U.S. patent number 3,795,756 [Application Number 05/287,568] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-05 for electronic tremolo effect producing device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Svoichi Suzuki.
United States Patent |
3,795,756 |
Suzuki |
March 5, 1974 |
ELECTRONIC TREMOLO EFFECT PRODUCING DEVICE
Abstract
A tremolo effect producing device, wherein a frequency deviated
musical sound signal the frequency of which is shifted higher or
lower by as much as an extremely low frequency signal, is
tone-colored differently from the tone color of the original
signal, and the frequency deviated musical sound signal thus
tone-colored and an original musical sound signal are mixed at a
predetermined level. The resultant mixed signal presents a repeated
change in tone color, which results in a so-called tone color
tremolo. A tone coloring circuit for the frequency deviated musical
sound signal expediently comprises a filter circuit acting as a
filter the value of which changes in response to the level of an
extremely low frequency signal applied at a control terminal of the
filter circuit.
Inventors: |
Suzuki; Svoichi (Hamamatsu,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki
Kaisha (Shizuoka-ken, JA)
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Family
ID: |
26345647 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/287,568 |
Filed: |
September 8, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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111449 |
Feb 1, 1971 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 3, 1970 [JA] |
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45-10387 |
Feb 5, 1970 [JA] |
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45-11739 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
84/705; 84/697;
84/699; 84/706; 984/310; 984/327 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G10H
1/12 (20130101); G10H 1/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G10H
1/06 (20060101); G10H 1/04 (20060101); G10H
1/12 (20060101); G10h 001/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;84/1.01,1.11,1.19,1.22,1.24,1.25,DIG.4 ;331/106 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wilkinson; Richard B.
Assistant Examiner: Witkowski; Stanley J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Holman; J. C.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 111,449, filed Feb.
1, 1971, now abandoned.
Claims
1. An electronic tremolo-effect producing device, producing a
tremolo effect by mixing a musical sound signal with a
frequency-deviated musical signal, comprising:
a tone generator to generate musical sound signals;
a first tone coloring circuit connected to said tone generator for
effecting tone coloring of a selected musical sound signal from
said tone generator;
a modulating circuit connected to receive the tone-colored selected
signal from said first tone coloring circuit and comprising a low
frequency oscillator generating a low frequency carrier signal and
a modulator connected thereto and giving out a modulated
signal;
a filter means connected to said modulator for eliminating said low
frequency carrier signal from the modulated signal and for giving
an output which is selectively deviated on higher and lower sides
of the selected signal frequency to the extent of the frequency of
said low frequency oscillator;
a second tone coloring circit connected to said modulating circuit
to receive said output from said filter means, said second tone
coloring circuit including a variable filter circuit having a
control input receiving the low frequency signal, wherein the value
of the variable filter circuit varies in response to variations of
said low frequency signal; and
a signal mixing means connected to said first and second tone
coloring circuits to mix at a predetermined level said frequency
deviated signal which is tone-colored and said tone-colored
selected musical sound signal, to obtain a tremolo effect.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to an electronic tremolo effect
producing device, and more particularly to a type of device in
which a tremolo effect accompanied by a tone color modulation is
obtained.
Heretofore, there have been used tremolo or chorus producing
devices wherein an electrical musical sound signal (as a carrier
wave) is amplitude modulated with a signal (as a modulating wave)
having a desired frequency and waveform, or alternatively, in a
second method the electrical signal is converted into a sound
signal through a loudspeaker rotating at a desired speed.
(Hereinafter, as far as the electronic musical instrument of the
invention is concerned, a tremolo effect represents a modulation by
a frequency ranging from 5 Hz to 10 Hz, while a chorus effect
represents a modulation by a frequency ranging from 0.5 Hz to 2
Hz.) However, in the first mentioned system, since only amplitude
modulation is employed, the frequency of the musical sound signal
remains unchanged, and therefore the resultant sound is rather
monotonous and the sound effect is very poor. On the other hand, in
the second system, a loudspeaker having a directional
characteristic is rotated. Therefore, when a sound produced
therefrom is listened to at a certain position, different frequency
characteristics are found at every rotating position of the
loudspeaker. In other words, the tone color is modulated and
further the phase and directivity of the musical sound signal are
varied. In addition, a variation (amplitude modulation) of the
signal level results whereby a wide spread sensation can be
obtained. Therefore, the second system is very effective, but it
involves disadvantages such as an excessively complicated rotating
mechanism and a driving mechanism of the loudspeaker, and high
production cost thereof. Furthermore, there are possibilities of
various undesirable noises occurring, such as wind noise and other
mechanical noises being introduced at the time of rotation of the
loudspeaker.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly a primary object of the present invention to
provide a novel organization of a tremolo or chorus effect
producing device wherein all of the above-described drawbacks of
the conventional devices can be eliminated.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic
tremolo effect producing device which produces a tremolo effect or
a chorus effect accompanied by amplitude modulation and frequency
modulation, and further effected by a tone color modulation.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a tremolo
effect producing device which can be freely incorporated in a
desired tone color of an electronic musical instrument, and where
many stages of key boards in the musical instrument are provided,
in only one stage of the stages.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a
novel tremolo or chorus effect producing device which can operate
in purely electronic manner and is simple and small in organization
and economical in production.
The nature, utility and the principle of the present invention will
be more clearly understood from the following detailed description
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the tremolo
effect producing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the mixing
circuit included in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram exhibiting an example of the mixing
circuit included in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a further embodiment of the
present invention;
FIGS. 6 and 7 are circuit diagrams showing concrete examples of the
filter included in a tone coloring circuit of FIG. 5; and
FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are graphic diagrams exhibiting the
characteristics of the filter included in the tone coloring
circuit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference now to the accompanying drawings and more
particularly to FIG. 1, reference symbol G represents a tone
generator and K represents a keyboard including key switches. A
musical sound signal selectively derived from the keyboard K is
properly tone-colored by a tone-coloring circuit F.sub.1 and is
then fed to an amplifier AMP. At the same time, the musical sound
signal (the signal usually comprises a plurality of frequency
components thus constituting a frequency spectrum band and the
frequency there of is varied in accordance with the progression of
the musical performance, but for convenience in explanation in this
specification, the musical signal is represented by only a single
frequency of f Hz) is applied to a modulating circuit D. The
modulating circuit D comprises an oscillator LFO oscillating a
signal having a frequency (0.5 to 10 Hz) which is substantially
lower than that of the musical sound signal, an amplitude modulator
M, and a high-pass filter F.sub.D. The modulating circuit D serves
to amplitude modulate an extremely low frequency signal (as a
carrier wave) furnished from the extremely low frequency oscillator
LFO with the musical sound signal (as a modulating wave). In this
case, either a single side band modulation method or a two side
band modulation method may be utilized for the amplitude
modulation.
Hereinafter, the modulation method of two side band modulation is
described.
Now it is assumed that a signal (carrier) to be modulated furnished
from the extremely low frequency oscillator LFO is represented by A
cos.DELTA.w t (where .DELTA.w = 2.pi..DELTA.f) and the musical
sound signal (modulating wave) is represented by a cosw t (wherew =
2.pi.f), an amplitude-modulated output signal which is obtained on
the output side of the amplitude modulator M is represented by the
following formula:
A cos.DELTA.w t (1 + m cosw t)
= A cos .DELTA. t + (mA/2) [ cos (w + .DELTA. w)t + cos (w -
.DELTA. w)t ]
where m = ka and m means the amplitude modulation factor (k is the
modulation sensitivity).
Then, when an extremely low frequency component of the thus
obtained output signal is eliminated by means of the high-pass
filter F.sub.D, a signal represented by the following formula is
obtained at an output terminal T.sub.1 of the high-pass filter
F.sub.D :
(mA/2) [ cos (w + .DELTA. w)t + cos (w - .DELTA. w)t ]
This signal is shifted in frequency by as much as .DELTA.f to both
sides of the original frequency (f) of the musical sound signal.
Furthermore, this signal is properly tone-colored through a tone
coloring circuit F.sub.2 which gives a tone color different from
the tone color given by the circuit F.sub.1 and is then fed to the
amplifier AMP thereby to be mixed with an original musical sound
signal. The thus mixed signal is passed through the amplifier AMP
and converted into sound in a loudspeaker SP.
A tremolo effect or a chorus effect can be recognized as marked or
less marked depending on the tone-color or the musical signal.
Therefore, when the tone-coloring circuit F.sub.2 has a proper
formant, the mixed signal represents a kind of tone-color
modulation due to the beat phenomenon between f and f .+-. .DELTA.
f thereby to make the tremolo-effect more pronounced. In addition,
it is not always required to insert the tone coloring circuit
F.sub.1 into the circuit after the branch to the modulator M as
shown in FIG. 1, and it may be inserted before the branching point
so that the musical sound signal commonly tone-colored is fed to
the modulation circuit D.
Mixing of the frequency deviated musical sound signal furnished
from the tone coloring circuit F.sub.2 and the original musical
sound signal may be accomplished by various ways. For instance, the
mixing may be effected in such a manner that the relative rate of
these signals is variable by a variable resistor VR and a resistor
R.sub.2 provided in the frequency deviated musical sound signal
path and by providing a resistor R.sub.1 in the original musical
sound signal path as shown in FIG. 3, or that the musical sound
signal alone and that accompanied with the tone color modulation
can be selectively switched over by a switch provided on the output
side of the filter F.sub.2 as shown in FIG. 4.
Now, shown in FIG. 5 is an electronic musical instrument which
comprises a musical sound signal generator MS, a phase shifter
PS.sub.1 adapted to cause a phase shift proportional to the
frequency of a musical sound signal, an amplitude modulating
circuit D, a filter F.sub.2 of a tone coloring circuit, a phase
shifter PS.sub.2, resistors R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, an amplifier AMP,
and a loudspeaker SP. In FIG. 5, a case of two side band modulation
is shown as one example of the amplitude modulating circuit D which
comprises an amplitude modulator M, an extremely low frequency
oscillator LFO oscillating a frequency (for instance 0.5 to 10 Hz)
which is substantially lower than that of the musical sound signal,
and a high-pass filter F.sub.D used to eliminate the extremely low
frequency signal.
In the same manner as in FIG. 1, a signal represented by the
following formula is obtained at an output terminal T.sub.1 of the
filter F.sub.D in FIG. 5 also:
(mA/2) [ cos (w + .DELTA. w)t + cos (w - .DELTA. w)t ]
This represents a signal which is shifted in frequency by as much
as .DELTA.f to both sides of a frequency (f) of the musical sound
signal.
Then, this signal is properly tone-colored through the filter
F.sub.2 of the tone coloring circuit, and is then mixed at a proper
level through the resistor R.sub.2 with original musical sound
signal which is passed through the resistor R.sub.1.
The filter F.sub.2 of the tone coloring circuit serves to vary its
filtering characteristic by the extremely low frequency signal
furnished from the low frequency oscillator LFO, and the tone color
of an output signal of the amplitude modulating circuit D is varied
in response to the extremely low frequency signal applied to a
control terminal of the filter F.sub.2.
The filter F.sub.2 of the tone coloring circuit may be composed as
shown in FIG. 6 so that its filtering characteristic be changed by
varying its quality factor (Q value) constructed as in FIG. 7, or
the filter F.sub.2 may be made so that its frequency characteristic
be changed.
FIG. 8 illustrates one example of the characteristic of the filter
shown in FIG. 6, and its level is changed in the vicinity of
frequency 2.5 kHz as shown by (a) through (c) depending on the
voltage value of the extremely low frequency signal applied to the
control terminal CT. FIGS. 9 and 10 show characteristics of the
filter circuit illustrated in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 shows a characteristic
thereof when switches SW.sub.1 and SW.sub.2 of FIG. 7 are changed
over to the side 1, while FIG. 10 shows a characteristic thereof
when the switches SW.sub.1 and SW.sub.2 are changed over to the
side 2, and the characteristics are as shown by (a) through (b)
depending upon the voltage value of a signal applied to the control
terminal CT.
A signal mixed through the resistors R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is
converted through the amplifier AMP into a sound which varies in
amplitude, frequency and tone color, whereby a tremolo effect sound
similar to that in a rotating loudspeaker can be obtained. In
addition, .DELTA.f should be 5 Hz to 7 Hz to obtain the tremolo
effect and 0.5 Hz to 2 Hz to obtain a chorus effect.
Moreover, if the phase shifter PS.sub.1 is provided where shown by
a dotted line in FIG. 5, a more intricate effect can be produced.
In other words, phase-shifting by the phase shifter PS.sub.1
increases with the increment of frequency.
Therefore, a phase difference is produced between the musical sound
signal (modulating wave) and the extremely low frequency signal
(carrier wave) in the amplitude modulator D. Consequently,
frequency modulation and amplitude modulation are effected by the
frequency of the musical sound signal thereby to produce intricate
effects. Further, if the phase shifter PS.sub.2 is inserted between
the extremely low frequency oscillator LFO and the filter F.sub.2,
the extremely low frequency signal applied to the amplitude
modulator D becomes different in phase from the extremely low
frequency signal applied to the control terminal of the filter
F.sub.2, and as a result of which the frequency and phase
variations of the sound produced from the loudspeaker differs from
the tone color thereof thereby to produce intricate effects.
While a few embodiments of the present invention have been
illustrated and described in detail, it is particularly understood
that the present invention is not limited thereto or thereby.
* * * * *