U.S. patent number 3,799,448 [Application Number 05/349,687] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-26 for liquid spraying device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Yoshino Kagyosho Co., Ltd. Invention is credited to Takao Kishi, Takamitsu Nozawa.
United States Patent |
3,799,448 |
Nozawa , et al. |
March 26, 1974 |
LIQUID SPRAYING DEVICE
Abstract
A refillable hand-operated liquid sprayer of the type which
requires no container pressurizing gas nor other foreign
propellant. It operates to pump a small quantity of liquid to be
sprayed from a container to a small cylindrical chamber wherein the
liquid is pressurized by the force of a coiled spring which is
stressed during "cocking" stroke preparatory to spraying the liquid
from the device. A cover unit is removably mounted on the open end
of the container, and a spray head is rotatably mounted on the
cover unit, the rotation of the head relative to the unit causing
the spring to be compressed and simultaneously sucking liquid up
from the container into the chamber. A valve mechanism is provided
for cutting off the spray by letting the pressure out of the
cylindrical chamber or by blocking the communication between the
chamber and a discharge valve immediately before the pressurized
quantity of liquid is exhausted. With this arrangement, a high
quality, very fine mist is maintained during spraying as well as a
sharp cut-off of the spray is effected.
Inventors: |
Nozawa; Takamitsu (Tokyo,
JA), Kishi; Takao (Tokyo, JA) |
Assignee: |
Yoshino Kagyosho Co., Ltd
(Tokyo, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
27520136 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/349,687 |
Filed: |
April 10, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 15, 1972 [JA] |
|
|
47-44552 |
Apr 17, 1972 [JA] |
|
|
47-45339 |
Apr 17, 1972 [JA] |
|
|
47-45340 |
Feb 17, 1973 [JA] |
|
|
48-19473 |
Feb 19, 1973 [JA] |
|
|
48-20430 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/321; 222/340;
239/349; 239/357; 239/324; 239/350; 239/359; 239/360 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C02F
1/28 (20130101); B05B 9/0883 (20130101); D06P
1/90 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C02F
1/28 (20060101); B05B 11/00 (20060101); D06P
1/92 (20060101); D06P 1/00 (20060101); B05B
9/08 (20060101); B05b 001/32 (); B05b 011/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/321,322,324,337,349,350,354,355,359,360,357 ;222/321,385 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Ward, Jr.; Robert S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Greigg; Edwin E.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A liquid spraying device comprising container means including a
receptacle for holding a quantity of liquid and having an opening
for filling the receptacle with the liquid, cover means removably
mounted on the receptacle to close the opening and including an
upwardly extending cylindrical guide, spray head means rotatably
mounted on the cover means, slide means movably mounted within the
cylindrical guide and operably connected to the spray head means
whereby rotation of the spray head means relative to the cover
means in a fixed direction moves the slide means upwardly, liquid
pressurizing pump means including a cylinder and a piston defining
a liquid pressurizing chamber, the cylinder being operably
connected in fixed relation to the cover means and the piston being
operably connected in fixed relation to the slide means, a spring
mounted in the spray head means for biasing the slide means in a
direction to decrease the volume of the liquid pressurizing chamber
to thereby pressurize liquid therein, an inlet conduit for
conducting the liquid in the receptacle to the chamber, an inlet
check valve in the conduit, a discharge valve in the spray head
means for controlling discharge of pressurized liquid from the
chamber in the form of a spray, passage means for communicating the
liquid pressurizing chamber with the discharge valve, and a valve
mechanism for cutting off the spray immediately before the
pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted.
2. A liquid spraying device according to claim 1, in which the
valve mechanism operates to cut off the spray by letting the
pressure out of the liquid pressurizing chamber immediately before
the pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted.
3. A liquid spraying device according to claim 1, in which the
valve mechanism operates to cut off the spray by blocking the
communication between the liquid pressurizing chamber and the
discharge valve immediately before the pressurized quantity of
liquid is exhausted.
4. A liquid spraying device comprising a container having a
reservoir for holding a quantity of liquid and an opening for
filling the same with liquid, a cover unit adapted to close the
opening and including a cylinder extending downwardly into the
container, the cover unit also including a cylindrical guide
extending upwardly therefrom and having a pair of diametrically
opposite axial grooves formed internally thereof, a spray head
rotatably mounted on the cylindrical guide, a slide member mounted
in the cylindrical guide for vertical movement therein and
including a piston slidably received in the cylinder, the piston
and cylinder defining a liquid pressurizing chamber therebetween,
the slide member having a sinuous groove formed externally thereof
which comprises a pair of diametrically opposite axial sections and
a pair of intersecting sections each intersecting at one end the
upper end of one axial section and at the other end the lower end
of the other axial section, a cylindrical member mounted in the
spray head for transmitting the rotational movement of the head to
the slide member, two balls each rotatably received in one of the
axial grooves of the cylindrical guide and the sinuous groove of
the slide member for causing vertical upward movement of the slide
member in response to rotation of the spray head, a spring for
biasing the slide member in a direction tending to decrease the
volume of the liquid pressurizing chamber, an inlet conduit for
conducting the liquid in the receptacle to the chamber, an inlet
check valve in the conduit, the spray head including a spray nozzle
and a discharge valve operable for controlling discharge of liquid
under spring pressure from the chamber through the nozzle in the
form of a spray, a passage means for communicating the liquid
pressurizing chamber with the discharge valve, and a valve
mechanism for cutting off the spray immediately before the
pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted.
5. A liquid spraying device according claim 4, in which the passage
means comprises a hollow stem formed of rigid material and fixed
with respect to the spray head, the piston having a piston ring
mounted thereon which is formed with an opening adapted to slidably
receive the lower portion of the hollow stem in liquid-tight
manner, the hollow stem being of such length that the piston ring
leaves the lower end of the hollow stem immediately before the
pistron reaches its lowermost position, the piston and cylinder
having side openings formed therein, the valve mechanism being
provided by the piston ring, the lower portion of the hollow stem
and the two side openings.
6. A liquid spraying device according to claim 4, in which the
passage means comprises a flexible tube connected at its upper end
to the discharge valve and at its lower end to the piston.
7. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a body having a bore communicating with
the receptacle through the inlet conduit, the body being held in
place on the bottom of the cylinder and having a side port
communicating with the bore, and a valve member mounted on the body
and having a wall which is normally held against the body to close
the side port, the valve member being provided with a projection
which is adapted to be engaged by the lower end of the piston to
force the wall away from the body to thereby open the side port
immediately before the piston reaches its lowermost position.
8. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a valve member held in place on the
bottom of the cylinder, the cylinder having at least one side
openings which are normally closed by the outer surface of the
valve member, the valve member being tapered at its upper
periphery, the piston having an end bore converging upwardly and a
plurality of grooves formed in the wall of the end bore, the end
bore being adapted to slidably receive the tapered periphery of the
valve member to force it inwardly to thereby open the side openings
of the cylinder immediately before the piston reaches its lowermost
position.
9. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a valve member slidably received in an
end bore of the piston, the valve member being normally urged
against a valve seat provided at the lower end of the piston by the
action of a spring, the piston having a side opening which is
normally closed by the outer periphery of the valve member, the
cylinder having a side opening for communicating the liquid
pressurizing chamber with the receptacle when the valve member
moves away from the valve seat, the check valve including an
upwardly extending projection which is adapted to engage the valve
member and move it upwardly relative to the piston immediately
before the piston reaches its lowermost position.
10. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a valve member slidably received in an
end bore of the piston, the valve member being normally urged
against a valve seat provided at the lower end of the piston by the
action of a spring, the piston having a side opening which is
normally closed by the outer periphery of the valve member, the
cylinder having a side opening for communicating the liquid
pressurizing chamber with the receptacle when the valve member
moves away from the valve seat, the valve member having a
downwardly extending projection which is adapted to engage the
check valve immediately before the piston reaches its lowermost
position, the valve member having an axial bore extending
therethrough and at least one radially extending grooves formed at
the lower end of the projection and communicating with the
bore.
11. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a spring guide held in place on the
bottom of the cylinder and having a peripheral flange, a valve
member slidably received in the cylinder and biased against the
undersurface of the peripheral flange by a spring received on the
spring guide, the valve member normally closing at least one side
openings formed in the cylinder, and a piston ring mounted to the
lower end of the piston and having a plurality of legs, between
which are formed a plurality of passages for communicating the
liquid pressurizing chamber with the side openings immediately
before the piston reaches its lowermost position.
12. A liquid spraying device according to claim 4, in which the
passage means comprises a hollow stem formed of rigid material and
fixed with respect to the spray head, the piston having a piston
ring mounted thereon which is formed with an opening adapted to
slidably receive the lower portion of the hollow stem in
liquid-tight manner, the hollow stem being closed at its lower end
and provided with at least one side ports adjacent the lower end,
the side ports being adapted to be closed by the piston ring
immediately before the piston reaches its lowermost position.
13. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a valve member standing in upright manner
on the check valve and including a head in the shape of an
umbrella, a cut-shaped member held in place on the check valve and
having an opening through which the valve member extends, and a
valve seat provided in an end bore of the piston.
14. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a support member held in place on the
check valve so as not to hinder the opening movement of the check
valve, a spring having its lower end secured to the support member,
a conical valve member connected to the upper end of the spring,
and a valve seat provided in end bore of the piston.
15. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism comprises a spring received in an end bore of the
piston, a valve seat provided at the lower end of the end bore, and
a ball normally urged against the valve seat by the action of the
spring, the spring being so adjusted that the ball moves away from
the valve seat when the pressure in the liquid pressurizing chamber
increases above a predetermined level which is slightly higher the
minimum pressure producing spray mist.
16. A liquid spraying device according to claim 6, in which the
valve mechanism is provided by the lower end of the piston and the
upper surface of the check valve, the lower end of the piston being
tapered to form an annular space between the piston, the cylinder
and the check valve when the lower end of the piston comes into
liquid-tight contact with the upper surface of the check valve.
Description
This invention relates to liquid spraying devices and more
particularly to an improved spraying device of the type which
produces spray mist similar to that produced by the common aerosol
bomb and which requires no container pressuring gas nor other
foreign propellant.
Heretofore, various liquid spraying devices have been devised which
are hand operated, and which can spray in mist form the many liquds
commonly used today such as hair sprays, perfumes, toilet waters,
deodorants and insecticides. Typical of such devices is one which
operates to pump a small quantity of liquid to be sprayed from a
container to a cylindrical chamber wherein the liquid is
pressurized by the force of a spring which is stressed during
"cocking" stroke preparatory to spraying the liquid from the
device.
In devices of this type, a spray head rotatably mounted on the
container functions to set the device in "cocked" position, and on
being manually rotated relative to the container, causes a liquid
pressurizing piston to move within the cylindrical chamber in a
direction to increase the volume of the chamber thereby sucking
liquid up thereinto. During this piston movement, the spring is
progressively compressed so that, in the "cocked" position, it acts
to urge the piston in the opposite direction to pressurize the
liquid drawn into the chamber. To operate the spray device, it is
necessary to actuate a push button discharge valve by a finger.
Upon actuation, the piston starts its downward movement under the
action of the compressed spring, producing a high quality spray
mist. However, after the piston reaches its lowermost position, the
pressure in the chamber decreases as a result of spraying, and
accordingly, the quality, i.e., fineness of the spray mist is
deteriorated. And, finally, the liquid emitting from the nozzle is
changed into non-mist form. Thus, no sharp cut-off of the spray is
obtained, resulting in liquid flowing out of the nozzle even after
the termination of the spraying. The liquid thus flowing out tends
to spread over the periphery of the push button and, in case of
viscous liquid, clog the nozzle.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is
provided an improved liquid spraying device including a valve
mechanism which operates to let the pressure out of the liquid
pressurizing chamber so as to cause a rapid decrease of the
pressure before the pressure in the chamber drops below the minimum
value producing spray mist, just prior to the piston reaching its
lowermost position, thereby preventing liquid from flowing out of
the nozzle in non-mist form.
According to another embodiment of the present invention there is
provided an improved liquid spraying device including a valve
mechanism which operates to block the communication between the
liquid pressurizing chamber and the discharge valve before the
pressure in the chamber decreases below the minimum value producing
spray mist, just prior to the piston reaching its lowermost
position, thereby preventing liquid from flowing out of the nozzle
in non-sprayed form.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
new and improved liquid spraying device capable of maintaining a
high quality spray mist during spraying.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid
spraying device including a valve mechanism that operates to effect
a sharp cut off of the spray.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a valve
mechanism for cutting off the spray in a manner to let the pressure
out of a liquid pressurizing chamber.
It is still further object of the present invention to provide a
valve mechanism for cutting off the spray in a manner to block
communication between a liquid pressurizing chamber and a discharge
valve.
These and other objects will be apparent from the following
discription of the invention when taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a first embodiment of a liquid
spraying device constructed in accordance with the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line II--II of FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cover unit and a cap ring to be
mounted over the unit;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a slide member and a rotary
cylindrical member to be received in the slide member;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, enlarged vertical section of FIG. 1, with
a valve mechanism being closed;
FIG. 6 is a vertical section of a second embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a valve member employed in the FIG.
6 embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 illustrating a modified valve
member;
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 5 but illustrating a third
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an illustration of a fourth embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 11 is a prespective view of a modified valve member;
FIG. 12 is an illustration of a fifth embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a sixth embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary, enlarged view of FIG. 13, with a valve
mechanism being opened;
FIG. 15 is an illustration of a seventh embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 16 is an illustration of an eighth embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 17 is an illustration of a ninth embodiment of the present
invention; and
FIG. 18 is an illustration of a tenth embodiment of the present
invention.
Referring in more detail to the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 5
illustrate a first emobidment of the liquid spraying device 10 of
the present invention which is dimensioned to be conveniently held
in a hand.
Briefly, the spray device 10 comprises a cylindrical container 11
for storing a quantity of liquid to be sprayed, a cover unit 12
removably mounted on the container, and a spray head 13 rotatably
mounted on the cover unit 12. When the head 13 is rotated relative
to the container so as to "cock" the device, it operates to pump a
small quantity of the liquid from the container to a small chamber
14 wherein the liquid is pressurized by the force of a spring which
is stressed during the cocking stroke. The head 13 also includes a
discharge nozzle communicating with the chamber 14 via a discharge
valve which is operated by pushing a button at the top of the head
to release the spray as required. A valve mechanism of special
construction is provided for cutting off the spray in a manner to
let the liquid pressure out of the chamber 14 immediately before
the pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted. The device may be
"cocked" again to ready the same for further spraying.
As best seen in FIG. 1, the container 11 comprises a cylindrical
receptacle 20 having an open upper end with internal threads 24
formed therein. The cover unit 12 includes an upwardly extending
cylindrical guide 28 which is externally threaded around its lower
periphery (see also FIG. 3) to screw into the threads 24 of the
receptacle 20 to thereby close the upper end of the container
against escape of liquid therefrom. The guide 28 is grooved below
the threaded portion to provide a seat for an O-ring seal 29. The
cover unit 12 also includes a cylinder 30 which is closed at its
lower end by a wall 32. An inlet tube 36 extends downwardly from
the wall 32 to a position closely adjacent the bottom of the
recetacle 20.
A check valve 40 of conventional construction is mounted in the
cylinder 30 and, in the illustrated embodiment, comprises a valve
member 42 formed with an incomplete annular opening 43 and a
pressure ring 44 for holding the valve member in place on the
bottom surface of the cylinder. The liquid pressurizing chamber 14
is formed in the cylinder 30 axially between the check valve 40 and
a piston ring 52.
The piston ring 52 is usually formed of suitable elastic material
such as rubber, plastic material or leather and is slidably mounted
in the cylinder 30 for reciprocating movement therein. The piston
ring is fixedly mounted at the lower end of a piston 57 which
extends downwardly from a slide member 58. It should be noted that
the piston ring may be formed integral with the piston. An O-ring
seal 59 is provided between the cylinder 30 and the piston 57 to
prevent the liquid from flowing into a space defined between the
cover unit 12 and the spray head 13.
The piston ring 52 also includes a central opening 60 which is
adapted to slidably receive the lower portion of a hollow stem 62
in liquid-tight manner when the piston 57 moves upwardly from the
position of FIG. 1 towards the cocked position. The hollow stem 62
is fixed with respect to the spray head 13 and is formed of a
material that is sufficiently rigid not to cause the stem to bend
when subjected to a considerable force acting axially thereon. The
function of the hollow stem 62 is not only to serve as a guide for
the vertically moving piston ring 52, but also to communicate the
liquid pressurizing chamber 14 with a discharge valve 63. Another
O-ring seal 64 is provided between the piston 57 and the hollow
stem 62 for the same purpose as the O-ring seal 59.
The spray head 13 is adapted to telescope onto the cylindrical
guide 28 exteriorly thereof to insure that its rotational movement
relative to the guide is free sliding and non-binding. The lower
end of the spray head 28 is grooved as at 72 to receive a flange 74
provided around the cylindrical guide 28. Thus, the spray head is
prevented from vertical movement relative to the cylindrical guide
once they are assembled to the position of FIG. 1.
The spray head 13 includes a top wall 78 having an integral
coupling member 80 which is splined to the upper end of a rotary
cylindrical member 84. Preferably, the spray head 13 and the rotary
cylindrical member 84 may be moulded integrally.
The rotary cylindrical member 84 is provided with a flange 88 which
is adapted to abut the underside of the top wall of a cap ring 85,
when the rotary cylindrical member is mounted within the
cylindrical guide, so as not to cause a compression coil spring 87
to move the cylindrical member 84 upwardly. The cap ring 85 is
threadly mounted on the upper end of the cylindrical guide 28. As
best seen in FIG. 4, the rotary cylindrical member 84 is in turn
splined to the slide member 58.
As seen in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cylindrical guide 28 has formed
internally thereof a pair of diametrically opposite, axial grooves
100, each of which is adapted to receive a ball 102 to cooperate
with a substantially sinuous groove 104 formed in the outer
periphery of the slide member 58, whereby the rotational motion of
the spray head is converted into the vertical upward movement of
the slide member. The sinuous groove 104 comprises a pair of
diametrically opposite, axial sections 106 which are connected by
two sections 108 each intersecting one axial section at its upper
end and the other at its lower end. When the spray head 13 is
rotated relative to the container 11 in a clockwise direction as
viewed from above in FIG. 1, the rotational motion of the head is
transmitted through the rotary cylindrical member 84 to the slide
member 58, causing it to move upward against the action of the
compression spring 87.
The spray head 13 is shaped at its top to fixedly receive a
commercial discharge valve of the type commonly used in aerosol
spray bombs. As seen in FIG. 1, the valve assembly 63 is a known
type of push button discharge valve and comprises a casing 122
having a bore 124 and a cover member 126 for holding the casing 122
in place on the top wall of the spray head 13 with a gasket 136
interposed between the casing and the cover member. The gasket 136
is centrally apertured to receive a hollow valve stem 140 with a
liquid-tight fit therein. The hollow valve stem 140 is closed at
its lower end by an enlargement 142 which is adapted to receive the
upper end of a spring 144. The hollow valve stem 140 also has a
side port 146 extending through its side wall, the port being
normally closed by the inner face of the hole 138 in the gasket
136. The valve casing 122 also includes a female coupling 147
depending therefrom which is adapted to fixedly receive the upper
end of the hollow stem 62.
A trigger push button 150 is secured to the upper end of the valve
stem 140. The button 150 has a conventional discharge nozzle 156
communicating with the interior of the hollow valve stem 140.
An air inlet valve 158 is provided on the horizontal portion of the
cover unit 12, which extends downwardly into the receptacle 20 and
is adapted to introduce air thereinto to thereby prevent occurrence
of a negative pressure within the receptacle.
Preferably the above described structure of the spray device 10 is
made substantially entirely of suitable plastic material, but the
hollow stem 60 is formed of rigid material such as metal or hard
plastic.
To operate the spray device 10, the container 11 may be grasped in
one hand and simultaneously the spray head 13 is rotated relative
to the container by the other hand in a clockwise direction as
viewed from above in FIG 1. This will rotate the rotary cylindrical
member 84 and accordingly the slide member 58 in the same
direction, causing an upward movement of the slide member within
the cylindrical guide 28. As a result, the lower end of the hollow
stem 62 is received in the opening 60 of the upwardly moving piston
ring 52, as seen in FIG. 5. During this upward movement of the
slide member 58, the coil spring is progressively compressed and
simultaneously the chamber 14 increases its volume, creating a
negative pressure in the chamber. This pressure acts to open the
check valve 40 so that the liquid under atmospheric pressure in the
receptacle 20 is forced upwardly through the inlet tube 36 and
check valve 40 into the chamber 14. When the slide member 58 is
moved to its uppermost position, the axial grooves 106 of the slide
member are brought into registry with the axial grooves 100 of the
cylindrical guide 28, so that the force of the fully compressed
spring 87 acts downwardly on the slide member 58, thereby tending
to move the same downwardly. The spring force thus presurizes the
liquid which is trapped in the chamber 14 between the closed check
valve 40 and the piston ring 52. When, in this condition, the push
button 150 is depressed, the discharge valve 63 is opened to
release pressurized liquid from the liquid pressurizing chamber 14
through the hollow stem 62, bore 124 of the valve casing 122, a
passage 170 of the valve stem 140 and nozzle 156. The pressure
exerted on the liquid in the chamber 14 by the spring 87 is
sufficient to generate a high quality, very fine mist spray
comparable to that produced by conventional aerosol bombs. During
spraying, the slide member 58 is progressively moved downwardly by
the action of the spring 87.
According to one feature of the present invention, there is
provided a valve mechanism for cutting off the spray by letting the
pressure out of the chamber 14 immediately before the pressurized
quantity of liquid is exhausted.
As best seen in FIG. 1, the hollow stem 62 is of such length as to
terminate at a position immediately above the piston ring 52 when
it is held in its lowermost position as shown. Thus, the piston
ring 52 leaves the lower end of the hollow stem 62 immediately
before the piston ring reaches the lowermost position. The piston
57 has a side opening 162 (see FIG. 4 also) for communicating the
interior thereof with the space defined between the piston and the
cylinder 30. The cylinder 30 also has a side opening 164 which
opens to the interior of the receptacle 20. Thus, it will be
understood that the valve mechanism is provided by the piston ring
52, the lower portion of the hollow stem 62 and the two openings
162 and 164.
While the valve mechanism remains closed, i.e., the piston ring 52
is received on the hollow stem 62 as shown in FIG. 5, the chamber
14 is communicated with only the discharge valve 63 through the
hollow stem, so that the pressure in the chamber is transmitted to
the discharge valve. However, when the valve mechanism is opened,
i.e., the piston ring leaves the hollow stem, the chamber 14 is
communicated with the interior of the receptacle 20 through the
opening 60 and the two side openings 162 and 164. Thus, the
pressure in the chamber 14 decreases rapidly to atmospheric
pressure and accordingly to spray device 10 ceases to discharge the
pressurized liquid from the nozzle 156.
With this arrangement, a high quality very fine mist is maintained
during spraying. Further, it is possible to effect a sharp cut off
of the spray without causing the liquid to emit from the nozzle in
non-mist form.
In FIGS. 6 and 7, there is illustrated a second embodiment of the
present invention in which a flexible tube 170 is employed to
communicate the liquid pressurizing chamber 14 with the discharge
valve 63. As shown, the upper end of the flexible tube is fixedly
received in a coupling member 172 of the discharge valve 63 and the
lower end thereof is fixedly received in a bore 174 formed in the
piston 57. The piston 57 also has an axial bore 176 communicating
with the bore 174, which opens to an enlarged end bore 178. The
piston ring 52 mounted around the lower periphery of the piston 57
is of a conventional O-ring type.
Provided on the bottom of the cylinder 30 is a valve 180 which
serves as the check valve 40 as well as the valve mechanism of the
FIG. 1 embodiment. The valve 180 includes a body 182 which is held
in place on the bottom surface of the cylinder 30 by suitable means
(not shown). The body 182 has a central bore 186 extending
therethrough and a side port 188 communicating with the bore 186.
An inlet tube 36 is fixedly received in the lower portion of the
bore 186, the lower end of the tube being disposed closely adjacent
the bottom surface of the receptacle 20.
A generally cylindrical valve member 190 is mounted on the valve
body 182 in the manner as shown in FIG. 6. As best seen in FIG. 7,
the valve member 190 has an annular opening 192 formed in the upper
end wall thereof, which is not quite complete with a break being
provided so that the inner circular portion 194 is elastically
connected to the remaining portion of the valve member to serve as
a check valve. The valve member 190 also includes a projection 196
which extends radially outwardly from its upper peripheral portion
and adapted to be engaged by the lower end of the piston 57. When
the piston 57 moves downwardly, it engages the projection 196 and
"peels" or forces the cylindrical wall 198 outwardly, bringing the
side port 188 into communication with the interior of the cylinder
30. Thus, it will be appreciated that immediately before the
pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted, the liquid
pressurizing chamber 14 is communicated with the receptacle 20
through the side port 188, bore 186 and inlet tube 36, causing a
rapid reduction of the pressure in the chamber 14. Accordingly, the
spray device ceases to produce spray mist.
FIG. 8 shows a modification of the valve member 190 employed in the
FIG. 6 embodiment. As seen, the valve member 190' is different from
that shown in FIG. 7 in that there is no inner circular portion
corresponding to that indicated at 194 in FIG. 7. In this
embodiment, however, the central bore 186 of the valve body 182 is
closed at its top. During the cocking stroke, the cylindrical wall
198 is forced outwardly due to the pressure difference between the
chamber 14 and the receptacle 20, so that the liquid is sucked up
through the side port 188. When, on the other hand, the piston 57
moves downwardly, it engages the projection 196' and forces the
cylindrical wall 198' outwardly, so that the pressurized liquid
escapes from the chamber 14 into the receptacle 20 through the
inlet tube 36.
In FIG. 9, there is illustrated a third embodiment of the present
invention in which a cup-shaped valve member 204 is held in place
on the bottom of the cylinder 30. As seen, the valve member 204
includes a bottom wall 206 which is formed with an incomplete
annular opening 208 to provide a check valve. The cylinder 30 has a
plurality of side openings 210 which are normally closed by the
peripheral surface of the valve member 204. The valve member 204 is
also tapered at its upper outer periphery 212 for the purpose to be
described below.
The piston 57 has an end bore 214 which is tapered upwardly to
slidably receive the tapered peripheral end 212 of the valve member
204. A plurality of grooves 216 are formed in the wall of the end
bore 214 to communicate the interior of the valve member 204 with
the exterior thereof when the tapered peripheral end 212 is brought
into surface contact with the wall of the end bore 214.
When the piston 57 moves downwardly, it engages the tapered
peripheral end 212 of the valve member 204 and then forces the
peripheral wall thereof inwardly, opening the side openings 210.
Thus, the interior of the valve member 204 is communicated with the
receptacle 20 through the grooves 216 and side openings 210, so
that the pressurized liquid is discharged into the receptacle.
In FIG. 10, there is shown a fourth embodiment of the present
invention which is identical to that of FIG. 1 in that the
pressurized liquid in the chamber 14 is discharged into the
receptacle 20 through two side openings 152 and 164 formed in the
piston 57 and the cylinder 30, respectively.
As seen, the piston 57 has an end bore 214 of considerable axial
length in which a valve member 220 is slidably mounted. The valve
member is biased downwardly by a compression spring 222. The piston
57 also includes an inwqrdly extedning flange 224 serving as a seat
for the valve member 222. The valve member 222 has a central
opening 226 which communicates with a plurality of radially
extending grooves 228 formed in the lower surface thereof. The side
opening 162 of the piston 57 is so positioned as to be closed by
the side wall of the valve member 222 when the valve member is held
in the position shown. The piston 57 is also grooved at its lower
and upper periphery to provide seats for two O-ring seals 230 and
232, respectively.
A check valve 40 is provided on the bottom of the cylinder 30 and
includes an upwardly extending projection 234 which is formed
integral with the innew circular valve portion 194 of the valve
40.
During the cocking stroke, the check valve 40 remains open so that
the liquid is sucked up into the liquid pressurizing chamber 14
through the inlet tube 36. When, during spraying, the piston 57
moves downwardly under the action of the spring 87, the valve
member 220 engages the top surface of the projection 234 and then
is moved upwardly relative to the piston 57 against the action of
the spring 222. This will open the side opening 162, so that the
cylinder 30 is communicated with the receptacle 20 through the side
openings 162 and 164. A passage 130 of the flexible tube 170 is
also communicated with the receptacle 20 through the central
opening 226 and the radial grooves 228. Thus, it will be
appreciated that with the arrangement of FIG. 10 it is possible to
cut off the spray by letting the pressure out of the chamber 14
immediately before the pressurized quantity of liquid is
exhausted.
FIG. 11 shows a modification of the valve member 220 of FIG. 10.
The valve member 220' includes a greater-diameter portion 220a'
which is adapted to be slidably received in the end bore 214. The
valve member 220' also includes a small-diameter portion 220b' and
is formed with a central bore 226' which communicates with a
plurality of radially extending grooves 228' formed at the lower
end of the valve member. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to
provide the check valve 40 with the upwardly extending projection
234, as is the case with the FIG. 10 embodiment.
In FIG. 12, there is shown a fifth embodiment of the present
invention which is identical to that of FIG. 9 in that the spray is
cut off by letting the pressure out of the chamber 14 into the
receptacle 20 through side openings 210 of the cylinder 30.
Provided on the bottom of the cylinder 30 is a check valve 40 of
the same construction as that of FIG. 1, on which is mounted a
cylindrical spring guide 240 having a lower peripheral flange 240a
and an upper peripheral flange 240b. The lower peripheral flange
240a is of a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of
the cylinder 30, so that the guide 240 may be received in the
cylinder with a friction fit therein. On the other hand, the upper
peripheral flange 240b is of a diameter somewhat smaller than the
inner diameter of the cylinder, so that a valve member 242 is free
to move axially between the cylinder wall and the peripheral
surface of the upper flange 240b. As seen, the valve member 242
includes a radially inwardly extending flange 242a which is
normally urged against the undersurface of the upper flange 240b by
the action of a spring 244 received on the cylindrical guide 240.
In the position shown, the valve member 242 closes the side
openings 210 of the cylinder, blocking the communication between
the cylinder and receptacle 20.
The piston 57 has a piston ring 52 attached thereto, which is
adapted to be slidably received in the cylinder 30 in liquid-tight
manner. The piston ring 52 includes a plurality of legs 52a
extending downwardly therefrom, between which are formed passages
246 for communicating the inner cylindrical space of the piston
ring 52 with an annular space 248 defined between the legs 52a and
the inner wall of the cylinder.
As will be understood, when the piston 57 moves downwardly under
the action of the spring 87, the legs 52a engage the valve member
242, causing it to move downwardly against the action of the spring
244. This downward movement of the valve member 242 opens the side
openings 210 and accordingly communicates the interior of the
cylinder 30 with the receptacle 20 through the passages 246 and the
side openings 210. It should be noted that the side openings 210
are so positioned as to be opened by the valve member 242
immediately before the pressurized quantity of liquid is
exhausted.
In FIGS. 13 and 14, there is illustrated a sixth embodiment of the
present invention which is characterized in that the spray is cut
off by blocking the communication between the liquid pressurizing
chamber 14 and the discharged valve 63 immediately before the
pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted.
As seen, the hollow stem 62, which is formed of suitable rigid
material such as metal and hard plastic, is fixed with respect to
the spray head 13, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1. However, the
lower end of the hollow stem 62 is closed and is provided with one
or more side ports 250 instead.
During the cocking stroke, the piston ring 52 moves upwardly from
the position of FIG. 13, so that the interior of the hollow stem 62
is communicated with the liqud pressurizing chamber 14 through the
side ports 250, as is seen in FIG. 14. This upward movement of the
piston ring 52 acts to open the check valve 40 and suck liquid up
into the chamber 14 through the inlet tube 36 and the opened check
valve.
With the spraying device 10 "cocked," if the push button 150 is
actuated, the device emits the pressurized fluid in mist form from
the nozzle 156, and the piston ring 52 is progressively moved
downwardly under the action of the spring 87. However, immediately
before the pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted, the piston
ring 52 reaches the position in which it closes the side ports 250,
thereby blocking the communication between the liquid pressurizing
chamber 14 and the discharge valve. Thus, the spraying device 10
ceases to emit liquid from the nozzle 156.
In FIG. 15, there is illustrated a seventh embodiment of the
present invention which operates on the same principle as the FIG.
13 embodiment to cut off the spray immediately before the
pressurized quantity of liquid is exhausted.
In this embodiment, however, a flexible tube 170 is employed to
communicate the liquid pressurizing chamber 14 with the discharge
valve 63. The piston 57 has an end before 178 converging upwardly
to provide a valve seat 179.
A valve member 154 stands on the check valve 140 in upright manner,
and comprises a base 254a, a stem 254b and a valve head 254c. The
valve head is formed in the shape of an umbrella. The valve member
254 is formed of suitable elastic material such as rubber and soft
plastic so that the valve head 254c is received on the valve seat
179 in liquid-tight manner. The valve member 254 is free to move
upwardly from the position shown in FIG. 15 until the base 254a is
restricted by a cup-shaped member 256. The cup-shaped member has an
opening 258 formed in the bottom thereof that is greater in
diameter than the stem 254b of the valve member 254.
During the cocking stroke, the piston 57 moves upwardly to open the
check valve 40. It should be noted, in this connection, that since
the valve member 254 is free to move upwardly, it does not hinder
the check valve 40 from moving to its open position.
During the spraying, when the piston 57 moves downwardly and
approaches its lowermost position, the valve head 254c is attracted
to the valve seat 179 of the piston due to the action of the liquid
flowing at high speeds through an upwardly converging space defined
between the valve head 254c and the valve seat 179. This will move
the valve member 254 upwardly so that the valve head 254c is
received on the valve seat 179 in liquid-tight manner. Thus, the
spraying device ceases to produce spray mist.
In FIG. 16, there is illustrated an eighth embodiment of the
present invention which is imilar to those of FIGS. 13 and 15 in
that the spray is cut off by blocking the communication between the
liquid pressurizing chamber 14 and the discharge valve 63
immediately before the pressurized quantity of liquid is
exhausted.
In this embodiment, the piston 57 has a piston ring 52 mounted
thereon and is formed with an end bore 178 which converges upwardly
to provide a valve seat 179.
A support member 260 is fixedly mounted on the check valve 40 at
the bottom of the cylinder 30 and has a central opening 262 formed
therein. The support member includes a downwardly extending leg
portion 260a which is of such length that the opening movement of
the check valve 40 is not prevented by the support member 260. The
support member also includes an upwardly extending cylindrical
portion 260b in which the lower end of a coil spring 264 is
received. The upper end of the spring 264 is connected to a
generally conical valve member 254.
As will be understood, when the piston 57 moves downwardly and
approaches its lowermost position, the pressurized liquid flowing
at high speeds through an annular space defined between the conical
surface 254a of the valve member 254 and the valve seat 179 acts to
cause the valve member to be attracted to the valve seat, thereby
blocking the communication between the liquid pressurizing chamber
14 and the discharge valve 63.
In FIG. 17, there is illustrated a ninth embodiment of the present
invention in which a ball valve 270 is provided in the piston 57
for blocking the communication between the liquid pressurizing
chamber 14 and the discharge valve (not shown).
As seen, the piston 57 has an end bore 178 in which a coil spring
272 is received to urge a ball 274 against a valve seat 276
provided by a ring-like member 278. The strength of the coil spring
272 is so adjusted that the ball valve 270 remains open while the
pressure in the chamber 14 is above a certain predetermined level
which is slightly higher than the minimum pressure producing spray
mist. Thus, when the piston 57 approaches its lowermost position
and then the pressure in the chamber 14 drops below the
predetermined level, the ball valve 270 is closed, blocking the
communication between the chamber 14 and the discharge valve.
In FIG. 18, there is illustrated a tenth embodiment of the present
invention which is smilar to those of FIGS. 13, 15, 16 and 17 in
the provision of a valve mechanism for blocking the communication
between the liquid pressurizing chamber 14 and the discharge valve
(not shown).
In this embodiment, the valve mechanism is provided by the lower
end of the piston 57 and the upper surface of the check valve 40.
As seen, the piston 57 is tapered at its lower end to provide small
annular room for the pressurized liquid between the piston,
cylinder and check valve, when the piston is moved to its lowermost
position where the lower end thereof is in fluid-tight contact with
the upper surface of the check valve. Thus, it will be appreciated
that the discharge valve is isolated from the liquid pressurizing
chamber 14 to cut off the spray immediately before the pressurized
quantity of liquid is exhausted.
From the foregoing description, it will now be apparent that the
present invention provides an improved liquid spraying device which
offers many advantages over the prior art devices. For example, the
sprayer is completely safe whether or not in the cocked position,
and requires no external power source to produce the spray mist.
Since the container is not pressurized but rather serves as a
convenient reservoir for the liquid to be sprayed, it is not
subject to the explosion hazards of the common aerosol spray
bombs.
In addition, it should be noted that with the provision of a novel
valve mechanism that operates to let the pressure out of the liquid
pressurizing chamber before the pressure within the same drops
below the minimum valve producing spray mist just prior to the
piston reaching its lowermost position, it is possible to effect a
sharp cut-off of the spray at the termination of the spraying as
well as to maintain an extremely high quality spray mist during the
spraying, thereby enabling a desired liquid to be sprayed evenly
over a surface of an object.
In another embodiment of the present invention also, it is
understood that since the valve mechanism provided therein operates
to block the communication between the liquid pressurizing chamber
and the discharge valve immediately before the piston reaches its
lowermost position, so as to produce a spray discharge only while
the pressure in the chamber remains above the minimum value
producing spray mist, an extremely high quality, very fine mist is
maintained during the spraying as well as a sharp cut-off of the
spray is accomplished thereby offering many other attendant
advantages as described above.
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