U.S. patent number 3,792,391 [Application Number 05/316,079] was granted by the patent office on 1974-02-12 for electrically operated two position electromechanical mechanism.
Invention is credited to Lionel Lee Ewing.
United States Patent |
3,792,391 |
Ewing |
February 12, 1974 |
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED TWO POSITION ELECTROMECHANICAL MECHANISM
Abstract
An electrical type of lock wherein the mechanical movement is
actuated in response to a solenoid system triggered by an
electrical momentary signal. The locking bolt alternatively changes
from a locking to unlocking position or vice versa in a snap action
and is retained in its respective position. The bolt is modified by
mechanical means in association with the solenoid. The locking
arrangement and its actuation circuitry is particularly adaptable
to a system wherein the initiating voltage is transmitted via
communication lines i.e., telephone lines from a remotely located
control station.
Inventors: |
Ewing; Lionel Lee (Manfield,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
23227366 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/316,079 |
Filed: |
December 18, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
335/254; 74/126;
292/144 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
47/0002 (20130101); E05B 47/026 (20130101); E05B
47/0004 (20130101); Y10T 292/1021 (20150401); Y10T
74/1526 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
47/02 (20060101); E05b 047/02 (); H01f
007/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;292/144,201
;335/253,254 ;74/126 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An electrically operated two position electromechanical
mechanism including a solenoid having a core therein and a spring
for urging said core outwardly, the improvement comprising; a means
for applying a first electrical power pulse to said solenoid to
retract said core, and structure moveably connected to said core to
retain said core in its retracted position upon removal of said
pulse; kinetic energy storage means also connected to said
structure means, means of applying a second power pulse to said
solenoid to thereby release said kinetic energy and thereby release
said core from said retained position, and whereby said spring
tension returns said core to its outwardly position.
2. The electrically operated mechanism of claim 1 wherein said two
position electromechanical mechanism is a locking and releasing
mechanism.
3. The electrically operated mechanism of claim 1 wherein said
structure is a link having an upper and lower pin and a housing for
supporting said mechanism, said pin interconnecting said core to
said housing.
4. The electrically operated mechanism of claim 2 wherein said
housing has an elongated slot formed therein and said upper pin is
positioned in said slot.
5. The electrically operated mechanism of claim 3 wherein said slot
in said housing further includes a portion adapted to receive and
retain said pin in position.
6. The electrically operated mechanism of claim 1 wherein said
kinetic energy storage means is a bar type of spring.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE
Reference is made to my co-pending patent application Ser. No.
316,078 for "Closed Loop Communication Wire system," filed Dec. 18,
1972; and to my co-pending patent application Ser. No. 316,091 for
"Electric Strike Operable From A Remote Control Station," filed
Dec. 18, 1972.
In the first reference application a direct current voltage is
transmitted from a control station via communication lines to a
plurality of remote stations wherein it is desired to control the
movement of a mechanical device, switch, or electrical
component.
The direct current voltage is accumulated in a storage circuit and
then applied momentarily to the electrical component. The system is
particularly described in conjunction with a solenoid operated door
lock. A switch activated by the position of the door controls a
signal generator in repetition rate. The indicative signals are
returned via same telephone lines to the control station.
In the second referenced application a mechanical locking
arrangement is described operable upon the actuation of a relay.
The simplified circuitry described therewith makes that lock
particularly adaptable to most doors.
BACKGROUND
Prior art door locks of the solenoid and the electric strike type
achieve the lock or unlock position by either energizing or
de-energizing a coil or solenoid. A few utilize two coils or
solenoids -- one to unlock, the other to lock. In the case of
energize, de-energize, the coil or solenoid must be designed for
continuous duty. This generally means the use of more copper,
better insulation and provision for heat dissipation. The use of
two coils or solenoids duplicates that expense and that of wiring
and control circuits. None of the prior art solenoid type locks are
suitable for use without local power and most are not sufficiently
rugged or secure that they cannot be tampered or moved by hand.
None result in the lock shifting from the lock to unlock position
and vice versa with momentary energization of a single coil or
solenoid -- an important requirement if the lock is to be operated
remotely with a simple circuit not requiring local power.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The electric bolt of the preferred embodiment basically comprises a
solenoid and a core operable in a single snap direction in response
to the solenoid being momentarily energized. The bolt attached to
the core is retained in a first position by a spring. Upon
energization of the coil with a first pulse, the core and bolt are
retracted by the coils magnetic field -- overcoming the spring
tension. Apparatus fixedly positions the bolt and retains the bolt
in its retracted position. Upon the application of a succeeding
pulse, kinetic storage means releases the fixed position of the
bolt to permit the spring to return the bolt to its extended
position. Circuitry is provided to energize the coil with power
substantially greater than that normally transmitted via
communication wires. In this way the lock is a two step function
for alternatively locking and unlocking in a snap action upon
momentary energization of the coil.
The lock finds particular utility in a system for locking and
unlocking a heavy or large type of enclosure at a local station in
response to a control signal from a control station transmitted via
the communication lines.
OBJECTS
It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to to
provide a new and improved electrical solenoid type of lock.
Another object of the invention is to provide an electrical
solenoid lock alternatively responsive to an electrical signal of
only a momentary duration.
Another object of the invention is to provide an electrical
solenoid lock having a positive snap action.
Another object of the invention is to provide an electrical bolt
type lock having a minimum number of components operable together
in a rugged and reliable manner.
Still another object is to provide a remotely operable lock having
a simplified storage and control circuit, not necessarily requiring
a "metallic" connection to the remote control center and not
requiring local power.
Other objects and features of the present invention will become
apparent from the following detailed description when taken in
conjunction with
FIG. 1 and 1A of the drawing showing in cross section the solenoid
lock with the improvements of the present invention in a preferred
embodiment; and
FIG. 2 illustrating schematically the simplified structure of the
solenoid lock of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the aforementioned co-pending patent application there is shown
and described a closed-loop system for activating a lock in a local
station from a control station over the telephone lines.
Particularly a direct current voltage is transmitted via the line
to the local station. The voltage is permitted to accumulate and
then actuates the lock in response to a control signal. The system
further provides for sensing the position of a switch to determine
whether the lock is locked or unlocked, another switch to determine
if the door is open or closed and other perimeter protection
switches located on other doors, windows, etc. The switches are
used in tuning circuits to generate condition signals in the nature
of oscillatory signals indicative of which switch was activated.
These signals are returned to the control station via the same
communication line.
With particular reference to the electrically actuated solenoid
lock of FIGS. 1 and 1A, bolt 28 is slidably moveable in the opening
30 in the housing 10. The bolt 28 has a part 28a that is urged to
protrude from the opening 30 by the action of spring 54. The bolt
28 protruding from the opening 30 is the bolt that would enter its
female counter part in a door or enclosure for securing.
The housing 10 is best illustrated in the expanded view of FIG. 2.
The housing 10 -- which actually is a support member -- is shown in
its upright position. In this position the lock would be adapted to
bolt close an enclosure from its underside, although it can be used
in any position. The housing 10 has in its main back side portion
12 several apertures 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d for securing the
structure in position. A pair A pair of right angle arms 14 and 16
also have a pair of apertures 14a and 16a aligned to receive and
fixedly position the solenoid casing 20. That is, solenoid casing
20 has an upper portion with a pair of ears 22 and 24 -- also
having apertures 22a and 24a. The center-to-center distance between
the apertures 22a and 24a is identical the distance between the
apertures 14a and 16a. In this way the solenoid housing 20 is
fixedly positioned onto the structure 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and
1A.
In the conventional operation of a solenoid/bolt type of lock
applying power to the coil of the solenoid will cause the bolt
(core) to retract. The bolt is maintained therein so long as power
is applied. Upon removing the power from the coil the magnetic
forces are removed -- the bolt's position is overcome by the forces
of a spring. In essence then the power maintains the bolt in a
first position and the spring in the second position.
It can be appreciated that if the solenoid and bolt are of a
substantial size and large amount of power is needed to maintain
energization of the coil. Also in the "locked" position to tamper
with the lock it is necessary only to overcome the forces of the
spring.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the bolt
position is obtained by a burst or momentary application of power;
and the position is maintained by a mechanical locking arrangement.
This reduces the power requirements considerably and makes the lock
operable from a low power source as described in my co-pending
application, supra, and allows the use of a larger spring
substantially eliminating tampering.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in
part-per-part in FIG. 2 and in an unlocked position in FIG. 1 and
locked position in FIG. 1A.
The solenoid in the present invention, as stated above, is operable
from a momentary application of power. More specifically the power
applied to the coil of the solenoid is in the nature of a pulse.
Continuous power is not applied in either position. A pulse is
applied to activate the solenoid to retract the bolt and a pulse is
applied to again activate the solenoid to release the bolt.
With particular reference now to the figures, link 50 has a lower
aperture 38 adapted to slidably receive pin 36. A second aperture
39 has pressed fitted therein pin 42. The other end of pin 36 is
pressed fitted into aperture 37 in the bolt 28. This pin also
serves to connect the bolt to the solenoid core. The other end of
pin 42 is positioned in the elongated groove 32. This groove is
formed in the upright portion 12 of the structure 10. Its width is
somewhat greater than the diameter of the pin 42 to permit sliding
therein without disengagement. The groove at its lower most end has
a "flat" 34 formed therein to permit the pin 42 to be seated and
retained therein. This flat is perpendicular to bolt 28.
The lock (bolt 28) in its open (retracted) position has pin 42
seated in the flat 34. In the closed (extended) position of the
lock (bolt 28) the pin 42 is positioned in the upper region of the
slot 32. Also in the extended position the forward travel of the
core is stopped by the contact of solenoid coil plate 56 and the
housing at 70.
A bar type of spring 46 having an arc portion 44, shown in FIG. 2,
is positioned on the upright portion of the structure 10 adjacent
to the link 50. That is, cross pin 40 in link 50 contacts the arc
portion 44 of spring 46.
In operation a pulse applied actuates the solenoid which in turn
retracts the bolt 28. As the bolt 28 is retracted link 50 assumes
an upright position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The pin 6 positioned
in aperture 38 forces the lower end downward. The pin 42 is forced
into the flat end 34 of the elongated groove 32. Although the power
applied is only momentary, the bolt 28 will stay retracted since it
is locked into position by the pin 42 in the end 34 of the groove
32.
At the same time the arc portion of the spring 46 is forced to the
left and thereby put into tension. Pin 40 is moveably mounted in
link 50 and is retained on one end by head 64 which also serves to
contact the arc portion 44 of spring 46. Pin 40 is retained on the
opposite end by pin 61 press fitted into aperture 60. A small
spring 62 urges pin 40 to the left. In the final stage of
retraction, the kinetic energy of link 50, pin 42 and pin 40 are
absorbed by springs 46 and 62. Spring 54 opposes retraction and
immediately following complete retraction reverses the direction of
bolt movement and causes link 50 to move slightly upward to cause
pin 42 to contact end 34 of groove 32. The bolt 28 is now held in
the retracted position by the force of spring 54 causing contact
between pin 42 and end 34 of groove 32.
To actuate the bolt to a door lock position a second pulse is
applied to again energize the coil of the solenoid 20. The bolt
already retracted, will retract only enough to relieve the contact
pressure between pin 42 and end 34 of groove 32. As no kinetic
energy is developed by pin 40, link 50 and pin 42 pivoting about
pin 36; as was previously the case, the kinetic energy stored in
springs 46 and 62 causes the link 50 to pivot in a clockwise
direction. The spring 54 now causes the bolt to extend as pin 42
travels freely upwards in slot 32.
The spring 54 is fixed at its lower end to the casing 20 and at its
upper end to plate 56 fixed to a movable portion of the
solenoid.
Microswitch 49 contacts movable solenoid core plate 56 to detect
and transmit locked or unlocked position, as described in my
co-pending patent applications, supra.
Although certain and specific embodiments have been described and
illustrated it is to be specifically understood that modifications
may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *