U.S. patent number 3,807,467 [Application Number 05/225,647] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-30 for medicament filling unit.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sherwood Medical Industries, Inc.. Invention is credited to Elmer A. Koenig, Edward R. Tascher.
United States Patent |
3,807,467 |
Tascher , et al. |
April 30, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
MEDICAMENT FILLING UNIT
Abstract
A container, container cap, tubing and nozzle unit for filling a
plurality of syringes, adapted for disposal after medicament in the
container has been exhausted to minimize or eliminate contamination
to an associated syringe filling machine, including a container
filled with medicament having a seal over the open end of the
container, a cap for the container having self-piercing connectors
which are pushed through the container seal upon capping of the
container, the cap being provided with a groove permitting simple
releasable connection of the unit in the syringe filling machine,
there being provided a first plastic tube connected to the cap and
communicating with one of the connectors and having a free end that
is releasably connected to an outlet fitting of a pump associated
with the syringe filling machine, there also being provided a
second tube connected to the container cap and communicating with
the other connector for delivering medicament from the container to
a filling station in the associated machine, with an integral
nozzle provided on the end of the second tube so that the
medicament does not come in contact with any portion of the filling
machine.
Inventors: |
Tascher; Edward R. (Manchester,
MO), Koenig; Elmer A. (Kirkwood, MO) |
Assignee: |
Sherwood Medical Industries,
Inc. (St. Louis, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
21833241 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/225,647 |
Filed: |
February 11, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
26682 |
Apr 8, 1970 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
141/375; 141/329;
141/382; 222/86; 222/325; 222/400.7; 53/282; 141/18; 53/319 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B
3/003 (20130101); A61J 1/2096 (20130101); A61M
5/1782 (20130101); A61J 1/201 (20150501); A61M
2207/00 (20130101); A61J 1/2082 (20150501); A61J
1/2075 (20150501); A61J 1/2013 (20150501) |
Current International
Class: |
A61J
1/00 (20060101); A61M 5/178 (20060101); B65B
3/00 (20060101); B65b 003/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;141/18,25-27,329,330,382,369,375
;222/4,80-82,85,86,325,399,400.5,400.7 ;248/312 ;53/282
;128/214,214E,214F,DIG.12,DIG.13 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bell, Jr.; Houston S.
Assistant Examiner: Gorenstein; Charles
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 26,682 filed Apr. 8,
1970, now abandoned.
Claims
We claim:
1. A syringe medicament filling system, comprising: frame means,
pump means on said frame means having an inlet and an outlet
fitting on said frame means, a filling station on said frame means
having means or positioning a syringe to be filled, a disposable
medicament container on said frame means having a connector cap
thereon, and tubing means releasably connecting said container to
the outlet fitting, said connector cap and frame means having
interengaging means or releasably retaining the cap and container
in position, said interengaging means including a pair of spaced
guides on said frame means, and recess means on said cap sized to
be snugly received by said frame guides.
2. A syringe medicament filling system as defined in claim 1,
wherein said frame means in constructed to hold said container in
an inverted position.
3. A medicament filling system for a syringe, comprising: frame
means, pump means on said frame means having an outlet fitting on
said frame means, a filling station on said frame means having
means for positioning a syringe, nozzle support means at said
filling station, a disposable dispensing unit including a
container, cap means on said container, first tube means connected
to said cap means and releasably connected to said pump means
fitting, second tube means connected to said cap means and having a
nozzle at one end, said nozzle being releasably held by said nozzle
support means, and means on said frame means for releasably holding
said container, whereby the container, cap means and tube means may
be removed from the system as a unit, said cap means having a
recess therein, said means on said frame means for releasably
holding said container including spaced guide means on said frame
means releasably engaged in said cap means recess.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
Syringes have in the past been filled at hospitals by a variety of
methods. One such method or procedure is employed in conjunction
with a single medicament container from which a plurality of
syringes are filled by a nurse or technician at the hospital.
Frequently these containers are of the type having a rubber or
other synthetic material seal cover permanently covering the open
end thereof and through which the needle of the luer syringe is
inserted.
Each syringe is filled by inserting the needle through the
container seal and withdrawing the syringe plunger manually until
the technician observes the desired medicament level in the syringe
at which time withdrawal of the plunger is terminated, and the
needle is withdrawn from the container seal. This operation is
generally repeated by the technician with a plurality of syringes
until the medicament in the container is exhausted and then the
container is disposed of.
There are several disadvantages in this procedure. One is that it
is extremely slow and requires a great deal of technician dexterity
to achieve the proper level of filling in the syringe barrel.
Another disadvantage, and perhaps a more serious one, is that of
contaminating the syringes through the repeated piercing of the
same medicament container seal or through cross contamination by
the technician's hands.
To obviate these problems a turret syringe filling machine has been
devised which is usable at the hospital for filling syringes in an
accurate, rapid and aseptic manner. This turret syringe filling
machine is disclosed and claimed in the copending application of
Edward R. Tascher et al, Ser. No. 26,683, filed Apr. 8, 1970,
entitled "Syringe Filling Apparatus", assigned to the assignee of
the present invention now abandoned. This machine includes a turret
assembly that holds the syringes and indexes them from a first
station where the syringe is filled to a scond station where the
syringe plunger is inserted and a third station where the plunger
is activated in a manner described more fully below. A pump is
provided for delivering medicament from the prefilled medicament
container to the turret filling station.
In delivering fluid from the medicament bottle to the syringes
there exists the problem of contaminating the filling machine and
more particularly the problem of contaminating the main filling
pump, the valving for controlling medicament flow and the nozzle
positioned at the filling station. That is, after each medicament
container is exhausted and another container inserted with a
different medicament, the pump tubing, valve and nozzle would,
employing conventional dispensing techniques, contain the residue
of medicament from the previous container which could cause
contamination either as a result of the long exposure of the
residue or because of a change in medicaments.
It is a primary object of the present invention to obviate the
problems noted above to provide a comtamination-free filling
system.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention a disposable medicament
container dispensing unit is provided that eliminates contamination
of the syringe filling machine described. The medicament dispensing
unit includes a container cap having self-piercing connectors that
are adapted to pierce the seal on a medicament container as the cap
is inserted over the top of the container. The cap has a recess
around the periphery thereof that is insertable in spaced tracks in
the filling machine frame in a manner to hold the medicament
container in an inverted position.
Extending from the cap is a first flexible plastic tube
communicating with one of the connectors; the other end of this
tube being releasably connectable to a stationary pump outlet
fitting on the machine frame. The pump pumps only air through this
outlet fitting and thus the outlet fitting on the machine frame
never comes in contact with any medicament.
Also extending from the dispensing unit cap is a second flexible
plastic tube communicating with the other self-piercing connector.
This defines the container outlet tube, and during loading of the
dispensing unit, this outlet tube is threaded through a selectively
occluding pinch valve which squeezes the exterior of the tube to
initiate and terminate the dispensing function. In this manner the
valve never comes in contact with any of the medicament so that it
does not require sterilization after use.
On the end of this dispensing tube is an integral filler nozzle
that is part of the disposable dispensing unit. This nozzle is held
by a nozzle support which is part of the filling machine at the
filling station. Medicament does not, however, contact the nozzle
support.
Thus the entire filling machine remains free of contamination from
medicament, and moreover the dispensing unit according to the
present invention, is isolated from the machine in a manner to
avoid contamination of the medicament.
The cap, tubing and nozzle unit are prepackaged in an aseptic
plastic container for delivery to the hospital at which the filling
machine is located. In use the dispensing unit package is opened
and the cap inserted over the desired medicament container. The
tubes are then connected in the proper manner and the machine
operated until the medicament in the container is exhausted. At
that time the container and the entire dispensing unit including
cap, tubing and nozzle are disposed of. When an additional syringe
filling is required, a new disposable dispensing unit is connected
to a new container and the assembly inserted into the filling
machine in the same manner.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a syringe filling machine with a
disposable dispensing unit in operative position;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the syringe filling machine shown
in FIG. 1 with the syringe elements and disposable dispensing unit
removed;
FIG. 3 is a top elevation, with the cover removed, of the syringe
filling machine shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the syringe
filling machine;
FIG. 5 is a rear elevation of the filling machine, with the cover
removed, with parts broken away for clarity;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view of one of the upper turret
support plunger holders;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary section of one of the upper
turret support plunger holders;
FIG. 8 is a subassembly view of the plunger assembly camming
station;
FIG. 9 is a subassembly illustration of the disposable dispensing
unit in relation to a syringe barrel shown schematically at the
filling station;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary section of the disposable
dispensing unit container cap;
FIG. 11 is a subassembly view of the disposable dispensing unit in
a prepackaged condition;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a syringe at the filling
station;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a syringe at the filling
station showing the fluid level sensing photocell;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a syringe at the plunger
insert station;
FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of two syringes passing through
the plunger camming station; and
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a solid state control circuit for
the syringe filling machine.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings and more particularly FIGS. 1 to 5, an
automatic syringe filling machine 10 is illustrated preferably
adapted for use at a hospital. The filling machine 10 is seen to
include, generally, an indexable turret assembly 12 for holding the
syringe parts, a disposable dispensing unit 14 for delivering
medicament to open syringe barrels at a syringe filling station, a
plunger insert assembly 16 for releasing the syringe plungers from
the turret assembly support therefor, and a camming assembly 20 at
a cam station for the purpose of camming the syringe plunger
assembly to a condition where a sealing piston associated with the
syringe plunger is released within the syringe barrel.
To more clearly understand the construction and operation and
advantages of the present device, it will be helpful to describe
one type of syringe that the present device is particularly
suitable for filling and assembling. Referring to FIG. 12, syringe
20 is seen to consist of a syringe barrel 22 with a needle assembly
(not shown) inserted within a sheath assembly 24. The sheath
assembly 24 is more fully described in the Robert Klohr et al
application, Serial No. 26,681, filed April 8, 1970 now abandoned,
entitled "Rigid Container Assembly for Syringe", and assigned to
the assignee of the present invention. It should be noted that the
syringe 20 is placed in the sheath 24 prior to insertion in the
turret assembly 12. The syringe 20 also includes a syringe plunger
assembly 25 that includes an inner plunger 26 having a rubber
piston 27 on the end thereof and a flange 28 at the upper end
thereof. Surrounding the piston plunger 26 is a piston retainer
sleeve 30 having a flange 31 at the upper end thereof.
In the position shown in FIG. 12 the sleeve 31 is in its active
position surrounding and compressing the piston 27. Sleeve 30 has a
clearance when inserted within the syringe barrel 22 so that it
will slide into the barrel under the influence of gravity alone,
assuming a vertical orientation of the syringe parts. As will
appear hereinafter, after plunger 25 is inserted within a filled
cylinder barrel 22, the sleeve 30 is raised releasing piston 27 and
permitting the resilient piston to expand within the syringe barrel
22, sealing medicament therein. For a more detailed description of
the construction syringe 20 reference should be made to the
copending application of Robert Klohr et al, cited above.
Returning to a description of the filling mechanism in more detail,
and particularly FIGS. 1 to 5, the filling machine 10 is seen to
include a lower frame member 36 and an upper frame member 38 spaced
apart by vertical struts 40 fastened to frame members 36 and 38 by
fasteners 39 and 40', as shown in FIG. 5. Projecting upwardly from
the upper frame member 38 is a vertical plate 42 separating the
front and rear portions of the machine 10. Suitable cover members
45, 46 and 47 are provided for enclosing the frame members and the
portions of the mechanism which do not have to be manipulated by
the operator in normal use.
As shown clearly in FIG. 4, the turret assembly 12 includes a
stationary annular post member 50 threadedly fastened on the
left-hand forward side (as viewed in FIG. 1) of frame member 38 by
fasteners 51. Slidable in the post 50 is a turret support sleeve 52
that is carried by frame members 53. Suitable means are provided
for preventing the rotation of sleeve 52 in post 50. Frame member
53 is fixed by fasteners 54 to a parallel frame plate 55. The frame
member 55 is in turn supported vertically by threaded member 58
threadedly received in a boss 59 carried by the plate 55.
Rotatably mounted in the sleeve 52 is turret drive shaft 61
supported for rotation in bearings 62 and 63. Shaft 61 has a
projection 65 extending vertically from the level of bearing 62
which is keyed to a lower wheel-like turret member 67. Fastened by
suitable threaded fasteners to the lower turret member 67 is an
upper turret member 68 which is annular in configuration.
Referring to FIG. 2, the lower turret member 67 has an upper
annular portion 72 from which projects an annular plate 73 having a
plurality of conical apertures 75 that are adapted to receive
syringe barrel flange 77 as shown in FIG. 12. A radial slot 78 is
provided associated with each of the conical recesses 75 to permit
insertion of the cylinder barrel.
Suspended from support plate 73 is a similar annular support plate
79 having a plurality of stepped annular recesses 80 therein
aligned with the conical recesses 75. The annular recesses 80 are
sized to receive the enlarged portion of the sheath 24 shown in
FIG. 12, and radial slots 82 are provided associated with each of
the recesses 80 to permit clearance for the lower portion of the
sheath 24 during loading and unloading of the syringe in the
turret. The lower support plate 79 is suspended by integral struts
83 shown clearly in FIGS. 2 and 4.
The upper turret support plate 68 has a plurality of stepped
openings 85 therein (see FIG. 4) in annular array, and in alignment
with and corresponding in number to the conical recesses 75 in
plate 73 and the stepped recesses 80 in the lower plate 79. Seated
within the stepped recesses 85, as best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are
plunger holders 87, constructed of a resilient plastic material.
The plunger holders 87 have an annular portion 88 seated within the
stepped bore 85 and four arcuate, generally radially extending
cradle fingers 90 which project approximately to the diameter of
syringe plunger sleeve 30 as shown in FIG. 7. The plunger holders
87 hold plungers 25 by engaging the underside of the sleeve flanges
31. Fingers 90 have sufficient resiliency so that when the upper
surface of the flange 31 is pushed downwardly by the plunger
assembly, described in more detail below, the flange 31 will force
the resilient fingers 90 downwardly permitting the plunger 25 to be
released from holder 87.
In the exemplary turret construction shown there are holders for
the barrel and plunger assemblies of 12 syringes, although, as will
appear clear to those skilled in this art, a greater or lesser
number of plunger holding locations may be provided.
For the purpose of indexing the turret 12, a turret indexing motor
92 is provided shown clearly in FIG. 4. Motor 92 is carried by the
underside and affixed to a gearbox 94 which is fastened to the
underside of turret frame member 55. Gearbox 94 provides a suitable
reduction in speed from the output shaft of motor 92. Gearbox 94
has an output shaft 96 which drives a cam wheel 98 of a Geneva
assembly 100.
The Geneva assembly assures the proper indexing movement of the
turret 12 under the essentially constant speed rotation of motor
92. It should be understood, however, that motor 92 is turned on
and off, however, at the end of each indexing movement.
The Geneva movement includes cam member 98 having a plurality of
pins 102 projecting upwardly therefrom which enter cam slots in a
star wheel 103 affixed to the lower end of turret drive shaft 61.
Star wheel 103 has the conventional shape in Geneva assemblies and
includes a plurality of generally radial slots (not shown) into
which the pins 102 enter and slide driving the wheel 103 and shaft
61 to succeeding index positions. A microswitch 105 is provided
between frame members 55 and 53, as shown in FIG. 4, for sensing
the position of the indexing motor cam 98 to control the indexing
motor 92 as well as the plunger assembly as will appear more
clearly in the hereinafter described control circuit.
A syringe barrel filling station 110 is provided as shown in FIGS.
1, 3 and 4 and is seen to include a vertical support member 112
fixed to the turret frame plate 53 as shown in FIG. 4 and extending
through and slidable within a grommet 115 in the main upper frame
member 38. Vertical support 112 extends approximately to support
plate 73 and has connected thereto a generally, horizontally
extending nozzle support member 117 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
The nozzle support member 117 releasably holds a nozzle 120 as
shown in FIG. 9 in a manner such that medicament issuing from the
nozzle does not in any way contact the nozzle support.
For the purpose of supplying medicament to the nozzle 120 and from
the nozzle into an empty syringe at station 110, a pneumatic pump
119 is provided in the rear of machine 12 fixed to the upper main
frame member 38 as shown in FIG. 3. Pump 119 is driven by a motor
120' and also carried by the frame 38. It should be understood that
pump 119 is an air pump and that no medicament is conveyed through
the pump eliminating the possibility of pump contamination by
medicament.
A pump inlet fitting 122 is fixed within vertical wall 42 and opens
to the front of the machine permitting ambient air to be drawn into
the pump 119. Interconnecting fitting 122 with pump fitting 123 is
a flexible tube 124. Pump outlet fitting 126 is interconnected to a
pump outlet fitting 128 also on the front panel 42 by tubing
section 130. Fitting 128 may have a check valve associated
therewith only permitting flow from the fitting 128. In this manner
the inadvertent reversal of flow and drawing of medicament into the
pump through tube 130 may be prevented. A suitable air filter may
be provided associated with inlet line 124 if desired.
The delivery of medicament from dispensing unit 14 to the filling
station 110 is controlled by a pinch valve 140. This valve operates
generally by occluding flexible dispensing tube 142 and in this
manner is not contaminated by contact with medicament. The pinch
valve 140 includes a stationary valve member 143 having a
rearwardly opening aperture 144 therein for receiving a
reciprocable slide valve member 146. Valve member 143 also has a
vertical opening 147 therethrough which receives the tube 142. For
the purpose of holding the tube 142 in position within opening 147
a threaded member 150 is provided threaded into the closed end of
valve member 143 and engageable with the forward side of tube 142.
The slide member 146 is adapted to move forwardly and pinch the
tubing 142 to a fully occluded position, preventing flow through
the tube.
The pinch valve member 146 is biased to its occluding position by
coil spring 152 and selectively withdrawn to a valve open position
by a solenoid 153 (FIGS. 3 and 5) fixed to the vertical plate 42 by
a horizontally extending bracket member 155. Thus when solenoid 153
is energized by the control circuit described below, the valve
member 146 will be withdrawn partially from the stationary valve
member 143 permitting the dispensing tube 142 to open initiating
medicament flow to the nozzle 120 filling the syringe barrel at
station 110.
The disposable dispensing unit 14 is shown clearly in FIG. 9 and is
seen to include a prefilled disposable medicament bottle 160 which
has at its open end as shown in FIG. 10 a seal 161 held in position
by a retainer 162. The prefilled medicament bottle 160 is by itself
a conventional container. After the supply of medicament in bottle
160 is exhausted the bottle is thrown away.
Included in the dispensing unit 14 is a plastic container cap 16
having a counterbore 165 therein slidable over the retainer 162
during capping of the bottle 160. Cap 164 has two angular
connectors 167 and 168 molded integrally therewith. The connectors
are metal tubes having projecting beveled ends 169 and 170,
respectively, which pierce the seal 161 as the cap 164 is placed on
the end of the container. While the cap 164 may be readily removed
from the bottle 160, although they are generally thrown away
together, the friction between connectors 167, 168 and the seal 161
normally retains the cap 164 and bottle 160 together as a unit.
The exterior of cap 164 has an annular recess 172 which is
releasably but snuggly engaged by spaced tracks 174 and 176 formed
integrally in the frame panel 42 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 10. In
this manner the cap 164 and bottle 160 may be readily inserted and
held on panel 42, as well as easily removed therefrom after
dispensing the medicament in the bottle 160.
The cap 164 has integral projections 178 and 179 surrounding the
connector tubes 167 and 168, which serve as fittings for dispensing
tube 142 and air pressure tube 181. The opposite end of tube 181 is
releasably connected to the pump outlet fitting 128 on the front
panel 42. As described above, the other tube extending from cap
164, i.e., dispensing tube 142, has a stepped nozzle 120 formed
integrally on the end thereof.
As seen in FIG. 11, cap 164 and tubes 142 and 181 are, prior to
use, prepackaged in a flexible plastic aseptic container 183. Thus
the dispensing unit will remain in an aseptic condition until just
prior to use when the container 183 is opened.
In readying the filling machine 10 for operation and with the use
of each new medicament container 160, a container 183 is opened and
a new dispensing unit withdrawn therefrom. Cap 164 is pushed over
the end of the bottle 160 piercing seal 161 with the sharp
connector ends 169 and 170. Tube 181 is then connected to the pump
outlet fitting 128 and the dispensing tube 142 is threaded through
opening 147 in pinch valve 140. Nozzle 120 is then inserted within
the nozzle holder 117 and the dispensing unit is ready for
operation. A suitable circuit is provided for energizing solenoid
153 at this time to permit the insertion of tubing 142, as will
appear below in the description of the control circuit of FIG.
16.
When the power supply of the machine 10 is turned on by a button
183 on the front of the machine 10, pump motor 120' begins pumping
air through passage 130, through tube 181 and into the container
bottle through connector 168. This pressurizes the bottle tending
to force medicament through outlet tube 142. At this time, however,
valve 140 would be closed preventing the flow of medicament to the
open syringe at the filling station 110. As each syringe moves into
the loading station 110, the valve 140 is automatically opened for
a time sufficient to fill the syringe barrel to a predetermined
level and then the valve is closed preventing further flow.
After the medicament in bottle 160 is exhausted or if it is desired
to change bottles to a different medicament, the tubing 142 is
unthreaded from valve 140 and the tubing 181 is disconnected from
pump outlet fitting 128. Bottle 160 and cap 164 are then removed
from the tracks 174 and 176 and the entire unit may be thrown away.
If the bottle 160 is not empty, cap 164 may be removed therefrom
retaining bottle 160 for later use with a new dispensing unit 14,
if desired.
For the purpose of controlling the level of medicament in the
syringe barrel at the filling station 110 a photo-sensitive circuit
is provided including a light 186 as shown in FIG. 13 and a
photocell 188. The light 186 is mounted on the post 50, which is
stationary, adjacent filling station 110 while the photocell 188 is
positioned on the opposite side of the syringe barrel at the
filling station. Such a location is shown schematically at 189 in
FIG. 3 wherein the photocell receives a signal from light 186
through passage 190 in the frame 42. As will be described in more
detail below, photocell 188 turns on whenever an unfilled syringe
barrel 22 arrives at filling station 110, controlling the valve 140
to dispense medicament into the syringe barrel. When the level of
medicament reaches the level of the "window" of the photocell 188,
the photocell turns off which effects the closure of valve 140 and
the termination of the flow of medicament to the syringe
barrel.
To vary the level of medicament within the syringe barrel 22,
provision is made for vertically adjusting the entire turret 12.
Toward this end and as shown clearly in FIG. 4, the threaded member
58 which vertically supports the turret assembly, has a worm gear
194 rotatably fixed to the lower end thereof slidably engaging a
thrust washer 196 on the lower frame member 36. Member 58 has a
lower projecting portion 198 which extends through frame 36 and is
held in position by a retainer assembly 200. A suitable bearing may
be provided in frame member 36 for supporting the lower end portion
198 of the threaded member 58. The rotation of worm gear 194 causes
threaded member 58 to rotate vertically in boss 59 adjusting the
enire turret assembly including frame members 53, 55, sleeve 52,
lower support member 67, upper support member 68, and nozzle
support 112.
To rotate the worm gear 194, a worm wheel 202 is provided mounted
in bearing bosses 204 and 206 as shown in FIG. 5. Gear 202 is
rotated by rod 210 which extends through a bearing boss 212 from
the main machine housing, and carries a manual rotating knob 214 on
the distal end thereof as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5.
By adjusting the height of the turret assembly 12, the vertical
positioning of the syringe at the filling station 110 may be
adjusted with respect to the light 186 and photocell 188 both of
which are stationary with respect to the frame and do not adjust
vertically with the turret.
The plunger insert mechanism 16 operates at a station indicated
generally at 216 in FIGS. 2 and 3. As will appear hereinafter, the
turret 12 indexes in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in
FIG. 3 so that the plunger insert station 216 is the second
operating station for each of the syringes. Upon arrival at the
plunger insert station 216, a tool head 218, as shown in FIG. 4, is
lowered engaging flange 31 on sleeve 30 of the syringe pushing the
syringe plunger 25 from the holder 87. As the plunger piston 27
engages the syringe barrel 22, the tool head 218 continues its
stroke and captivates the piston 27 as shown in FIG. 12.
As seen in FIG. 4, the plunger 16 includes an annular member having
a plurality of fingers 220 on the lower end thereof. The fingers
220 are sufficiently long so that the tool head 218 can fit over
the piston plunger flange 28 without engaging the same. Tool head
28 is reciprocated vertically by cam and follower assembly 222
driven by a plunger motor 223.
Tool head 218 is fastened to a horizontal bar 225 which is fixed to
the upper end of a vertically reciprocable rod 226 slidable in a
guide member 227 fixed to the upper surface of frame member 38. A
guide rod 229 is provided on guide member 227 for the purpose of
preventing any pivotal movement of the plunger 218 about rod 226.
Rod 226 has a lower bifurcated end 230 which is pivotally connected
to one end of a link 232 (shown in section FIG. 4), the other end
of the link being pivoted on a stationary support member 235.
Intermediate the ends of the link 232 and carried thereby is a cam
follower 236 as shown in FIG. 5 slidable in a trackway 238 in a
cylindrical cam 239. Cam 239 is supported on a shaft 240 and driven
by motor 223 through a gearbox 242 fixed to the upper surface of
frame member 38. The plunger cam 239 rotates a complete revolution
for each reciprocation of plunger 218. The plunger motor is
deenergized after each revolution of cam 239. Toward this end a
microswitch 244 is provided to sense the retracted position of
plunger 218.
The third and final station of the machine 10 is the camming
station 20 at which the sleeve 30 of each syringe is raised with
respect to the piston 27 releasing the plunger in the syringe
barrel. It should be understood however that the cmming station 20
does not shift the piston 27 axially within the barrel 22, but
merely raises the sleeve 30 to permit the rubber piston 27 to
expand within the barrel sealing medicament therein as well as
placing the plunger in an operative condition.
Toward this end, and as viewed in FIGS. 3, 4 and 8, an arcuate
segmental support member 250 is provided at the camming station
that extends above the lower support plate 73 but below the upper
support plate 68. Support 250 carries an arcuate tapered camming
channel 252 having a slot 253 in the lower channel portion that has
a sufficient width to receive the sleeve 30 but is smaller than the
diameter of the sleeve flange 31. Guides 255 and 256 fixed to the
cam member 252 may extend toward station 216 as shown in FIG. 3 to
guide the sleeve 30 into the camming channel 252. As seen in FIG.
15, the camming channel has an upper surface 254 and a lower
surface 258 which converge toward the exist end 259 of the channel.
The upper portion 254 of the channel serves to hold the piston
plunger flange 28 while the lower portion 258 cams the sleeve
flange 31 upwardly until flush with the plunger piston flange 28 as
shown in the right-hand syringe in FIG. 15.
After the partially sheathed syringes leave the camming station 20,
they may be removed by the technician.
While the operation of the filling machine 10 is believed apparent
from the above description, the following description will be
helpful to summarize the operation.
After the operator loads the medicament dispenser 14 in position
and the power button 183 is depressed, the empty syringes are
loaded into the turret approximately at location 270 shown in FIG.
1 by loading the sheathed barrels in lower support members 73 and
79 and the plunger assemblies 25 in the upper turret plate 68.
Button 278 is provided for actuating solenoid 153 independently of
the automatic control to permit opening valve 140 for the purpose
of inserting the tube 142 therein. The operator then depresses a
manual index button 272 which indexes the turret 12 to the next
station. With the turret indexed one increment, the operator then
loads another barrel and plunger, and thereafter presses the manual
index button 272 again indexing the turret one position. The
operator continues loading syringes in the turret in this fashion
and the only other operation required of the operator is the
removal of the filled syringes from location 275, all of the
remaining functions of the machine being performed entirely
automatically. The operator continues the manual depression of
button 272 after loading each of the syringes until the first empty
syringe arrives at the syringe loading station 117. The presence of
a syringe barrel is sensed by a suitable switch, described in more
detail below, at the filling station 110, and an indication that
the syringe is unfilled is provided by photocell 188 causing
energization of solenoid 153 opening valve 140 initiating the
filling of the syringe at station 110. When the level of the
medicament in the syringe at the filling station reaches the
photocell sensing level shown in FIG. 13, the signal from photocell
188 ceases causing the control circuit to deenergize solenoid 153
closing valve 140 and terminating the flow of medicament to the
syringe.
In respense to the completion of filling the first syringe, index
motor 92 is energized rotating turret 12 to the next station
placing the first syringe at plunger station 216 and the second
syringe at the filling station 110. In response to the completion
of indexing the plunger motor 223 is energized driving the plunger
218 downwardly and releasing a plunger assembly 25 in the aligned
syringe barrel 22. As the tool head 218 continues its downward
stroke the piston 27 engages syringe barrel 22. The entrapped air
builds up sufficient pressure to captivate the piston 27 which
permits all but a small amount of residual air to escape.
Upon completion of rotation of the plunger cam 239, a switch, such
as switch 244, in the control circuit is opened thereby which
enables the circuit driving the turret index motor 92 so that upon
receipt of a signal indicating that a cylinder barrel in station
110 is filled, indexing will again occur.
The first syringe is then indexed into the camming station 20
whereat, after one indexing movement, it just begins to enter the
cam channel 252. After two subsequent indexing movements as shown
in FIG. 3, the first syringe will be completely through the cam
member 252 wherein the plunger holding sleeve 30 is shifted
upwardly releasing the piston within the cylinder barrel and
completing the filling and plunger inserting operation of the
machine. This sequence of operation occurs in step-by-step fashion
completely automatically, requiring only that the operator load
syringes at station 270 and unload syringes at station 275.
Operation is discontinued by again pressing the power button 183
which terminates all functions of the filling device 10.
Referring to FIG. 16 an exemplary control circuit is illustrated
for the present syringe filling machine 10. As noted above, an
operator interface with this circuitry is provided by the three
push button switches 183, 272 and 278 on the front of the machine,
or control panel. Button 183 is connected to a switch (not shown)
which connects ac power to the motors 92, 223, and 120 and dc
supplies power for operation of the control circuitry shown. The
valve open button 278 is connected to close switch 316 for
energizing solenoid coil 300 of solenoid 153 which is in the
emitter leg of transistor 302. This permits the initial insertion
of tube 142 through the valve 140.
The base of transistor 302 is connected through relay contact 304
which is closed when power turns ON, to the collector of transistor
306, and the base of transistor 306 is connected to a double-pole,
single-throw switch 308 through resistor 310. Switch 308 is located
at the filling station 110 and is positioned so that contacts 312
are closed when a syringe barrel is in the filling station and
contacts 311 are closed when no syringe barrel is in the station.
Contact 311 of switch 308 is connected to positive dc voltage
through resistor 314 and to ground through normally open solenoid
control switch 316.
At the beginning of operation of te machine, switch 308 assumes
contact position 311 and solenoid switch 316 is open thereby
keeping transistor 306 conducting and transistor 302
non-conducting, precluding actuation of solenoid coil 300 and
maintaining the solenoid valve 140 in its closed position.
To effect the step-by-step manual indexing during the initial
loading of the machine by depressing button 272, as described
above, button 272 is connected to actuate the manual index switch
318. Switch 318 has one normally open contact 320 and one normally
closed contact 322. The closing of contact 320 causes transistor
324 to turn ON which in turn causes a high voltage to be applied to
input 326 of "OR" gate 328. The output of "OR" gate 328 goes high
causing transistor 330 to conduct supplying a high voltage to input
332 of "AND" gate 338. The other inputs 334 and 336 of "AND" gate
338 will normally be high at this stage of the sequence and thus
the output of 338 will go high causing an output from "OR" gate 340
turning transistor 342 ON lighting bulb 344. The light from bulb
344 activates photoresistor 346 which causes capacitor 348 to
charge until neon bulb 350 fires causing triac 352 to cycle thereby
activating the index motor 92, moving the turret to the next index
position. Switch 384, which corresponds to switch 105 in FIG. 4,
closes as soon as movement of the index cam 98 is initiated and
thereafter switch 384 control index motor 92, the "OR" gate 340
providing only a triggering signal. After cam 98 indexes the turret
one station, a suitable projection on the cam opens switch 384
terminating operation of the index motor 92 by turning off the
transistor 342 and bulb 344.
When the first empty syringe is indexed over to the fill station
110, switch 308 senses the presence of a syringe barrel and closes
contacts 312.
At the same time, the level photocell provides a signal to
photo-resistor 362 indicating an unfilled syringe. This turns, or
maintains, transistor 364 OFF which, in turn, causes an output from
"OR" gate 328, turning transistor 358 "OFF" which through diode
360, switch 308, transistor 306 and transistor 302 activates
solenoid coil 300 opening valve 140. This initiates the filling
operation.
When medicament in the syringe rises to the level of the photocell
188, photo-resistor 362 causes transistor 364 to turn "ON" which
causes a high voltage to appear at input 382 of "OR" gate 328. The
output of "OR" gate 328 goes high turning transistor 358 ON, which
through the solenoid control circuitry deactivates solenoid coil
300 closing the solenoid valve 140 as previously explained.
The same signal from the output of "OR" gate 358 is applied to the
base of transistor 330 and turns it ON. The output of transistor
330 is applied to input 332 of "AND" gate 338 turning gate 338
which turns "OR" gate 340 ON. When the output of "OR" gate 340 goes
high, transistor 342 conducts and bulb 344 lights. The light from
bulb 344 quits photo-resistor 346 and initiates the indexing motor
92 in the same manner as described above with respect to the manual
index. Switch 384 holds the motor until the turret has made one
indexing movement.
Upon completion of each indexing cycle, a syringe just filled is
indexed to the plunger position 216. At this point the indexing
motor cam 98 closes a microswitch 386, which may be adjacent switch
105, turning transistor 388 ON causing the output of "OR" gate 390
to go high, causing transistor 392 to conduct which turns
transistor 394 ON. Bulb 396 in the emitter leg of transistor 394
then lights, activating photo-resistor 398 in the plunger motor
circuitry, energizing the plunger motor 223 in the same manner that
the indexing motor 92 is activated. Upon activation of plunger
motor 223, the plunger motor cam 239 closes switch 244 keeping the
plunger motor activated for a full cycle. At the end of the cycle
the plunger motor cam reopens switch 244 and the plunger motor
cycle is complete.
Upon completion of the plunger cycle, transistor 402 turns OFF, and
a previously applied indexing inhibit signal from the output of
transistor 402 to input 334 of "AND" gate 338 is removed, an
indexing is enabled.
If the operator, for some reason, does not remove the completely
filled syringes and a filled syringe is inadvertently indexed to
the filling station 110, photocell 188 will turn OFF, providing a
high output from "OR" gate 328, turning transistor 358 ON. This
provides a high potential signal at the base of transistor 368
which, through switch 354 and the following inhibit circuitry,
causes transistor 380 to conduct applying a low potential input at
336 of "AND" gate 338 precluding any subsequent indexing of the
turret until an empty syringe is sensed at the filling station 110.
It should be understood that switch 354 is located to sense the
presence of a syringe barrel at station 110 in the same manner as
switch 308. Switch 354 is constructed so that contacts 356 are
closed when the syringe is sensed at station 110 and contacts 357
are closed when no syringe is sensed at station 110.
A further feature in the control circuit, associated with the
manual indexing function of manual index switch 320, is that upon
closing of the manual index switch, a control is supplied to the
anode of SCR 410 which drives the base of transistor 412 keeping
the transistor 394 from conducting thereby precluding plunger
operation.
* * * * *