U.S. patent number 3,793,560 [Application Number 05/370,664] was granted by the patent office on 1974-02-19 for resistive thermal protective device for inductances.
Invention is credited to James R. Schultheis.
United States Patent |
3,793,560 |
Schultheis |
February 19, 1974 |
RESISTIVE THERMAL PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR INDUCTANCES
Abstract
A resistance device for connection in a power lead of an
inductance such as electromagnets, choke coils and transformers.
The device is intended to be positioned in close proximity to the
inductance and consists of a resistor of predetermined value
connected in series with a short eutectic wire having a
predetermined melting point positioned in intimate contact with the
resistor and terminating in one conductor running to the source of
electric energy. When the inductance is overloaded the temperature
of the resistor will rise to a predetermined degree and melt the
eutectic wire and open the circuit to the inductance.
Inventors: |
Schultheis; James R. (Miami,
FL) |
Family
ID: |
23460629 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/370,664 |
Filed: |
June 18, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
361/104;
361/35 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
85/0241 (20130101); H02H 5/047 (20130101); H01H
2085/0008 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
85/00 (20060101); H01H 85/02 (20060101); H02H
5/04 (20060101); H02H 5/00 (20060101); H02h
005/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;317/14R,4A,DIG.6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Trammell; James D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Andres; Lloyd J.
Claims
Having described my invention, I claim:
1. A device for preventing damage or burn-out of an electric
inductance means comprising a resistor of predetermined ohmic
resistance and wattage having terminals at opposite ends
thereof,
a first conductor connecting one terminal of said resistor
connected to one terminal of said inductance means and the opposite
end of said inductance means for connection to one side of a source
of electric energy,
a eutectic wire of predetermined diameter and melting point with
one end thereof connected to the remaining terminal of said
resistor with the opposite end thereof connected to a second
conductor for connection to the second side of said source of
electric energy,
a heat resistant insulating sleeve positioned over said connection
of said eutectic wire and said second conductor for insulating same
from a said resistor terminal,
the entire resistor and eutectic wire and terminals and the heat
resistant sleeve encased with a dielectric plastic material of
substantially uniform thickness and positioned in contact with said
inductance means whereby when said inductance is connected to a
source of energy and a current above normal predetermined value is
conducted through said inductance means the temperature of said
resistor will raise to a predetermined degree sufficient to melt
said eutectic wire and open the inductance circuit and prevent
overload damage to said inductance.
2. The construction recited in claim 1 whereby said resistor is of
the carbon film type having calibrated resistance.
3. The construction recited in claim 1 wherein the eutectic wire is
an alloy of predetermined percentage of lead and tin and having a
uniform predetermined diameter.
4. The construction recited in claim 1 wherein said insulating
sleeve is made of woven fiberglass tubing of predetermined diameter
and length.
5. The construction recited in claim 1 wherein said insulating
sleeve is made of heat resistant ceramic tubing of predetermined
diameter and length.
6. The construction recited in claim 1 whereby the assembly of the
said resistor and the eutectic wire and the heat resistant
insulation sleeve are covered with a length of P.V.C. heat
shrinkable tubing of predetermined diameter and length and shrunk
to close fit over all the elements of the device when predetermined
heat is applied to the tubing.
Description
Most inductive devices, such as small transformers, are protected
by fuses or other circuit breaker means which are also in circuit
with other elements and thus it is possible that a particular
inductance or transformer not properly self protected against
overloads may be damaged due to overloads protected by a common
fuse or circuit breaker that did not respond to the overload.
The present invention involves a protective device applied to and
in contact proximity with a particular inductance consisting of a
resistor and a eutectic wire connected in series with one power
lead of the inductance. When the resistor is subject to overload,
the heat transfer to the eutectic wire is rapid and will melt and
thus open the circuit and prevent damage to the inductance, the
construction of which is the principal object of the invention.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a carbon film
type tubular resistor of predetermined value having a eutectic wire
wound thereon with the resistor and the eutectic wire connected in
series with a power supply conductor connected to the
inductance.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a protective
unit for a small transformer, which when overloaded or short
circuited because of the increased current therein will heat the
resistor in a short period of time and melt the eutectic wire and
protect not only the transformer but other elements responsive
thereto.
A further object of the invention resides in the convenient
placement of the device on the inductance for replacement of the
eutectic element or the entire device when blown.
These and other objects and advantages in one embodiment of the
invention are described and shown in the following specification
and drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation in enlarged scale of the thermal
resistance unit with a portion thereof broken away.
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional end elevation taken through section
line 2--2, FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the unit shown in FIG. 1 prior to
the dielectric covering.
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the unit shown in FIG. 1
connected in the primary circuit of a typical transformer.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the latter shows a typical tubular
carbon film resistor element 1 retained by and between like caps 2
and 2a with each of said caps having a like coaxial conductor 3a
and 6 coaxially projecting therefrom respectively.
A eutectic wire 5 of predetermined diameter and length, such as
well known solder having an alloy of 60% tin and 40% lead, is wound
in one turn around the body of the resistor element 1. One terminal
of the primary winding 9 of the transformer 8 is connected by
conductor 3 and is for connection to a source of electric energy
L.sub.1. The remaining terminal of the primary winding 9 is
connected to one terminal of the resistor element 1 and the
remaining terminal fo the resistor element 1 is connected to one
terminal of the eutectic wire 5 and the remaining terminal of the
eutectic wire is connected to conductor 6 for connection to the
remaining source of power L.sub.2.
The secondary winding 10 of transformer 8 is connected to a load
X.sub.2 and X.sub.3.
The particular arrangement of elements shown provides a compact
device with the one turn end of the eutectic wire joined to
conductor 6, covered with a heat resistant cloth tube 4 preferably
made from fiberglass. It is apparent that the fiberglass tube may
be replaced by a ceramic tube with equivalent results.
The entire assembly, as shown in FIG. 1, is covered with a heat
shrinkable P.V.C. tubing 7 or equivalent insulation, as shown in
FIG. 1. It is apparent that the entire body of the device may also
be insulated by immersion in well known self curing liquid
insulation material.
In operation and under the assumption that the assembly shown in
FIG. 1 is positioned in contact with or removable relation to the
transformer assembly 8, the normal load imposed by the secondary
X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 will raise the temperature of the transformer a
normal degree. However, any partial or complete short circuit of
the transformer or in the output circuit thereof will raise the
temperature of the eutectic wire 5 to its predetermined melting
point. This occurs as a result of the higher current through
resistor element 1 and a corresponding temperature rise thereto to
a predetermined melting point of the eutectic wire, which melting
will open the electric power circuit and protect the transfer from
damage or burn-out.
It is obvious that other mechanical forms of resistors with a
eutectic wire in contact thereof will serve the same purpose and
not to exclude a miniature type threaded device which may be
replaced without the use of tools.
It is to be noted that those skilled in this art are competent to
provide proper resistance for the resistor element 1, as well as
the physical characteristics of the eutectic wire in relation to
the inductance with which it is used, since an overload current in
a wide range of inductances will also vary and require matching
characteristics with the resistance and the eutectic wire.
It is to be understood that certain modifications in construction
are intended to come within the teachings and scope of the above
specification .
* * * * *