wall ends, as shown at 112 in FIG.
6. The outer drum 20A of FIG. 6 may have slanting walls 114,
similar to slanting walls 109 and 110 of the inner drum 22.
The curtain or wall 38A may be similar to the curtain 38, except
that the curtain 38A may be circular in horizontal cross section at
all parts thereof, including the plate 30A.
The supply pipe 62A may enter the plate 30A and may discharge into
any part of the curtain 38A, without the necessity of a
distributing device, since the air can circulate completely around
the interior of the curtain 38A.
The inner edge 44A, FIG. 7, of the curtain 38A may be provided with
an opening which is covered by a perforated wall 115, which may be
a perforated plate or a wire mesh construction, which may be
resiliently supported from the plate 30A by any spring construction
116, which permits the inner edge 44A to rise and fall slightly as
desired. Openings 56A may be provided, if desired, to correspond to
openings 56 of the previous Figures, or they may be omitted.
The plate 30A may be supported by any suitable means from the end
walls of the drum 22A. For example, the pipe 62A may be constructed
to be supported from the end wall 32A of the drum 22A. A suitable
rod 118 may extend from the plate 30A to the front end wall of the
rotatable drum 22A such front wall not being shown, but which may
be otherwise similar to the front wall 34 of FIG. 5, except of
smaller diameter, in corresponding fashion to rear wall 32A because
of the slanting walls 109 and 110.
The outer drums 20 and 20A may be provided with a suitable drain
120 at the bottommost part, which may be connected to a drain valve
122. This valve 122 may be solenoid operated to open and close at
the proper time. The valve 122 may be connected to a water pump
124, the discharge portion 126 of which may be connected by a
suitable flexible hose or the like to a drain or laundry tub, as is
obvious.
In the operation of FIG. 1, clothes may be introduced through the
openings 36 and 108 and the various parts of the apparatus may be
controlled by a suitable timer in the usual manner which controls
the desired operation of the various parts of the machine. The
timer may cause the drum 22 to be rotated at a slow speed, such
that it allows the articles to be washed or cleaned to be caught by
the baffle 68 and be accumulated at 70 under the curtain 38, when
the parts reach the lowermost position of FIG. 2. The curtain 38
contacts the top of a portion of the clothes 24 in some such manner
as indicated by the dotted line 70 of FIG. 2, so that the
compressed air from the pipes 66, 64, and 62 enters the lobes 54 of
the curtain 38 and passes through the openings 56 into the cleaning
chamber 58 from whence the air is forced through the clothes 24 and
may pass out through openings 76 to the drum 20 and out through the
discharge pipe 78 to the exterior.
During the initial washing operation, no compressed air need be
introduced into the curtain 38 and, the baffle 68 may lift and drop
the clothes during the washing operation. On the other hand, if
desired, air may be introduced into the curtain 38 during the
washing operation and this will aid in the lifting and dropping of
the clothes from and into the water at the bottom of the apparatus.
The valve 122 is closed during this time.
The drain valve 122 may be opened, and the pump 124 operated, if
necessary. The liquid is then drained from the tub 20. The tub 22
may be rotated or allowed to continue to rotate with the curtain 38
inflated by the compressed air. This action lifts and drops the
clothes as indicated respectively by the FIGS. 2 and 3 so that
different parts of the clothes are subjected to the compressed air
from the curtain 38 repeatedly. The action can continue
indefinitely to a complete drying of the clothes. The compressd air
may be heated continuously, or only during the time of the
evaporative drying of the clothes, when the switch 90 may be
closed, to energize the heater 88 for the desired time, with or
without automatic cycling by the thermostat 92.
Substantially the same action takes place in the embodiment of
FIGS. 6 and 7, as is obvious. A feature in FIGS. 6 and 7 is that
the clothes are concentrated at the central part during the
dropping operation, because of the slanting sides 109 and 110. The
curtain 38A may thus be smaller than the curtain 38, which will
concentrate the action of the curtain 38A to a relatively small
area.
The water pumps 124 of FIGS. 2, 3, 6 may be combined water and air
circulators, as shown at 124A in FIG. 8. Such circulator 124A
discharges into a three-way valve 128 which may be solenoid and
timer operated, if desired.
The three-way valve 128 may discharge into a drain through pipe 130
to empty the tub 20. The valve 128 may discharge into pipe 132
which discharges through filter 134 and into heating chamber 86 of
FIG. 1 and then into pipe 64 of FIG. 1 or 64A of FIG. 6, etc.
This permits water to be circulated through the clothes by the
flexible curtain constructions 38, 38A, etc., during the washing
action. It also permits air to be circulated through the clothes by
the curtain constructions 38, 38A, etc., during the water, moisture
and vapor extraction portions of the wash-dry operation.
If desired, valves 136 may be provided to by-pass the water through
pipe 138 around the heating chamber, if desired. Such valves 136
may be solenoid and timer operated, if desired.
In FIG. 9, parts which generally correspond to previously described
parts are shown with a suffix B instead of either no suffix or
suffix A, as is obvious.
There is a stationary pipe 82B, a longitudinally rotatable pipe 66B
and a radially rotatable pipe 64B.
The pipes 66B and 82B are supported in a stationary cylindrical
block 140 which is supported on a pedestal 142.
The block 140 rotationally supports the rotatable sleeve 144 which
rotationally supports the rotatable end wall 32B of the rotatable
perforate drum 22B.
The stationary cylindrical drum 20 has a stationary rear end wall
104B with a stationary sleeve 146 surrounding the rotatable sleeve
144 and having a seal 148 between the end wall 104B and sleeve 144.
Another seal 150 may be provided between the rotatable sleeve 144
and stationary cylinder block 140.
A bolt 152 is fixed to the end wall 32B and has a rotatable ring
154 which loosely receives the pipe 64B so that the ring 154 causes
the pipe 64B and pipe 62B to rotate about the pipe 66B as an axis
156. The drum 22B rotates about the axis 158 eccentrically to the
rotation of the pipe 62B. When the pipe 62B has rotated to its
uppermost position it will be farther away from the cylindrical
wall 22B, as illustrated in FIG. 11.
The pipe 62B may support a surface effect carrying member 160 with
a flexible impervious surface effect curtain 162 which is closest
to the drum 22B at one part of the revolution and farthest away at
180.degree..
In FIG. 11, the pipe 66B may be at about from 30.degree. to
45.degree. away from the vertical plane 164 on the rising side of
the drum 22B at approximately the lower right quadrant. The member
160 likewise is closest at from 30.degree. to 45.degree. from such
vertical plane. Such member 160 will be farthest away from drum 22B
at from 30.degree. to 45.degree. on the topmost position at plane
164, at approximately the upper left quadrant.
A longitudinal baffle 166 may be placed on the trailing side of
curtain 162.
As the drum 22 rotates, the baffle 166 gathers an accumulation of
clothes at its bottom part of rotation and carries them to be
pressed under curtain 162 with pressure air being applied to and
through the clothes at the lower right quadrant. The curtain 162
will be removed from the clothes at the upper left quadrant
sufficiently to release the clothes to allow them to fall and
redistribute themselves before they are again gathered up by the
baffle 166 near the bottom of rotation and then pressed by the
curtain 162 at the lower right quadrant.
If desired, the pipe 62B may carry the member 160 somewhat as is
done in FIG. 6 at 30A with another support member 118B at left end
of FIG. 9.
The support member 118B may be received in a stationary bearing
member 168 in the inward flange 170 which also forms the clothes
receiving opening 172.
The drum 22B may have an outward flange 173 which rotates about the
inward flange 170 to complete the clothes receiving opening.
A bolt 174 and loose ring 176 may have a similar action on support
118 that is produced by bolt 152 and ring 154 on pipe 64B at the
right end of FIG. 9.
* * * * *