U.S. patent number 3,794,401 [Application Number 05/190,915] was granted by the patent office on 1974-02-26 for door guide.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Barry Wright Corporation. Invention is credited to Carl J. Dean, David M. Wright.
United States Patent |
3,794,401 |
Dean , et al. |
February 26, 1974 |
DOOR GUIDE
Abstract
A simplified and dependable construction for the support and
guidance of retracting doors and other closures of the type that
are patricularly useful in business type file cabinets. A preferred
construction employs a shaft attached to the door and is provided
with gears at its opposite ends which serve as the hinge of the
door. The gears are confined within a pair of door guides that
contain linearly arranged gear teeth or a gear rack or projections
within a guide track which is open on one side. The gear rack teeth
mesh with the gears on the door and confine the path of travel of
the door along the path of the guides. The outer walls of the guide
track prevent derailing of the shaft and confine the movement of
the door to rectilinear translation along the trackways without
undesired twisting movement. The multiple gear-rack arrangement
ensures a timed uniform rectilinear movement of the door. The front
and rear ends of the guides are closed to prevent removal of the
door and to provide door stop locations.
Inventors: |
Dean; Carl J. (Southbridge,
MA), Wright; David M. (Shrewsbury, MA) |
Assignee: |
Barry Wright Corporation
(Watertown, MA)
|
Family
ID: |
22703318 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/190,915 |
Filed: |
October 20, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
312/323; 49/197;
312/331; 312/110 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47B
46/005 (20130101); E06B 3/5045 (20130101); E05D
15/582 (20130101); E05Y 2900/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47B
46/00 (20060101); E06B 3/32 (20060101); E06B
3/50 (20060101); E05D 15/00 (20060101); E05D
15/58 (20060101); A47p 088/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;49/197,386,465
;312/323,322,331,110 ;160/206 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Taylor; Dennis L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Gilbert; Milton E.
Claims
What we claim is:
1. An improved enclosure body-closure combination comprising, in
combination:
means forming a polygonal cabinet having a forward opening and top
wall and side walls and a movable closure concealable inside said
cabinet along said top wall and movable to a cabinet-closed
position obturating said forward opening and to a cabinet-open
position concealed within said cabinet along said top wall thereof
and support and guidance means for the door forming a suspension
mount therefor,
said support and guidance means comprising a pair of elongated door
guides affixed within the cabinet on opposite side walls thereof
adjacent said top wall and extending from front to back
thereon,
each of said elongated door guides comprising an elongated channel
having base, side and top walls and being open at one side with the
guides being disposed with their channels in confronting
relationship to each other,
means forming geared and smooth tracks disposed along the base wall
of each of the door guides and extending substantially the entire
length thereof terminating in semicylindrical ends,
the smooth track being disposed adjacent the open side of the
channel and the gear track being disposed adjacent the closed side
of the channel,
shaft means forming a shaft with ends disposed in each of said
confronting channels,
combined gear and smooth roller means arranged on said shaft ends
and disposed in said channels with said geared portions being
disposed outside said smooth portions and making with corresponding
sections of said guide tracks,
the guide track smooth and geared portions being integrally formed
as a pair of single units and the gear and smooth roller means
being integrally formed as single units with the smooth roller of
each pair having a greater diameter than the gear roller thereof,
and
plural bearing means engaging said shaft at spaced locations
thereon between said roller means and being mounted on said closure
at a back end thereof to serve as sole support thereof when the
front end thereof is hand held.
Description
BACKGROUND AND STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements in the guiding and support
of doors and moveable panels and is particularly useful for
application in office cabinets of the hidden door type wherein the
doors are concealable inside of the cabinet when opened and
removable from this concealed location to overlie and close the
entire front of the cabinet when closed.
There are many patents in the prior art showing the use of
concealable "pull out" doors for cabinetry where the door is stored
within a slotted opening extending from front-to-back and is
removable from its concealed slot on slides or trackways to a
position overlying and closing the front of the cabinet.
The early patent of Duffy U.S. Pat. No. 1,077,686 shows one such
construction wherein the pull-out door has a pair of geared tracks
attached on its underside that mesh with rotatable gear wheels
rotatably supported inside of the cabinet.
The Mooney U.S. Pat. No. 1,045,729 shows a safe using a similar
construction but wherein the rotatable gear wheels are carried by
the door and the gear tracks are supported inside of the
cabinet.
Briefly, according to the present invention there is provided a
considerably more simplified and inexpensive pull-out door support
construction that operates in a similar manner yet is vastly
improved over these devices of the prior art. In a preferred
embodiment, the entire construction includes only a pair of
trackway guides that may be made of molded plastic and are
supported inside the cabinet; and a single rotatable shaft having a
pair of gears which may be plastic spur gears supported on the
slidable and pivotable door. The gears are confined inside of the
spaced pair of guideways in such manner that they are permitted but
one degree of translational freedom, forward and backwardly, and
the door can neither be completely removed, in a forward or
backward direction, nor can it be raised or translated sidewise or
slantwise from its desired presecribed path.
Since the combined guide and trackway are integrally constructed
units, the assembly of the door within the cabinet is also readily
performed by merely fastening the integral guideways inside the
cabinet at the proper positions while aligning the door shaft and
gears therein.
To insure a substantially unimpeded movement between the gears and
geared trackway, the preferred construction additionally employs
smooth surfaced wheels riding on a smooth ungeared portion of the
trackway to support the weight of the door from the meshing gears.
In this manner, the gears provide nonslipping guidance of the door
along a substantially true rectilinear pathway, to prevent
slantwise jamming of the door, yet provide minimized resistance to
such rectilinear movement along the prescribed path.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a conventional office
file cabinet incorporating the pull-out door construction of the
present invention,
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along lines 2--2 of FIG.
1,
FIG. 3 shows an enlarged sectional view taken along line 3--3 of
FIG. 4, and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the construction of
the trackway and meshing of a door gear therewith.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the office file cabinet 10 may be of
conventional construction having a series of pullout drawers 23, or
shelves (not shown), that are accessible from the front of the
cabinet. A concealable pullout door or closure 11 is provided that
is stored within an upper or lower or side located slotted opening
12 provided about the cabinet opening and formed from front-to-back
in the cabinet 10. The door 11 is slidable outwardly from the slot
12, on a pair of geared trackways 13, and is then pivotable
downardly, upwardly or sideways over the opening in the cabinet 10
to overlie and close the cabinet opening. If desired a lock 25 may
be provided on the door 11 which is suitably interengageable with a
latch or recess on the cabinet (not shown).
For supporting and guiding the door or panel 11, a pair or
trackways 13 are provided inside of the cabinet and disposed in
confronting relationship at the opposite sides of cabinet 10 within
the slot 12, as best shown in FIG.
According to a preferred embodiment, the trackways 13 are
integrally molded, elongated, members of suitable plastic material.
Alternatively metal or other material could be employed. As best
shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each such trackway 13 is comprised of a
base 16, side wall 15, and upper wall 14 which in cross-section
appears as a "C-shape" with an open side or cavity 15a facing the
inside of the cabinet. Obviously other cross sectional shapes could
be employed and the base 16 could be angled. The base 16 is
integrally formed with a series of gear teeth or rack 16a
projecting upward from the inside of the base within the cavity
15a. The gear teeth 16a have a width that is narrower than the
width of the trackway so that a smooth portion or smooth track 17
is provided on the base wall alongside of the gear teeth 16a and
arranged inwardly towards the center of cabinet, as best shown in
FIG. 4.
For interengauging with the trackways 13, the underside of the door
or panel 11 is provided with a transversely disposed elongated
shaft 18, located near its rear edge or end portion as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 4. Shaft 18 is rotatably supported on the door 11 by a
pair of bearings 22, (only one being shown) that are positioned
near the sides of the door and suitably fastened to the door 11 by
screws or other appropriate fasteners, as shown. The bearings could
also be formed within the door or by the door itself in the case of
molded or cast doors.
At each opposite end of shaft 18 there is provided a combined spur
gear 20 and wheel 19. The gear 20 and wheel 19 may be integrally
molded of plastic in a concentric side-by-side relationship as
shown, and the combined unit is preferably press fitted, molded or
pinned onto the rotatable shaft 18 that is preferably made of
suitable metal, plastic, wood or other material. In the case of an
angled rack 16a miter or bevel gears could be used.
As variously shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the spur gear 20 is in
mesh with the rack 16a on the trackway 13, and the wheel 19
positioned alongside of the gear 20 and having a greater diameter
than the gear 20, rides on the smooth track portion 17 inside of
the trackway member 13.
The purpose of providing the smooth surface wheel 19 is to remove
the weight of the door from the meshing gears and accordingly
minimize friction in the meshing gears so that the pull-out door 11
can be easily opened or closed. The meshing gearing on the other
hand serves as a timing means to require uniform movement and
insures that the door 11 is openable and closable without twisting
or jamming, since neither side can slip or travel a different
distance than the other side of the door.
It will be observed from FIG. 4, that each combined spur gear 20
and wheel 19 is completely confined within its associated cavity
15a of the trackway 13, since each end of the trackway 13 is also
closed by end portions 26, 27 as shown. These end portions are
semi-cylindrical in configuration to provide a stop at each end to
prevent the door 11 from being removed, or from exiting, from the
trackways. As will be recalled, a pair of such trackways 13 are
provided on opposite ends of the shaft 18 so that once installed,
the members can not be derailed or disengaged without removing one
of the trackways. Accordingly, by this construction, the door or
panel 11 is securely retained and slidably mounted within the
cabinet in such manner that it cannot be derailed or jammed within
the slotted opening 12 of the cabinet.
For assembling the door 11 within the cabinet, one of the trackways
13 is first fastened, as by a series of screws 21, to the inside
wall of the cabinet at one end of the slotted opening 12. The door
is inserted with its end gear 20 and wheel 19 positioned therein
and with the other trackway 13 assembled onto the opposite gear and
wheel 19 at the other end of the shaft 18. This opposing trackway
13 is then suitably fastened to the opposite inside wall of the
cabinet at the other side of the slot 12 and in proper alignment
with the first trackway 13.
In the preferred construction there are provided only three parts
or subassemblies; the two trackways 13, and the shaft 18 with its
associated gears 20 attached thereto, and supported on the panel or
door 11 by a pair of bearing supports 22. This simplified and
inexpensive construction can be easily assembled by semiskilled or
unskilled workers.
Although this preferred mechanism has been illustrated in
combination with a three drawer file cabinet having an overhead
concealable door, it is considered evident to those skilled in the
art that it may be employed in many other types of furniture and
building constructions. Accordingly this invention should be
considered as being limited only by the following claims:
* * * * *