U.S. patent number 3,807,699 [Application Number 05/325,110] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-30 for safety guard rail for highway medians.
Invention is credited to William Henry Getty France.
United States Patent |
3,807,699 |
France |
April 30, 1974 |
SAFETY GUARD RAIL FOR HIGHWAY MEDIANS
Abstract
A barrier or guard rail on a highway median which has a gutter
on each side sufficiently deep and wide so that wheels of vehicles
which collide with the barrier fall into the gutter and their axles
or under carriages drag on the upper edge of the gutter. Warning
lights or beacons, which are either automatically or manually
operated, may be placed on the barrier to warn oncoming vehicles of
a possible mishap. The barrier or gutter may also contain
electronic sensing devices which alert highway personnel of the
location of a vehicle in trouble.
Inventors: |
France; William Henry Getty
(Ormond Beach, FL) |
Family
ID: |
23266488 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/325,110 |
Filed: |
January 19, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
256/13.1; 256/1;
404/6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F
9/669 (20160201); E01F 15/0492 (20130101); E01F
15/083 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E01F
9/03 (20060101); E01F 15/04 (20060101); E01F
15/08 (20060101); E01F 9/011 (20060101); E01F
15/02 (20060101); E01f 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;256/13.1
;404/2,6,7,8,9,71,4 ;340/114B,51,61 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,350,411 |
|
Oct 1963 |
|
FR |
|
1,197,110 |
|
Jul 1965 |
|
DT |
|
Primary Examiner: Boler; James R.
Assistant Examiner: Berman; Conrad L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Morton, Bernard, Brown, Roberts
& Sutherland
Claims
Having described the preferred embodiment of my invention as
required by law and desiring not to be limited thereby but only by
the following, I claim:
1. A system for controlling the path of vehicles accidentally
leaving a roadway and for restraining the vehicles from rebounding
into the roadway comprising
a. a roadway having a generally horizontal, hard surface,
b. a vehicle having an axle, tires and undercarriage,
c. vertical barrier means disposed parallel and adjacent to said
roadway for restraining the vehicle from leaving the road,
d. said vertical barrier means adjoining and forming the outer wall
of a generally horizontal gutter,
e. said gutter having a depth in excess of the vertical distance
between the bottom of said tires and the undercarriage and
axle,
f. said vertical barrier means having a height from said gutter in
excess of the diameter of a vehicle tire,
g. means comprising the upper surface of an inner wall of said
gutter, cooperating with the axle or undercarriage of said vehicle
for decelerating said vehicle and preventing the rebounding back
onto said roadway of said vehicle,
h. said upper surface disposed below the level of the roadway,
i. the bottom of said gutter being below the level of the
roadway,
j. means for drainage located in said gutter,
k. said drainage means disposed below the level of the roadway.
2. The structure of claim 1 in which manually actuated warning
beacons are mounted on the barrier.
3. The structure of claim 1 in which automatically-actuated warning
beacons are mounted on the barrier.
4. The structure of claim 1 in which warning signals are actuated
in connection with said vehicle's lodging in the gutter.
5. The structure of claim 1 in which electronic sensing devices,
embedded in the barrier or gutter, transmit signals responsive to
the location of said vehicle on the roadway.
6. The combination of claim 1 in which the barrier means is the
median of a divided two way highway and said gutter means adjoin
both sides of said barrier.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The field of this invention is highway barriers and guard rails for
use on medians which serve to prevent collisions between traffic
going in opposite directions. On multi-lane highways, there is a
manifest danger of vehicles crossing the median into lanes of
oncoming traffic. This danger has increased in recent years as the
nation's highways have become more crowded and cars have become
faster. The widening of highways by changing part or all of a once
safely wide median into additional traffic lanes has increased the
likelihood of these dangerous accidents.
To prevent these dangers, the art has developed and built barriers,
often of reinforced concrete, which are strong enough to prevent a
car from crashing through them. While these barriers have thus
prevented any collision with oncoming traffic, they often throw the
crashing vehicle back into its own highway lane, causing disastrous
collisions with vehicles traveling in its direction. The prior art
has also addressed the problem of vehicles rebounding into the
stream of traffic as for instance the disclosure of U.S. Leters
Pat. No. 3,288,440.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
My invention is a barrier, designed to prevent traffic crashing
through it into other lanes of traffic, with gutters next to the
barrier which are sufficiently wide that when a vehicle crashes
against it, the wheels of the vehicle on the side near the barrier
fall into the gutter. The sides of the gutter of my invention are
sufficiently deep that, once the wheels are in it, (1) the vehicle
is not likely to rebound off the barrier back into traffic and (2)
the axle or undercarriage of the vehicle will scrape along the
upper edge of the gutter, thus acting to slow the vehicle.
A car may crash out of control into a barrier due to a failure of
the steering or brakes or due to a heart attack or other incapacity
of the driver. This invention is designed to protect the driver and
occupants and occupants of other vehicles from further
injuries.
The barrier may have beacons on it, either manually or
automatically operated, which will warn traffic that a vehicle has
hit the barrier or is in the gutter. The barrier or gutter may have
electronic sensing devices imbedded in them to notify highway
personnel of the location where a vehicle is in the gutter. The
gutter would have drains built into it of sufficient size to handle
rain water or melting snow from the highway. This invention
eliminates the present form of highway gutter. The whole structure
may be built adjacent to the highway road bed or be separated from
it, by an area of grass for example.
While I have discussed my invention in the context of a divider
between two streams of traffic going in opposite directions, my
structure can also be built on a side of a roadway with no traffic
on the other side of the barrier or it may separate two streams of
traffic both traveling in the same direction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of my invention, made of concrete with
reinforcing bars, in use with a tractor trailer lodged safely
against the barrier with wheels of the vehicle in the gutter and
signals turned on.
FIG. 2, a vertical transverse sectional view taken substantially
along line 2-2 in FIG. 1, shows the trailer wheels in the gutter
and the axle and undercarriage resting on the pressure sensitive
switching strip and the upper edge of the gutter. In this
embodiment, the wheels of the truck do not contact the bottom of
the gutter.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged perspective view of my invention
as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but with the roadway built up to the
gutter's edge.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2, but with an
automobile lodged safely in the gutter.
FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 3, but shows a manually actuated distress
beacon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In its preferred embodiment, the guard rail 10 is separated from
adjoining roadways 11, 12 by grass areas 13, 14 about one vehicle
wide. The center barrier 15 and the gutters 16, 17 are made of
reinforced concrete. The top of the center barrier is approximately
6 feet above the bottom of the gutter, the gutter is approximately
3 to 4 feet wide (wide enough to accommodate large dual truck and
bus wheels and tires), and the upper edge of the side 18 of the
gutter and the surrounding ground are approximately 18 inches above
the bottom of the gutter. The surface of the bottom of the gutter
is approximately parallel to the grade of the highway and the angle
of the wall of the gutter to its bottom, and of the barrier to the
bottom of the gutter, are each about 90.degree.. The gutter has
adequate drains 26; and beacons 21 are placed at reasonable
intervals. When a vehicle tire lodges in the gutter, sensing means
are triggered, for instance sensing strips 22. This actuates
through electric connector 23, 24 the beacons 21 for a sufficient
distance in front of and to the rear of the vehicle to warn
oncoming traffic. For example, strip 22 may be segmentized into
quarter mile sections with each section connected to a different
radio frequency transmitting device which can broadcast to highway
personnel at a central location when the sensing strip for a
particular quarter mile is triggered, thus identifying the location
of the lodged vehicle as being within that particular one-quarter
mile interval. The sensing strip itself or auxiliary electronic
means may also alert highway personnel of the location of the
lodged vehicle. Beacons 21 may also be manually actuated by
switches 25.
The beacons 21 may be mounted on poles to prevent them being
obscured by snow on the barrier top. Also on top of the barrier may
be headlight reflecting fences where road contours make oncoming
headlights visible.
The bottom of the gutter will have drains 26 which will replace the
present drainage system of highways.
An automobile which is heading off a roadway will usually be
skidding sideways and either the front or rear wheel will lodge in
the gutter. Inertial forces will then usually carry the other wheel
into the gutter. With both wheels in the gutter the center of
gravity is lowered thus lessening the chance of the car
flipping.
* * * * *