U.S. patent number 3,809,397 [Application Number 05/240,446] was granted by the patent office on 1974-05-07 for apparatus for developing quickness in swinging of a baseball bat.
Invention is credited to Bryan J. Gruenewald.
United States Patent |
3,809,397 |
Gruenewald |
May 7, 1974 |
APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING QUICKNESS IN SWINGING OF A BASEBALL
BAT
Abstract
Exercise apparatus for use in conjunction with an ordinary
baseball bat including a tubular tapered body that is inserted over
the handle end of the bat and lodges near the hitting end of the
bat. The tapered body mounts air resistance vanes, spaced around
its circumference, and received in channels formed by lengthwise,
parallel channel wall members attached to the tapered body. In use,
the apparatus is installed over a bat, and the bat swung in the
normal fashion. The user experiences the feel of substantially the
normal swing augmented by greatly increased resistance. The
resistance is at a maximum at the highest velocity. This produces
maximum conditioning and developing effect on the wrists and those
muscles involved in the follow through portion of the swing.
Inventors: |
Gruenewald; Bryan J. (San
Diego, CA) |
Family
ID: |
26865671 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/240,446 |
Filed: |
April 3, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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170075 |
Aug 8, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
473/457;
473/228 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/0002 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/00 (20060101); A63b 069/40 () |
Field of
Search: |
;273/26B,67R,1.5A,16.5C
;D34/15ZZ,5DA ;D52/6D ;264/137 ;46/74A,74B,74C |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1,148,138 |
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Dec 1957 |
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FR |
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353,638 |
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Feb 1931 |
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GB |
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Other References
Machine Digest, pp. 152-154, Nov. 26, 1959..
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Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Brown; Theatrice
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Brown & Martin
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of a copending
application for EXERCISE DEVICE FOR SWINGING A BASEBALL BAT, Ser.
No. 170,075 filed Aug. 8, 1971 (and since abandoned).
Claims
1. Exercize apparatus for developing strength and quickness in the
swinging of a baseball bat comprising:
an elongated bat having a handle portion sized to be grasped by the
hands of a user adjacent a first end thereof, and an enlarged
second end,
at least three substantially planar air resistance vanes,
said vanes being secured on said bat at the second end thereof,
each of said vanes extending radially outwardly from said bat and
being parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof,
said vanes being spaced from one another in equal circumferential
increments about said bat,
whereby increased resistance to movement of said bat is experienced
as the velocity of said second end increases and said resistance is
substantially
2. Exercize apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
four planar air resistance vanes are spaced at 90.degree.
increments around
3. Exercize apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
said vanes are secured to said bat through a tubular body engaging
said
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein,
5. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein,
6. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein:
said tubular body comprises a substantially cylindrical sleeve
having an inside diameter slightly smaller than the outside
diameter of said enlarged second end of said bat and mounting
elongated vane receiving channels,
said channels comprising two parallel spaced apart walls extending
radially
7. Exercize apparatus according to claim 6 wherein:
said inside diameter of said tubular body tapers from a narrow end
to a wide end,
8. Exercize apparatus according to claim 6 wherein:
said inside diameter of said tubular body tapers from a narrow end
to a wide end,
said taper having an increased slope at the mid portion of said
body for
9. Apparatus according to claim 6 comprising,
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein,
said fastener means for securing said vane elements in an
adjustable position along said channel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various devices have been utilized to facilitate the development of
muscular strength and coordination to produce a quick and powerful
swing.
The more complex types of apparatus include mechanisms for
providing an appropriate resistance on a cable moved by the user
through the approximate motions encountered in a swing of a
baseball bat in an attempt to develop the proper muscles for an
improved swing. These devices are quite complex, and therefore
expensive, and do not hold up well in service. Further, they do not
closely simulate the actual forces encountered during the swing of
a baseball bat, and therefore develop unneeded muscles, while not
properly developing the muscles most needed.
Another type of exercise device, used in conjunction with baseball
bats, is a weighted ring received over the hitting end of the bat,
to be swung with the bat, thereby increasing the effort necessary
to accelerate the bat to speed and creating the potential for
muscle development. The conditioning effect is based on the inertia
of the weight and therefore produces a maximum increase in the
resistance to the swinging of the bat, at the first part of the
swing, while the weight is being accelerated. It therefore does not
develop those muscles required to snap the bat through as the
wrists break, or to follow through. In fact, the inertia carries
the bat through the breaking of the wrists to apply additional
force at this part of the swing. The effect experienced is opposite
to that desired. The same deficiencies that apply to the device
when utilized for exercise, also apply to its use for warm up. The
psychological effect of the device is to make the bat feel lighter
and therefore give a batter confidence. However, the strain which
the device places on the batter's muscles is improperly placed.
Those muscles that are most important to a quick accurate swing
have not been stressed and the net effect of the device is to throw
off a batter's timing and concentration.
Thus all of the prior art devices are unsatisfactory for use in
exercise and warm up for a baseball swing, because they are not
"the swing" that is, they do not closely simulate the forces and
feel of an actual swing using a standard baseball bat. To the
extent that these devices or techniques deviate from the swing,
they tend to develop extraneous muscles. The muscles often work
against those muscles most needed for a quick powerful swing.
Many baseball authorities agree that ability to hit the fast ball
is essential to develop the confidence and positive approach to
batting that is necessary for an all around successful batter.
Thus, there is a need for a device that may be utilized by a
baseball player, that will assist in the development of the muscles
and agility, necessary to improve quickness and power in the swing,
particularly to develop that quickness necessary to more
consistently hit a fast ball pitch.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The apparatus of the invention provides a means for conditioning,
exercising and warming up for the swing in baseball, by providing
an apparatus to be secured to a baseball bat that is light in
weight but which has a large vane area to produce increasing
resistance to the movement of the bat as the speed of the bat
increases. The light weight of the apparatus, and the fact that it
is distributed along the bat diminishes the inertia effect, to
emphasize the air resistance effect, so that maximum conditioning
is obtained at the snap of the wrist, where the bat is moving near
maximum speed, as well as in the follow through.
The invention incorporates a body means that is received over a
baseball bat and becomes lodged thereon. The body means provides
for the mounting of a plurality of vane means. The vane means
comprise substantially planar vane elements that extend along the
bat and outward therefrom to present a large area to the air
through which the bat is swung, independent of the rotational
orientation of the bat. The vane mounting provision on the body
means is configured so that it compliments the stiffness of the
vanes, to enable the use of minimum vane thicknesses while
retaining the requisite rigidity.
The body means is tapered at substantially the same angle that a
baseball bat tapers, but includes a double tapered section. This
section ensures that the device will consistently lodge on the bat
in approximately the same longitudinal position so that predictable
swing forces are obtained. Provision is made for the vanes to be
adjusted longitudinally along the bat, to permit variation in the
swing force. Further, the body means is so configured that it is
readily adaptable to mass production techniques while retaining the
desired strength and durability characteristics.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a new and
improved apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the
swinging of a baseball bat.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat, that is easily secured to and removed from a
standard baseball bat.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that is light in weight.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that distributes its weight over a considerable
longitudinal distance on the bat.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that is highly durable.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that is low in manufacturing cost.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that has an adjustable conditioning effect.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that emphasizes the conditioning effect at the point
where the bat is at its maximum speed.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that closely simulates the feel and forces
encountered during a normal baseball swing.
It is another object of the invention to provide a new and improved
apparatus for developing quickness and strength in the swinging of
a baseball bat that produces vane stiffness with a minimum weight
penalty.
Other objects and many attendant advantages of the invention will
become more apparent upon a reading of the following detailed
description together with the drawings in which like reference
numerals refer to like parts throughout and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus attached to a
baseball bat.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view, partially cut away.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 3--3 of FIG.
2.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 4--4 of FIG.
2.
Referring now to the drawings, there is illustrated an exemplary
embodiment of the invention. The apparatus comprises a tubular
tapered body means 10 and four vane means 12, inserted over a bat
13.
The body 10 is comprised of two extruded sections 14 and 16 that
are keyed together by aligning pins 18 and 20 received in opposed
recesses 22 and 24. The body portion may be comprised of a
plurality of materials however it has been found that ABS plastic
is particularly suitable for mass production by injection molding,
and provides excellant mechanical properties having sufficient
rigidity to support the vanes, while retaining the necessary
flexibility and toughness. Thus, ABS plastic or other polycarbonate
plastics are a preferred material for use in conjunction with the
invention.
The body portion mounts a plurality of left and right channel wall
members 30 and 32, that are radially disposed from the central axis
of the tubular body portion, and extend outwardly therefrom a
sufficient distance to provide a channel for receiving the vanes.
Additional rigidity and strength for the channel wall member is
provided by three sets of gussets, spaced longitudinally along the
tubular body portion, and on opposite sides of the channel wall
members. The outermost longitudinal sets of gussets include gussets
40 and 42 for each channel wall member set. Gussets 44 and 46 are
located centrally of the tubular body portion, and gussets 48 and
50 are located closest to the handle end of the apparatus.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the tapered configuration of the tubular
body means is illustrated. The hitting end of the tubular body
portion 52 has a diameter in excess of the largest diameter of the
bat. For example for use on conventional bats, the hitting end 52
has an inside diameter of 2.70 inches. This section tapers to 2.70
inches at the beginning of the double tapered section 54. The
double tapered section has a relatively rapid taper from 2.70
inches to 2.58 inches. The 2.58 inch dimension corresponds to the
maximum bat diameter. Therefore the device would normally lodge on
the bat with bat end 15 in the double tapered section. The
remaining taper is at the taper rate equal to the conventional bat
taper so that the device closely conforms to the surface of the
bat. The handle end of the apparatus 60 has an inside diameter of
approximately 2.30 inches. To reduce the total weight and the
amount of material needed, the body is provided with lightening
holes 33, 35 and 37.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there are illustrated the vane means 12.
The vane means are generally rectangular in configuration with
rounded corners and including a tapered edge 64 and an enlarged
rounded corner 65. The positioning of the taper is such that the
maximum vane area, is at the maximum distance from the handle end
of the bat, and therefore has a maximum resistance to the rapid
movement of the bat through the air. It has been found that a total
vane area in excess of three square feet is desirable. While
numerous materials may be acceptable for use in the vane
construction, it has been found that glass fiber reinforced plastic
is extremely suitable particularly because it is compatible with a
polycarbonate plastic tubular body portion. The fiberglass may be
approximately 0.037 inches in thickness, and may be die stamped to
reduce manufacturing cost.
The vanes are received within the channels formed by the channel
wall members 30 and 32, and are secured to the channel wall members
by a plurality of screws 66 and nut 68 received through
corresponding holes in the vane and channel. The vane is provided
with a plurality of adjustment holes. In the instant embodiment it
is provided with three holes 70 at its inner most end and three
holes 72 at its outermost end to accommodate three positions of
adjustment of the vane along the channel. This enables the user to
adjust the total resistance effect.
OPERATION
In use, the apparatus of the invention is installed over a baseball
bat 13, by inserting the handle end of the bat through the enlarged
end 52 of the tubular tapered body means 10. The bat handle is
smaller than the smallest diameter 60 of the body means and
therefore slides through the body until the large hitting end of
the bat lodges against the tapered inner diameter of the tubular
body means. The consistent positioning of the bat is ensured by the
double tapered section 54 which tapers to the maximum bat diameter
of approximately 2.58 inches and therefore ensures that the hitting
end 15 of the bat will be lodged approximately in the position
illustrated in FIG. 2.
After installation on the bat the apparatus may be utilized in
conditioning or warm up exercising. In both uses, the emphasis of
the device on velocity resistance, rather than in inertia
resistance, ensures that the development of the muscles will be
accentuated at the point of the swing where maximum velocity is
obtained. In particular, the device emphasizes the development of
those muscles necessary to achieve quickness and strength in
batting. The device also produces a conditioning effect on the
follow through, rather than being propelled through the follow
through portion of the swing, by the inertia of the weight. The
apparatus design produces a low weight configuration. If a user
determines that the resistance effect is improper for his purpose,
then the conditioning effect may be varied by moving the vanes
along the channels, and resecuring the vanes in a new position
through one of the plurality of securing holes 70 and 72. After
use, the device may be removed from the bat by reversing the
installation process, and tapping the bat or otherwise forcing it
out of the enlarged end 52 of the body means.
* * * * *