U.S. patent number 3,803,754 [Application Number 05/272,924] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-16 for blocks with non-circular slits and flat connectors having transversely bowed middle portions.
Invention is credited to Artur Fischer.
United States Patent |
3,803,754 |
Fischer |
April 16, 1974 |
BLOCKS WITH NON-CIRCULAR SLITS AND FLAT CONNECTORS HAVING
TRANSVERSELY BOWED MIDDLE PORTIONS
Abstract
An assembly kit comprises a plurality of prismatic building
blocks each having at least one face portion provided with a narrow
elongated slit of rectilinear non-circular cross-sectional outline.
A plurality of connecting elements is provided, and each comprises
a pair of connecting portions complementary to said slits and
having transversely bowed portions which are resiliently deformed
upon insertion into the slits of registering blocks. Other
connecting elements are provided combining non-circular and
circular portions for connecting rotatable parts such as wheels and
levers for separably but non-rotatably connecting such pairs of
adjoining blocks.
Inventors: |
Fischer; Artur (7241 Tumlingen,
DT) |
Family
ID: |
25761044 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/272,924 |
Filed: |
May 2, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jun 16, 1971 [DT] |
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2121659 |
Jun 16, 1971 [DT] |
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2129762 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
446/121;
446/102 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
33/101 (20130101); A63H 33/105 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
33/10 (20060101); A63H 33/04 (20060101); A63h
033/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/26,29,31,23 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Shay; F. Barry
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Striker; Michael S.
Claims
What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters
Patent is set forth in the appended:
1. An assembly kit, comprising a plurality of prismatic building
blocks each having at least one face portion provided with sockets
which are narrow elongated slits of generally rectilinear
cross-sectional outline; and a plurality of elongated connecting
elements of generally flat configuration, each comprising a pair of
connecting portions with flat end portions having a generally
rectilinear cross-sectional configuration complementary to said
rectilinear slit outline and insertable into the corresponding
slits of pairs of adjoining blocks for separably and non-rotatably
connecting such pairs of adjoining blocks, and said connecting
portions comprising means including a bowed resilient middle
portion of said connecting element insertable upon deformation
thereof into said slits for effecting a tight fit therein.
2. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein said blocks are
of generally rectilinear configuration.
3. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein said plurality of
blocks includes a pair of adjoining blocks connected by one of said
connecting elements, and wherein each of said pair of blocks has
primary edge portions adjoining the primary edge portions of the
other of said pair of blocks and defining therewith primary
superficial interstices, and wherein each of said plurality of
blocks has a plurality of adjoining modular surface portions having
respective adjoining secondary edge portions defining between
themselves secondary superficial interstices substantially
identical to and serving to camouflage said primary superficial
interstices.
4. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein said building
blocks are hollow.
5. An assembly kit as defined in claim 3, wherein one of said
secondary interstices forms the entrance to one of said
sockets.
6. An assembly kit as defined in claim 3, each of said blocks is
provided with a plurality of said sockets, and wherein the
secondary interstices of each of said building blocks form
entrances to respective ones of said plurality of sockets.
7. An assembly kit as defined in claim 3, wherein the secondary
interstices of said pair of adjoining blocks together with said
primary interstices form a substantially continuous superficial
network of interstices.
8. An assembly kit as defined in claim 7, wherein said connecting
elements are provided with depth stops limiting the extent to which
said connecting portions can be inserted into respective ones of
said narrow elongated slits.
9. An assembly kit as defined in claim 8, wherein said primary edge
portions are chamfered edge portions.
10. An assembly as defined in claim 3, wherein said primary
interstices are parallel to respective ones of the secondary
interstices of said pair of blocks.
11. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein each of said
blocks has a hollow interior, and wherein said narrow elongated
slits of each of said blocks are formed by guide walls extending
into the hollow interior of the block.
12. An assembly kit as defined in claim 3, wherein said narrow
elongated slits have cross-sectional widths equal to the
cross-sectional widths of the respectively associated secondary
interstices, and have cross-sectional lengths at most substantially
equal to the cross-sectional lengths of the respectively associated
secondary interstices.
13. An assembly kit as defined in claim 9, wherein said primary
interstices defined by said chamfered primary edge portions form
superficial channels of generally U-shaped cross-sectional
outline.
14. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein said connecting
elements consist of an elastic material.
15. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, whereiin said connecting
elements consist of a polyamide.
16. An assembly kit as defined in claim 1, wherein said connecting
portions are tapered to facilitate insertion into said sockets.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to assembly kits, particularly to toy
assembly kits and assembly kits used for educational purposes.
Still more particularly, the invention relates to assembly kits
comprising a large number of identically or similarly configurated
prismatic building blocks, particularly rectangular building
blocks, and discrete connecting elements insertable into sockets
provided on the building blocks for connecting pairs of adjoining
blocks.
An assembly kit is already known comprising a plurality of
rectangular building blocks provided on their faces with sockets of
circular cross-sectional outline. The associated connecting
elements have a circular cross-sectional configuration
complementary to such circular outline. The connnecting elements of
this kit are elongate, and each of the two halves of a connecting
element is insertable into one of the sockets of a building block.
In the middle of the elongated cylindrical connecting element is a
widened circular collar, serving as a depth stop, limiting the
extent to which either half of the connecting element can penetrate
into an associated socket. With this known kit, it is desired that
the adjoining faces of connected blocks be completely contiguous.
Accordingly to accommodate the annular collar of the connecting
element, each socket has at its opening a wider circular recess
having a diameter equal to the diameter of the annular collar and
having a depth equal to half the thickness of the annular collar.
Such known connecting elements also have end portions provided with
resilient spreaders separated by longitudinal slots, such
configuration establishing a snap-fit of connecting elements in the
sockets of the building blocks.
This prior-art arrangement is disadvantageous in numerous respects.
The provision of the circular sockets, and especially the widened
circular recesses at the entrance to the sockets, adversely effects
the aesthetic appearance of the forms built with such blocks.
Moreover, the strength of the blocks can be considerably reduced by
the provision of such circular sockets. Inasmuch as children are in
the habit of sitting on or stepping on such blocks, this strength
reduction constitutes a serious disadvantage. Moreover, it is often
desired to construct these blocks quite small, so that for instance
a house built of blocks will not be built from only a few large
blocks. At the same time, the size of the connecting elements
cannot be too small, to avoid difficulty in manipulation, and
accordingly the circular sockets when provided with such
reduced-scale assembly kits are even more aesthetically
disagreeable and even more serve to reduce the strength of the
blocks. pg,4
Another very important disadvantage of this known arrangement is
that, when joined to form a larger structure, the joints between
individual blocks are very often disagreeably conspicuous. This is
a drawback with, for example, those assembly kits used for graphic
study classes, and the like. Such kits are often used to build
rectangular forms having complicated configurations serving as
models for drawing students, drafting students and the like. The
presence of the joints between the assembled blocks constitutes a
serious distraction, which may interfere with the ability of the
pupil to visualize and reproduce the three-dimensional
characteristics of the overall form, as opposed to those of its
component parts. If frequently happens, accordingly, that drawings
made by students from such models actually include lines which are
mere joints between blocks and not edges of the overall form.
Finally, and most importantly from the viewpoint of actually
constructing forms with such kits, the cylindrical connecting
elements permit relative rotation between joined blocks.
Accordingly, to joint a pair of blocks in completely non-rotatable
manner with the kits of the prior art it is necessary to employ at
least two such connecting elements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly the general object of the invention to overcome
the shortcomings of such known assembly kit arrangements.
It is a more particular object to provide an entirely novel
assembly kit which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior-art
kits.
It is another object to provide a kit wherein the sockets are
provided on the faces of the prismatic building blocks but are very
inconspicuous.
It is a further object to provide a kit in which the connection
between pairs of blocks by a single connecting element is
non-rotatable, thereby obviating the need for stabilization with a
second connecting element.
It is a further object to provide a kit the strength of whose
building blocks is not seriously impaired by the provision of
sockets on the faces of the blocks.
It is yet another object to provide a kit the faces of whose
building blocks are formed from a plurality of modular surface
portions, so that a form constructed from a small number of
building blocks of a given size will appear to have been built from
a much larger number of blocks of much smaller size.
It is still another object to provide connecting elements of a
novel configuration adapted for easy insertion into the sockets and
adapted, at the same time, for a tight fit.
It is also an object of the invention to provide a connecting
element non-rotatably insertable into the socket of a building
block, but capable of rotatably connecting to such block a rotary
element, such as a wheel or lever.
It is a principal object of the invention to provide a kit having
building blocks and connecting elements which are easy to
manipulate.
It is another object to provide a kit having building blocks and
connecting elements which can be assembled in a very large number
of ways.
It is a related object to provide a kit whose building blocks may
be connected in pairs by such connecting elements in a very large
number of ways, along many or all faces of the building blocks, and
without inconvenient regard to the relative orientation of blocks
and connectors.
It is still another object to provide a kit in which the sockets on
the building blocks are not recognizable as such.
In accordance with these objects, one embodiment according to the
invention consists of an assembly kit comprising a plurality of
prismatic bulding blocks each having at least one face portion
provided with a socket of non-circular cross-sectional outline. The
kit of the illustrated embodiment further includes a plurality of
connecting elements each comprising a pair of connecting portions
having a cross-sectional configuration complementary to such
non-circular outline, and the portions being insertable into the
corresponding sockets of pairs of adjoining building blocks for
separably but non-rotatably connecting such pairs of adjoining
blocks.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the
invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The
invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its
method of operation, together with additional objects and
advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following
description of specific embodiments when read in connection with
the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a view of two building blocks and a number of connecting
elements according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a greatly enlarged cross-sectional view through adjoining
parts of a pair of adjoining building blocks;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of one connecting element according to
the invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV--IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on line V--V of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a view of a different connecting member according to the
invention;
FIG. 7 is an axial view of the connecting element of FIG. 6;
and
FIG. 8 is a side view of antoher connecting member according to the
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 shows a form assembled from two prismatic building blocks 1,
1a in accordance with the invention. Each face of the blocks is
provided with a number of sockets which, in the embodiment of FIG.
1, have the form of narrow elongated slits 5 of generally
rectangular cross-sectional outline, but which may have another
suitable non-circular cross-sectional outline. These sockets or
slits 5 extend normal to the respective faces of the blocks 1, 1a.
In the illustrated embodiment, each face of the blocks 1, 1a is
provided with a plurality of such sockets or slits, and such
provision facilitates connection of pairs of blocks in a variety of
orientations.
In FIG. 1 the connecting elements actually connecting blocks 1 and
1a are not visible. However, four such connecting elements 4 are
seen at the top face of blocks 1a, partially inserted into four
corresponding sockets or slits 5. The connecting elements 4 have a
non-circular cross-sectional configuration -- here rectangular --
complementary to the non-circular cross-sectional outline of
rectangular slits 5. The visible half of each connecting element 4
is exactly identical to the half received in the respective slit.
It will be understood that the exposed halves of the four
connecting elements 4 in FIG. 1 are adapted to be inserted into the
slits of one or more additional building blocks, so as to connect
such additional blocks with the assembly consisting of blocks 1 and
1a.
It is an important feature of the illustrated connecting elements 4
that they are individually able to withstand rotational forces in a
manner and to an extent not possible with prior-art arrangements,
so as to connect two blocks 1, 1a in a rigid and stable fashion by
using only a single one of the connecting elements 4.
With further reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be seen that
blocks 1 and 1a each have a plurality of primary edge portions 2',
and furthermore that the faces of blocks 1, 1a comprise a plurality
of adjoining modular surface portions 20. Each modular surface
portion 20 in the illustrated embodiment is square-shaped and has
four secondary edge portions 2". The primary edge portion 2' are
contrasted with the secondary edge portions 2" in that the primary
edge portions 2' from the actual edges of the overall building
block 1 or 1a, whereas the secondary edges are located on the faces
of the blocks.
The adjoining secondary edge portions 2" of adjoining modular
surface portions 20 define a network of interstices 2a" extending
over the surfaces of blocks 1, 1a. These interstices 2a" are herein
referred to as secondary superficial interstices.
The primary edge portions 2' of blocks 1, 1a have chamfered
portions 3. The chamfered configuration of primary edge portions 2'
is such that the adjoining chamfered edge portions 2' of the
adjoining blocks 1, 1a define further superficial interstices 2a' -
herein referred to as primary superficial interstices - parallel
with respective ones of the secondary superficial interstices 2a".
The primary and secondary interstices together form a continuous
network of interstices covering the surfaces of the blocks. It will
be appreciated that the secondary superficial interstices 2a", in
addition to serving as entrances for respective slits 5, constitute
a camouflaging network which camouflages the primary interstices,
or joints, between the adjoining blocks 1, 1a. Accordingly, a more
homogeneous overall appearance is presented by the assembly of
blocks 1, 1a. Moreover, the provision of modular surface portions
20 and the interstices 2a', 2a" creates the overall impression that
the FIG. 1 assembly of two blocks 1, 1a is actually composed of a
much larger number of cubical blocks having square-shaped faces
corresponding to modular surface portions 20. This effect, too,
adds to the overall homogeneous appearance of the resulting
structure.
The provision, in the illustrated embodiment, of the relatively
light network of interstices 2a' and 2a" constitutes a rather
elegant solution to a large number of problems, as set forth in the
introductory part of this description. The tight network of
interstices creates the impression of a large number of blocks,
disguises the joints between actual blocks, disguises the presence
of the slits 5 and makes possible the provision of a very large
number of slits on each block - 52 slits in the case of block 1,
for example. The provision of such a large number of slits makes
for an extremely flexible assembly kit, and makes possible the
connection of pairs of blocks at many different points, with a
great variety of possible orientations, while nevertheless using
only a portion of the active "connectable" surface area of the
block.
It is considered particularly advantageous -although not absolutely
necessary- that the slits 5 constitute more or less continuous
extensions of the superficial interstices 2a". In the illustrated
embodiment, for example, the cross-sectional width b (see FIG. 2)
of slits 5 and interstices 2a" is identical. The cross-sectional
length a of slits 5 (see FIG. 11 is in the illustrated embodiment
less than the corresponding cross-sectional length c of the
secondary interstices 2a" forming the entrances to the respective
slits 5.
A particularly advantageous form of building block is illustrated
in FIG. 2. The building blocks 1, 1a in FIG. 2 are hollow,
permitting very sizable dimensions with the least possible use of
material, and with accordingly the lightest possible weight. In the
case of such hollow blocks, the slits 5 are defined by guide walls
6 which project inwards from the faces of the blocks into the
hollow interior portions therof.
A further advantageous feature of the present invention is
illustrated in FIGS. 3-5. The novel connecting element 4a shown in
these Figures provides the solution to a considerable number of
problems usually encountered with assembly kits of the type under
discussion. The connecting element 4a of FIGS. 3-5 is of generally
flat configuration, inasmuch as it is intended for insertion into
the narrow elongated slits 5. In particular, the connecting element
4a of FIGS. 3-5 has a pair of flat end portions 8, 9 and a bowed
resilient middle portion 22. Advantageously, the entire connecting
element 4a will be made of resilient material such as for instance
a polyamide. The provision of flat end portinons 8, 9 makes for
easy guidance of the connecting element into the correspondingly
shaped slit 5. The provision of the bowed resilient middle portion
8 makes for a tight fit of the connecting element 4a in the slit 5,
because the effective thickness of the middle portion 22 of the
element 4a is somewhat greater than the width of the slit 5,
necessitating slight deformation of bowed portion 22 upon insertion
of element 4a into the slit.
Furthermore, the end portions 8, 9 of connector 4a in FIGS. 3-5 is
bevelled, or may be tapered in another manner, to facilitate
introduction of the connecting element into the socket or slit.
Such easy introduction of the connector into the slit is
particularly important in the case of small children, whose
manipulative abilities are of course somewhat limited.
Also very advantageous is the provision in the middle region of
connecting element 4a of end stops 7 of generally wedge-like
configuration. Returning briefly to FIG. 1, it will be seen that
there is provided at the juncture of four intersecting secondary
interstices 2a" a generally cross-shaped supporting member 25,
defining the ends of the respective adjoining slits 5. Each
cross-shaped support member 25 has four arms, one of which for
example is seen in FIG. 2. The arms are sloped, that is to say they
taper, in direction away from the center of the cross, so as to
provide a sloping support surface for the depth stops 7 of an
inserted connecting element 4 or 4a. The provision of the sloping
support surfaces of support member 25 is very advantageous, because
these sloping surfaces facilitate the introduction into a slit 5 of
the end portion of a connecting element 4 or 4a. Thus, for example,
the combined provision of bevelled end portions 8, 9 on element 4a
and of sloping support surfaces of support member 25 make for an
extremely easy introduction of connecting element into slit,
without the need for skillful "aiming" on the part of the
child.
Whereas an important advantage of the aforedescribed connecting
elements is their ability to connect blocks in non-rotatable
manner, it is recognized that it is sometimes necessary to connect
building components in a rotatable manner. Accordingly, FIGS. 6-8
show connecting members adapted to be connected with building
blocks in non-rotatable manner while also being connectable to a
rotary component, such as a wheel or turning lever.
The connecting member 4b of FIG. 6 has a first connecting portion
14 of generally rectangular cross-sectional configuration
insertable into one of the afore-described slits 5. The member 4b
also has a second connecting portion 16 of generally circular
cross-sectional configuration adapted to be inserted into a
generally cylindrical socket in a rotary component such as a wheel
or the like. Advantageously, the second connecting portion 16
comprises two widened spreaders 17 separated by a longitudinal slot
18. Such design makes possible a snap fit of the connecting portion
16 into the socket of a rotary component. Member 46 is also
provided with depthstop means 15.
FIG. 8 shows still another connecting member 4c, similar to member
4b of FIGS. 6 and 7 inasmuch as it is insertable into a cylindrical
socket of a rotary component. In addition, member 4c has two first
connecting portions 14 adapted to be inserted into parallel slits
5, either on a single block or for simultaneously adjoining two
adjoining blocks in side-by-side relationship. The second
connecting portion 16 is located intermediate the two first
connecting portions 16.
The embodiment illustrated herein is to be considerably merely an
exemplary assembly kit according to the invention. The invention of
course contemplates the provision of non-rectangular building
blocks as well as the provision of non-rectangular slits and
interstices.
It is possible to manufacture the building bricks from plates
forming the side faces of the blocks 1, 1a, the front faces of
which are then connected with one another by insertion,
clipping-in, by adhesive means, welding or the like, to form
cube-shaped or prismatic building bricks. It is also possible to
bend the connecting elements at right angles in order to increase
the possibilities of connecting the learning bricks.
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or
two or more together, may also find a useful application in other
types of constructions differing from the types described
above.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied
in an assembly kit useful as a toy or for educational purposes, it
is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various
modifications and structural changes may be made without departing
in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the
gist of the present invention that others can by applying current
knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without
omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art fairly
constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific
aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should
and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of
equivalence of the following claims.
* * * * *