U.S. patent number 3,803,401 [Application Number 05/306,679] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-09 for reflectors for strip type fluorescent lighting.
Invention is credited to Hilbert Drews.
United States Patent |
3,803,401 |
Drews |
April 9, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
REFLECTORS FOR STRIP TYPE FLUORESCENT LIGHTING
Abstract
A reflector of a heavy-gauge aluminum foil includes a central
reflector base wall and angularly depending side walls. The base
wall is adapted to overlie one or more fluorescent tubular lamps.
The side walls are each provided with a plurality of longitudinally
distributed openings arranged in a pair of rows with flow of air
therethrough. Applicant has found that the openings not only permit
the escape and distribution of light but more importantly result in
a self-cleaning lamp action such that dirt and foreign matter does
not accumulate on the lamps. Thus, the lit lamps generate a slight
air flow which is of a characteristic to maintain the lamp surfaces
essentially free of foreign matter for relatively long periods of
time. Suitable double-faced adhesive strips on the back side of the
base wall may interconnect the reflector to the fixture. The
reflector is alternatively supported by direct resting of the base
wall upon the lamp or lamps. A plurality of longitudinally spaced
cushion strips are secured to the inner surface of the base wall
and extend completely across the wall to allow attachment to any
one of a plurality of fixtures. The strips have a light-reflecting
outer surface to eliminate undesirable light absorption. The
reflector may have a V-shaped base wall which depends downwardly
between the two lamps, with the depending inner wall having the
extended support strips to support the reflector on the lamps.
Inventors: |
Drews; Hilbert (Hales Corners,
WI) |
Family
ID: |
26767781 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/306,679 |
Filed: |
November 15, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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82733 |
Oct 21, 1970 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
362/218 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
17/102 (20130101); F21V 17/04 (20130101); F21V
29/83 (20150115); F21V 15/01 (20130101); F21V
17/101 (20130101); F21Y 2113/00 (20130101); F21Y
2103/00 (20130101); F21V 7/005 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
29/00 (20060101); F21V 17/10 (20060101); F21V
17/00 (20060101); F21V 17/04 (20060101); F21v
007/12 (); F21v 007/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/51.11R,13R,13B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peters, Jr.; Joseph F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Andrus, Sceales, Starke &
Sawall
Parent Case Text
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This application is a continuation in part application of my
copending application entitled REFLECTORS FOR STRIP TYPE
FLUORESCENT LIGHTING with Ser. No. 82,733 filed on Oct. 21, 1970.
Claims
1. A releasably mounted reflector apparatus for interconnection
with a fluorescent lighting fixture having a supporting housing and
at least one elongated fluorescent tubular lamp secured to the
housing in downwardly spaced relation therefrom and secured thereto
at the opposite ends, comprising an elongated reflector body member
having a base supporting wall portion adapted to span a plurality
of lamps and having lateral depending angularly related side walls
extending downwardly and outwardly past the lamp, each of said side
walls including a substantial plurality of apertures longitudinally
spaced throughout each of said side walls and permitting the flow
of air therethrough to substantially prevent accumulation of
foreign matter within the reflector body member and upon the lamp,
said reflector apparatus having mounting means connected to the
elongated body member for interconnection of the reflector to a
fixture.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said apertures are arranged in
a pair of vertically spaced rows, each row including a plurality of
said
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said apertures are arranged in
a pair of vertically spaced rows, each row including a plurality of
said apertures extending throughout the length of the side wall,
the apertures of the two rows being offset to locate the apertures
of one row essentially equidistant between a pair of adjacent
openings in the
4. The apparatus of claim 1 including a supporting strip member
secured to the inner face of the body member and extending
laterally substantially for a distance in excess of the width of a
fluorescent bulb and constituting gravity mounting means with said
reflector body resting directly on the upper surface of the
fluorescent lamps in spaced relation
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said strips extend essentially
completely across the base wall portion and are formed of resilient
and electrically non-conducting material having a high light
reflectance
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the base portion is a planar
member, a plurality of longitudinally spaced supporting strips of a
resilient construction secured to the inner surface of the base
portion and spaced inwardly from the ends, said strips extending
essentially completely across said base whereby said reflector is
mounted resting on the upper surface of single and multiple lamps
and in spaced relation to the side
7. The structure of claim 1 wherein said base portion defines an
essentially planar base integrally formed with the side walls, and
side
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said reflector has said base
portion projecting inwardly as a substantially V-shaped wall
between said side walls, the base portion projecting inwardly
substantially but significantly less than the total depth of the
side walls whereby the innermost apex generally lies between a pair
of adjacent fluorescent lamps
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the V-shaped wall is provided
with a resilient supporting strip extending laterally across the
base portion and of a length substantially greater than the
diameter of a fluorescent lamp and extending laterally outwardly in
spaced relation to the lamp, said supporting strip having an outer
high reluctance surface to minimize light
10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said reflector is formed of a
heavy-gauge aluminum foil no greater than the order of .0055 inch
thickness and permitting ready deformation of the side walls in
accordance with a desired lighting pattern and further permitting
the manual cutting of the end base portion to accommodate the
supporting structures for the fluorescent lamp, said end portions
being formed to abut the side edges of the supporting butts and
thereby accurately locating the reflector and
11. The releasably mounted reflector apparatus of claim 1 wherein
said elongated reflector body member is formed of a heavy-gauge
self-supporting metal foil no greater than the order of .0055 inch
thickness and with the base supporting wall portion integral with
said side walls, said side walls being flat members and means for
mounting of said reflector resting
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said base wall portion is a
substantially V-shaped wall between said side walls, said V-shaped
wall
13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said base wall portion is a
flat
14. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said reflector is formed of
a
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said side walls terminate in
laterally outwardly bent lower edge lips.
Description
The present invention is particularly directed to a fluorescent
lamp reflector for releasable attachment to a fluorescent lighting
fixture.
Fluorescent lighting systems employing elongated bulbs or lamps are
widely employed in relative large room areas. Generally a plurality
of separate fluorescent lighting units of a standard design may be
mounted to produce the desired illumination. These units may be
constructed with integral reflector and enclosing housings, with
suitable light-directing openings. In relatively inexpensive
systems, the fluorescent lighting units employ a simple rectangular
housing with one or more depending lamp connectors and supports at
the opposite ends. The elongated lamp or lamps are releasably
supported in laterally spaced and parallel relation at the opposite
ends in the supports. The lamps emit light in all directions
including upwardly. The bottom surface of the housing provides a
reflecting surface but it is normally of course much narrower than
the width of the upwardly directed lights. The units may be
conveniently mounted in parallel rows, each of which includes a
plurality of the aligned units mounted in end-to-end abutting
relation.
Though such units provide a relatively inexpensive construction,
the lighting effect is not particularly desirable. Thus, the light
upwardly directed may be absorbed by low reflectance surfaces.
Further, when applied to a building structure having exterior
windows and the like, the lighting is not uniform and the
horizontal and slightly downwardly directed light tends to create
an excessive or extraneous lighting adjacent the window area,
producing a glaring flood-type illuminating characteristic. Thus,
there is a distinct need for a low-cost reflector which can be
applied to such fixtures to effectively concentrate the
illumination throughout the work or display area in order to reduce
the extraneous lighting and overall produce a more comfortable
lighting effect.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention is particularly directed to a separate
fluorescent lamp reflector which can be readily applied to the
existing relatively inexpensive fluorescent lamp units having one
or more fluorescent exposed lamps.
Generally in accordance with the present invention, a reflector is
made of a relatively thin, self-supporting material with a central
reflector base portion and outer depending reflector portions. The
unit is adapted to fit over the lamps with the side walls extending
downwardly to reflect the light into a highly desirable pattern. In
order to adapt the unit to a substantial plurality of different
single and multiple lamp constructions, the reflector includes a
base portion which is adapted to overlie one or more lamps with a
pair of angularly related depending planar side walls. In
accordance with an important aspect of the present invention, the
side walls are provided with a plurality of longitudinally
distributed openings which permit the interchange or flow of air
therethrough. Applicant has found that the openings not only permit
the escape and distribution of light but more important result in a
self-cleaning lamp action such that dirt and foreign matter does
not accumulate on the lamps. Thus, the lit lamps generate a slight
air flow which is of a characteristic to maintain the lamp surfaces
essentially free of foreign matter for relatively long periods of
time. This is important in maintaining efficient lighting without
requiring cleaning maintenance at relatively short time
periods.
In a preferred and highly practical construction, the lamp
reflectors are made of a relatively heavy-gauge aluminum foil. Such
a material is relatively self-supporting such that there is no
necessity for forming or providing additional supports to maintain
the reflector configuration. However, it is sufficiently light,
therefore, to permit very convenient attachment to existing
lighting fixtures. Thus, in one embodiment the reflector includes a
planar base which is interconnected to an appropriate existing lamp
structure by suitable double-faced adhesive strips such as a
fabric. Thus, the adhesive strips are secured to the back side of
the reflector base portion in longitudinal spaced relation and
interconnected to the lighting fixture by merely pressing of the
unit against the fixture. The reflector can be readily supported by
a relatively few number of longitudinally distributed adhesive
strip means.
Further, applicant has found that the reflector can also be
supported by directly resting upon the lamp structures. Where the
reflector is secured to the lamp fixture through the adhesive means
or the like, difficulties can be encountered where the upper
housing has projecting elements on the bottom wall. Thus, for a
number of years following the adhesive attachment means applicant
has sold the light aluminum gauge reflectors which rest on the
lamps with small pad members of a width less than the width of a
fluorescent tube applied to the inner face of the reflector base
wall immediately over the lamp areas. The pad members provide noise
isolation and also prevent the depositing of mercury or the like on
the tube at the locations of the support. Generally, the number of
pads required was somewhat related to the length and shape of the
point reflectors and were individually applied in accordance with
the spacing of the lamps.
Applicant has found that a universal cushion mount can be provided
by employing a plurality of longitudinally spaced cushion strips
extended clear across a support portion of the reflector. It is
important, however, to employ strips having an outer surface which
has a high reflectance to eliminate undesirable light
absorption.
The reflector of this invention may also be constructed with a
V-shaped base portion where it is to be specifically applied to a
multiple lamp unit and particularly where an even number of lamps
are employed. The apex of the V-shaped base depends downwardly
between the two lamps, with the depending inner wall preferably
resting on the lamps. Cushion strips are provided on the inner
surface of V-shaped walls to support the reflector once again
directly on the lamp.
The ends of the base portion of a foil-like reflector are readily
cut to accommodate the particular projecting lamp supports or legs.
The ends of the reflector can be provided with suitable indicating
indicia for a single lamp and multiple lamp units with the aluminum
foil cut with any suitable scissors means. The cut portion is
preferably bent backwardly onto the back side of the reflector to
provide a reinforcement, particularly where the reflector rests on
the lamp.
Further, where the reflector rests on the lamp with the elongated
cushion strips, the reflector can be tilted by offsetting of the
reflector from the longitudinal center line. Thus, the center of
gravity of the reflector is not directly in line with the center of
the lamp or lamps and will tend to tilt. The degree of tilt is, of
course, limited by the degree of offsetting and the spacing of the
fixture housing from the lamps.
The present invention thus provides an improved low-cost reflector
which can be readily applied to existing and new fluorescent
fixtures employing exposed bulbs and the like.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
The drawing furnished herewith illustrates a preferred construction
of the present invention in which the above advantages and features
are clearly disclosed as well as others which will be readily
understood from the following description of the illustrated
embodiment.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is an end elevational view of a fluorescent lamp fixture
with a reflector constructed in accordance with the present
invention attached thereto;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the fluorescent unit shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the reflector removed from the lamp
housing as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of an alternative reflector unit
construction, with parts broken away in section to illustrate
details of construction;
FIG. 5 is a vertical section taken on line 5--5 of FIG. 4 and
illustrating mounting of the reflector in FIG. 4 in accordance with
a further aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a further view illustrating an alternative tilt mounting
of the reflector of FIG. 4 as a result of the off-center location
of the reflector with respect to a single lamp unit; and
FIG. 7 is a view of an alternative embodiment of the reflector.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to the drawing and particularly to FIGS. 1-3, a
conventional fluorescent fixture 1 is illustrated having a
lamp-supporting housing 2 of a generally rectangular elongated
configuration. Lamp-supporting legs or brackets are provided at the
opposite ends, and in the illustrated embodiment of the invention,
the fixture 1 is constructed with pairs of correspondingly aligned
brackets 3 and 4 at each end. A pair of elongated tubular
fluorescent lamps 5 are mounted within the aligned brackets 3 and 4
to physically support the lamps 5 in the usual manner in downwardly
spaced relationship to the housing 2 and to provide a power
connection to the lamps. Thus, the necessary ballast elements,
conductors, and the like are mounted within the housing with
contacts in the brackets 3 and 4 providing power connection in the
usual manner. In accordance with the present invention, a specially
constructed reflector 6 is located in overlying relationship to the
pair of lamps and provides an improved dispersion of the
illumination.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1-3, the
reflector 6 is made as an elongated member having a length slightly
greater than the standard lengths of the fluorescent housing to
permit a continuous installation for row-mounted fixtures and also,
allowing for fixture mounting gaps and variations therein.
Generally, the reflector 6 includes a flat planar base portion 7
adapted to span one or more lamps 5 and may have a width
corresponding to the width of the conventional fluorescent lamp
housing 2, as shown in FIG. 1. A pair of integrally formed and
angularly related planar side walls 8 and 9 extend downwardly from
the opposite edges of the base portion 7 and terminate in outwardly
extended lips 10. The reflector thus has a generally frusto conical
cross-section and is preferably formed from a heavy-gauge aluminum
foil; for example, an aluminum foil of approximately .0055 inch
thickness and commercially available as an 1145 alloy has been
found to be particularly satisfactory. The back side is preferably
coated with a white eopxy, while a bright S-1 finish is provided on
the inner reflecting side, which may be covered with a clear epoxy
protective coating. Such material may be bought as a flat sheet
member and formed to define configuration shown in FIGS. 1-3 or
other suitable configuration such as shown in FIG. 7.
The reflector 6 is secured in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 to the
fixture housing 2 by a plurality of longitudinally distributed
double-faced adhesive members 11 having one surface secured to the
back side of the base portion 7. The other adhesive surface permits
ready attachment to the corresponding flat-bottom wall of the
housing 2. The members 11 may be formed of any suitable material
such as a fabric or the like.
The reflector base 7 is cut out to define end slots 12
accommodating the end brackets 3 and 4 and is preferably cut such
that the slot edges abut the outermost edges of the brackets, as
shown. This provides for accurate laterial location of the
reflector 6. The base portion 7 is preferably provided with
suitable visual indicia, not shown, related to the relatively
standard fluorescent lamp fixtures manufactured and sold
commercially. This permits the convenient on-site slitting and
installation of the reflector. Although not shown, end caps may be
provided which fit over the side walls of the exposed ends in row
lighting to provide an attrative, finished appearance.
In accordance with the present invention, the side walls 8 and 9
are provided with a plurality of openings or perforations 13 to
permit air movement through the side walls and in particular over
the lamps 5. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention,
each of the side walls includes similarly located perforations 13.
In particular, a pair of longitudinally aligned perforation rows 14
and 15 are provided in laterally spaced relation to each of the
side walls 8 and 9. The perforations in row 14 are offset
longitudinally by one-half the spacing between the perforations 13
from the perforations in row 15. Thus, the two rows are generally
located with the openings 13 adjacent both the upper and lower
planes or edges of the fluorescent lamps 5.
Applicant has found that the provision of openings 13 results in a
highly desirable cleaning action on the lamps and, in fact,
eliminates the rather time-consuming cleaning required with the
conventional exposed lamp fixtures. The cleaning air flow
apparently prevents depositing of dirt and foreign matter in the
air. Thus, although the lamps produce a thermal air flow which
would tend to carry dirt into the area, the air pattern,
particularly with the illustrated openings, has a dynamic action
such that the foreign matter is not deposited on the lamps but
rather is continuously moved through the system without any
essential depositing over long periods of time. Thus, applicant has
found that in a conventional commercial retail store cleaning of
the lamps is not required for periods of a year or more. Further,
the openings 13 do produce some illumination above the light
fixture as such which can provide an advantageous or aesthetic
appearance.
The generally frusta conical cross section has been found to
produce a highly desirable light pattern and in combination with
the openings 13 provides a highly desirable air-flow pattern to
maintain not only proper illumination but minimal cleaning
requirements.
Although the adhesive means provides a convenient system of
mounting of the lamps, certain fluorescent lamp fixture housings
may have projections or recesses in the bottom wall which interfere
with the convenient and simple adhesive interattachment.
A highly improved method of supporting a modified reflector 16 is
to allow them to merely lie directly on the lamps 17, for example,
as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Thus, the reflector 16 is constructed essentially with frusto
conically shaped cross-section, as shown in the first embodiment.
However, the adhesive strips are not applied to the back side of
the unit. Rather, the reflector surface of the reflector 16 is
provided with a plurality of longitudinally distributed resilient
strips 18 which extend completely across the base portion 19 of
reflector 16. The resilient strips 18 are formed of a suitable soft
material and may be secured to the face of the reflector 15 by a
suitable adhesive or any other means. The strips 18 rest directly
on the lamps 17 without transmission of the high-frequency
electrical noise associated with fluorescent lamps and the like.
The lateral strips 18 are completely extended across the base
portion 19 to provide a universal mounting of the reflector 16 in a
rapid and simple manner. The bottom exposed surface 20 of the strip
18 is specially selected to have a high reflectance so as not to
interfere with the dispersing and reflecting of the light; for
example, a suitable white foam type material, such as a vinyl.
As in FIGS. 1-3, the ends of the base portion 19 are slitted to
define end slots 21 for accommodating the lamp supporting brackets
22. The slit portion may be bent rearwardly, as at 23, to
strengthen the thin, foil reflector. Further, the strips 18
extending across the base portion 19 allow the fixture to be tilted
with respect to the lamp or lamps 17.
Thus, as shown in FIG. 6, which illustrates a single lamp fixture,
a reflector 24 similar to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 rests on a
lamp 25. The reflector 24 is offset laterally of the lamp 25 so
that the center of gravity is not in line with the single lamp 25.
The reflector 24 automatically tilts with the upwardly tilted back
edge 26 engaging the lamp housing 27. This may be advantageously
employed to disperse the light predominantly to one side.
Although the planar base portion shown in FIGS. 1-6 readily adapts
the reflector to a great variety of standard fixtures, for multiple
lamp units a reflector 28 may advantageously be formed extending
downwardly between a plurality of lamps 29; for example, as shown
in FIG. 7 for a two-lamp fixture 30. Thus, the base portion 31 is
made with a shallow V-shaped configuration which, with the
apertured and angled planar side walls 32, defines a generally
M-shaped reflector. In the preferred illustrated embodiment of the
invention, the V-shaped base 31 projects approximately one-half the
length of the side walls 32. The partially extended dividing
central portion improves the light dispersion without interferring
with the air flow from the apertured side walls 32 to maintain
clean lamps for relatively long time periods. The reflector 28 can
be mounted to the fixture 30 in any suitable manner, but
preferably, once again, rests on the adjacent lamps 29 with a
plurality of supporting strips 33 secured to the V-shaped wall in
longitudinal spaced relation. Once again, the supporting strips 33
are extended throughout the length of the supporting base 28 to
permit the convenient adaptation and application of the separate
reflector to a great plurality of different forms of
multiple-spaced lamps. The support strips may also be applied to
depending side walls 32 if the lamps are properly spaced.
The present invention has been found to provide a highly
satisfactory and inexpensive fluorescent lighting fixture reflector
which can be constructed as a separate unit and readily applied to
a great plurality of different types of fixtures.
Various modes of carrying out the invention are contemplated as
being within the scope of the following claims, particularly
pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is
regarded as the invention.
* * * * *