U.S. patent number 3,798,684 [Application Number 05/200,483] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-26 for fluidic switching system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Interroyal Corporation. Invention is credited to Richard L. Bennice, Roland A. Benoit, John H. Curran.
United States Patent |
3,798,684 |
Benoit , et al. |
March 26, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
FLUIDIC SWITCHING SYSTEM
Abstract
A non-electrical fluidic control system is provided for
actuating means for adjusting the position of a hospital bed. The
fluidic control cystem includes a hand-held pendant having a
plurality of plungers which communicate with respective cylinders
to force air pressure through respective air tubes or conduits. A
bellows, connected to the distal end of the tubes, cooperates with
a snap-action switch for energizing a respective motor means for
adjusting the position of the bed. Additionally, an assembly
retriever means is provided for supporting and maintaining an air
tube sleeve off the floor lever as an improved safety feature.
Inventors: |
Benoit; Roland A. (Danielson,
CT), Curran; John H. (Norwich, CT), Bennice; Richard
L. (Danielson, CT) |
Assignee: |
Interroyal Corporation (New
York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
22741919 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/200,483 |
Filed: |
November 19, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
5/614;
200/83R |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
7/018 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61G
7/002 (20060101); A61G 7/018 (20060101); A61g
007/10 (); A61g 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/330 ;5/63-69
;200/83R,83C |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nunberg; Casmir A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An adjustable multi-section hospital bed capable of assuming a
variety of positions of the sections relative to each other
comprising:
mechanical adjustment means for selectively moving the position of
the different sections of said bed relative to one another,
motor means coupled to said mechanical adjustment means for
establishing a calculated movement thereof under the influence of
remote control,
fluid operative switch means connected to said motor means for
providing actuation thereof to control the positional change of the
bed section under control derived from the remote control,
a pendant control means at the remote control location for
controlling the motor switch connected means,
a plurality of fluid carrier tubes connected between the remote
control and the switch connected means,
a plurality of pressure responsive means connected at one end with
the remotely located pendant control means and at the other end
with expansible bellows means for controlling the switch operation,
and
means provided through the pressure responsive means for
controlling the operation of the switching means to control thereby
motor activation and deactivation.
2. The Hospital Bed structure claimed in claim 1 wherein the said
control means comprises
a plurality of plungers,
a fluid carrier tube connected between said plungers and the motor
control switch means to force fluid through the tube associated
with the activated control so that with the depression of the
associated plunger therewith the associated switch may be moved
between two limiting positions.
3. The adjustable multi-section hospital bed, as claimed in claim
1, comprising
separate motor means for achieving each control where said motor
means consists of a reversible motor.
4. The adjustable hospital bed as set forth by claim 2, comprising,
in addition:
a spring member located within each of the cylinders to bias the
plunger supported therein in one direction so that a normal
condition to the plunger is independent of any movement of a bed
component.
5. The adjustable hospital bed, as claimed in claim 2, comprising,
in addition:
a bellows member connected at one end of each fluid carrier tube
and adapted to be expanded with the movement of fluid through the
tube as controlled from the remotely positioned pendant
control.
6. An adjustable hospital bed as set forth in claim 2, including
spring biased retriever means for supporting said sleeve.
7. An adjustable hospital bed as set forth in claim 5, wherein said
retriever means comprises a spring biased retriever reel rigidly
mounted to said hospital bed, a cable wound on said retriever reel,
a bracket attached to the end of said cable, and a roller mounted
to said bracket, said sleeve being carried by said roller.
8. A bed as set forth in claim 1, wherein said switch means
comprises a spring arm member abutting against said bellows, a
movable projecting member abutting against said spring arm member,
a pair of contacts controlled by the position of said projecting
member, wherein when said bellows expands said projecting member is
moved closing said contacts and energizing a respective motor
means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an actuating mechanism for hospital beds,
and more particularly, to an improved actuating mechanism capable
of being operated by a patient or attendant.
Hospital beds as presently constructed are capable of being
adjusted to a variety of positions, such as the Fowler and the
contour positions. In the Fowler position, the head end of the bed
is elevated so that the head and shoulders of the occupant or
patient are similarly elevated, while in the contour position, the
knees of the patient are elevated by elevating the foot assembly in
an inverted V configuration. Additionally, hospital beds may be
equipped with means for raising and lowering the entire mattress
assembly, or by elevating the head end (Trendelenberg position) or
the foot end (reverse Trendelenberg position) etc.
These prior art beds are normally controlled by the occupant with a
hand-operated set of electrical switches which actuate respective
electric motors to control associated mechanical means serving to
adjust the positions of the bed. The electric motors are
conventional and are controlled by switches which are hand-held by
the occupant.
The possibility of an explosion resulting from an electrical spark
in an oxygen atmosphere always exists when an electrical circuit is
present within the oxygen tent in which the patient is being
treated. The hand operated electrically operated control mechanisms
of the prior art thus presents a hazard and has been banned least
in many jurisdictions for use in such circumstances.
Recently a great deal of attention is being drawn to hospital
equipment which is electrically operated because of the discovery
that extremely small amounts of current, known as leakage current,
has been found to present a high degree of hazard to patients. The
term "micro-shock" describes a condition which may be brought about
by direct contact with only milliamperes of electricity. It has
been demonstrated, for example, that when the current path-way is
directly heart to ground, as little as 0.00002 of one ampere of
current can fibrillate the heart. Current in this range is not
perceptible to the touch and can only be detected with sensitive
instruments. Thus even small amounts of electricity can be
extremely hazardous to some patients.
With prior art hospital beds, a large number of electrical cables
are required to control the various electrical motors included
within the hospital bed frame. These wires frequently drag on the
floor and also present dangerous conditions. Further, prior art
devices which are capable of adjusting the position of the bed
frequently comprise separate switches, each of which is operated by
the patient. This multiplicity of separate switches is frequently
complex, and it is often difficult for the occupant to properly
select the desired switch for operating the respective control
function.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved
actuating mechanism to assume the various positions of a hospital
bed without electrically operated control mechanisms.
Another object of the invention is to provide a control system
which exhibits greater safety features than those found in the
prior art.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a control
system which is relatively simple to understand and easy to
operate.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism
whereby cables and wires associated with the control functions of
the bed positions are permanently maintained off the floor thereby
eliminating the above-mentioned dangerous condition.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved
hospital bed which enables the occupant to select a desired
position with a simple manually operated selector mechanism which
does not rely on electricity in its operation.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hospital bed
wherein all electrical components are double insulated from the bed
parts to prevent any current leakage thereto.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become
more apparent from the following description.
In accordance with the principles of the invention, the above
objects are accomplished by providing a hospital bed including a
plurality of motors and interconnected mechanical means capable,
under control of the motors, to adjust the bed to various
positions, wherein the motors are controlled by a switch which, in
turn, is controlled by a fluid pressure developed by a hand-held
pendant which includes a plurality of depressable plungers. When a
selected plunger is depressed, a fluid is forced through a fluidic
carrying tube to cause a bellows to expand, closing a switch and
actuating a respective motor. The pendant includes a plurality of
similar plungers which are associated with respective cylinders so
that when a plunger is depressed, a cylinder head is also
compressed, causing the fluid within the fluidic system to expand
the bellows. A respective motor is provided for each of the
adjustments of the bed position, and each motor is controlled by a
separate bellows actuated switch. The preferred fluid is air,
however other fluids may be used in the fluidic system of this
invention.
In accordance with a feature of the invention, a plurality of tubes
connect from the cylinders to respective ones of the bellows, and
the air tubes are joined together in a common sleeve which is
maintained off the floor by a retriever assembly under tension.
Additionally all of the electrical components of the beds are
doubly insulated from the metallic portions so as to prevent any
current leakage through the bed to its occupant.
The pendant containing the fluidic control system is clearly marked
so as to be easily recognized by the occupant or attendant and
thus, the pendant is capable of being simply manually operated to
adjust the bed configuration quickly and efficiently.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional hospital bed for use
with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the bed frame adapted with the
manually operated non-electrical selector mechanism of the
invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the bed frame of FIG. 2,
shown thus for purposes of clarity.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 taken
along line 4--4 of FIG. 2
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the inter-connection between the
fluidic system, the snap-action switches and the operating means of
the inventive concept.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a pendant and air tube and cable assembly
used with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the pendant taken along line 7--7 of
FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a top view of a bellows operated switch mechanism used
with our invention.
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the assembly retriever mechanism used
for maintaining the cables off the floor.
FIG. 10 is a side view of the assembly retriever mechanism shown in
FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to FIG. 1, there is
shown a conventional hospital bed for use in hospitals and nursing
homes, the bed being capable of assuming several configurations. As
illustrated in FIG. 1, the bed 10 is provided with a foot board 12
and head board 14 connected together by side rails 16 and 18. The
bed is easily moved from position to position by means of casters
20 inserted in the bottom of the foot and head boards 12 and 14
respectively.
The bed further includes a mattress 22 supported on the bed frame,
the mattress and frame being capable of assuming several different
configurations. The contour position is illustrated by the dotted
lines and is attained by raising the middle portion of the foot
assembly in the normal inverted V. Additionally, the Fowler
position is capable of being achieved with the head portion
elevated to elevate the head and shoulders of the occupant.
FIGS. 2 through 4, which show the actuating mechanism or mechanical
adjustment means for adjusting the position of the bed, will now be
described.
In FIG. 2 a fragmentary view of a main frame assembly is shown.
Side rails 16 and 18 are rigidly attached to transverse bars 24
which conventionally are angle-iron bars. Two such transverse bars
are located at the head section 26, another two transverse bars in
an intermediate section 28, and another transverse bar 24 is
located at the foot portion 29 of the main frame of the bed.
To control the position of the bed, at least two electrical motor
means 30 and 32 are provided for controllingthe movemetn of the
knee and head sections, respectively. Other motors may be provided
for raising and lowering the bed, andfor providing other types of
positions, as desired.
Motors 30 and 32 are secured through insulators on respective motor
mounts 34 and 36 which, as illustrated with respect to motor mount
34, is rigidly secured to one of the transverse bars 24 through a
conventional attachment means 38. Motors 30 and 32 are coupled to
gearboxes 40 and 42, respectively, which transmit the rotational
movement of the motors to drive screws 44 and 46, respectively.
These screws are conventional Acme screws which, upon rotation,
operate to adjust the position of the hospital bed and communicate
with respective elevating arms 48 and 50.
Motor 30 is actuated by doubly insulated switch means 52 and 54
which are supported on support member 56, integrally attached to
one of the transverse bars 24 and motor 32 is operated by a double
insulated switch means 58 and 60 supported on support member 62
rigidly attached to another transverse bar 24. Each of the switches
is operated by a respective fluidic control means which includes a
fluidic conduit or tube 64, 66, 68 and 70. These tubes are
integrally carried in a collar 72 attached to support member 56 and
a sleeve 74 in which the fluidic tubes are housed. The sleeve 74 is
maintained off the floor level by an assembly retriever 76 (to be
described in more detail hereinafter) and terminates in a fluidic
pendant control for use by the patient.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4 there is shown an enlarged view
illustrating the operation of the adjustment mechanism used with
this invention. The adjustment mechanism is conventional and as
described above utilizes a rotating Acme screw which cooperates
with an elevating arm to achieve the desired movement. With
particular reference to FIG. 4, there is shown the lower side rail
18 fixed in position to the main frame of the bed and an upper
assembly 78 parallel to the side rail. The upper assembly 78 is
formed by a plurality of independent sections, such as a hip
section 80, a thigh section 82, a head section 84, and a foot
section 86. A side plate 88 is rigidly fastened between upper
assembly 78 and side rail 18 to secure the hip section firmly in
place. Elevating arm 48, which is utilized for raising or lowering
the thigh section, is attached to transverse rod member 91 by means
of a clevis 90 and clevis pin 92, and as the motor rotates the Acme
screw 44, elevating arm 48 moves transversely imparting an
elevating and depressing motion through clevis 90 and rod 91 to
thigh and foot sections 82 and 86, respectively, as shown in the
dotted lines. (FIG. 4) Additionally a foot ratchet 94 is utilized
with a foot pawl arm 96 to set the position of the foot section 86.
Foot pawl arm 96 is rotatable through the action of a pivot pin
fixedly secured to the foot section 86.
Similarly for adjusting the head section 84, Acme screw 46 and
elevating arm 50 cooperate with a clevis 93, clevis pin 95 and
transverse rod 97 to impart an elevating or depressing motion to
the head section thereby raising or lowering the head portion with
respect to the remainder of the bed.
FIG. 5 is an electrical wiring diagram for motors 30 and 32 and for
an additional motor 100, such as a hi-lo position motor, for
example. For purposes of simplification the adjustment mechanism
controlled by motor 100 has not been shown in FIGS. 2-4 since such
mechanism is similar to that described for the other adjustments
and is known to the art.
Fluidic carrier tubes 64 and 66 and 68 and 70 are associated with
switches 52 and 54 and 58 and 60, respectively. These switches are
electrically connected to motors 30 and 32, respectively. The
fluidic carrier tubes terminate in a bellows or a pressure
responsive means, such as 102 and a pressure increase of the fluid
in the tubes causes the bellows to expand. When the bellows expand,
a spring arm is urged against a projecting member which is coupled
to an electrical contact within the switch. Upon movement of the
projecting member, the electrical path is closed allowing power to
be supplied to a respective motor. Hi-lo motor 100 is connected to
switches 104 and 106 which are controlled by tubes 108 and 110,
respectively, which expand and contract the associated bellows. A
source of power is connected to each motor through a master switch
(not shown) and cable 107 which carries the power to respective
terminals of the switches 52, 54, 58, 60, 104 and 106. An override
switch 108 is connected between switches 104 and 106 and motor 100
which may be mounted to the bed frame or in a suitable remote
central control station manned by hospital personnel and is used to
remotely control the horizontal position of the bed.
As was stated above, all components of the electrical system are
insulated from the frame members through insulators to prevent any
current leakage from being conducted to the bed occupant.
Thus, the closing of a selected switch will energize a respective
motor to rotate in one direction actuating the adjustment mechanism
for moving the bed to a selected configuration. The motors are of
the reversible type capable of being rotated in either direction,
thus one motor furnishing power for both the elevation and
depression, for example.
It is the main feature of this invention that the motors are
controlled not by electrical switches in the hands of the occupant,
as is usual in the prior art, but by a fluidic system. This system
comprises a set of fluidic tubes which at one end are connected to
operate respective switches through the bellows as indicated in
FIG. 5 and at the other end terminate in a hand-held pendant 112 as
illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.
The pendant 112 is preferably made of a plastic type material and
is provided with a face plate 114 through which are mounted
plungers 116 and 118 for controlling the hi-lo position of the bed,
plungers 120 and 122 for controlling the head position, and
plungers 124 and 126 for controlling the knee position of the bed.
These plungers may be suitably colored so as to be distinguishable
from the face plate and with the proper labelling as indicated in
FIG. 6, are capable of being easily recognized by the patient. Each
of the six fluidic tubes, such as 108, terminates in a respective
cylinder 128 (as illustrated in FIG. 7) which communicates with a
respective plunger. Each plunger is biased in an upward position by
a spring member 130 housed in the respective cylinders. Upon
depression of the plunger 118, for example, the air pressure in the
cylinder 128 is increases and carried through the respective tube
extending a bellows causing a respective switch to close.
A spring member 130 abuts the shoulder 132 provided on the upper
end of each of the plungers 116 and 118. The spring 130 tends to
return the plunger to its outward position. When the plunger is
depressed, against the action of the spring, air in a chamber near
the base of the plunger is evacuated and enters the bellows to
expand the same. Fluidic tubes are carried in the sleeve 136 which
may be of a relatively rigid coiled construction.
FIG. 8 illustrates in more detail the bellows operated switch
means. A fluidic tube, such as 68, is connected through a fitting
138 to bellows 102 which abuts against the spring arm member 140.
When the bellows expands, arm member 140 is pushed against
projecting member 142 which closes a pair of associated contacts
housed within the switch 144 to control the operation of a
respective motor through a pair of electrical terminals 146 for
connecting the switch to the motor and source of power.
FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate yet another feature of the present
invention in which the assembly retriever 76 is shown in greater
detail.
The assembly retriever is provided with a spring biased retriever
reel 148 upon which is wound a cable 150 which is connected to a
bracket yoke 152 having oppositely disposed legs 154 and 156
between which is mounted a roller 158. The tube sleeve 74 is wound
onto roller 158 and is maintained in a generally horizontal
position through the action of biased reel 148, cable 150, bracket
yoke 152 and roller 158, keeping the slack out of the sleeve 74 and
off the floor. As the sleeve is moved the retriever moves outwardly
from its normally retracted position against the leasing action
reel 148. The spring biased retriever reel 148 is fixedly attached
to a transverse bar member 24 (FIG. 3) providing a fixed support
point for the assembly retriever.
To summarize briefly, the present invention provides an improved
control mechanism for adjusting the positions of a hospital bed
which does not utilize electrical components. The control system of
the invention utilizes a fluidic system utilizing fluid pressure to
control respective motors for selective position adjustment. The
prior art electrical switches and the hazards attendant thereto
have been removed and replaced by the improved pressure system of
the invention. In addition, an assembly retriever is provided for
maintaining the sleeve housing the requisite cables, wiring and
tubing off the floor, thereby eliminating and minimizing
accidents.
As another feature of the inventive concept all components carrying
electric current are carefully doubly insulated from the metal of
the frame to insure absence of current leakage found to be
prevalent in prior art beds.
It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, amont those
made apparent from the preceding description, are efficiently
attained and, since certain changes may be made in the above
apparatus without departing from the scope of the invention, it is
intended that all matter contained in the above description and
shown in the accompanyng drawings shall be interpreted as
illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
* * * * *