U.S. patent number 3,796,513 [Application Number 05/264,102] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-12 for high damping blades.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Otakar Jonas.
United States Patent |
3,796,513 |
Jonas |
March 12, 1974 |
HIGH DAMPING BLADES
Abstract
A rotating turbine blade having an elongated depression disposed
lengthwise along a concave surface forming an airfoil shaped
portion of the blade and a high damping material disposed in the
depression to produce a high strength blade with good damping
characteristics.
Inventors: |
Jonas; Otakar (Claymont,
DE) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
23004588 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/264,102 |
Filed: |
June 19, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
416/224;
416/229R; 416/500; 473/545; 416/229A; 416/241R |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01D
5/16 (20130101); Y10S 416/50 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F01D
5/14 (20060101); F01D 5/16 (20060101); F01d
005/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;416/229,230,500,224,241 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Powell, Jr.; Everette A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Baehr, Jr.; Fred J.
Claims
1. A rotatable blade for an elastic fluid machine having a rotor,
said blade being formed of a high strength material and comprising
a root portion which fastens to said rotor, and a airfoil shaped
portion which extends radially from said rotor portion and has a
concave and convex portion; said concave portion having an
elongated depression disposed lengthwise therein, said depression
terminating radially outwardly from the root portion, said
depression having a high damping material disposed therein, whereby
the vibration of the blade is dampened, while the
2. A rotatable blade as set forth in claim 1, wherein the high
damping material is so disposed in the depression to provide a
continuous concave
3. A blade as set forth in claim 1, wherein the root end of the
depression gradually reduces in depth as it approaches the root,
thereby eliminating stress concentrations resulting from the
formation of the depression in
4. A blade as set forth in claim 1, wherein the blade is formed
from an
5. A blade as set forth in claim 1, wherein the damping material is
a nickel chrome iron alloy.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to turbine blades and more particularly to
vibration damping blades.
During the operation of a turbine the rotating blades are subjected
to centrifugal forces and repetitive forces produced by the
impinging steam and by other sources which cause the blades to
vibrate, producing varying forces and stresses which result in
fatigue cracks appearing on the surface of the blades and
progressing inwardly until the blades must be removed or they will
fracture, causing extensive damage to the turbine. The life of the
blades decreases with increasing amplitude of the vibrational
stresses, so that reducing the amplitude of the vibrational
stresses, retards the formation of the fatigue cracks and extends
the life of the blades.
Unfortunately, high strength materials with good fatique resistant
qualities, that are required because of the stresses involved in
rotating the blades at high speeds, have poor damping
characteristics and materials having good damping characteristics,
normally have low fatigue strength, therefore blades combining
several materials have been suggested. Reference may be made to the
Heymann U.S. Pat. No. 2,984,453, which is assigned to the same
assignee, for additional information on such blades.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In general, a rotatable blade for an elastic fluid machine, when
made in accordance with this invention, is formed from a high
strength material and has an elongated depression disposed
lengthwise therein and a high dampening material is disposed in the
depression, whereby the vibration of the blade is dampened, while
the strength of the blade is not materially altered.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The objects and advantages of this invention will become more
apparent from reading the following detailed description in
connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a turbine blade made in accordance
with this invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on lines II--II of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line III--III of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail, FIG. 1 shows a rotatable
blade 1 for an elastic fluid machine such as a steam turbine. The
blade 1 comprises a root portion 3 having a fir tree configuration,
which slidably engages a groove in a rotor (not shown) having
generally the same configuration as the root of the blade.
Extending upwardly from the root portion 3 is a blade portion 5
having an airfoil shaped cross section, which is shown best in FIG.
2. The blade portion 5 has a rounded leading edge 7 and a
relatively sharp trailing edge 9 with smooth rounded or arcuate
surfaces 11 and 13 disposed between the edges 7 and 9. One of the
rounded surfaces 11 is concave and the other rounded surface 13 is
convex.
The concave surface 11 has an elongated depression or groove 15
formed therein. The depression is disposed to extend lengthwise of
the blade 1, extends from adjacent the root portion to the tip of
the blade, and is filled with a material having high damping
characteristics such as a copper manganese alloy or a ferric nickel
chrome alloy. The material having high damping characteristics may
be deposited in the depression by a plasma spray process, an
electrolysis process or by other means.
The blade 1 may be from a high strength material such as an alloy
steel, i.e., 12 percent chrome steel or 17-4 PH steel, or a
titanium alloy may be utilized in manufacturing the blades.
The outer surface of the damping material is shaped to provide the
blade with a smooth curved surface to form the airfoil shaped cross
section well known in the art.
The lower end of the depression 15 adjacent the root 3 has a radius
19, which generally reduces in depth as it approaches the root 3,
to eliminate stress concentrations resulting from forming the
depression in the blade.
The blade, hereinbefore described, advantageously forms a composite
structure, which is easy to manufacture, has good damping
characteristics, and yet is sufficiently strong to withstand the
high stresses associated with rotating blades at high speeds and
has good fatigue strength.
* * * * *