U.S. patent number 3,806,107 [Application Number 05/229,433] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-23 for quick acting vise.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Adjustable Bushing Corporation. Invention is credited to Paul H. Kuever, Kenneth H. Pitzer.
United States Patent |
3,806,107 |
Pitzer , et al. |
April 23, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
QUICK ACTING VISE
Abstract
The externally tapered head of a drawbolt and end of a collar
when forced towards each other expand a split ring against the wall
of a bore in a first workpiece to clamp the workpiece firmly to the
split ring and drawbolt. After the first workpiece is clamped
firmly, the application of a continued but higher axial force by
the force applicator between the drawbolt head and the force
applicator causes a spring disposed in series between them to
compress and allow axial movement of a second workpiece toward the
first workpiece in response to the applied force.
Inventors: |
Pitzer; Kenneth H. (Los
Angeles, CA), Kuever; Paul H. (San Gabriel, CA) |
Assignee: |
Adjustable Bushing Corporation
(North Hollywood, CA)
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Family
ID: |
26735145 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/229,433 |
Filed: |
February 25, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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56242 |
Jul 16, 1970 |
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715053 |
Mar 21, 1968 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
269/188; 269/236;
411/354 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25B
1/12 (20130101); B25B 1/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25B
1/12 (20060101); B25B 1/08 (20060101); B25B
1/00 (20060101); B25b 001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;269/188-190,196-202,217,229,232,235,236,224 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Whitehead; Harold D.
Assistant Examiner: Zatarga; J. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Christie, Parker & Hale
Parent Case Text
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a continuation-in-part application of an
application Ser. No. 56,242, filed on July 16, 1970, now abandoned,
which in turn was a continuation of an application Ser. No.
715,053, filed on Mar. 21, 1968, now abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A quick acting vise comprising:
a. a first fixed jaw member adapted to engage a workpiece;
b. a second movable jaw member adapted to engage a workpiece and
cooperate with the first jaw member to clamp a workpiece between
them;
c. means for interconnecting the first and second jaw members
together for free sliding, straight line movement of the second jaw
member towards the first jaw member;
d. a bore in the first jaw member parallel to the line of movement
of the second jaw member;
e. a drawbolt carried by the second jaw member for limited movement
with respect thereto and extending into the bore of the first jaw
member;
f. resilient expansion means responsive to movement of the drawbolt
in the bore in the direction of the second jaw member to expand
radially and engage the bore to secure the drawbolt and first jaw
member together with a predetermined force;
g. selectively actuatable means for drawing the drawbolt in the
direction of the second Jaw member to expand the resilient
expansion means for the engagement of the bore with the
predetermined force, the selectively actuatable drawing means
including a cam lever pivotally secured to the drawbolt, the cam
lever having an eccentric cam surface;
h. spring means having a spring rate greater than that of the
expansion means disposed to be compressed in response to continued
actuation of the drawing means after the drawbolt and first jaw
member are secured together and allow the drawing means to apply a
force which moves the second jaw member towards the first jaw
member;
i. an adjusting nut threadably engaged with the second jaw member
for limited movement parallel to the line of movement and received
by the drawbolt;
j. an operating handle connected to the adjusting nut for manual
rotation thereof to adjust the position of the nut with respect to
the drawing means; and
k. a cam abutting plate between the cam lever and the adjusting nut
for engagement by the cam surface for the application of force by
the cam lever to the adjusting nut and through the adjusting nut to
the second jaw member, the cam abutting plate being nonrotatably
coupled to the econd jaw member for limited movement second to the
line of movement with the adjusting nut.
2. The quick acting vise claimed in claim 1 wherein:
a. the draw bolt has a head disposed within the bore, the head
having a frusto-conical exterior surface which faces in the
direction of the second jaw member;
b. the resilient expansion means includes at least one radially
expandable ring for engaging the bore in the first jaw member, the
ring having opposed first and second frusto-conical interior
surfaces which converge towards each other, the ring being received
by the drawbolt with the first interior surface facing the exterior
surface of the head for engagement therewith, a first collar
received by the drawbolt having an externally tapered surface
disposed to engage the second internally tapered surface of the
ring, and a second collar received by the drawbolt and extending
into the bore to provide means for constraining axial movement of
the first collar to permit expansion of the ring by the head of the
drawbolt; and
c. the spring means is disposed for compressive bearing between the
second collar and the second jaw member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the art fastening in general and,
in particular, to a device which effectively locks in the bore of a
first workpiece and then forces a second workpiece towards the
first workpiece.
There are many types of work clamping devices which function to
secure a workpiece for one purpose or another. Examples of
workclamping devices include machinist's vises, jeweler's vises,
carpenter's vises, drilling vises and milling machine vises. In
these types of vises, a workpiece is secured between a pair of
jaws. Most often, one jaw is movable with respect to a fixed jaw
through a lead screw which is rotated by an operator. When the
difference between the dimensions between the jaws to accommodate
different sized workpieces is large, a considerable amount of time
is spent just changing the spacing between jaws. The lead screw, of
course, is also rotated to produce the desired grip on a workpiece
and to release a workpiece.
To overcome the problem of time consummation in adjusting the
spacing between jaws, it has been proposed to allow one jaw to
slide freely to a desired position with respect to the other upon
the application of a force directly in the direction of desired jaw
positioning and then to secure the movable jaw in place at the
desired position. One proposed way of securing the movable jaw in
place is to expand a collar or split ring against an internal bore
of the movable jaw. The problem heretofore with the sliding jaw
approach is that it does not provide a convenient and expedient
means of truly clamping a workpiece between the jaws with the force
required to hold it in place. To do this, there must be an
expeditious way to apply a clamping force to the movable jaw with a
mechanical advantage and move the jaw towards the fixed jaw.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a device which allows for quick
adjustment of the distance between jaws of a vise or the like to
accommodate different size workpieces and, after spacing
adjustment, to apply a substantial clamping force to the
workpiece.
A specific form of the present invention contemplates the use of
resilient expansion means, such as a split ring, which is expanded,
after the distance between jaw members of a vise has been adjusted,
into engaging contact with the bore of one of the jaw members by a
drawbolt, thereby locking the drawbolt and the jaw members
together. The other unlocked jaw member is urged towards its locked
complementary jaw member by the same force applicator that expanded
the resilient expansion means but only after expansion of the
resilient expansion means. This two step actuation is accomplished
by having spring means, such as a Bellville spring, in series force
relationship between the force applicator and expansion means with
the spring means having a spring rate which is greater than the
expansion means. With the spring means thus disposed and having the
greater resistance to deformation, it is very simple to provide the
required clamp up on a workpiece and still have facile jaw spacing
adjustment. It is usually necessary that the force applied to the
second jaw member after the first jaw member and drawbolt are
locked together be applied after or with the compressive deflection
of the spring means. This is readily accomplished by having the
spring means in series force relationship between the second jaw
member and the expansion means with the force applicator being
spaced by the second jaw member from the spring means. A second way
of accomplishing the same thing is to have the spring means between
the force applicator and the expansion means with a device such as
a washer which force couples the force applicator to the second jaw
after a predetermined amount of compressive deflection by the
spring means.
The preferred expansion means is of the type described in U.S. Pat.
No. 3,192,820 to Kenneth H. Pitzer. As such the expansion means
includes one or more split rings having tapered interior chambers
on each end. The head of the drawbolt has an external taper which
complements the internal taper of bore end of the split ring and a
second externally tapered surface on an expansion collar
complements the internally tapered surface on the other end of the
split ring. Movement of the externally tapered surfaces towards
each other and their engagement with the internally tapered
surfaces of the split ring cause the split ring to expand radially.
Obviously, something must be used to keep the expansion collar and
split ring in place against the axial load applied on them by the
drawbolt. In the preferred form of the present invention, this is
accomplished by a constraint sleeve or collar which is in series
force relationship with the expansion collar and the force
applicator and disposed between them.
It is preferred, because of simplicity, to use a cam lever as the
force applicator. The cam lever acts on the drawbolt to apply
tension to it and draw the drawbolt towards the cam. The reaction
force to this tensile force is applied by the cam lobe serially to
the constraint sleeve, spring means, expansion collar, split ring
and head of the drawbolt, and, upon deflection of the spring means
to the second jaw member. Alternately, the reaction force to the
tensile force applied on the drawbolt can be applied by the cam
lobe to the second jaw member and then to the spring means,
constraint sleeve, expansion collar, split ring and head of the
drawbolt.
Features of the present invention include adjusting means to
compensate for lost motion and adjust the clamping force applied by
the lobe of the cam to the chain of elements between it and the
drawbolt. Another feature includes selectively actuatable means for
preventing the cam lever from coming unactuated.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present
invention will become more apparent from the following detailed
description, appended claims, and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machinist's vise constituting a
preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged scale front elevational view of the vise
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view partly in half section of the
vise in the preceding Figures taken generally in the plane of the
line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary, sectional, plan view of the vise of the
preceding Figures taken in the plane of the staggered line 4--4 of
FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view taken along line 5--5 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a perspective exploded view of the component parts of the
invention illustrated in the previous Figures;
FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of a milling machine vise
according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the milling machine vise of FIG.
7;
FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of the milling machine vise of
FIGS. 7 and 8;
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 10--10 of
FIG. 8;
FIGS. 11 and 12 are transverse sectional views taken in the planes
of the lines 11--11 and 12--12 respectively, of FIG. 7;
FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a jeweler's vise in which
still another embodiment of the invention has been
incorporated;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged scale, exploded view of the drawbolt means
associated with the vise shown in FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a perspective view, partly in section, showing still
another application of the principles of the invention to a
carpenter's vise;
FIG. 16 is a fragmentary, exploded view showing the mode of
assembly of the cam lever and drawbolt components of the embodiment
shown in FIGS. 13 and 15; and
FIG. 17 is an end elevational view of the cam lever and drawbolt
assemblies of the type shown in exploded form in FIG. 16 as viewed
in the axial line of the device from the handle operating end
thereof and with the handle moved to drawbolt actuating
position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFRRRED EMBODIMETS
In the present invention, linear movement of a drawbolt produces
radial expansion of an expansion device to engage the wall of a
bore in a fixed jaw member to lock the drawbolt and the fixed jaw
member together. This linear movement is limited. Consequently a
spring is interposed in series force relationship between the force
applicator and the expansion device for compression after expansion
of the expansion device to allow the force applicator to act on a
second movable jaw member to effect a work clamping action. The
principal objective of the device may therefore be summarized as
providing a work clamping device in which a first increment of
operating motion effects rapid interengagement of workpiece
engaging faces with a piece or pieces to be gripped and a
continuation of that movement then effects a clamping action on the
workpieces.
In most of the embodiments of the present invention the expansion
device is identical to those devices disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,009,747 and 3,192,820.
In general the object of the present invention to accomplish with a
single force applicator, such as a cam lever, the initial gripping
of a first member through radial expansion and then to clamp that
member firmly against a second member by axial movement is
accomplished in the embodiments to be described as follows. A
nonexpandable collar or sleeve extends through the bore in one of
the members to be clamped. The expansion rings of the referenced
patents are employed. The drawbolt of the patents extends through
the nonexpandable sleeve and cooperates with the expansion rings in
the manner described in the patents. A spring is in series with the
expansion rings and sleeve and has a high sprng rate such that
initial relative axial movement of the bolt and the split rings of
the expansion device will effect radial gripping of a bore in the
first member and thereafter cause continued axial movement of the
second member to an extent sufficient to exert a high clamping
force between them or on a workpiece disposed between them. The
sleeve serves to restrain the expansion rings. Preferably the
second member is in series with the sleeve and the spring which is
readily accomplished by having the second member interposed between
the spring and the force applicator.
FIGS. 1 through 6 illustrate one preferred embodiment of the
present invention and are concerned with the application of the
principles of the invention to a swivel base machinist's vise.
In this embodiment, the vise comprises a base 20 on which a fixed
jaw component or member 21 is mounted for rotation about a vertical
axis. A vertical shaft 22 provided with a capstan bar 23 are
mounted on base 20 and are operable through means contained within
the base of the vise and with which the present invention is not
concerned, to lock the fixed jaw member at any desired position
about the vertical axis of rotation.
The fixed jaw member includes an elongated body portion 24
terminating at one end in a jaw portion proper 25. The jaw portion
may be provided with a replaceable hardened steel facing 26.
A guiding slot 27 in jaw member 21, of modified, inverted U-shape
in cross section, extends horizontally at right angles to the
length of the jaw face defined by jaw portion 25. The guiding slot
affords guidance for a correspondingly shaped beam 28 which carries
a movable jaw component or member 29.
The movable jaw member includes a jaw portion 30 opposing jaw 25
and which is provided with a replaceable facing 31 complementary to
facing 26. As best shown in FIG. 5, slot 27 comprises vertical
sides and a horizontal top with outer edges 32 of the top and sides
machined to afford accurate guidance for beam 28. The portions of
the slot between the bearing edges of the top and sides are
relieved as shown at 33.
The interior portion of beam 28 straddles and is spaced from an
elongated rib portion 34 formed as an integral portion of the fixed
jaw component. This rib defines the inner boundary of slot 27 and
has a bore 35 extending longitudinally through it in exact parallel
relation to beam guiding surfaces 32. The forward or outer end of
movable jaw member 29 extends across the end of beam 28 and
terminates in a hub portion 36.
A mounting bore for the movable jaw operating means extends through
movable jaw 29 in axial alignment with bore 35. The mounting bore
comprises a bore 37 loosely receiving a drawbolt body 38. Bore 37
at its outer end terminates in a threaded counterbore 39 in which
an adjusting nut 40 is threadedly engaged. The adjusting nut has a
central bore 41 which is axially aligned with bore 37 and which
also loosely receives drawbolt body 38. The purpose of and mode of
operation of the nut 40 will be later described in detail.
Nut element 40 thus serves as part of the mounting means by which
the movable jaw is either freed for movement for quick, rough
adjustment with relation to a workpiece to be gripped and
thereafter locked, for gripping the workpiece. The forward end of
drawbolt 38 is freely mounted in aligned bores 37 and 41. The
drawbolt extends rearwardly into bore 35 in the fixed jaw member
and terminates in a head 42. The head has a frusto-conical face 43
extending from the outer diameter of the head to the drawbolt body.
Loosely mounted on the bolt body is the expansion means for
gripping the bore 35. The expansion means comprises one or more
split rings 44 having internal frusto-conical end surfaces, one of
which engages the face 43, and one or more complementary collar
members 45 having their opposite ends provided with outer
frusto-conical surfaces which are complementary to the end surfaces
of the split rings. The end of the expansion assembly may be
terminated in a collar 46 having one frusto-conical surface and an
opposite end surface 47 normally to the axis of the collar. Mounted
on the body of the drawbolt and having one end thereof engaging
surface 47 of collar 46 is a sleeve 48. The opposite end of sleeve
48 engages a spring mounted on the drawbolt body. The spring shown
here is a plurality of Belleville spring washers 49 disposed in
series force relationship between the end of the sleeve and inner
end face of the movable jaw.
The outer peripheral face of the hub 36 is provided with
diametrically opposite grooves 50,50 which extend parallel to the
axis of the drawbolt and which loosely receive rearwardly extending
arm portions 51,51 of a cam abutment plate 52. The cam abutment
plate has a central opening 53 through which the forward end of
drawbolt body 38 extends and a rear face 54 which engages the outer
end face of nut 40. The abutment plate also has a front face 55
which is parallel to its rear face and which is adapted to be
engaged by a cam, now to be described.
The outer end of drawbolt 38 threadedly engages a barrel nut 56,
the ends of which serve as bearings 57,57 for yoke ends 58,58 of a
cam lever 59. Bolt 38 is positioned between the yoke ends with cam
faces 60,60 of the cam bearing against outer face 55 of abutment
plate 52. The cam faces are so generated that as the cam lever is
swung in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 3, the
eccentricity increases with resultant drawing of the drawbolt to
the right as viewed in that Figure. If desired, the handle portion
of the cam lever may carry a telescoping tubular extension 61
securable in collapsed position by engagement of a bayonet slot 62
with a detent 63 on the upper portion of handle 59. To prevent
rotation of the drawbolt and handle, abutment plate 52 is provided
with diametrically opposite lugs 64,64 between which the outer side
faces of the cam lever are loosely received. A set screw 65 in one
end of barrel nut 56 serves to lock the barrel nut on the drawbolt
in axially adjusted position.
A brief description of the operation of this embodiment of the
invention will now be described to aid in understanding other
features of the invention. Let it be assumed that handle 59 is in
the released position, that is, probably about horizontal. In this
orientation, the movable jaw can be slid back and forth freely in
the bearing for the beam in the fixed jaw. The workpiece to be
clamped is placed between the jaws and the movable jaw is pushed to
effect initial contact with the workpiece.
Preferably at this time, nut 40 will be moved inwardly to the full
extent permitted by an operating handle 40', movement being limited
by reason of interference of the handle with arm portions 51,51. To
accommodate this interference, the threads between the nut 40 and
the counterbore may have a very steep pitch and may be double or
triple threads.
On pressing downwardly on the lever 59, the cams will first take up
any slack or lost motion between the various elements interposed
between the drawbolt head and the cam faces. When all play is taken
up, the resistance of the Belleville spring being greater than that
of split rings 44, these rings will be expanded into tight gripping
engagement with bore 35 of the stationary jaw member. Continued
downward movement of the lever will cause relative movement of the
movable jaw toward the fixed jaw along the drawbolt to effect the
tight gripping of the workpiece. If the grip under those conditions
is insufficient, nut 40 is moved outward slightly to take up some
of the play between the parts on the drawbolt and this will result
in still tighter gripping of the workpiece when the cam lever is
moved down to its extreme extent of movement.
Means is provided to prevent unintended release of the vise. The
means comprise a wedge-like member 66 having one face adjacent to
and parallel with the outer face of the cam abutment plate 52. The
opposite face of the wedge-like member has a slope at least equal
to the rise of the cam surface. Member 66 is carried by a lever arm
67 which has one end pivotally mounted on an upper corner of
abutment plate 52. The wedge-like member is positioned to be moved
into and out of engagement with one of the cam surfaces and the
abutment plate. Since the angle of the wedge is at least equal to
the rise of the cam, any movement of the cam towards its released
position can only result in increasing the tightness of grip by the
vise. With the wedge member engaged, handle 59 will remain in any
position to which it has been moved. To release the vise, the wedge
is disengaged and handle 59 is moved upwardly (counterclockwise as
viewed in FIG. 3) with the resultant first release of the grip on
the workpiece and then release of the movable jaw for free sliding
movement away from the fixed jaw.
FIGS. 7-12 show an application of the principles of the invention
to a milling machine device. The milling machine device comprises a
base 70 provided with side flange portions 71,71 each having a slot
72 for accommodation of holddown bolts. The milling machine vise
further has a fixed jaw portion 73 which includes a jaw face 74
disposed in a vertical plane extending transversely of the base
adjacent the midlength thereof. The upper face of the base at one
end thereof is provided with a boss 75 which at each side thereof
is provided with horizontal faces 76,76 and upwardly and outwardly
inclined parallel faces 77,77 which combine to form a parallel pair
of V-shaped grooves which are slidingly engaged by complementary
V-shaped bands 78,78 on the lower ends of side wall portions 79,79
of a shank portion 80 of a movable jaw component 81. The movable
jaw component includes a jaw portion 82 provided with a jaw face 83
parallel to and movable toward and away from fixed jaw face 74. The
fixed jaw portion is provided with a horizontally extending
clearance space 84 in which the movable jaw shank 80 is movable,
the space being closed at the end thereof removed from the jaw face
74 by a cross wall portion 85.
The upper ends of the movable jaw shank walls 79, 79 are connected
by an integrally formed web 86. The under surface of this web is
provided with a longitudinally extending rib 87 through which a
bore 88 extends and in which bore expanding ring means 89 of the
vise drawbolt 90 is disposed for sliding, engaging and disengaging
functions similar to the device already described.
The fixed jaw component cross wall portion 85 is provided with a
bore 91. Bore 91 is axially aligned with bore 88 and receives
drawbolt component 92 of drawbolt 90. Bore 91 communicates with an
axially aligned internally threaded counterbore 91' formed in the
outer face of the cross wall 85. The threaded end of a nut
component 93 is threadedly engaged with the counterbore threads.
The nut is provided with an axial bore 94 of the same size as the
bore 91 and through which the body of the drawbolt 92 extends.
Externally of the cross wall, nut 93 carries a peripherally toothed
ratchet wheel 95 which is surrounded by a ratchet ring element 96,
the latter being provided with tooth engaging spring detents
operable by an operating button 97 to effect ratcheting engagement
with the ratchet wheel. Nut 93 can be rotated in either direction
by oscillation of ring 96 through handle 98. There are many
standard reversible ratchet devices available, any one of which can
be employed for this purpose.
The drawbolt extends outwardly beyond the end of nut component 93
and terminates in a non-circular, reduced diameter end portion 99
which engages and extends beyond a complementary opening in a
thrust washer 100 and is secured by any suitable means such as
riveting or welding, as indicated at 101. Washer 100 has sliding
engagement with the adjacent end surface of the fixed jaw and base
component, which at the same time prevents rotation of the washer.
In the illustrated embodiment, this is achieved by providing the
wall end of the fixed jaw and base component with diametrically
opposite slots 102,102 extending parallel to the axial line of the
drawbolt means and providing thrust washer 100 with complementary
tongues 103,103 which are freely slidable in the slots.
The distal end of drawbolt 92 is threaded and carries a nut 104
which at its inner end may have a frusto-conical surface comparable
to the tapered surface of the previously described embodiment.
Adjacent to the nut, the drawbolt carries expanding ring means 89,
here shown as a series of two split rings 105, a sleeve 106
received on the drawbolt extends between ring means 89 and a
Belleville spring 107, the latter being interposed between the end
of sleeve 106 and the inner face of the cross wall 85. It will be
understood that suitable solid rings having external frusto-conical
end surfaces complementary to rings 105 are interposed between each
of the rings and that either a separate ring having a single
frusto-conical surface and a flat end surface to be engaged by the
sleeve or a frusto-conical outer surface on the end of the sleeve
engages the end of the ring 105 remote from the nut 104.
The mode of operation is believed to be obvious. Assuming that the
drawbolt means is released, a workpiece to be clamped is placed
between the vise jaws. Then the movable jaw is slid toward the
fixed jaw to cause the piece to be contacted by both jaws. Nut 93
is then rotated by the ratchet means in a direction causing it to
move outwardly from the counterbore 92. The first portion of such
movement will cause the drawbolt to expand rings 105 into tight
engagement with bore 88 by reason of the fact that the resistance
of rings 105 to endwise movement of the bolt 92 is less than that
offered by the Belleville spring means. When this interengagement
with the bore 88 no longer permits relative endwise movement of the
drawbolt, continued outward movement of the ratchet operated nut
will cause the movable jaw to move toward the fixed jaw to the
extent permitted by the interposed workpiece and Belleville spring
107. Reverse operation of the ratchet operated nut by the ratchet
will, of course, effect release of the workpiece and of the movable
jaw.
Other variations in constructions are also present in this
embodiment. At the drawbolt distal end, the bolt head is replaced
by a nut and a threaded nut is employed in place of a lever
operated eccentric cam. It will be understood that so far as the
disclosed embodiments of the invention are concerned, any of these
variations may be substituted for those previously shown where
desired.
Referring now to FIGS. 13 and 14, there is shown still another
embodiment of the invention in which the split rings, the sleeve or
collar element, and the Belleville springs are combined in a single
component. In these Figures, the invention, as thus modified, is
shown as applied to a so-called jeweler's vise. A jeweler's vise is
for light work and comprises a frame structure 110 including a
clamp 111 by which the vise may be detachably mounted on the edge
of a bench B. The frame includes a fixed jaw 112. A movable jaw 113
carries vertically spaced horizontally parallel guide bars 114,114
engagable with complementary guide bores 115,115 in frame 110.
Movable jaw clamping and operating means includes a sleeve or tube
116 carried by frame 110 and disposed between and parallel to the
guide bars 114 together with movable jaw drawbolt assembly 117
carried by the movable jaw and engaging the interior of tube 116.
The drawbolt assembly includes a drawbolt 118 having a T-head 119
on which an operating cam and handle 120 is pivotally mounted in a
manner to be described. The body of the drawbolt extends through a
bore 121 in the movable jaw, thence through a combined spring
means, sleeve and bore gripping tubular member 122, and terminates
in a threaded end 123 engaged by a nut 124. Member 122 is formed of
resilient metal and is of lesser diameter than the interior of the
tube 116. At the end thereof engaging the face of the movable jaw,
member 122 is provided with a diametrically opposite pair of
helical slots 125,125. These slots extend a sufficient distance
axially of the tube to give the tube end the necessary resilience
to relative endwise movement of the drawbolt. At its opposite end,
tube 122 is internally tapered to conform to the tapered surface
126 on nut 124. The opposite end is further provided with a
plurality of circumferentially, equally spaced, longitudinally
extending slits 127. Additionally, the outer end surface may be
slightly tapered so that as the ends of the tongues 128, formed by
the slits 127, are expanded into contact with the tube there will
be a surface contact rather than a line contact with the interior
of the tube 116.
The operation is believed to be obvious. With the cam lever in
released position, that is, substantially in line with the
drawbolt, the workpiece is placed between the jaws and the cam
lever is swung downwardly with the cam surface 129 thereof engaging
a washer 130 on the outer surface of the movable jaw. This
operation of the cam lever first causes the nut 124 to expand the
tongues 128 into gripping engagement with the tube and then tends
to move the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw to effect the desired
degree of grip on the interposed workpiece, the spring means formed
by the helical slots 125,125 serving to accommodate this movement.
Reverse movement of the cam lever will, of course, effect the
release of the workpiece and of the movable jaw for manual shifting
for initial engagement for a subsequent workpiece to be
gripped.
FIG. 15 shows still another application of the principles of the
invention involving a caprenter's vise, the vise comprising a fixed
jaw 140 having ledges 141,141 by which it may be mounted at the
front edge of a bench and having parallel spaced guiding bores
142,142 extending therethrough in which guide rods 143,143 carried
by the movable jaw 144 are freely slidable.
Fixed jaw 140 between the guide bores 142,142 is provided with a
bore 145 parallel to bores 142,142 and in which bore a tube 146 is
fixedly mounted. Movable jaw 144 carries an axially aligned
drawbolt assembly 147 having a distal end slidable in tube 146. The
distal end includes nut 148 threaded on the drawbolt 149 and an
expanding spring ring means 150 engagable with the interior of the
tube 146, the spring means being actuated by a sleeve 151 mounted
on the drawbolt 149 and having one end engaging spring means 150
and the opposite end engaging a resilient wave washer 152 mounted
on the drawbolt and seated in a counterbore 153 in the work
engaging face of the movable jaw. At the bottom of counterbore 153,
a bore 154 affords passage for the drawbolt externally of the
movable jaw. The drawbolt terminates in an integrally formed T-head
155 on which the operating cam lever 156 is pivotally mounted in a
manner to be presently described. The cam faces 157,157 of the cam
lever engage a washer 158 on the end face of boss 159 on the outer
surface of the movable jaw. Bore 154 extends through boss 159.
It is believed to be obvious that with the drawbolt means released,
the movable jaw may be moved freely toward and away from the fixed
jaw and that when moved into engagement with a workpiece held
against the fixed jaw, the operation of the cam lever will first
expand split ring means 150 and then proceed to force the movable
jaw into increasingly tight engagement with the workpiece with
incident compression of the wave washer which has an initial
resistance to axial compression greater than that which causes
expansion of the spring ring means.
FIG. 17 illustrates a mode of manufacture of the combined drawbolt
and handle such as shown in FIGS. 13 and 15. Having reference only
to this Figure and without reference to the corresponding elements
shown in the other figures above enumerated, drawbolt T-head 160 is
engaged by mirror image handle components 161 and 162 shown as
being formed of metal stampings and including integral bearing
sleeves 163 and 164 for the ends of the T-head, cam faces 165 and
166, offset clearances for passage past the body of the drawbolt,
meeting faces 167 and 168 and handle bounding surfaces 169 and 170.
As shown in FIG. 17, these halves are assembled on the T-head and
are aligned and secured together by any suitable means as, for
example, spot welding or riveting at at least two points along the
meeting faces. It is to be understood that this form is not
intended to be confined to the specific embodiments of the
invention with which it is shown but may interchangeably be
employed with the barrel nut construction and cam lever means shown
in other embodiments.
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