U.S. patent number 3,795,089 [Application Number 05/221,458] was granted by the patent office on 1974-03-05 for wet scrubber for air purifying systems.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kunststoffetechnik G.m.b.H. & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Karl Reither.
United States Patent |
3,795,089 |
Reither |
March 5, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
WET SCRUBBER FOR AIR PURIFYING SYSTEMS
Abstract
A wet scrubber for an air purifying system comprising a housing
having an inlet and an outlet for gas flow through the housing. The
scrubber includes wetting means in the form of a plurality of jet
banks mounted in the housing for wetting the gas flowing through
the housing with a liquid purging agent. The jet banks are mounted
in the housing for installation and removal transversely of the
longitudinal axis of the housing. One or more packings are mounted
in the housing and are retained therein in such a manner that the
packings can be installed and removed in an axial or longitudinal
direction with respect to the housing when the jet banks are
moved.
Inventors: |
Reither; Karl (Troisdorf/Spich,
DT) |
Assignee: |
Kunststoffetechnik G.m.b.H. &
Co. KG (Troisdorf, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
6618872 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/221,458 |
Filed: |
January 21, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Feb 10, 1971 [DT] |
|
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7104981 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
96/262; 96/300;
96/416; 96/356; 55/478; 55/482; 55/504; 261/98; 261/116;
261/117 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01D
47/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01D
47/06 (20060101); B01d 047/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;55/90-95,220,227,228,233,230,257,258,259,260,274,478-482,504
;261/115-118,98,111 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nozick; Bernard
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Reising, Ethington & Perry
Claims
I claim:
1. Wet scrubbing apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet
and an outlet permitting gas flow through said housing; wetting
means in said housing between said inlet and outlet for wetting gas
flowing through said housing with a liquid purging agent; at least
one liquid discharge opening in said housing for conducting liquid
purging agent supplied by said wetting means from said housing; and
mounting means removably mounting said wetting means in said
housing permitting installation and removal of the said wetting
means transversely of the longitudinal axis of said housing; said
wetting means comprising at least one jet bank, and said mounting
means including an opening in the side wall of said housing and a
removable plate covering said opening, said opening being of
sufficient size to permit installation and removal therethrough of
said jet bank; said mounting means further including a supply tube
extending radially from said jet bank with its outer end projecting
through said plate for connection with a supply of liquid purging
agent; said mounting means further including gusset means extending
between said supply tube and said plate; said gusset means
including a pair of inner gussets extending between said supply
tube and the inner surface of said plate, and a pair of outer
gussets extending between said supply tube and the outer side of
said plate; said mounting means further including a retaining tube
projecting radially from said jet bank, and a retaining pin
extending radially inwardly from the housing wall and received in
said retaining tube.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including a retaining pin
opening in the wall of said housing, and a retaining cap overlying
said retaining pin opening, and wherein said retaining pin projects
through said retaining pin opening into threaded engagement with
said retaining cap.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said jet bank comprises:
a central distributor body, and jet spider means mounted on said
distributor body.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said jet spider means
includes a large spider and a small spider, said spiders being
spaced axially from each other.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein each of said spiders
includes a plurality of jet tubes projecting radially from said
distributor body, the jet tubes of said large spider each having a
greater length than the jet tubes of said small spider, each of
said jet tubes having jet nozzles at their outer ends for spraying
liquid purging agent in a generally longitudinal direction with
respect to said housing.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 including an outwardly
projecting collar surrounding said opening, said plate overlying
the outer end of said collar.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said wetting means
comprises a central distributor body, and jet spider means mounted
on said distributor body.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein said jet spider means
includes a large spider and a small spider, said spiders being
spaced axially from each other.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein each of said spiders
includes a plurality of jet tubes projecting radially from said
distributor, the jet tubes of said large spider each having a
greater length than the jet tubes of said small spider, each of
said jet tubes having jet nozzles at their outer ends for spraying
liquid purging agent in a generally longitudinal direction with
respect to said housing.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including at least one packing
in said housing between said inlet and said outlet.
11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 10 including packing retaining
means removably retaining said packing in said housing for
installation and removal axially of said housing.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein said packing retaining
means comprises a fixed retaining ring secured to the inner wall of
said housing for engagement by one side of said packing near the
periphery thereof, and a removable retaining ring axially
installable and removable in said housing for engagement by the
other side of said packing near the periphery thereof.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 wherein said packing retaining
means further comprises a plurality of spacer rods each having one
end secured to said removable retaining ring and extending axially
therefrom, and a second removable retaining ring secured to the
other ends of said spacer rods.
14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 13 further including means
providing an abutment for said second removable retaining ring.
15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein said packing retaining
means comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced retaining
pin assemblies each including a retaining pin projecting radially
inwardly from the side wall of said housing for engagement by the
periphery of said packing.
16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein said wetting means
comprises at least one jet bank, and said mounting means includes
an opening in the side wall of said housing and a removable plate
covering said opening, said opening being of sufficient size to
permit installation and removal therethrough of said jet bank.
17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 16 wherein said mounting means
further includes a supply tube extending radially from said jet
bank with its outer end projecting through said plate for
connection with a supply of liquid purging agent.
18. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including a sump mounted on the
outer side wall of said housing communicating with said liquid
discharge opening.
19. Apparatus as claimed in claim 18 including a liquid discharge
opening on each side of each of said packings communicating with
said sump, and a drain tube in said sump for conducting liquid from
said sump.
20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein the upper end of said
drain tube is elevated above the bottom of said sump to provide a
minimum liquid level in said sump.
21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 20 further including a plurality
of separating walls extending from said housing into said sump to a
depth below the upper end of said drain tube to prevent gas flowing
through said housing from bypassing said packings.
22. Wet scrubbing apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet
and an outlet permitting gas flow through said housing; wetting
means in said housing between said inlet and outlet for wetting gas
flowing through said housing with a liquid purging agent; at least
one liquid discharge opening in said housing for conducting liquid
purging agent supplied by said wetting means from said housing; and
mounting means removably mounting said wetting means in said
housing permitting installation and removal of said wetting means
transversely of the longitudinal axis of said housing; at least one
packing in said housing between said inlet and said outlet; packing
retaining means removably retaining said packing in said housing
for installation and removal axially of said housing; said wetting
means comprising at least one jet bank, and said mounting means
includes an opening in the side wall of said housing and a
removable plate covering said opening, said opening being of
sufficient size to permit installation and removal therethrough of
said jet bank; said mounting means further including a supply tube
extending radially from said jet bank with its outer end projecting
through said plate for connection with a supply of liquid purging
agent; said mounting means further including a retaining tube
projecting radially from each jet bank, and a retaining pin
extending radially inwardly from the housing wall and received in
said retaining tube.
23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 22 wherein said jet bank
comprises: a central distributor body, and jet spider means mounted
on said distributor body.
24. Wet scrubbing apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet
and an outlet permitting gas flow through said housing; wetting
means in said housing between said inlet and outlet for wetting gas
flowing through said housing with a liquid purging agent; at least
one liquid discharge opening in said housing for conducting liquid
purging agent supplied by said wetting means from said housing; and
mounting means removably mounting said wetting means in said
housing permitting installation and removal of said wetting means
transversely of the longitudinal axis of said housing; at least one
packing in said housing between said inlet and said outlet; packing
retaining means removably retaining said packing in said housing
for installation and removal axially of said housing; said packing
retaining means comprises a fixed retaining ring secured to the
inner wall of said housing for engagement by one side of said
packing near the periphery thereof, and a removable retaining ring
axially installable and removable in said housing for engagement by
the other side of said packing near the periphery thereof; said
packing retaining means further comprising a plurality of spacer
rods each having one end secured to said removable retaining ring
and extending axially therefrom, and a second removable retaining
ring secured to the other ends of said spacer rods; means providing
an abutment for said second removable retaining ring.
25. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein said last named means
includes a second packing supported in said housing.
26. Wet scrubbing apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet
and an outlet permitting gas flow through said housing; wetting
means in said housing between said inlet and outlet for wetting gas
flowing through said housing with a liquid purging agent; at least
one liquid discharge opening in said housing for conducting liquid
purging agent supplied by said wetting means from said housing; and
mounting means removably mounting said wetting means in said
housing permitting installation and removal of said wetting means
transversely of the longitudinal axis if said housing; at least one
packing in said housing between said inlet and said outlet; packing
retaining means removably retaining said packing in said housing
for installation and removal axially of said housing; said packing
retaining means comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced
retaining pin assemblies each including a retaining pin projecting
radially inwardly from the side wall of said housing for engagement
by the periphery of said packing, said retaining pin assembly each
includes a socket member mounted on the outer wall of the housing,
and a co-axial retaining pin opening formed in the wall of said
housing for receiving a respective retaining pin.
27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 26 wherein said retaining pin
assembly further includes a plug threadedly mounted in said socket
member, said plug having an internally threaded opening, the
respective retaining pin being threadedly received therein.
28. Apparatus as claimed in claim 27 including one group of said
retaining pin assemblies located on one side of said packing, a
retaining ring engaging the other side of said packing at the
periphery thereof, and a second group of said retaining pin
assemblies engaging the side of said retaining ring opposite said
packing.
29. Wet scrubbing apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet
and an outlet permitting gas flow through said housing; a plurality
of jet banks mounted in said housing between said inlet and outlet
and spaced from each other along the longitudinal axis of said
housing for spraying liquid purging agent into said housing; each
of said jet banks including a central distributor body located in
said housing coaxial with the longitudinal axis of said housing and
a pair of jet spiders mounted on said central distributor body in
axially spaced relationship with respect to each other, each of
said spiders including a plurality of jet tubes projecting radially
from said central distributor body with a jet nozzle on the outer
ends of each of said jet tubes for spraying liquid purging agent in
a generally longitudinal direction with respect to said housing,
the jet tubes of one of said spiders being of greater than the jet
tubes of said other spider; a plurality of packings in said
housing, each of said packings being located between an adjacent
pair of said jet banks; at least one liquid discharge opening in
said housing for conducting liquid purging agent from said housing;
mounting means for mounting said jet banks in said housing for
installation and removal in a direction transverse to the
longitudinal axis of said housing; and packing retaining means for
supporting said packings in said housing for installation and
removal in the direction of the longitudinal axis of said
housing.
30. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24 wherein the jet bank located
nearest said inlet is disposed between said inlet and the packing
located nearest said inlet, and is disposed to spray liquid purging
agent in the direction of said outlet and hence toward the packing
located nearest said inlet, and wherein the other jet banks are
disposed to spray liquid purging agent in the direction of said
inlet.
31. Apparatus as claimed in claim 29 including a droplet separator
located downstream of the jet bank nearest said outlet.
32. Apparatus as claimed in claim 31 including a reducer secured to
said outlet.
33. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 wherein said reducer is
located downstream of said droplet separator.
34. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 wherein said droplet separator
is located downstream of said reducer.
35. Apparatus as claimed in claim 33 wherein said housing is
disposed vertically with said reducer mounted on the upper end
thereof.
36. Apparatus as claimed in claim 35 including a semi-spherical
bottom secured to the lower end of said housing and defining a sump
for liquid purging agent, and a drain tube mounted in the lowermost
point of said semi-spherical bottom.
Description
This invention relates generally to air or gas purifying systems,
and is particularly concerned with the construction of wet
scrubbers for use in such systems.
Wet scrubbers are used to remove contaminants from air, or other
gases, by treating the gas with water or other liquid purging
agents. The impurities are collected in the liquid purging agent
and carried from the scrubber through a liquid discharge outlet,
while the cleaned air or gas exits through a separate gas
outlet.
In one type of wet scrubber, the gas flows through one or more
packings, and contaminants or impurities are removed at the
packings and carried away by the liquid purging agent. The cleaned
gas exits from the scrubber downstream of the packings.
An object of this invention is to provide a wet scrubber
constructed and arranged to provide a thorough wetting of the
incoming, contaminant laden gas into the scrubber.
Another object is to provide a wet scrubber having one or more
packings and a plurality of jet banks for spraying a liquid purging
agent into the gas flowing through the scrubber wherein the various
components can be installed and removed with ease as necessary for
repair and replacement.
A further object is to provide a web scrubber having a plurality of
jet banks for spraying liquid purging agent into the gas flowing
through the scrubber with one or more packings arranged in series
with the jet banks wherein each of the components can be installed
and removed with relative ease for replacement and repair as
necessary, and wherein the components can be easily inspected
externally of the scrubber to determine if they are operating
properly.
In carrying out the foregoing, and other objects, a wet scrubber
according to the present invention may include a cylindrical
housing having an inlet and an outlet permitting gas flow through
the housing. Wetting means is provided in the housing for wetting
the gas flowing through the housing with a liquid purging agent,
and one or more liquid discharge openings are provided in the
housing for conducting the liquid purging agent supplied by the
wetting means from the housing.
The wetting means is in the form of a plurality of jet banks spaced
from each other along the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the
jet banks are mounted on the housing in such a manner that they can
be installed and removed transversely of the longitudinal axis of
the housing. A plurality of packings are positioned in the housing
and are spaced from each other along the length thereof. Each
packing is located between an adjacent pair of the jet banks, and
is removably retained in the housing in such a manner that it can
be removed and installed in a longitudinal direction with respect
to the housing when some of the jet banks are removed.
In the preferred embodiment, the first jet bank adjacent to the
inlet of the housing is arranged to spray the liquid purging agent
in the direction of the gas flow, while the other jet banks,
downstream of the first jet bank, are each arranged to spray the
liquid purging agent in a direction opposite to the direction of
gas flow.
In one embodiment of the invention, the packings are maintained in
position by removable retaining rings located within the housing,
and in another embodiment, the packings are held in position by
removable retaining pins extending through the wall of the
housing.
The scrubber may be connected in a system having a reducer
connected with the outlet, and a droplet separator connected with
the reducer for removing the residues of entrained liquid purging
agent after the gas has passed through the reducer. The liquid
purging agent can be recirculated through a container by a pump to
maintain a steady supply of the liquid purging agent for the jet
banks.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become
apparent from the following description taken in connection with
the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an air purification system
including a wet scrubber according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the wet
scrubber of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a slightly enlarged sectional view along lines III--III
of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional detailed view along lines IV--IV of
FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view, partially in section, of a
second form of wet scrubber according to the present invention;
and
FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail of a modified construction, this
construction being of that portion of the scrubber encompassed by
circle VI in FIG. 2.
FIG. 1 illustrates an air purification system including a wet
scrubber designated collectively by reference numeral 1 and having
an inlet 7. Contaminant-laden air or other gas flows into the
scrubber 1 at inlet 7. The gas flows from the scrubber 1 through a
reducer 2 connected at the discharge end of the scrubber, a droplet
separator 3 connected with the reducer 2 on the downstream side
thereof, a tube or conduit 4 extending from the droplet separator 3
to a radial fan 5, and is discharged through the outlet 8 through
the tube or conduit 6 connected with the fan 5.
The system shown in FIG. 1 also includes a container 9 for liquid
purging agent, and a recirculation pump 10 for removing the liquid
purging agent from the container 9 and discharging the liquid
purging agent through a supply line 11 to wetting means supported
in the wet scrubber by mounting plates 12, 13 and 14. As the gas
moves through the scrubber, it is intermixed with the liquid
purging agent from spray devices of the wetting means, and the
liquid purging agent removes impurities from the gas and returns to
the container 9 through a sump 15 connected with the container 9
through a connecting flange 16.
The cleaned gas passes through the reducer 2 into the droplet
separator 3, wherein residues of the liquid purging agent entrained
in the stream of gas are separated from the gas. The liquid removed
by the droplet separator 3 is collected in a sump 18 and flows
through a return line 19 connected thereto by a connecting flange
17 into the purging agent container 9. The cleaned gas then passes
from the droplet separator 3 via the connecting tube 4 into the
radial fan 5 and is discharged through the outlet 8 of the tube
6.
The construction of the wet scrubber is illustrated in detail in
FIGS. 2 through 4.
FIGS. 2 through 4 illustrate wet scrubbing apparatus comprising a
housing 42 having an inlet and an outlet permitting gas flow
through the housing. The housing 42 is cylindrical, and the inelt 7
of the housing is defined by an inlet flange 20, and the outlet of
the housing is defined by an outlet flange 33.
Wetting means is provided in the housing 42 for wetting the gas
flowing through the housing with a liquid purging agent. The
wetting means is in the form of three jet banks, each of which is
indicated collectively by reference numerals 21, 22 and 23 in FIG.
2. The jet banks 21, 22 and 23 are each operable to spray liquid
purging agent supplied thereto in a generally axial direction with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing. As shown in FIG.
2, the first jet bank 21 sprays the liquid in the direction of the
gas flow from the inlet 7 to the outlet defined by flange 33, while
the two jet banks 22 and 23 each spray the liquid purging agent in
a direction opposite to the gas flow, or in a direction toward the
inlet 7. The liquid purging agent sprayed from the jet banks 21, 22
and 23 is conducted from the housing through liquid discharge
openings 35, 36, 37 and 38 formed in the side wall of the housing.
Mounting means to be described in detail herein-below removably
mount the wetting means, or jet banks 21, 22 and 23, in the housing
42 in such a manner as to permit installation and removal of the
jet banks transversely of the longitudinal axis of the housing.
The housing 42 is divided into three compartments by two packings
24 and 25 which are spaced axially from each other along the
longitudinal axis of the housing 42. The packings 24 and 25 permit
the passage of the gas flow without forming a significantly high
resistance to the gas flow. However, as the gas flow with the
liquid purging agent entrained therein flows through the packings
24 and 25, the liquid purging agent is collected by the packings
and falls therefrom into the sump 15 through one of the openings
35, 36, 37 and 38. The specific construction of the packings 24 and
25 form no part of the present invention, any conventional form of
such packings being suitable for use in the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the sump 15 does not extend over the entire
length of the housing 42 of the wet scrubber 1, the length being
only that necessary to encompass the liquid discharge openings 35,
36, 37 and 38 in the wall of the housing. The sump 15 may be of
substantially V-shaped cross-section as shown in FIG. 4. The sump
15 is mounted on the outer side wall of the housing and
communicates with the liquid discharge openings 35, 36, 37 and 38.
As shown in FIG. 2, a liquid discharge opening is located on each
side of each of the packings. Mounted in the sump 15 is a drain
tube 41 having an attachment flange 16 located externally of the
sump 15. The upper end of the drain tube 41 is elevated above the
bottom of the sump to provide a minimum liquid level in the sump,
that is, the sump is always filled with the liquid purging agent to
the height of the drain tube 41, the level indicated in phantom
lines in FIG. 2.
Extending beneath each of the two packings 24 and 25 into the sump
15 are two separating walls 39 and 40. The walls 39 and 40 extend
from the housing 42 into the sump 15 below the liquid level
determined by the upper end of the drain tube 41. Since the
separating walls 39 and 40 have their lower ends immersed in the
liquid, the gas cannot bypass the packings 24 and 25 as it flows
from the inlet of the housing 42 to the outlet thereof. Thus, the
gas cannot flow from opening 35 through the sump to opening 36, or
from the opening 37 through the sump to the opening 38. The amount
of overlap of the top edge of the drain tube 41 with the bottom
edges of the separating walls 39 and 40 can be varied depending on
the pressure differential to be expected on both sides of each
packing to insure that the gas cannot bypass the packings.
The packings 24 and 25 are supported in the housing by packing
retaining means which removably retain the packings in the housing
42 for installation and removal along the longitudinal axis of the
housing from the right-hand end of the housing 42 as viewed in FIG.
2, that is, the end adjacent flange 33.
The packing retaining means includes a fixed retaining ring 26
secured to the inner wall of the housing 42 by welding or other
conventional means. The fixed retaining ring 26 is located
generally in the first third of the housing between the openings 35
and 36. The fixed retaining ring 26 is engaged by one side of
packing 24 near the periphery of the packing 24. The fixed
retaining ring 26 extends in a radial direction only to the extent
necessary to provide a reliable abutment for the packing 24 without
significantly obstructing the gas flow through the packing 24.
The packing retaining means further includes a removable retaining
ring 27 which is axially installable and removable in the housing
for engagement by the other side of the packing 24 near the
periphery of the packing 24. The packing 25 is held in position in
the housing by removable retaining rings 28 and 29 located on each
side of the packing 25. The removable retaining rings 27, 28 and 29
have substantially the same dimensions as the fixed retaining ring
26. A removable retaining ring 32 is located adjacent the outlet
end of the housing and abuts the flange 34 of the reducer 2.
The packing retaining means further comprises a plurality of spacer
rods 30, each having one end secured to the retaining ring 27 and
its other end secured to the retaining ring 28. Similarly, the
packing retaining means includes a plurality of spacer rods 31
extending between the removable retaining rings 29 and 32. The
respective ends of the spacer rods 30 are firmly secured to the
retaining rings 27 and 28, and similarly, the respective ends of
the spacer rods 31 are firmly secured to the retaining rings 29 and
32. Consequently, the spacer rods 30 and retaining rings 27 and 28
are joined together into a unitary assembly, and the spacer rods 31
and retaining rings 29 and 32 are similarly joined to define a
unitary assembly.
The two packings 24 and 25 are thus axially supported and located
in the housing 42 between the stationary retaining ring 26 and the
flange 34 of the reducer 2 by the assemblies of the spacer rods and
removable retaining rings. When the reducer 2 is detached from the
outlet end of the housing, and when the jet banks 22 and 23 are
removed from the housing in the manner set forth below, the
removable retaining rings 27, 28, 29 and 32 as well as the packings
24 and 25 can be withdrawn axially through the right-hand end of
the housing as viewed in FIG. 2.
The constructions of the jet banks 21, 22 and 23 are identical in
the illustrated embodiment, and consequently, only the jet bank 21
will be described in detail. With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the
jet bank 21 comprises a central distributor body defined by an
inner tubular member 50 open axially at both ends, and a larger
tubular member 49 concentrically encompassing the tubular member
50. The tube member 49 is closed at both ends and is shorter than
the inner tubular member 50 as shown in FIG. 2.
The jet bank 21 further includes jet spider means mounted on the
distributor body 49, 50. The jet spider means includes a large
spider and a small spider, the spiders being spaced axially from
each other. Each of the spiders includes a plurality of jet tubes
projecting radially from the distributor body 49, 50. The large
spider has a plurality of individual jet tubes 51 each having a
spray nozzle 52 on the outer end thereof, and the small spider has
a plurality of short jet tubes 57, each of which is equipped with
jets or spray nozzles 58. The tubes 51 and 57 radiate from the
center of the tubular members 49 and 50. The construction of the
jet bank 21 is illustrated clearly in FIG. 3, wherein, for the sake
of simplicity, the section line III--III of FIG. 2 is taken in such
a way that only the large diameter jet spider is shown.
As pointed out previously, mounting means is provided for removably
mounting the jet banks in the housing in such a way that the jet
banks can be installed and removed transversely of the longitudinal
axis of the housing. As shown in FIG. 3, the mounting means for the
jet bank 21 includes an opening in the side wall of the housing and
a removable plate 12 covering the opening. The opening covered by
the plate 12 is of sufficient size to permit installation and
removal therethrough of the jet bank 21. An outwardly projecting
collar 43 surrounds the opening, collar 43 having a closure flange
44 on its outer end. A suitable seal is disposed between the plate
12 and flange 44. The plate 12 is secured to the flange 44 by bolts
64.
The mounting means further includes a supply tube 45 extending
radially outwardly from the jet bank 21 with its outer end
projecting through the plate 12 for connection with a supply of
liquid purging agent. The supply tube 45 extends through the large
rectangular opening in the wall of the housing 42 which is
surrounded by the collar 43.
The mounting means further includes gusset means extending between
the supply tube 45 and plate 12. The gusset means includes a pair
of inner gussets 46 extending between the supply tube 45 and the
inner surface of the plate 12, and a pair of outer gussets 47
extending between the supply tube 45 and the outer side of plate
12. The reinforcement ribs or gussets 46 located inside the collar
43 are larger than the reinforcement ribs or gussets 47 on the
outside of the collar 43 and the plate 12. At its outer end, the
supply tube 45 carries a connecting flange 48 to which a supply
line for the liquid purging agent may be connected.
In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 42, sump 15, collars 43,
supply tubes 45, distributors 49, 50, and the jet tubes 51 and 57
may all be made of plastic, preferably polyvinyl chloride. The
flange plates 12, 13 and 14 are preferably composed of a
transparent plastic and are either welded or adhesively bonded to
the supply tubes 45 and to the reinforcement ribs or gussets 46 and
47. The size of the openings and the respective collars 43 are
sufficient to permit the associated jet banks 21, 22 or 23 to be
respectively withdrawn transversely from the housing 42 after
releasing the bolts 64. When the bolts 64 are released, the
respective flange plate 12, supply tubes 45, distributor body 49,
50 and jet tubes 51, 57 can be removed as a unit from the housing
42.
The mounting means for the jet bank 21 further includes a retaining
tube 53 extending radially from the outer shell 49 of the
distributor body at a point diametrically opposite to the supply
tube 45. A retaining pin 54 is received in the retaining tube 53.
The retaining pin 54 extends radially inwardly from the wall of the
housing 42 and is formed with male threads at the outer end which
are engaged with the female threads of a retaining cap 55. Thus,
the retaining cap 55 overlies a retaining pin opening in the wall
of the housing 42, and the retaining pin 54 projects through the
retaining pin in threaded engagement with the retaining cap 55.
When the jet bank 21 is removed from the housing 42 by withdrawing
it through the collar 43, the retaining pin 54 can be unscrewed
from the cap 55 and removed.
As pointed out previously, the jet tubes 51 extend radially from
the distributor body 49, 50 and each of the tubes 51 is provided
with jet nozzles 52 of a conventional construction at the free
ends. The jet nozzles 52 are arranged at the ends of the respective
tubes 51 in such a manner that the cleaning liquid is sprayed
axially and outwardly of the nozzles with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the housing. The jet nozzles 52 and 58 of the
jet bank 21 are disposed to spray the liquid in the direction of
the gas flow as shown in FIG. 2, while the corresponding nozzles of
the jet banks 22 and 23 are arranged to spray the liquid in a
direction opposite to the direction of the gas flow, or toward the
inlet 7.
In order to facilitate inspection of the jet banks in operation, an
inspection socket, or sight socket 56 is provided in the housing 42
at the location of each of the jet banks 21, 22 and 23. Each
inspection socket is closed by a transparent cover plate 61 by
means of bolts 62. To facilitate inspection, a lamp holder 63 may
be provided on each of the inspection sockets for carrying a
lamp.
FIG. 5 illustrates a modified arrangement wherein the wet scrubber
is disposed vertically. Parts of the scrubber of FIG. 5
corresponding to parts of the scrubber of FIG. 2 are indicated by
the same reference numerals with the letter "a" appended
thereto.
The wet scrubber 1a of FIG. 5 comprises a cylindrical housing 42a
having an inlet 7a and an outlet defined at flange 33a at the upper
end of the housing. The housing 42a is formed with a semi-spherical
bottom 15a serving as a sump. Mounted in the bottom 15a is a short
drain tube having a connecting flange 16a, the drain tube and
flange 16a extending along the axis of the housing 42a and being
located at the lowermost point of the semi-spherical bottom
15a.
The inlet for receiving the gas flow into the housing is defined by
an inlet tube mounted in the side wall of the housing 42a near to
the bottom 15a, the inlet tube having a flange 20a. The gas mixture
to be purified enters the housing 42a in the direction of arrow 7a
through the inlet tube.
The upper end of the housing 42a is closed by a cover 2a which at
the same time serves as a reducer and terminates in a connecting
flange 33a which defines the outlet for the cleaned gas.
As in the previously described embodiment, wetting means in the
form of three jet banks 21a, 22a and 23a are disposed in
alternating relationship with packings 24a and 25a. A droplet
separator 59 of conventional construction is located above the
uppermost jet bank 23a. The droplet separator 59 of FIG. 5 replaces
the droplet separator indicated by reference numeral 3 downstream
of the housing 42 in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
In the FIG. 5 embodiment, the jet banks are connected by means of
their respective supply tubes to flange plates 12a, 13a and 14a in
a similar manner to the corresponding flange plates 12, 13 and 14
in the FIG. 1 and 2 construction. The jet banks 21a, 22a and 23a
can thus be withdrawn from the housing in a transverse direction
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing 42a. The
flange plates 12a, 13a and 14a are preferably transparent as in the
previously described embodiment. The embodiment of FIG. 5 also
includes inspection or sight sockets 56a for each of the jet banks
for inspecting the jet bank. As in the previously described
embodiment, an inspection lamp can be mounted on the cover plate
for each of the inspection sockets.
The packing 24a is supported on stationary abutment means 60 by
means of a removable retaining ring 26a. Supported above the
packing 24a is a removable retaining ring 27a connected by spacer
rods 30a to a retaining ring 28a. The second packing 25a is
supported on the retaining ring 28a, and a retaining ring 29a is
supported on the upper side of the packing 25a. Spacer rods 31a
secured to the packing 29a support at their upper ends a retaining
ring 32a on which the droplet separator 59 is supported. Since the
housing 42a is disposed vertically, a retaining ring above the
droplet separator 59 is not required.
Thus, as in the previously described embodiment, FIG. 5 illustrates
a wet scrubbing apparatus including a housing 42a having an inlet
at 20a and an outlet at 33a permitting gas flow through the housing
42a; wetting means 21a, 22a and 23a in the housing 42a for wetting
gas flowing through the housing with a liquid purging agent; a
liquid discharge opening at 16a in the housing 42a for conducting
liquid purging agent supplied by the wetting means from the
housing; and mounting means removably mounting the wetting means
21a, 22a and 23a in the housing permitting installation and removal
of the wetting means transversely of the longitudinal axis of the
housing. Similarly, packings 24a and 25a are mounted in the housing
by packing retaining means 60, 26a, 27a, 30a, 28a, 29a, 31a and 32a
for removably retaining the packings 24a and 25a in the housing for
installation and removal axially of the housing.
FIG. 6 illustrates a modified packing retaining means for retaining
the packings in the wet scrubber housing, particularly the housing
42 of the FIG. 2 arrangement. In FIG. 6, corresponding parts are
identified by the same reference numerals as in the embodiment of
FIGS. 1 to 3 with the letter "b" appended thereto.
In FIG. 6, the packing retaining means comprises a plurality of
circumferentially spaced retaining pin assemblies, each of which
includes a retaining pin projecting radially inwardly from the side
wall of the housing for engagement by the periphery of one of the
packings. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of circumferentially
spaced retaining pins 69 extend radially inwardly through
complementary holes 65 in the wall of the housing 42b, and provide
an abutment for the packing 24b in an axial direction. The
retaining pins 69 are provided with threaded plugs 71 at their ends
which are positioned outside of the housing and which have a
hexagonal head 73. The threaded plugs 71 are screwed into sockets
67 which are provided with female threads. The female threads of
the sockets 67 are positioned in alignment with a hole 65, and the
socket is welded to the outside of the housing 42.
The shell 75 of the packing 24b has one end supported directly on
the retaining pins 69 and its other end supported on a retaining
ring 27b held in position by retaining pin 70 constructed
identically to the retaining pin 69. The retaining pins 70 extend
through holes 66 in the housing 42b and are connected to threaded
plugs 72 each having an hexagonal head 74. The threaded plugs 72
are screwed into sockets 68 provided with female threads which in
turn are secured to the housing 42b by welding.
Packing 25 may also be supported by two groups of retaining pins
having a construction identical to the pins 69 and 70 on the
associated plugs. The spacer rods 30 and 31 in the embodiment of
FIGS. 1 through 3 are thus not required as the retaining pins serve
to axially locate the removable retaining rings in position along
the length of the housing. The retaining ring 32 of the embodiment
of FIGS. 1 through 3 is also not required when the retaining pin
assembly of FIG. 6 is utilized.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in
the accompanying drawings and described in the foregoing
specification, it should be understood that the invention is not
limited to the exact construction shown. Alterations in the
construction and arrangement of parts, all falling within the scope
and spirit of the invention, will be apparent to those skilled in
the art.
* * * * *