U.S. patent number 3,811,821 [Application Number 05/310,130] was granted by the patent office on 1974-05-21 for powder image fixing device for xerographic copying apparatus and method.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ricoh Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Kenzo Ariyama, Shigeru Muramatsu, Ryoichi Namiki.
United States Patent |
3,811,821 |
Ariyama , et al. |
May 21, 1974 |
POWDER IMAGE FIXING DEVICE FOR XEROGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS AND
METHOD
Abstract
A device comprising a heating, and fixing roller and a pressing
roller, the heating and fixing roller having a peripheral surface
to which powder of a powder image formed on a recording sheet by a
xerographic method is hard to adhere and the pressing roller having
a peripheral surface to which the powder readily adheres. The
recording sheet is passed between the two rollers so that the
powder image on the recording sheet may be fixed.
Inventors: |
Ariyama; Kenzo (Tokyo,
JA), Muramatsu; Shigeru (Tokyo, JA),
Namiki; Ryoichi (Tokyo, JA) |
Assignee: |
Ricoh Co., Ltd. (Tokyo,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
26439254 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/310,130 |
Filed: |
November 28, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Dec 3, 1971 [JA] |
|
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46-98054 |
Dec 3, 1971 [JA] |
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46-98055 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
432/8; 432/60;
219/216; 432/228; 118/60 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03G
15/206 (20130101); G03G 15/2064 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G03G
15/20 (20060101); F27b 009/28 () |
Field of
Search: |
;432/59,60,227,228,8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Camby; John J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cooper, Dunham, Clark, Griffin
& Moran
Claims
1. A powder image fixing device comprising a fixing roller having a
resilient periphery with a surface to which powder of a powder
image formed on a recording sheet is hard to adhere, a pressing
roller having a hard periphery with a surface to which the powder
readily adheres and maintained in pressing engagement with said
fixing roller, means for heating at least the fixing roller, and
means for feeding recording sheets each having a powder image
formed thereon between said fixing roller and said pressing roller
such that the powder image bearing surface of each recording sheet
is brought into contact with the periphery of the fixing
2. A device as set forth in claim 1 wherein the periphey of said
fixing
3. A device as set forth in claim 1 wherein the periphery of said
pressing roller is made of metal with a bare metal surface
maintained in pressing
4. A device as set forth in claim 1 further comprising a cleaning
roller having a periphery to which powder easily adheres and
maintained in
5. A device as set forth in claim 1 further comprising a cleaning
roller having a periphery to which powder readily adheres and
maintained in
6. A powder image fixing device comprising a fixing roller having a
resilient periphery with a surface to which powder of a powder
image formed on a recording sheet is hard to adhere, a pressing
roller having a hard periphery with a surface to which the powder
readily adheres and maintained in pressing engagement with said
fixing roller, said pressing roller pressing said fixing roller to
a degree such that the periphery of the latter is slightly
depressed, means for heating at least the fixing roller, and means
for feeding recording sheets each having a powder image formed
thereon between said fixing roller and said pressing roller such
that the powder image bearing surface of each recording sheet is
brought
7. A device as set forth in claim 6 wherein said fixing roller is
made of silicone rubber and said pressing roller is made of metal
with a bare metal surface maintained in pressing engagement with
said fixing roller.
8. A device as set forth in claim 6 further comprising a cleaning
roller having a periphery to which the powder readily adheres and
maintained in
9. A device as set forth in claim 4, including means for heating
said cleaning roller maintained in pressing engagement with said
fixing roller, to effect heating of said cleaning roller to a
degree such that the powder
10. A device as set forth in claim 5, including means for heating
said cleaning roller maintained in pressing engagement with said
pressing roller, to effect heating of said cleaning roller to a
degree such that
11. A device as set forth in claim 8, including means for heating
said cleaning roller maintained in pressing engagement with said
pressing roller, to effect heating of said cleaning roller to a
degree such that
12. In a powder image fixing device, in combination,
a. a fixing roller having a resilient surface to which powder of a
powder image is substantially nonadherent;
b. means for heating said fixing roller;
c. a pressing roller maintained in pressing engagement with said
fixing roller for cooperating therewith in fixing a powder image on
a recording sheet which is passed between the fixing and pressing
rollers with the powder image facing the fixing roller; and
d. a cleaning roller having a hard surface to which the powder is
readily
13. A method of fixing a powder image on a recording sheet,
comprising advancing the recording sheet between first and second
rollers with the image in facing relation to the first roller while
maintaining said rollers in pressing engagement and while heating
said sheet for fixing the image, said first roller having a
resilient surface resistant to pickup of powder from the image and
said second roller having a hard surface preferentially receptive
to powder from the image, and thereafter rotating the rollers with
their surfaces in direct pressing engagement with each other while
maintaining said second roller surface preferentially receptive to
powder as aforesaid, for effecting transfer to said second roller
surface of any powder transferred to said first roller surface
from
14. A method according to claim 13, wherein said second roller
surface is a bare metal surface and is brought into direct contact
with said first roller surface for transfer of powder therefrom as
aforesaid.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In an electrophotographic printing method known in the art as a
xerographic method, a positively charged electrostatic latent image
is formed on the periphery of a drum coated with selenium, and dark
powder generally referred to as a toner which is a fusible material
is negatively charged and caused to adhere to the charged regions
of the latent image to provide a toner or powder image. After being
transferred to a recording sheet, the powder image on the recording
sheet is heated and fixed by a heating and fixing method generally
consisting in passing the recording sheet between a heated fixing
roller and a pressing roller maintained in pressing engagement with
the fixing roller so that the powder of the powder image on the
recording sheet may be fused and caused to adhere to the sheet.
Some disadvantages are associated with this method. The periphery
of the fixing roller which is brought into contact with the powder
image tends to soil recording sheets by forming offset thereon from
the powder previously adhering to the roller. When the temperature
of the fixing roller is not sufficiently high, non-fused powder
itself tends to soil the recording sheets by adhering thereto and
forming offset thereon; when the temperature of the fixing roller
is too high, fused powder tensd to soil the recording sheets by
adhering thereto to form offset thereon. It is thus required to
select, for the fixing roller, a suitable material to which a toner
is hard to adhere and to suitably control the temperature at which
fixing is carried out, in order to prevent the forming of offset on
recording sheets. However, difficulty is encountered in effecting
control of fixing temperature.
Another disadvantage is that recording sheets tend to be wound on
the fixing roller. In order to prevent this phenomenon, it is
desirable that means be provided for causing the leading end of
each recording sheet to move away from the fixing roller, in
addition to preventing offset from being formed on each recording
sheet by powder adhering to the fixing roller.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a device for fusing and fixing, by means
of at least one heating roller, a powder image on a recording sheet
formed by electrographic printing method.
An object of the invention is to provide a powder image fixing
device comprising a fixing roller of a material hard to form offset
and a pressing roller of a material easy to form offset, the small
quantity of powder adhering to the periphery of the fixing roller
being caused to be transferred to the pressing roller when no
recording sheet is present between the two rollers whereby the
periphery of the fixing roller can be maintained free from powder
at all times and soiling of recording sheets can be precluded.
Another object of the invention is to provide a powder image fixing
device in which the fixing roller brought into direct contact with
powder images is made of a material of relatively high resilience
to which powder is hard to adhere, the pressing roller has a
diameter slightly smaller than that of the fixing roller and is
made of a relatively hard material, and a small depression is
caused to be formed in a portion of the periphery of the fixing
roller which is brought into contact with the pressing roller to
facilitate peeling off of each recording sheet of its own accord
from the periphery of the fixing roller.
According to the invention, there is provided a powder image fixing
device comprising a fixing roller made of a material to which the
powder of powder images is hard to adhere and a pressing roller
made of a material to which the powder readily adheres, so as to
maintain the fixing roller free from powder at all times to
preclude soiling of recording sheets.
According to the invention, there is provided a powder image fixing
device comprising a fixing roller made of a resilient material to
which the powder of powder images is hard to adhere and a pressing
roller made of a relatively hard material to which the powder
readily adheres, the pressing roller having a diameter smaller than
that of the fixing roller and the two rollers being arranged such
that a small depression is formed on the periphery of the fixing
roller when brought into contact with the periphery of the pressing
roller whereby each recording sheet can be readily peeled off from
the fixing roller without being wound thereon and adhesion of
powder to the periphery of the fixing roller can be precluded.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The drawings are side views showing in schematic form various
embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the powder image fixing device
in its most basic form according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary schematic side view of the device using a
heater roller for effecting heating of the fixing roller;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the device having a plurality of
cleaning rollers for the fixing roller and the pressing roller
respectively;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the device in which the fixing
roller is made of a resilient material and the pressing roller is
made of a relatively hard material; and
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the device shown in FIG. 4 to
which a plurality of cleaning rollers are provided.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A fixing roller 1 rotatably supported by suitable means by a frame
F is maintained in contact with a pressing roller 2 which presses
against roller 1, rollers 1 and 2 rotating in the direction of
respective arrows. Well known rod-shaped heaters 3 and 4 are
disposed in rollers 1 and 2 respectively.
Fixing roller 1 is made of silicone rubber or other material to
which powder of a developing agent is hard to adhere while pressing
roller 2 is made of metal or other material to which the powder
readily adheres, the former having a certain degree of resilience
and the latter being hard.
A blade 5 has its forward end maintained in contact with the
periphery of pressing roller 2 to scrape off impurities adhering
thereto. A recording sheet 6 formed thereon with a powder image 7
(toner image) by a well-known xerographic method is moved in the
direction of an arrow 8 and passed between two rollers 1 and 2.
Even if fixing roller 1 is made of a material to which the powder
is hard to adhere, the powder of powder image 7 on recording sheet
6 may inadvertently adhere to the periphery of the fixing roller.
However, since rollers 1 and 2 are brought into contact with each
other at their peripheries after recording sheet 6 has passed
between them, the toner or powder remaining on the periphery of
fixing roller 1 is transferred and adheres to the periphery of
pressing roller 2 to which it readily adheres. Thus, pressing
roller 2 concurrently serves as a cleaning roller for fixing roller
1 and need to use cleaning means which has hitherto been provided
for fixing roller 1 is eliminated. Without the cleaning means,
fixing roller 1 can be maintained free from powder on its periphery
at all times.
Two rollers 1 and 2 can be heated by providing a heater 11 and a
reflector 12 near the periphery of fixing roller 1, or a heater
roller 13 can be maintained in engagement with the periphery of the
fixing roller as shown in FIG. 2 to heat fixing roller 1 directly
and pressing roller 2 indirectly, by eliminating heaters 3 and
4.
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment comprising a fixing roller 31 and a
pressing roller 32 maintained in pressing engagement with each
other and rotating in the directions of respective arrows, heaters
33 and 34 being built in rollers 31 and 32 respectively. Two
rollers 31 and 32 are made of silicone rubber or other resilient
material to which powder is hard to adhere, and cleaning rollers 35
and 36 made of aluminum or other hard material to which powder
readily adheres are maintained in pressing engagement with rollers
31 and 32 respectively.
When recording sheet 6 is passed between rollers 31 and 32, a
quantity of powder remains on the peripheries of rollers 31 and 32
but is soon transferred and adheres to cleaning rollers 35 and 36
to which powder readily adheres. Thus, fixing roller 31 and
pressing roller 32 are maintained free from powder at all times and
formation of offset on recording sheets by fixing roller 31 can be
precluded. Once powder adheres to the peripheries of cleaning
rollers 35 and 36, the efficiency of cleaning rollers is increased
because the ease with which powder adheres to the cleaning rollers
is increased with each increment of powder adhering thereto. The
cleaning rollers increase their size with use but they are
effective to perform cleaning of fixing roller 31 and pressing
roller 32 in spite of increased adhesion of powder thereto.
In FIG. 4, there is shown an embodiment comprising a fixing roller
41 made of a resilient material to which powder of the powder image
on a recording sheet is hard to adhere and a pressing roller 42
made of a hard material. Roller 42 has a diameter smaller than that
of roller 41, so that the periphery of roller 42 bites into the
periphery of roller 41 when they are maintained in pressing
engagement with each other while rotating in the directions of
respective arrows. The periphery of fixing roller 41 is heated by a
heater 44 provided with a reflector 43 or by heater roller 13 shown
in FIG. 2. Pressing roller 42 is made of aluminum or other metal to
which powder readily adheres, and a blade 45 has its forward end
maintained in engagement with the periphery of pressing roller 42
to scrape off impurities from the periphery of pressing roller 42.
Recording sheet 6 formed thereon with powder image 7 is fed in the
direction of arrow 8 by feed means (not shown) and passed between
the two rollers 41 and 42. Pick-off claws 46 and 49 are disposed
near the peripheries of rollers 41 and 42 and on the exit side of
the path of recording sheet 6 between the two rollers 41 and 42 to
pick off a recording sheet which might otherwise stick to the
periphery of either roller 41 or 42.
In order to preclude adhesion of powder to fixing roller 41, it is
required to apply silicone oil to its periphery or to clean the
periphery by means of a cleaning roller. When a quantity of powder
of powder image 7 adheres to fixing roller 41, powder is naturally
transferred and adheres to pressing roller 42 because it is hard to
adhere to roller 41 but readily adheres to roller 42. As a result,
fixing roller 41 is maintained clean and free from powder at all
times, and the tendency of recording a sheet to be wound thereon
inadvertently can be precluded.
When recording sheet 6 is discharged from the contact portions of
rollers 41 and 42, it is curved by a recess formed in roller 41 and
its leading end moves in a direction along an imaginary line 11, so
that recording sheet 6 frees itself from fixing roller 41 of its
own accord.
In one example, fixing roller 41 made of silicone rubber and having
a diameter of 50.phi. was heated to 160.degree. to 180.degree.C,
and pressing roller 42 made of iron and having a diameter of
30.phi. was heated to 135.degree. to 155.degree.C. When recording
sheet 6 was fed to rollers 41 and 42 at a rate of 10 cm/sec, it was
possible to obtain good fixing of the powder image without powder
adhering to roller 41 and without recording sheet 6 being wound
inadvertently on roller 41.
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment comprising a fixing roller 51 made
of a material to which powder is hard to adhere and a pressing
roller made of a material to which powder is hard or slightly hard
to adhere. Cleaning rollers 53 and 54 made of metal or other hard
material to which powder readily adheres are kept in pressing
engagement with rollers 51 and 52 respectively. Powder adhering to
fixing roller 51 and pressing roller 52 is transferred and adheres
to cleaning rollers 53 and 54, so that rollers 51 and 52 can be
kept clean and free from powder at all times. With an increase in
the quantity of powder adhering to cleaning rollers 53 and 54, the
efficiency of cleaning rollers increases because each increment of
powder increases the tackiness of the peripheries of cleaning
rollers.
If the cleaning rollers 35, 36, 54 and 55 shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5
are heated to a degree such that the powder adhering to their
peripheries becomes tacky, cleaning efficiency can be increased. A
heater may be provided in each cleaning roller or each cleaning
roller may be heated from outside for heating the cleaning
rollers.
* * * * *