U.S. patent number 3,786,523 [Application Number 05/199,664] was granted by the patent office on 1974-01-22 for medical appliance.
Invention is credited to Georges J. F. Sele.
United States Patent |
3,786,523 |
Sele |
January 22, 1974 |
MEDICAL APPLIANCE
Abstract
A stretcher including means which facilitates the transfer of a
patient between a bed and the stretcher is disclosed. The stretcher
includes actuators for controlling the vertical position of the
appliance and also for imparting angular movement to transfer means
which can be extended from the appliance. Additionally, the device
may be provided with further actuators which are employed to
convert the stretcher into a wheel chair by rotating back and foot
support platforms relative to a central support member.
Inventors: |
Sele; Georges J. F. (Liege,
BE) |
Family
ID: |
3874347 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/199,664 |
Filed: |
November 17, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
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Nov 18, 1971 [BE] |
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759,132 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
5/87.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
5/006 (20130101); A61G 7/1057 (20130101); A61G
7/1046 (20130101); A61G 7/1034 (20130101); A61G
7/1019 (20130101); A61G 7/002 (20130101); A61G
7/1076 (20130101); A61G 7/1026 (20130101); A61G
2200/32 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61G
7/002 (20060101); A61G 7/10 (20060101); A61G
5/00 (20060101); A61g 001/02 (); A61g 007/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;5/181B,86,81R,61
;269/325 ;180/9.24 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nunberg; Casmir A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: David S. Fishman et al.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A medical appliance comprising:
a base;
central frame means;
means supporting said central frame means from said base, said
central frame means being supported so as to define a substantially
horizontal plane;
first end frame means pivotally mounted at its first end from a
first end of said central frame means, said first end frame means
defining an angularly movable extension of said central frame
means;
second end frame means pivotally mounted at its first end from a
second end of said central frame means, said second end frame means
defining an angularly movable extension of said central frame
means, said second end of said central frame means being disposed
oppositely to said first end of said central frame means;
means for simultaneously imparting motion in the same rotational
direction to said end frame means whereby the angular relationship
between said first and second end frame means and said central
frame means may be adjusted;
first transversely movable slide means mounted on the second end of
said first end frame means, said second end of said first end frame
means being disposed oppositely to the first end of said first end
frame means;
second transversely movable slide means mounted on the second end
of said second end frame means, said second end of said second end
frame means being disposed opposite to the first end of said second
end frame means;
means for imparting movement to said slide means to cause said
slide means to extend and retract with respect to sides of said end
frame means included between said end frame means first and second
ends; and
coupling means affixed to said slide means for attaching opposite
ends of a sling to respective of said slide means.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for imparting
movement to each of said slide means comprises:
a double acting hydraulic jack mounted within said first end frame
means; and
flexible means for transmitting the movements of the ram of said
jack to said slide means.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means supporting said
central frame means comprises:
means for vertically adjusting the position of said central frame
means with respect to said base.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means for imparting
simultaneous motion to said end frame means comprises:
third double acting hydraulic jack mounted in said base means;
a pair of lever extensions mounted respectively from the first ends
of each of said end frame means; and
means for mechanically coupling said third hydraulic jack to said
lever extensions whereby the angular relationship between said end
frame means and said central frame means may be varied
simultaneously in opposite directions.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means supporting said
central frame means comprises:
means for vertically adjusting the position of said central frame
means with respect to said base.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said means supporting said
central frame means comprises:
means for vertically adjusting the position of said central frame
means with respect to said base.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to facilitating the movement of
invalids. More specifically, this invention is directed to a
medical appliance in the form of a stretcher which is vertically
adjustable, has a horizontally movable patient transfer mechanism
and which, in a preferred embodiment, may be converted into a wheel
chair. Accordingly, the general objects of the present invention
are to provide novel and improved methods and apparatus of such
character.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In hospitals, clinics and similar establishments it is frequently
necessary to transfer disabled patients from their beds. Thus,
during recuperation for example, it is considered desirable to jet
the patient out of bed and into a chair. These transfer operations
presently involve the physical handling and manipulation of the
patient by hospital personnel and are frequently painful to the
invalid and extremely strenuous for hospital personnel who may have
to repeat the transfer operation frequently during the day.
As noted in the preceding paragraph, at the present time
manipulations of a patient between a hospital bed and a stretcher
or chair is accomplished by the actual manual manipulation of the
patient. There are no appliances presently available which assist
the hospital personnel in the movement of the patient between a bed
and stretcher. Similarly, stretcher-type devices which may be
converted, either by hospital personnel or the patient, into an
easy chair are not now available.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes the above-briefly discussed and
other disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art by providing
a medical appliance which may be used either as a chair or
stretcher as required. In accordance with the invention the
convertable stretcher/chair apparatus comprises a central frame and
a pair of end frames angularly movable with respect to opposite
ends of the central frame between a first position, in which the
end frames lie in a substantially common plane with the central
frame to define a stretcher, and a second position, in which the
end frames extend away from the plane of the central frame in
opposite directions to define back and foot-leg supports with the
central frame defining a chair seat. The central frame is mounted
on a telescopic pedestal which extends vertically upward from a
mobile base.
When the appliance is to be used as a stretcher, the central and
end frames are aligned in the same plane, typically horizontal, and
the pedestal is adjusted to bring the frame assembly to the height
of a patient lying in bed so that the patient can be readily
transferred to the stretcher. Thereafter the pedestal can be
lowered and the end frames rotated with respect to the central
frame to convert the appliance into a chair while simultaneously
moving the patient into a sitting position. Vertical and rotational
movements are accomplished mechanically, hydraulically or
pneumatically.
To faciliate the transfer of a patient from bed to the stretcher
the appliance is provided with a pair of slides at opposite ends of
the three unit frame assembly. The slides are movable transversely
of the frame assembly and are provided with coupling connectors.
The coupling connectors engage a cloth which is first slipped under
the patient. Thus, by imparting movement to the slides, the cloth
and the patient can be easily transferred from bed to stretcher
without manual manipulation of any kind and without excessive
physical effort on the part of the hospital personnel.
Preferably the slides are operable to opposite sides of the
stretcher so that cooperation with the connectors can be effected
when the bed is on either the left or the right side of the
stretcher.
Control means for operating the pedestal, end frames and the slides
are so constructed and arranged as to be operable by the patient
himself.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The present invention may be better understood and its numerous
objects and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the
art by reference to the accompanying drawing wherein like reference
numerals refer to like elements in the several figures and in
which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a first embodiment of the
present invention converted into a chair;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 converted into a
stretcher; and
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are respectively perspective views showing the
present invention in the chair mode, the stretcher mode and the
stretcher-bed transfer mode.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference now simultaneously to the several figures of the
drawing, the disclosed embodiment comprises a base 1 provided with
a pair of forwardly positioned wheels 2 and a pivotable rear wheel
3. The base 1 includes an upwardly extending pedestal and a
vertically oriented hydraulic lifting jack 4 is mounted within the
pedestal. Jack 4 includes a movable ram 4a which is employed for
adjusting the vertical height of the patient weight supporting
central frame portion 5 of the appliance. In the disclosed
embodiment, which is characterized by the ability to be converted
into a stretcher or chair, the central frame 5 is of square or
rectangular shape and is provided with seat 5a having a seat
cushion 5b. If the device is to be employed solely as a stretcher
the cushion 5b will be enlarged to cover the entire top of the seat
portion 5a. The seat-cushion assembly is attached to the top of the
ram 4a of hydraulic lifting jack 4
A pair of end frames 6 and 7 are each pivotally connected to one
end of the frame 5 for angular movement about respective transverse
pivotal axes 4b and 4c. The three frames are equal in width with
the frame 7 being of shorter length than the frame 5, and the frame
6 being of greater length than the frame 5.
Each of frames 6 and 7 is provided, adjacent its pivotal axis, with
a respective downwardly projecting lugs 6b and 7b. The lugs 6b and
7b are coupled, at 6a and 7a, to opposite ends of a pair of piston
rods of a double acting hydraulic jack 8 housed below the central
frame 5. Operation of the jack 8 causes the frames 6 and 7 to move
angularly in synchronism about their pivotal connections 4b and 4c
between a first position as shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, in which
they lie in a substantially common plane with the frame 5, and a
second position, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, in which the frame 6
extends upwardly with respect to the frame 5 to define a back
support and the frame 7 extends downwardly to define a leg
support.
A transverse slide 9 of open box section is provided on the free
end of frame 6, and a similar transverse slide 10 is provided on
the free end of the frame 7. The slide 9 slides transversely of the
frame 6 in opposite directions on a pair of rollers 12 positioned
between the inner faces of the slide 9 and the complementary outer
end and one side face of the end of the frame 6. Similarly the
slide 10 is movable transversely of the frame 7 on a pair of
rollers 12 positioned between the slide 10 and the end of the frame
7.
A pair of transversely spaced double acting hydraulic jacks 14 are
accommodated in side-by-side relationship within the frame 6 in
positions spaced from and parallel with the sides thereof. The ram
16 of each of jacks 14 carries a pair of rotatable pulleys 18, and
a pulley 20 is rotatably mounted on the opposite end of each of
jacks 14.
A pair of pulleys 22 are mounted at opposite ends of the slide 9,
and a similar pair of pulleys (not shown) are mounted at opposite
ends of the slide 10. Flexible cables 23 each anchored at opposite
ends between the slides 9 and 10, pass around the pulleys 18, 20
and 22 and further pulleys 24 in the frame 6. Operation of the ram
of one jack in the outward or extension direction and simultaneous
contraction of the ram of the other jack causes slides 9 and 10 to
move simultaneously outwardly to the same side of the frame
assembly. Contraction of the same ram and extension of the other
causes both sides to move outwardly simultaneously to the other
side of the frame assembly. Movement of both jacks to a center
position restores the slides 9 and 10 to the position shown in full
lines in FIG. 3. It is to be noted that frame 5 is rotatable with
respect to ram 4a and FIG. 3 depicts the frame rotated 90.degree.
with respect to the FIG. 1 and 2 position.
Each of slides 9 and 10 is provided with hooks or couplings for
detachable engagement with complementary connector rings at outer
opposite ends of a cloth sling 28. Sling 28 extends between
opposite ends of the frame assembly and covers the upper surface
thereof.
The hydraulic fluid for operating the jacks 8, 4 and 14 is provided
by a pump 30 driven by an electric motor 32. The pump 30 delivers
pressurized hydraulic fluid from a reservoir 34 to the jacks
through suitable conduits, not shown.
The supply of fluid to the jacks is controlled by a set of
interconnected solenoid operated valves constructed and arranged to
supply fluid to and bleed fluid from the opposite sides of a jack
simultaneously. The solenoid-operated valves are controlled by an
electrical control unit which can either be held in the hand and
connected to the appliance by a cable or the control may be mounted
on the appliance in any convenient position.
To transfer a prone patient, the patient is first placed on the
sling 28. The frames 6 and 7 are moved into their stretcher
defining position by operation of the jack 8 and the frame assembly
is raised, by operation of the jack 4, to bring the upper surface
of the frame assembly into horizontal alignment with the bed.
Thereafter the slides 9 and 10 are actuated by operation of the
jacks 14 to move the slides into positions in which they overlie
the bed so that the hooks or connectors can be attached to the
connector rings on the sling as shown in FIG. 6. The slides 9 and
10 are then returned to their initial position to transfer the
sling and the patient onto the frame assembly as shown in FIG. 5.
The frames 6 and 7 can thereafter be rotated into their second
position to define a chair as shown in FIG. 4.
In order to return a patient sitting in the apparatus to bed, the
sequence of operation described above is reversed.
By arranging for the frame assembly to be rotatable on the jack 4
with respect to the base at least the forward end of the base 1 can
be accommodated beneath a bed to provide additional stability for
the apparatus during the transfer of the patient between the bed
and the stretcher.
While a preferred embodiment has been shown and described, various
modifications and substitutions may be made without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, for example, in the
embodiment described above the hydraulic jacks may be replaced by
pneumatically operable rams or by mechanical assemblies of which
the effective lengths are adjustable. Accordingly, it will be
understood that the invention has been described by way of
illustration and not limitation.
* * * * *