U.S. patent number 3,803,689 [Application Number 05/235,698] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-16 for method for bending flat pattern spring strips.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Lear Siegler, Inc.. Invention is credited to Thaddeus A. Baginski.
United States Patent |
3,803,689 |
Baginski |
April 16, 1974 |
METHOD FOR BENDING FLAT PATTERN SPRING STRIPS
Abstract
This disclosure relates to a method for bending flat pattern
spring strips which are characterized as including a plurality of
laterally spaced apart, generally parallel torsion bars connected
alternately on opposite sides by connecting arms. The method
comprises the steps of forming a first 90.degree. bend in a first
plane of the spring strip along one of the connecting arms, turning
the free end portion out of the first plane by twisting the
connecting arm and forming a second 90.degree. bend along the
connecting arm to dispose the free end portion defining a depending
leg adjacent the plane of the spring strip and angularly offset
therefrom. Providing a standard fishmouth section on one end of the
spring strip requires the performance of the above-described
operation on two connecting arms thereby forming a first and second
interconnected depending leg.
Inventors: |
Baginski; Thaddeus A. (Redford
Township, MI) |
Assignee: |
Lear Siegler, Inc. (Detroit,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22886576 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/235,698 |
Filed: |
March 17, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/896.9;
140/71R; 140/103; 267/103; 267/107 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21F
35/00 (20130101); Y10T 29/49609 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B21F
35/00 (20060101); B21f 035/00 (); B23p
013/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;29/173 ;140/71,103
;267/103,107 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lanham; Charles W.
Assistant Examiner: DiPalma; Victor A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Reising, Ethington and Perry
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A method for bending flat pattern spring strips having free end
portions which include a plurality of spaced apart and generally
parallel torsion bars connected alternately on opposite sides by
connecting arms, said method comprising the steps of; forming a
first bend in a first plane of the spring strip along one of the
connecting arms adjacent a free end portion, turning the free end
portion of said first bend out of said first plane by twisting the
connecting arm and forming a second bend along the connecting arm
to dispose the free end portion defining a depending leg adjacent
the plane of the spring strip and angularly offset therefrom.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein forming said first
and second bends is further defined as forming 90.degree. bends
along the connecting arm.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1 further defined as forming
said bends and turning more than one of the connecting arms thereby
forming a plurality of said legs depending from said spring strip
in a generally zig-zag configuration as viewed in side elevation to
define a load supporting section.
4. A method for bending a fishmouth supporting section in a flat
pattern spring strip having free end portions, characterized as
including a plurality of spaced apart and generally parallel
torsion bars connected alternately on opposite sides by connecting
arms, said method comprising the steps of bending a first
90.degree. bend along a first connecting arm extending from a free
end portion, rotating the free end portion about the longitudinal
axis defined by the spring strip, bending a second 90.degree. bend
along the first connecting arm, rotating the free end portion about
the longitudinal axis defined by the spring strip, and bending a
fourth 90.degree. bend along the second connecting arm whereby said
bending and rotating forms said fishmouth supporting section.
5. A method for bending a flat pattern spring strip having a
plurality of spaced apart and generally parallel torsion bars
connected alternately on opposite sides by connecting arms, said
strip having free end portions each including an adjacent pair of
torsion bars at the end of the strip, the outermost of which has a
reverse bend section connected therewith, said method comprising
the steps of: twisting the outermost of said pair of torsion bars
to form with said reverse bend section a governor bend; bending the
connecting arm extending from the innermost of said adjacent pair
of torsion bars away from said outermost torsion bars in the plane
of said strip to form a 90.degree. inside bend with said free end
portion; turning the free end portion out of the plane of said
strip by twisting said last named connecting arm; and forming a
second 90.degree. bend in said last named connecting arm in the
plane of said strip to bring said free end portion in alignment
with said strip but out of the plane thereof.
Description
This invention relates to a method for bending flat pattern spring
strips into a configuration usable in seat constructions. Flat
pattern spring strips are well known in the seating art and are
characterized as including a plurality of laterally spaced apart,
generally parallel torsion bars connected alternately on opposite
sides by connecting arms.
The basic flat pattern or shape of the spring strip must be formed
or bent to provide a spring configuration which is usable in seat
constructions. The final form includes V-shaped load supporting
sections or fishmouth sections, as they are commonly termed in the
art, which depend from each of the free ends of the spring strip.
The intermediate wire bends between the fishmouths define the load
carrying or seating section of the spring strip. In a typical seat
construction a plurality of spring strips, which have been formed
or bent to provide the fishmouth sections at each end thereof, are
attached at the base or lower ends of the fishmouths to the front
and rear rails of a seat frame. The plurality of spring strips are
disposed in a generally spaced, parallel and aligned arrangement to
define a load carrying area over which suitable padding and seat
fabric is secured to substantially complete the seat structure.
Heretofore the V-shaped or fishmouth sections have been formed by
folding the flat pattern spring strip in much the same manner as
one would fold a zig-zag in a strip of paper. More specifically,
the free ends of the spring strips are folded by being twisted or
rotated about the axis of one of the torsion bars. An upward and
downward twist about two torsion bars at each end of the spring
strip will obviously produce the desired fishmouth sections. This
is the method or process now being used to form the spring strips
in conventional automatic wire bending machines.
The above described method has worked quite well up to this time;
however, a change in the specifications of the spring strips by
seat manufacturers have caused production difficulties. More
specifically, the seat manufacturers are currently requiring that
the angle between the load carrying portion and the intermediate
leg of the fishmouth section be 30.degree. or less. The reason for
this is that a lower profile seat with improved resilience can be
constructed by reducing this critical angle.
The problem for the wire bender is that the method used by the
conventional wire bending machines is not sufficient to produce the
required angular relationship described above. First of all the
flat pattern spring strip can only be twisted 180.degree., that is,
until the free end being folded contacts or meets the rest of the
spring strip. Upon release of the load or compressive folding
force, the wire will, of course, spring back due to its natural
resilience. The tendency of the spring to return to the unbent
shape is, naturally, the reason why a wire bent into this
configuration can be used in seat constructions. It has been the
experience of wire bender that the spring-back will normally
produce an angle of 30.degree. or greater and therefore the present
bending method will produce spring strips that only approach the
design requirements of the seat manufacturer.
A related problem encountered when trying to reduce the critical
angle is the build up of high torsional stresses along the torsion
bar about which the spring strip is being twisted. The torsional
stresses caused by excessive, twisting build up at the 90.degree.
corner whereat the connecting arm is joined to the torsion bar
causing plastic deformation of the metal in this area. The
resulting work hardening frequently causes brittle fracture of the
spring strips to occur at this critical point. Some wire benders
have turned to an annealing process to reduce the stresses, but
this of course, is an added operation which is both time consuming
and expensive.
It is therefore an object and feature of the instant invention to
provide a method for bending V-shaped supporting sections or
fishmouth sections in flat pattern spring strips wherein the method
is adapted to produce a critical angle of less than 30.degree..
It is another object and feature of the instant invention to
provide a method for bending V-shaped supporting sections or
fishmouth sections in flat pattern spring strips wherein the method
eliminates the build-up of excessive or high torsional stresses at
the 90.degree. corners of the spring strip.
In correlation with the foregoing objects and features, it is an
object and feature of the instant invention to provide a method for
bending flat pattern spring strips which include a plurality of
spaced apart and generally parallel torsion bars connected
alternately on opposite sides by connecting arms comprising the
steps of forming a first bend in a first plane of the spring strip
along one of the connecting arms, turning the free end portion out
of the first plane, and forming a second bend along the connecting
arm whereby the free end portion defines a depending leg adjacent
the vertical plane of the spring strip and angularly offset
therefrom.
It is another object and feature of the instant invention to
provide a method for forming a V-shaped or fishmouth section
depending from a free end of a spring strip comprising the steps of
bending a first 90.degree. bend along a first connecting arm,
rotating the free end portion about the longitudinal axis defined
by the spring strip, bending a second 90.degree. bend along the
first connecting arm, bending a third 90.degree. bend along a
second connecting arm, rotating the free end portion about the
longitudinal axis defined by the spring strip, and bending a fourth
90.degree. bend along the second connecting arm whereby the bending
and rotating forms the fishmouth supporting section.
It is another object and feature of the instant invention to
provide a formed wire spring strip comprising a load carrying
section, first leg portion and a second leg portion connected to
the first leg portion and to one of the free ends of the load
carrying section wherein the terminal connecting arm of the load
carrying section and the connecting arm of the second portion
connected to the first leg portion both include an axial twist.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner and it
is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is
intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of
limitation.
Other objects and attendant advantages of the instant invention
will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood
by reference to the following detailed description when considered
in connection with the following drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a flat pattern spring strip;
FIGS. 2 through 10 are various views illustrating the specific
steps embodied in the method of the instant invention; and
FIG. 11 is an elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the
instant invention.
Referring to the drawings, a flat pattern spring strip is shown
generally at 12 in FIG. 1. The flat pattern spring strip 20
includes a plurality of spaced apart, generally parallel torsion
bars connected alternately on opposite sides by connecting arms. A
preferred embodiment of an end product utilizing the method of the
instant invention is generally shown at 14 in FIG. 11. The end
product 14 includes a load carrying section generally indicated at
16 with fishmouth sections generally indicated at 18 depending from
each end thereof. The fishmouth sections include a first leg
portion 19 and a second leg portion 20 connecting the first leg
portion 19 to the load carrying section 16. Referring to FIG. 1,
the spring strip 12 includes free end portions 32 including an
adjacent pair of torsion bars 22 and 27 connected by a connecting
arm 25 and a connecting arm 30 extending from the innermost torsion
bar 27 of the adjacent pair of torsion bars 22 and 27 away from the
outermost torsion bar 22. The outermost torsion bar 22 has a
reverse bend section 23 connected therewith.
The method for bending the flat pattern spring 12 strip into a
configuration which is usable in seat constructions includes the
initial step of twisting or rotating torsion bars 22 to define
governor bends generally indicated at 24 of FIG. 2. This initial
step is common practice in the art and is included for the purpose
of completeness.
Following the formation of the governor bend is the step of forming
the first 90.degree. bends 26 in the flat plane of the spring strip
20 at 28 along two of the connecting arms 30. It is to be
understood that the 90.degree. bends referred to are "inside bends"
that is, adjacent torsion bars are always rotated towards or closer
to each other by the bending of the connecting arm rather than away
from each other. All bends hereinafter described will be of the
"inside bend" type.
The free ends generally indicated at 32 and defined by the first
90.degree. bends 26 are turned out of the plane defined by the
spring strip 20 by twisting or rotating the connecting arms 30 as
best illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. The free end 32 is shown to be
rotated 45.degree. in FIG. 5; however, it is to be understood that
any desired angular rotation is possible and in fact that smaller
angles are more easily provided.
Second 90.degree. bends 34 are formed at 36 along the connecting
arms 30 to dispose the free ends 32 adjacent the flat plane of the
spring strip 20 and angularly offset therefrom to define depending
legs generally indicated at 35 as best illustrated in FIG. 6.
The procedure described above defines the basic steps for bending a
flat pattern spring strip. More specifically, the steps are:
forming a first 90.degree. bend along a connecting arm, twisting
the connecting arm to turn the free end of the spring strip out of
the plane hereof and forming a second 90.degree. bend along the
same connecting arm to swing the free end into alignment with the
spring strip. These basic steps may be performed on any number of
connecting arms to produce a generally zig-zag pattern as viewed in
side elevation. The method is especially adapted to provide the
fishmouth sections 18 at each end of a flat pattern spring strip 29
by carrying out two sequences of the basic steps at each end of the
spring strip 20.
Advancing, therefore, from the spring configuration illustrated in
FIG. 6, wherein one sequence of the basic steps have been performed
at each end of the spring strip 20, third 90.degree. bends 38 are
formed at 40 along second connecting arms 42 as best illustrated in
FIG. 7. To comply with the "inside bend" definition, as noted
above, one end must be bent upwardly while the other end is bent
downwardly.
The free ends 32, now enlarged, turned out of the plane of the
spring strip 20 by twisting or rotating the connecting arms 42 as
best illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. The amount which the free ends
32 are turned out of the plane of the spring strip 20 will
determine the critical angle between the load carrying portion 16
and the intermediate leg 20 of the fishmouth section 18. For
illustrative purposes the free end 32 is turned out 24.degree. as
shown in FIG. 9; however, any desired angle may be provided, as
mentioned previously the formation of smaller angles is easier than
larger ones since the amount of torque required to twist the
connecting arm is less. This then is the exact opposite result of
the old methods used whereby larger twisting or bending forces are
required to form smaller angles and thereby causing large torsional
stresses as discussed previously.
Fourth 90.degree. bends 44 are formed at 46 along the second
connecting arms 42 to rotate the free ends 32 into alignment with
the spring strip 20 and therefore to define the V-shaped or
fishmouth sections 18 depending from each end of the load carrying
section 16 as best illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11.
Forming the flat pattern spring strip by the method of the instant
invention produces a unique end product. More specifically the
method produces a formed wire spring strip comprising a load
carrying section 16, a first leg portion 19 and a second leg
portion 20 connecting the first leg portion 19 to one of the free
ends of the load carrying section 16 wherein the terminal
connecting arm 52 of the load carrying section 16 and the
connecting arm 54 of second leg portion 20 include an axial twist.
The connecting arms 52 and 54 are the remaining portions of the
connecting arms 42 and 30 respectively on which were formed the
90.degree. bends.
It is to be understood that the length of the intermediate leg 20
may be varied. For example, a single torsion bar 56 may separate
the first connecting arm 30 from the second connecting arm 42 or
two torsion bars 58 and 60 and a connecting arm 62 may separate the
two connecting arms 30 and 42 as shown in FIG. 1.
Furthermore, it may be necessary for the load carrying section 16
to be concave thereby providing an arcuate or domed seating
surface. The bending steps required to provide this curved surface
is well known in the art and is therefore not described.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner and it
is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is
intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of
limitation.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is,
therefore, to be understood that with the scope of the appended
claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as
specifically described.
* * * * *