U.S. patent number 3,791,180 [Application Number 05/246,648] was granted by the patent office on 1974-02-12 for combined latch bolt and dead bolt mechanism including single action double bolt release.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Emhart Corporation. Invention is credited to William J. Doyle.
United States Patent |
3,791,180 |
Doyle |
February 12, 1974 |
COMBINED LATCH BOLT AND DEAD BOLT MECHANISM INCLUDING SINGLE ACTION
DOUBLE BOLT RELEASE
Abstract
First and second latch assemblies are interconnected such that
operation of inside and outside operators of the second latch
assembly will extend or retract a deadbolt of the second latch
assembly without affecting the first latch assembly, operation of
an outside operator of the first latch assembly will retract a
spring extended latch of the first latch assembly without affecting
the second latch assembly, and operation of an inside operator of
the first latch assembly will retract both the latch of the first
latch assembly and the deadbolt of the second latch assembly
generally simultaneously. The inter-connection between the latch
assemblies preferably includes a rotatable gear and pivotal
rack.
Inventors: |
Doyle; William J. (La Habra,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Emhart Corporation (Bloomfield,
CT)
|
Family
ID: |
22931587 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/246,648 |
Filed: |
April 24, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/107;
70/DIG.63; 292/34; 292/39 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
59/00 (20130101); E05B 65/1086 (20130101); Y10T
70/5226 (20150401); Y10S 70/63 (20130101); Y10T
292/0843 (20150401); Y10T 292/0837 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
59/00 (20060101); E05B 65/10 (20060101); E05b
063/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/107,111,118
;292/39 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mahoney, Schick & Cislo
Claims
I claim:
1. In a latch construction of the type having first and second
latch assemblies, said first latch assembly including a first latch
mechanism actionable for withdrawing a first latch, a first inside
operator operable for actuating said first latch mechanism, and a
first outside operator operable for actuating said first latch
mechanism, said second latch assembly including a second latch
mechanism actionable for withdrawing a second latch, and a second
inside operator operable for actuating said second latch mechanism;
the improvements comprising: gear and rack means including a gear
and a rack inter-connecting certain of said first latch mechanism
and first inside operator and certain of said second latch
mechanism and second inside operator for generally simultaneously
actuating said first and second latch mechanisms upon operation of
said first inside operator while being free of actuating said
second latch mechanism during operation of said first outside
operator and being free of actuating said first latch mechanism
during operation of said second inside operator.
2. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said second
latch assembly includes a second outside operator operable for
actuating said second latch mechanism; and in which said gear and
rack means is free of actuating said first latch mechanism during
operation of said second outside operator.
3. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
outside operator is a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said second latch assembly includes a second outside operator
operable for actuating said second latch mechanism, said second
outside operator being a keyed operator including a lock; and in
which said gear and rack means is free of actuating said first
latch mechanism during operation of said second outside
operator.
4. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
inside operator is operable by rotation in either of opposite
rotatable directions from a neutral position for actuating said
first latch mechanism to withdraw said first latch; and in which
said gear and rack means includes said gear and said rack
inner-connecting said certain of said first latch mechanism and
said first inside operator and said certain of said second latch
mechanism and said second inside operator for generally
simultaneously actuating said first and second latch mechanisms
upon operation of said first inside operator by rotation of said
first inside operator in either of said rotational directions.
5. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said second
latch assembly includes a second outside operator operable for
actuating said second latch mechanism; in which said gear and rack
means is free of actuating said first latch mechanism during
operation of said second outside operator; in which said first and
second outside operators are keyed operators including locks; in
which said first inside operator is operable by rotation in either
of opposite rotatable directions from a neutral position for
actuating said first latch mechanism to withdraw said first latch;
and in which said gear and rack means includes said gear and said
rack inner-connecting said certain of said first latch mechanism
and said first inside operator and said certain of said second
latch mechanism and said second inside operator for generally
simultaneously actuating said first and second latch mechanisms
upon operation of said first inside operator by rotation of said
first inside operator in either of said rotational directions.
6. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said second
latch assembly includes a second outside operator operable for
actuating said second latch mechanism; in which said gear and rack
means is free of actuating said first latch mechanism during
operation of said second outside operator; in which said first and
second outside operators are keyed operators including locks; in
which said second latch is a dead bolt requiring actuation of said
second latch mechanism for both extension and retraction thereof;
in which said first inside operator is operable by rotation in
either of opposite rotatable directions from a neutral position for
actuating said first latch mechanism to withdraw said first latch;
and in which said gear and rack means includes said gear and said
rack inner-connecting said certain of said first latch mechanism
and said first inside operator and said certain of said second
latch mechanism and said second inside operator for generally
simultaneously actuating said first and second latch mechanisms
upon operation of said first inside operator by rotation of said
first inside operator in either of said rotational directions.
7. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator.
8. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; and in which
cam means is operable associated with said first latch mechanism
and said first inside operator normally positioning said rack
stationary, said cam means being movable to move said rack and
rotate said gear during actuation of said fist latch mechanism by
said first inside operator.
9. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; in which a cam
is operably associated with said first latch mechanism and first
inside operator operably engaged with said rack positioning said
rack stationary, said cam rotating and pivoting said rack during
actuation of said first latch mechanism by said first inside
operator; and in which resilient means is operably connected to
said rack constantly urging said rack against said cam.
10. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator; and in which drive transmitting means is
operably connected between said gear of said gear and rack means
and said second latch mechanism for transmitting drive from said
gear to said second latch mechanism for actuating said second latch
mechanism and being free of transmitting drive from either of said
second latch mechanism and second inside operator to said gear.
11. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; in which cam
means is operably associated with said first latch mechanism and
said first inside operator normally positioning said rack
stationary, said cam means being movable to move said rack and
rotate said gear during actuation of said first latch mechanism by
said first inside operator; and in which drive transmitting means
is operably connected between said gear of said gear and rack means
and said second latch mechanism for transmitting drive from said
gear to said second latch mechanism for actuating said second latch
mechanism and being free of transmitting drive from either of said
second latch mechanism and second inside operator to said gear.
12. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said gear
and rack means includes said gear at said second latch mechanism
and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack
extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and said
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; in which a cam
is operably associated with said first latch mechanism and first
inside operator operably engaged with said rack positioning said
rack stationary, said cam rotating and pivoting said rack during
actuation of said first latch mechanism by said first inside
operator; in which resilient means is operably connected to said
rack constantly urging said rack against said cam; and in which
drive transmitting means is operably connected between said gear of
said gear and rack means and said second latch mechanism for
transmitting drive from said gear to said second latch mechanism
for actuating said second latch mechanism and being free of
transmitting drive from either of said second latch mechanism and
second inside operator to said gear.
13. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
outside operator is a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said second latch assembly includes a second outside operator for
actuating said second latch mechanism, said secnd outside operator
being a keyed operator including a lock; and in which said gear and
rack means is free of actuating said first latch mechanism during
operation of said second outside operator, said gear and rack means
including said gear at said second latch mechanism and second
inside operator and said rack being a pivotal rack extending
between said gear and said first latch mechanism and first inside
operator.
14. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
outside operator is a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said said second latch assembly includes a second outside operator
operable for actuating said second latch mechanism, said second
outside operator being a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said gear and rack means is free of actuating said first latch
mechanism during operation of said second outside operator, said
gear and rack means including said gear at said second latch
mechanism and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal
rack extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; in which a cam
is operably associated with said first latch mechanism and first
inside operator operably engaged with said rack positioning said
rack stationary, said cam rotating and pivoting said rack during
actuation of said first latch mechanism by said first inside
operator; and in which resilient means is operably connected to
said rack constantly urging said rack against said cam.
15. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
outside operator is a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said second latch assembly includes a second outside operator for
actuating said second latch mechanism, said second outside operator
being a keyed operator including a lock; in which said gear and
rack means is free of actuating said first latch mechanism during
operation of said second outside operator, said gear and rack means
including said gear at said second latch mechanism and second
inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal rack extending
between said gear and said first latch mechanism and first inside
operator; and in which drive transmitting means is operably
connected between said gear of said gear and rack means and said
second latch mechanism for transmitting drive from said gear to
said second latch mechanism for actuating said second latch
mechanism and being free of transmitting drive from either of said
second latch mechanism and second inside opearator to said
gear.
16. A latch construction as defined in claim 1 in which said first
outside operator is a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said second latch assembly includes a second outside operator
operable for actuating said second latch mechanism, said second
outside operator being a keyed operator including a lock; in which
said gear and rack means is free of actuating said first latch
mechanism during operation of said second outside operator, said
gear and rack means including said gear at said second latch
mechanism and second inside operator, and said rack being a pivotal
rack extending between said gear and said first latch mechanism and
first inside operator, said rack being operably connected to said
gear rotating said gear upon movement of said rack; in which a cam
is operably associated with said first latch mechanism and first
inside operator operably engaged with said rack positioning said
rack stationary, said cam rotating and pivoting said rack during
actuation of said first latch mechanism by said first inside
operator; in which resilient means is operably connected to said
rack constantly urging said rack against said cam; and in which
drive transmitting means is operably connected between said gear of
said gear and rack means and said second latch mechanism for
transmitting drive from said gear to said second latch mechanism
for acutating said second latch mechanism and being free of
transmitting drive from either of said second latch mechanism and
second inside operator to said gear.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
This invention relates to a combined latch bolt and deadbolt
mechanism including single action double bolt release and more
particularly, to such a construction which provides double latch or
latch bolt protection which may be double keyed, yet is panic-free.
Two latch assemblies are positioned adjacent the first preferably
having a latch spring urged extended and the second preferably
having a deadbolt requiring deliberate movement to both extended
and retracted, both preferably having outside keyed opearators with
locks and inside hand operators. The inter-connection between the
two latch assemblies is such that operation of either of the second
assembly operators extends or retracts the second assembly bolt
without affecting the first assembly latch, operation of the first
assembly outside operator retracts the first assembly latch without
affecting the second assembly bolt, and operation of the first
assembly inside operator retracts both the first assembly latch and
the second assembly bolt, the latter thereby providing a panic-free
lockset.
With the rapid rise in burglary and other forms of unauthorized
entry to homes and business offices, it has become imperative that
greater security be provided, one means of increased security being
the provision of multiple locks on doors. As a result thereof, two
latch assemblies are presently frequently being used in all outside
doors, each preferably being separately keyed and either or both
preferably being of the deadbolt form wherein it is impossible to
retract the bolt by forces directly thereagainst, but rather
requires actuation of a latch mechanism in order to retract the
bolt. Although it is a relatively simple matter to provide two
separately operable latch assemblies and mount the same side by
side in a door, at least one major problem is presented which is
occasioned by the tendency of some people, when within a structure,
to become panicked by an emergency situation occuring within the
structure requiring their rapid exit therefrom, such as fires and
other similar emergency occurrences.
With a single latch assembly retaining a door in closed position
and against opening, it is merely necessary, of course, to operate
a single inside operator in order to open the door and exit the
structure from the inside. With the two latch assemblies required
for the increased security, however, many persons become confused
from the panic caused by the emergency situation and are incapable
of performing the relatively simple task of operating two inside
operators in order to open the door, despite the fact that the two
operators are closely positioned side by side. Thus, it is not only
desirable to provide the increased security by the use of dual
latch assembly arrangements, but with the provision of the dual
latch assemblies, it is also desirable to mount and construct the
same inter-connected such that operation of a single inside
operator will retract both latches, thereby requiring this single
operation to open the door and exit the structure.
At the same time, however, this single inside operation or
panic-free arrangement must not disturb the security value of the
two latch assemblies, otherwise the entire purpose is frustrated.
In other words, the interconnection between the two latch
assemblies must be such that each latch assembly requires separate
key operation at the outside of the door for the security purposes,
and, although one of the inside operators must be capable of
actuating both latch assemblies at once for the panic-free
purposes, it is preferable to provide the other inside operator
capable of only actuating its associated latch assembly,
particularly where that assembly includes a deadbolt rather than
the usual spring latch. The problem, therefore, becomes one of
providing a dual latch assembly construction satisfying all of the
foregoing requirements and desirabilities, yet of relatively simple
and uncomplicated form so that the same may be manufactured at a
minimum of labor and material cost.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a combined
dual latch assembly including single action double latch or bolt
release wherein there are two latch assemblies for door mounting
which are preferably separately keyed requiring separate key
outside operation, yet may be simultaneously operated by one of two
inside operators. With the two latch assemblies being separately
keyed and requiring separate key outside operation, the former
single security of a single latch assembly is conveniently
increased to double latch assembly security. At the same time, the
provision of the double latch security is not at the sacrifice of
two latch assemblies requiring separate inside operation for
withdrawing the associated latches and permitting the door to be
opened from the inside or interior of a structure, but rather, by
unique integration of the two latch assemblies, operation of a
single outside operator will quickly withdraw both latches or bolts
and results in a "panic-free" dual latch assembly.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a combined dual
latch assembly including single action double latch or bolt release
which has all of the foregoing qualities, yet only one of the
inside operators provides dual latch assembly operation, while the
other inside operator merely operates its associated latch
assembly, so as to make it convenient to include in such dual
latch, a deadbolt of the type requiring deliberate extension and
retraction. In the usual form of the dual latch assembly of the
present invention, the one latch assembly is of the type having a
spring-urged latch, preferably with a deadbolt attachment thereon,
which automatically extends when the door is closed, thereby
providing partial security even without deliberate actuation of the
second latch assembly. The second latch assembly, on the other
hand, is of the pure deadbolt type which requires a deliberate
extension of the bolt, once the door is closed, through a
deliberate action. Despite these two distincly different forms of
latch assemblies requiring distinctly different operations thereof,
with the unique integrating mechanism of the present invention
between the two latch assemblies, the latches or bolts thereof may
be withdrawn by the single action of a single inside operator and
operation of the other inside operator will only affect that
particular latch assembly and not both.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a combined dual
latch assembly including single action double latch or bolt release
which provides all of the features stated in the foregoing despite
the fact that the overall dual latch assembly is still of
relatively simple construction and one which may be manufactured
for a minimum of cost and materials. According to a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, interconnection for
integration between the dual latch assemblies is provided by a
relatively simple rack and gear assembly, the rack and gear
assembly being arranged for transmitting relative motion between
the dual latch assemblies in one direction but not in the other,
and in this manner, transmitting motion from the one inside
operator for dual latch retraction, while not transmitting motion
from the other inside operator therebetween. Still further, it is
preferred to provide the gear and rack assembly actionable for
transmitting relative motion between the dual latch assemblies
merely by the use of a single cam which normally retains the rack
stationary until moved by operation of one operator for the dual
latch or bolt retraction, the result being a relatively simple and
inexpensive arrangement with positive action.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following specification and the accompanying drawings which are
for the purpose of illustration only.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view with parts broken away and in
section showing a preferred embodiment of the combined dual latch
assembly including single action double latch or bolt release of
the present invention typically mounted in a door;
FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view, part in elevation, looking
in the direction of the arrows 2--2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view part in elevation, looking in
the direction of the arrows 3--3 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view, primarily in elevation,
looking in the direction of the arrows 4--4 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an inside elevational view of the dual latch assembly of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 4, but with various parts in
operating positions;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of various sub-assembly parts seen
looking in the direction of the arrows 7--7 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of sub-assembly parts seen looking in
the direction of the arrows 8--8 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view looking in the direction of
the arrows 9--9 in FIG. 4; and
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary, vertical sectional view primarily in
elevation, looking in the direction of the arrows 10--10 in FIG.
9.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST EMBODIMENTS CONTEMPLATED:
Referring to the drawings, an embodiment of the combined dual latch
assembly including the principles of the present invention is
illustrated mounted in operative position in a usual door ready for
cooperable engagement in a usual strike plate (not shown) of a
usual door frame (not shown) in a well-known manner obvious to
those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiment of the
combined dual latch assembly illustrated may be fabricated from
usual material and by usual fabrication methods. It should be kept
in mind, however, that the particular embodiment illustrated herein
is solely for purposes of illustration and that it is not intended
to limit the principles of the present invention to the particular
embodiment shown.
As illustrated, the embodiment of the present invention includes a
first latch assembly generally indicated at 20 and a second latch
assembly generally indicated at 22, the first latch assembly in
this case being the lower and the second latch assembly being the
upper. As would be true of the usual individual or separate
installation of the respective first and second latch assemblies 20
and 22, each latch assembly is mounted through a usual door opening
24 and 26, respectively, between door inside and outside surfaces
28 and 30. Furthermore, the first or lower latch assembly 20
preferably includes a usual biased latch bolt mechanism 32 with a
biased bolt 34 extensible from a door edge 36, whereas the second
or upper latch assembly 22 has a usual deadbolt mechanism 38 with a
deadbolt 40 extensible from the door edge 36.
More particularly, the first or lower latch assembly 20 is to a
large extent, of usual biased latch bolt form as shown particularly
in FIGS. 1 and 3 having a two-directional rotatable knob 42
constituting the first inside operator and a two-directional keyed
knob 44 constituting the first outside operator, each knob or
operator being assembled with its particular half-round spindle 46
and 48, respectively, extending through the latch bolt mechanism
32, that is, spindle 46 telescoping spindle 48 and each being
independently rotatable in either direction by its respective knob
for actuating the latch bolt mechanism 32 to withdraw the biased
bolt 34 in the usual manner. Also, a turn button 50 of the inside
knob 42 is operably connected in the usual manner to the lock of
the outside keyed knob 44 through a locking spindle 52
independently rotatable within the half-round spindle 46 and 48.
Thus, ignoring for the moment the additions of the present
invention, with the turn button 50 in the locked position as shown
in FIG. 1 and the biased bolt 34 extended, the outside keyed knob
44 may be unlocked and turned in either direction to withdraw the
biased bolt, or, the inside knob 42 may be rotated in either
direction to withdraw the biased bolt 34, all in the usual
manner.
The second or upper latch assembly 22 is likewise to a large extent
of usual form having a rotatable thumb bar 54 constituting the
second inside operator and a pure keyed lock 56 constituting the
second outside operator connected through a common spindle 58
through the upper deadbolt mechanism 38 such that with the deadbolt
40 extended as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, operation of either of the
thumb bar 54 or keyed lock 56 will withdraw the deadbolt to the
retracted position. In view of the fact that this deadbolt
mechanism is a deadbolt mechanism, the deadbolt 40 will remain
retracted until operation of either of the thumb bar 54 or keyed
lock 56 in the opposite direction to extend the same. As is usual
in this deadbolt mechanism arrangement, operation of the keyed lock
56 from locked to unlocked will automatically, through the common
spindle 58 move the thumb bar 54 from the locked position as shown
in FIGS. 1 and 2 and in phantom lines in FIG. 5 to the unlocked
position as shown in full lines in FIG. 5 wherein the deadbolt 40
is withdrawn and the opposite operation of the keyed lock 56 will
produce the locking motion of both the deadbolt 40 and thumb bar
54.
For adding the improvements of the present invention to
inter-connect the lower first latch assembly 20 with the upper
second latch assembly 22 in a unique manner providing all of the
foregoing independent operation of the respective latch assemblies
with the exception of during rotation of the inside knob 42 of the
first latch assembly, the two latch assemblies are inter-connected
by a common inside rosette plate 60 mounting and enclosing
inter-connection means generally indicated at 62. With the inside
rosette plate 60 constituting the frame rotatably mounting the
inside knob 42 and its half-round spindle 46 of the first latch
assembly 20, the inter-connection means 62 at the first latch
assembly includes an annular cam plate 64, an annular drive plate
66 and a retaining ring 68 which are telescoped over an inwardly
extending portion 70 against the inner side of the inside rosette
plate 60 rotatable relative thereto. As shown in assembly in FIGS.
1 and 3 and in exploded view in FIG. 8, the cam plate 64 rotatably
abuts the inner side of the inside rosette plate 60 and is formed
with a flat chordal cam surface 72, a circumferential cam surface
73 at either side of the flat chordal cam surface 72, and a radial
lug slot 74, a second lug slot 76 being included but merely for
alternate mounting of the inter-connection means 62 as will be
briefly hereinafter discussed.
The drive plate 66 is assembled axially against the cam plate 64
with an axial lug 78 engaged in the cam plate lug slot 74 and a
radial lug 80 of the drive plate 66 radially engaged with a drive
flat 82 formed on the inwardly extending portion 70 of the inner
knob 42. The retaining ring 68 is assembled axially against the
drive plate 66 thereby retaining the assembly of the inner knob 42,
the cam plate 64 and the drive plate 66 all simultaneously
rotatable through the various lug connections. Not a part of the
inter-connection means 62 of the present invention is the usual
knob positioning spring 84, spring retaining plate 86 and retaining
ring 88 for retaining the inner knob 42 at a rotative center
position in the usual manner.
As shown in assembly in FIGS. 1 and 2 and in exploded view in FIG.
7, the portion of the inter-connection means 62 at the second or
upper latch assembly 22 includes an annular pinion or gear 90 and
an annular pinion drive plate 92 retained in assembly on an
inwardly extending portion 94 of the thumb bar 54 by a retaining
ring 96. In assembly, the pinion 90 rotatably abuts the inner
surface of the inside rosette plate 60 telescoping the thumb bar
inwardly extending portion 94 and the pinion has an approximately
180.degree. side surface recess 98 and approximately equivalent
side surface raised portion 100 axially exposed to the pinion drive
plate 92. The pinion drive plate 92 telescopes and engages flats
102 on the thumb bar inwardly extending portion 94 with an axially
extending lug or pin 104 received in the side surface recess 98 of
the pinion 90, a similar pin 106 projecting axially opposite of the
pinion drive plate 92 again for alternate assembly as will be
briefly hereinafter described.
To complete the elements of the inter-connection means 62, a cam
follower plate 108 and a rack plate 110 are pivotally mounted on a
mounting pin 112 at the inner side of the inside rosette plate 60,
as best seen in FIGS. 1, 4, 9 and 10. As shown, the cam follower
and rack plates 108 and 110 are connected at upper portions thereof
by an override tension spring 114 and a lower portion projection
116 of the cam follower plate is received in an opening 118 of the
rack plate for retaining the plates generally simultaneously
pivotally movable, although permitting slight relative pivotal
movement therebetween. Again, the respective plates are provided
with alternate projection 120 and opening 122 for alternate
mounting as will be hereinafter briefly discussed.
More important to direct functioning, the cam follower plate 108
has a downwardly projecting cam follower portion 124 retained in
constant engagement with the peripheral cam surfaces 72 or 73 of
the cam plate 64 on the inner knob inwardly extending portion 70 as
shown for instance in FIG. 4, this retention of engagement of the
cam follower portion 124 being accomplished by a positioning spring
126 engaged between a fastening tab 128 on the cam follower plate
108 and a fastening pin 130 of the inside rosette plate 60. Also,
an arcuate rack 132 is formed on an upper edge of the rack plate
110 constantly engaged with the pinion or gear 90 on the thumb bar
inwardly extending portion 94.
With the foregoing description of the assemblies of the first and
second latch assemblies 20 and 22 with the inter-connection means
62, the acutal relative functioning thereof and the particular
relationships of the various elements during such functioning can
best be understood by a further detailed description of both
independent and cooperative operation of these various elements.
Keeping in mind the various assemblies hereinbefore described,
including the portions of the inter-connection means 62 integrated
into both of the first and second latch assemblies 20 and 22, and
those portions of the inter-connection means 62 extending
therebetween as shown in detail in FIGS. 7 through 10, as well as
in other figures of the drawings, assume that both the first and
second latch assemblies 20 and 22 are in locked positions with the
biased bolt 34 of the first latch assembly and the deadbolt 40 of
the second latch assembly in extended positions as shown in FIGS. 1
through 4. In such locked position, and referring for the moment to
FIG. 4, the cam follower portion 124 of the cam follower plate 108
is engaging the segmental flat cam surface 72 of the first latch
assembly cam plate 64 and the pin 104 of the second latch assembly
pinion drive plate 92 is at the left extremity of the side surface
recess 98 on the second latch assembly pinion or gear 90 (hidden
lines in FIG. 4).
Now, considering the upper or second latch assembly 22 and keeping
in mind that this latch assembly includes the deadbolt mechanism 38
and deadbolt 40, the deadbolt 40 may be withdrawn by actuating
either the keyed lock 56 constituting the second outside operator
or the thumb bar 54 constituting the second inside operator, in
either event partially rotating the thumb bar 54 from the phantom
line position to the full line position shown in FIG. 5 and
permanently positioning the dead bolt 40 retracted. The deadbolt 40
may again be extended by a reversal of either of the keyed lock 56
or thumb bar 54 to again place the deadbolt in permanently extended
position. During any of these movements, either the lower or first
latch assembly 20 nor the major portion of the inter-connection
means 62 will be effected in view of the fact that the pin 104 of
the second latch assembly pinion drive plate 92 will move solely
within the side surface recess 98 of the second latch assembly
pinion or gear 90, that is, arcuately clockwise and back
counter-clockwise as viewed in FIG. 4.
As a result, the second latch assembly 22 is independently operable
free of any effect on the first latch assembly 20. The deadbolt 40
may be extended or retracted through the deadbolt mechanism 38 by
either of the thumb bar 54 or the keyed lock 56 without disturbing
the first latch assembly 20. Thus, the upper or second latch
assembly 22 provides independent security separate from the lower
or first latch assembly 20 for the particular installation.
Considering the lower or first latch assembly 20, and for the
moment, the actuation thereof by the keyed knob 44 constituting the
first outside operator, actuation of the keyed knob 44 will
withdraw the biased bolt 34 during actuation thereof or rotation of
the keyed knob in the properly keyed situation. This withdrawal of
the biased bolt 34 will be completely independent of the inner knob
42 constituting the first inside operator in view of the half-round
spindle 48 being partially rotatable to actuate the latch bolt
mechanism 32 independent of the half-round spindle 46 as is usual
in such latch assemblies and well known to those skilled in the
art.
Actuation of the first latch assembly 20, however, by actuation or
rotation in either direction of the knob 42 constituting the first
inside operator brings into play the unique panic-free principles
of the present invention by causing actuation of the
inter-connection means 62 to withdraw both the biased bolt 34 and
the deadbolt 40. Comparing FIGS. 4 and 6 showing bolt extended and
retracted positions, respectively, rotation of the knob 42 causes
equal rotation of the drive plate 66 and through the axial lug 78
thereof and the lug slot 74 of the cam plate 64, causes equal
rotation of the cam plate 64. As the cam plate 64 rotates, and this
is true regardless of the direction of rotation, the cam follower
portion 124 of the cam follower plate 108 rides from the segmental
flat cam surface 72 outwardly in one circumferential direction or
the other onto the circumferential cam surfaces 73 of the cam
plate, thereby pivoting the cam plate 64 and its connected drive
plate 66 against the extended tensioning of the positioning spring
126.
As the cam follower and rack plates 108 and 110 pivot from the
positions shown in FIG. 4 to the positions shown in FIG. 6, the
arcuate rack 132 of the rack plate moves arcuately to the left as
shown in FIG. 4 along the pinion or gear 90 so as to rotate this
pinion or gear clockwise as viewed in FIG. 4. Such roatation of the
pinion or gear 90 in the clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 4
causes the pinion side surface raised portion 100 to
circumferentially engage the pin 104 of the pinion drive plate 92,
thereby rotating the pinion drive plate in the same clockwise
direction to rotate the thumb bar 54 in the counter-clockwise
direction as viewed in FIG. 5 withdrawing the deadbolt 40 to its
permanently retracted position. Release of the inside knob 42 of
the first latch assembly 20 permitting such knob to return to its
inactive position in the usual manner causes all elements to resume
the positions shown in FIG. 4 as a result of the spring urging of
the positioning spring 126 on the cam follower plate 108, but more
important, while the inner knob 42 of the first latch assembly 20
is actuated, both of the first latch assembly biased bolt 34 and
the second latch assembly deadbolt 40 are in retracted
position.
Thus, with the unique inter-connection means 62 of the present
invention, a conventional first latch assembly 20 in the form of a
biased bolt latch assembly and a second latch assembly 22 in the
form of a deadbolt latch assembly are adapted for dual installation
wherein separaetly keyed outside operators 44 and 56 must be
separately actuated to withdraw the biased and deadbolts 34 and 40.
At the same time, an inside thumb bar 54 may be operated to both
withdraw and extend the deadbolt 40 without affecting the biased
bolt 34 of the biased bolt latch assembly 20. Still further, and
very important, through the unique relatively simplified and
inexpensive inter-connection means 62, operation of the inside knob
42 of the biased bolt latch assembly 20 in either direction will
withdraw to retracted position both of the biased bolt 34 and the
deadbolt 40 in this single movement to provide the important
panic-free qualities to the overall dual latch assembly.
At various occasions throughout the foregoing description of the
embodiment herein involved, various elements were described as
alternate elements and not being used in the assembly shown. The
purpose of these alternate elements is to adapt the same parts to a
similar assembly wherein the inside of the door on which the dual
latch assembly is mounted assumes the position of outside and the
outside of the door assumes the position of the inside so that the
entire assembly would be exactly reversed. In such case, with the
various alternate elements, the same assembly can be accomplished
with the same parts and it is not necessary to provide alternate
parts for the alternate assemblies, again adding to the economy of
construction.
Also, in the interconnection means 62, as shown for instance in
FIGS. 4 and 6, the cam follower and rack plates 108 and 110 are
described as being connected at upper portions thereof by the
override tension spring 114 and at lower portions thereof by the
cam follower plate projection 116 received in the rack plate
opening 118 for common pivotal movement on the mounting pin 112,
but additionally slight pivotal movement relative to each other,
such slight relative pivotal movement being permitted by the
override tension spring 114 and movement of the cam follower plate
projection 116 within the slightly larger rack plate opening 118.
The purpose of permitting this slight relative pivotal movement
between the cam follower and rack plate 108 and 110 is due to the
fact that in usual mass production manufacturing and the necessary
tolerances involved therein, it would be most difficult and
impractical to attempt to manufacture devices such as the combined
dual latch assembly of the present invention with sufficient
preciseness that both the first and second latch assemblies 20 and
22 will reach their full withdrawal movements of their respective
latches or bolts at precisely the same instant in movement thereof
by the interconnection means 62. Thus, the slight relative pivotal
movement provided between the cam follower and rack plates 108 and
110 permits the second latch assembly 22, which is the dead bolt
latch assembly, to reach the full extent of its withdrawal movement
slightly in advance of the first latch assembly 20, which is the
biased bolt latch assembly, wihtout damage to the interconnection
means 62.
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