U.S. patent number 3,797,292 [Application Number 05/273,794] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-19 for keys.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ingersoll Locks Limited. Invention is credited to Jack William Taylor.
United States Patent |
3,797,292 |
Taylor |
March 19, 1974 |
KEYS
Abstract
The invention is for a key comprising a bit having at least one
tumbler engaging surface area including a plurality of step
portions each step portion being adapted to engage an appropriate
tumbler in said lock with which the key is to be employed each step
being shaped or cut in its extremity to enable a surface area of
the step to engage a key engaging portion of said tumbler wherein
the thickness of the step portions is varied along the length of a
bit constituted by said portions.
Inventors: |
Taylor; Jack William
(Bournemouth, EN) |
Assignee: |
Ingersoll Locks Limited
(Berkshire, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
23045429 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/273,794 |
Filed: |
July 21, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/409 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
19/0029 (20130101); Y10T 70/7881 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
19/00 (20060101); E05b 019/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/366,365,409,411,407,402,406 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
646,486 |
|
Nov 1950 |
|
GB |
|
140,988 |
|
Jun 1953 |
|
SW |
|
Primary Examiner: Wolfe; Robert L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Greigg; Edwin E.
Claims
I claim:
1. A key for actuating a lock having a plurality of tumblers each
of which includes a stepped notched area for accommodation of said
key, comprising a shank supporting a bit having a predetermined
length and thickness sufficient to actuate each of the plurality of
tumblers, said bit having a bottom portion lying in a plane
parallel with said shank and an intermediate portion further
including front and rear surface areas at least one of which is
modified longitudinally of its length, said bit further being
varied in thickness longitudinally of its length in increments
complemental to each of said tumblers.
2. A key as claimed in claim 1, in which said modified areas
present a cranked intermediate portion, said portion causing at
least one of said front and rear surface areas to be offset with
respect to the plane of said shank and said bottom portion.
3. A key as claimed in claim 1, in which at least one of the
surface areas of said bit is severed longitudinally of its length
so as to vary the thickness of said bit in increments complemental
to each of said tumblers.
4. A key as claimed in claim 1, in which the surface areas of said
bit are arranged to actuate tumblers which operate in both
clockwise and counterclockwise directions.
Description
The present invention relates to keys and has particular reference
to keys suitable for use with a lock as described in Application
Ser. No. 273,863, filed July 21, 1972. This co-pending Patent
Application describes a key operable plug mechanism comprising a
side bar movable with respect to said plug between a lock position
in which the side bar projects from said plug and the free position
in which the side bar is disposed substantially within the
periphery of said plug, a plurality of tumblers disposed within
said plug each capable of rotational movement with respect to said
plug and to each other, each tumbler having an engaging surface
adapted to engage at least a side part of a key bit and a
peripheral notch predetermined angular relationship with the key
engaging surface, and a cylinder adapted to encompass said tumblers
whereby in the locking position of the side bar, the said
peripheral notches of the tumblers are dispersed so that the
periphery of at least one tumbler prevents movement of said side
bar to the unlocked position, the arrangement being such that on
insertion and rotation of an appropriate key, the engaging surface
of the tumblers will engage said key for rotation therewith to
align said notches adjacent said side bar so that continued
rotation of said key permits rotational movements to be transmitted
to said side bar by the cylinder to permit said side bar to move to
said free position.
The said co-pending patent application also includes a key operable
assembly for a lock which assembly comprises a body member having a
generally cylindrical bore, a rotatable cylinder disposed within
said bore including a side bar movable between a locking position
in which the side bar engages said body member to prevent
substantial relative rotation between said plug and said body
member and a free position in which the side bar is disengaged from
said body member to permit said relative rotation, a plurality of
tumblers disposed in substantially spaced parallel relationship
with said plug and capable of rotation about an axis coaxial with
said bore, each tumbler having a key engaging surface and a
peripheral notch adapted to accommodate at least part of said side
bar and a cylinder encompassing said tumblers and adapted to impart
motion to said side bar, whereby when the side bar is in the
locking position, the peripheral notches of said tumblers are
dispersed so that a periphery of at least one of said tumblers
prevents movement of said side bar out of engagement with said
member and the arrangement being such that on insertion of rotation
of an appropriate key, the tumblers are engaged by said key on
rotation thereof to produce relative rotation between said tumblers
or sets of tumblers to align said notches to allow movement of said
side bar from said locking position to said free position and so
that continued rotation of said key causes said cylinder to impart
rotary motion to said side bar to obtain relative rotation between
said plug and body member.
The present invention, therefore, relates to a key of the type
adapted for use in conjunction with a locking mechanism described
above comprising a bit having a substantially planar tumbler
engaging side face having a plurality of step portions, each step
portion being adapted to engage an appropriate tumbler in the said
mechanism with which the key is associated, and each step being
shaped or cut in its extremity from said pin so that a side face of
said step will engage a selective key engaging surface in the
associated tumbler whereby on insertion and rotation of the key
within the mechanism, relative angular rotation occurs between the
tumblers by virtue of the key engaging different engaging surfaces
on the tumblers to align the side bar notches thereby permitting
operation of the mechanism wherein the thickness of the step
portions of the bit is varied along the length thereof.
Thus the configuration of the engaging face of the bit is other
than planar and the corresponding key engaging surface of each
tumbler in the lock is suitably configured to correspond therewith.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness
of the step portions is reduced at intervals along the body to
provide varying thicknesses between various steps in the bit as
well as providing various depths. In this way the angular
disposition between the notch and the key engaging surface of each
tumbler then may be varied from tumbler to tumbler the arrangement
being such on rotation of the key in the lock the key engaging
surfaces are aligned with the configured key engaging surface of
the key itself thereby aligning the said notches.
This feature has the advantage that the keys in accordance with the
present invention are difficult to reproduce on a standard key
duplicating machine since the standard key duplicating machine is
only concerned with the reproduction of varying depths of each step
along the bit.
It will be appreciated, therefore, that the present invention can
be applied to keys of the pin type and flat types with a plain bit
or a fluted bit the configuration of the key engaging surface being
varied on one or both sides.
Following is a description by way of example only with reference to
the accompanying informal drawings and embodiments in accordance
with the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a key in accordance with the invention
engaging a cylinder mechanism.
FIGS. 2 to 11 are sections through the key of FIG. 1.
FIG. 12a is a side view of a key showing the step portion of the
bit sub-divided into step depth to show the manner in which the
thickness is varied.
FIGS. 12b and 12c show the said key in engaging position with
tumbler.
FIG. 13 is a section through a cranked key bit showing the
appropriate variation in the shape of the pick up steps of each
tumbler.
FIGS. 14 to 18 indicate alternative configurations of keys in
accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a section through a flat key in accordance with the
present invention.
FIG. 1 it will be seen that the bit 10 extends substantially
radially of the pin 11. The thickness of the bit as indicated by
't' (see FIG. 2) is substantially uniform for the whole depth of
the bit 10. The bit 10 is subdivided by a dotted line 12 to
indicate the different step depths to which the extremity surface
13 of bit 10 may be cut to pick up the various key engaging
surfaces of the tumblers of the locks specifically described in
co-pending application No. 273,863, filed July 21, 1972. In this
embodiment, therefore, the key engaging surface is the surface
indicated generally at 14. FIGS. 3 to 11 show each of the specific
steps along the key of FIG. 1 showing how the thicknesses vary from
step to step along the bit section.
FIG. 12a is a side view of a key in accordance with the present
invention showing one of the steps of reduced depth also having a
thickness of a portion of the said step reduced.
FIG. 12b shows a section for key pin and bit along the line A -- A
of FIG. 12a. The step portion has an extremity surface 20
determining the radial extent of the portion from bit 11. The
tumbler engaging surface 21 is reduced at 22 to provide a step 23.
Thus it will be appreciated that the reduced thickness will permit
some rotation of the key alone, until the reduced surface abuts the
tumbler engaging surface 74.
FIG. 13 shows a key pin 11 having a depending bit indicated
generally at 30 having an upper portion 31 and a lower portion 32
joined by an intermediate cranked portion 33. In this case the key
engaging surface 34 is configured or profiled in which case the
corresponding surfaces on the tumbler key engaging surfaces can be
suitably profiled.
FIGS. 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 illustrate alternative configurations
of key engaging surfaces. It will be appreciated that where left
and right hand operated locks are employed, one key can be employed
for two locks so that, provided the depths of the steps of the same
in connection with each lock, the angular separation of the
selected pick up step on each tumbler together with its associated
notch is varied to take account of the varying thickness of the
section of the key bit adapted to engage therewith by configuring
opposed surfaces or at least one surface of the key. This one key
can operate two locks by using different faces thereof whereby a
similar key having a planar tumbler engaging face on the bit and
having the same depth of bit pattern will operate only one of said
locks. Where the key is configured on both surfaces then it is
clear that the planar faced key will not open either of said
locks.
FIG. 19 illustrates a key of the flat section whereby the tumbler
engaging surfaces are denoted by fluted portion 30, 31 and 32 along
one face of the key.
* * * * *