U.S. patent number 3,799,646 [Application Number 05/290,132] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-26 for reflector.
Invention is credited to Theodore Footchkar.
United States Patent |
3,799,646 |
Footchkar |
March 26, 1974 |
REFLECTOR
Abstract
A reflector such as may be used in the creation of road signs
and warning signals and the like comprises the formation of a
myraid of rhombic parallelograms each of which in turn has a raised
surface consisting of a plurality of flat facets arranged at
desirable angles with respect to one another. Three of the faceted
rhombic parallelograms are grouped about a common center so as to
form a six-sided hexagon. A plurality of such hexagons sufficient
to cover a desired area results in a reflector of unusual light
reflective capabilities.
Inventors: |
Footchkar; Theodore
(Youngstown, OH) |
Family
ID: |
23114672 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/290,132 |
Filed: |
September 18, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
359/546;
D10/111 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B
5/124 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G02B
5/12 (20060101); G02B 5/124 (20060101); G02b
005/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;350/97-109
;404/9-16 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
490,237 |
|
Aug 1938 |
|
GB |
|
972,725 |
|
Feb 1951 |
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FR |
|
Primary Examiner: Wibert; Ronald L.
Assistant Examiner: Tokar; Michael J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Harpman; Webster B.
Claims
It will thus be seen that a novel and highly efficient reflector
has been disclosed and having thus described my invention what I
claim is.
1. A reflector comprising a base means, a plurality of
side-by-side, juxtaposed rhombic reflector units on said base means
and each having opposite side edges, opposite end edges and a
plurality of flat, differently angularly disposed light reflective
surfaces outwardly inclined from the plane of said base means, said
reflective surfaces defined at least in part by a diagonal center
ridge line extending between opposite corners of each rhombic
reflector but spaced at its opposite ends from said opposite
corners, and a pair of peak lines extending laterally in opposite
directions from each of the opposite ends of said ridge line to
adjacent sides of the reflector unit, thus defining two adjacent,
different size pentagonal reflective surfaces on opposite sides of
said ridge line and two trapezoidal reflective surfaces at opposite
ends of said ridge line and between said pairs of peak lines, said
reflector units arranged in groups of three with two adjacent sides
of each of said three reflector units contiguous with an adjacent
side of each of the other two of said three reflector units, thus
defining a hexagonally shaped array of said three reflector units,
and other said reflector units similarly arranged in regularly
repeating, hexagonally shaped arrays adjacent said array of said
three reflector units.
2. A reflector as in claim 1, wherein the different size pentagonal
reflective surfaces and the trapezoidal reflective surfaces are
contiguous with like reflective surfaces on adjacent reflector
units, thus defining three different shaped major reflective areas
on said reflector.
3. A reflector as in claim 1, wherein the pentagonal reflective
surfaces are larger than the trapezoidal reflective surfaces, and
said trapezoidal reflective surfaces are equal in size to one
another.
4. A reflector as in claim 1, wherein the pentagonal reflective
surfaces are disposed at an angle of about seventy degrees relative
to one another.
5. A reflector as in claim 1, wherein one of the peak lines at each
end of the ridge line extends outwardly at an angle of about thirty
degrees relative to the ridge line.
6. A reflector as in claim 5, wherein the other of said peak lines
at each end of the ridge line extends at an angle of about sixty
degrees relative to the ridge line.
7. A reflector as in claim 2, wherein each of said reflector units
in each hexagonal array forms with two adjacent reflector units of
adjacent hexagonal arrays a further hexagonal array of three
reflector units.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to light reflectors in which a plurality of
angularly arranged reflective surfaces are employed to reflect
light in many directions with respect to its source.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior reflectors include triple reflectors which are grouped to
form repeating geometric patterns consisting of recurring circular
groups of six triple reflectors, the groups repeating in close
order and the plan view of each group consisting of a six-sided
figure which is a regular hexagon with one side of the triangular
base of each six triple reflectors forming a side of the hexagon.
Such a reflector is disclosed in U. S. Pat. No. 2,538,638 of
January 1951. Groups of hexagon shaped reflective units are seen in
U. S. Pat. No. 3,450,459 of June 1969 and still other variations of
this type of reflector may be seen in U. S. Pat. Nos. 2,029,375 of
February 1936 and 2,357,014 of June 6, 1944.
This invention changes the reflective surfaces of each of the
so-called triple reflectors of the prior art by forming each of the
reflectors as a rhombic parallelogram having a plurality of
angularly disposed flat facets so arranged as to cooperate in light
reflecting abilities with other faceted rhombic parallelograms
grouped therewith to form hexagons which in turn are part of a
continuing group of such hexagons.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A reflector comprising a structure having a light reflective
surface formed in a plurality of recurring circular groups of
hexagon shaped elements each of which is formed of three rhombic
parallelograms which in turn are provided with multiple angularly
disposed facets arranged for light reflective cooperation with one
another.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of one of the basic rhombic
parallelograms of the reflector showing the plurality of angular
facets thereof with degree markings thereon.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a group of three of the parallelograms
of FIG. 1 arranged in a hexagon.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation on line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view with parts broken away showing a portion
of reflector formed of a plurality of the hexagons of FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is an end elevation on line 5--5 of FIG. 1 with parts broken
away and parts in cross section and
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional elevation on line 6--6 of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the form of the invention chosen for illustration the reflector
of the invention is comprised of a multiplicity of faceted rhombic
parallelograms arranged in hexagons which are in turn arranged in
recurring circular groups. In a typical example a reflector having
a diameter of approximately 3-1/2 inches is comprised of hexagons
having diameters of approximately an eighth of an inch. The
reflector may be formed of various materials including glass and
plastics and may be colored if desired. By referring to the
drawings and FIG. 4 in particular it will be seen that a small
portion of such a reflector has been illustrated in plan view and
includes a plurality of multifaceted parallelograms 10 arranged in
a plurality of hexagons 11. Each of the parallelograms 10 has a
high center ridge line 12 which ridge line is bifurcated at the
opposite ends thereof to form peaks 13. The ridge line 12 and the
peaks 13 divide the upper surface of each of the parallelograms 10
into two equal area facets 14 and two unequal area facets 15A and
15B as may best be seen by referring to FIG. 1 of the drawings
wherein a top plan view of one of the parallelograms 10 may be
seen.
By referring to FIG. 1 of the drawings it will be seen that each of
the parallelograms 10 is formed with its sides spaced 60.degree.
from a horizontal line and 30.degree. from a vertical line with two
of the peaks 13 positioned on 30.degree. angles with respect to a
common vertical line so as to form the unequal area facets 15.
In FIG. 2 of the drawings three of the parallelograms 10 of FIG. 1
are shown in circular assembly to form the hexagon 11 which in turn
is repeated in circular grouping in the complete reflector a
portion of which is seen in FIG. 6 of the drawings. In FIG. 2 it
will be observed that the hexagon 11 formed of the three rhombic
parallelograms 10 are so formed that the unequal facets 15A are in
edge to edge relation defining a common center point a which is the
center point of the hexagon 11. The reflective surfaces of the
unequal area facets 15A are disposed at 55.degree. from a
horizontal line or 35.degree. from a vertical line as may be seen
by referring to the cross section taken on line 66 of FIG. 2 and
illustrated in FIG. 6 of the drawings. The high ridge 12 of each of
the parallelograms 10 and the abutting edge sections of the unequal
area facets 15 form triple reflective surfaces as will be observed
by those skilled in the art while the unequal area facets 15B
reflect light in an opposite angular direction as may be seen by
referring to FIG. 6 wherein three of the unequal area facets 15B
may be seen to be positioned around a different common center point
B and forming the center of a different patterned hexagon 11. It
will thus be observed that the repitition of the parallelograms 10
forms different shaped hexagons 11 depending upon the center of the
three parallelograms 10 that is considered. For example in FIG. 6
of the drawings the three unequal area facets 15A are positioned
about the center point A which then becomes the center of a first
hexagon 11. By using one of the same three parallelograms 10 and
two adjacent parallelograms the unequal area facets 15B form a
common center point B of a second hexagon 11 with the facets 15B
defining triple reflective surfaces of different reflective
capacity as compared with the unequal area facets 15A heretofore
referred to. This pattern repeats throughout a reflective surface
formed of a plurality of the parallelograms 10 and their first and
second hexagons 11 as will be understood by those skilled in the
art.
In other words, adjacent, contiguous surfaces 15A define one major
reflective area; adjacent, contiguous surfaces 15B define a second
major reflective area; and the adjacent, contiguous, trapezoidal
surfaces define a third major reflective area.
In FIG. 3 of the drawings the vertical side walls of the
parallelogram 10 may be seen connecting with a cross section of a
base 16 which extends throughout the area of the reflector as will
be understood by those skilled in the art. In FIG. 5 of the
drawings an end elevation on line 55 of FIG. 1 again illustrates
the vertical side walls of the parallelogram 10 which walls are
angularly disposed as seen in the top plan view of FIG. 1 or the
side elevation of FIG. 3 and heretofore described. The underlying
portion of the base 16 is shown in cross section.
In a preferred embodiment the basic parallelogram shape as seen in
FIG. 1 of the drawings is preferably 0.1250 inches in length and at
its widest part is 0.036084 inches on either side of a longitudinal
center line which would correspond with the high ridge line 12 as
illustrated.
* * * * *