U.S. patent number 3,786,411 [Application Number 05/202,337] was granted by the patent office on 1974-01-15 for device for detecting location of a movable body.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Susumu Hiraoka, Noritaka Kurauchi, Masaki Ohmori, Kenichi Yoshida.
United States Patent |
3,786,411 |
Kurauchi , et al. |
January 15, 1974 |
DEVICE FOR DETECTING LOCATION OF A MOVABLE BODY
Abstract
A device for detecting the location of a moving body comprising
an antenna or antennae provided on the moving body. A fundamental
and a plurality of other conductor pairs extend in parallel along
the path of the moving body. Each of the conductor pairs includes
portions in which the coupling between the conductor pair and the
antenna is changed periodically. The changing period of any one of
the other conductor pairs is selected as an integer fraction of the
changing period of the fundamental conductor pair, so that any
region along the length of the path is coded in accordance with a
binary code. A ground station is coupled with all of the conductor
pairs, whereby the location of the moving body in whatever coded
region can be detected from the ground station or the moving body
when an electric signal is transmitted from the antenna, or when
one or a plurality of signals are supplied from the ground station
to the conductor pairs.
Inventors: |
Kurauchi; Noritaka (Osaka,
JA), Hiraoka; Susumu (Osaka, JA), Yoshida;
Kenichi (Osaka, JA), Ohmori; Masaki (Osaka,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Sumitomo Electric Industries,
Ltd. (Osaka, JA)
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Family
ID: |
14384525 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/202,337 |
Filed: |
November 26, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Nov 26, 1970 [JA] |
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45/104586 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
340/988;
246/167D; 340/989; 340/933 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B61L
25/02 (20130101); B61L 25/025 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B61L
25/02 (20060101); B61L 25/00 (20060101); G08g
001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;246/167R,122R,167D
;179/82 ;340/47,38L,23 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1,455,381 |
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Jan 1969 |
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DT |
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1,211,654 |
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Feb 1969 |
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GB |
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Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Berger; Richard E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn and
Macpeak
Claims
We claim:
1. A system for detecting the location of a movable body, which
body may be either moving or stationary at the time of location
detection, comprising:
a. a fundamental conductor pair extending along the path of said
movable body;
b. a plurality of other conductor pairs extending along the path of
said movable body in parallel with said fundamental conductor
pair;
c. antenna means mounted on said movable body, said antenna means
being electrically coupled to all of said conductor pairs wherein
the coupling between said antenna means and each of said conductor
pairs is changed periodically along the path of said movable body
and the period of change for each conductor pair is a negative
integer power of two of the period of said fundamental conductor
pair according to a specific parallel binary code corresponding to
a region along the path of said movable body, whereby the specific
parallel binary code is detected in accordance with the coupling
between said antenna means and all of said conductor pairs; and
d. ground station means coupled to all of said conductor pairs.
2. The system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said antenna means
transmits a signal to all of said conductor pairs and said ground
station means receives the signal transmitted by said conductor
pairs and thereby produces a signal indicative of the location of
said moving body.
3. The system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said ground station
means transmits a signal over each of said conductor pairs wherein
the signal transmitted over each conductor pair is of a different
frequency and wherein said antenna means receives all of said
signals and thereby produces a signal in said moving body
indicative of the location of said moving body along said path.
4. The system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said ground station
means transmits a signal over each of said conductor pairs and
wherein said antenna means includes a plurality of antennae each of
said antennae corresponding to one of said conductor pairs and each
of said antennae being electrically isolated from the others of
said antennae and the non-corresponding conductor pairs, wherein a
signal is produced in said moving body indicative of the location
of said moving body along said path.
5. The system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the periodic change
in said conductor pair is in the ratio of 2:1 with the periodic
change in the preceding conductor pair.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a device for detecting the location of a
moving body.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Recently extreme effort has been exercised for the realization of
automatic operation of a movable body such as a train, automobile,
crane, truck, or the like, which is operated on the railway,
highway, or in a factory, warehouse, or the like.
In the study of the automatic operation of a train, procedures have
been sought for eliminating the hazards accompanying the high-speed
operation of the train under a closely packed schedule, realizing
highly efficient operation under the control of an electronic
computer, and improving the operational economy through the
econimization in manpower. In the study of automatic highway
operation, the automatic control of car intervals, outruns, or
steerings, and the safe and effective utilization of highways have
been considered. Also, solutions have been sought for the automatic
operation of a crane, truck, or a cargo-handling machine in a
harbor (such as a stacker, reclaimer, loader, unloader, or the
like). Not only the labor savings on the side of these machines,
but also the labor economization under the computer controlled
on-line real time operation or under direct coupling with the
warehouse control system have been studied.
When it is desired to control a moving body from a control station
on the ground, the following data transmission lines are
theoretically required.
(1) A line for detecting the location of the moving body.
(2) A line for exchanging the data between the moving body and the
stationary station on the ground.
This invention relates to the former line and associated devices
thereto.
Heretofore, various devices for detecting the location of a moving
body have been proposed. Typical prior art devices utilize switch
and markers as shown in FIG. 1 which will be described hereinafter
in more detail. In such a device, an electric pulse signal is
generated from the switch in response to the moving body passing
over the markers distributed along the track of the moving
body.
However, such a device requires a separate line to transmit the
electric signal to the stationary station on the ground, and if it
is intended to install the switches on the ground instead of on the
moving body and a marker on the moving body instead of on the
ground, the installation cost will be further increased because of
the numerous switches required.
Another example of prior art devices are those which utilize the
rotation of a wheel on the moving body. That is, a pulse generator
is installed on the moving body for rendering an electric pulse
signal for every revolution of the wheel. However, this type of
device also requires a separate line to transmit the electric
signal to a stationary station on the ground if it is desired to
supervise the location of the moving body from the stationary
station on the ground. Furthermore, this type of device has another
drawback of the error due to wear of the wheel or slip of the
wheel, and the determination of the location for a long distance is
thereby made impossible.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, a primary object of the present invention is to provide
a device for detecting the location of a moving body, wherein the
above described drawbacks of the conventional devices can be
substantially eliminated.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device for
detecting the location of a moving body, which includes a locating
unit disposed on the ground whereby the location of the moving body
can be determined with high precision without errors due to the
wear of the wheel or slip thereof.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a device for
detecting the location of a moving body, whereby the location can
be detected either on the moving body or on the ground without
requiring any additional equipment.
A further object of the invention is to provide a device for
detecting the location of a moving body, wherein a locating unit
disposed on the ground can also be employed for the purpose of data
transmission.
An additional object of the present invention is to provide a
device for locating a moving body, wherein the interference noise
introduced from outside can be substantially eliminated.
These and other objects of the present invention can be achieved by
a device for detecting the location of a moving body, comprising an
antenna provided on the moving body. A fundamental and a plurality
of other conductive pairs extend in parallel along the path of the
moving body. Each of the conductor pairs includes portions in which
the coupling between the conductor pair and the antenna is changed
periodically. The changing period of any one of the conductor pairs
is selected as an integer fraction of the changing period of the
fundamental conductor pair, so that any region along the length of
the path is coded in accordance with the binary system. A ground
station is coupled with all of the conductor pairs, whereby the
location of the moving body in any coded region can be detected by
a conventional binary decoder at the ground station when an
electric signal is transmitted from the antenna.
In another aspect, the objects can also be achieved by another
device for detecting the location of a moving body, comprising an
antenna provided on the moving body. A fundamental and a plurality
of other conductor pairs extend in parallel along the path of the
moving body. Each of the conductor pairs includes portions in which
the coupling between the conductor pair and the antenna is changed
periodically. The changing period of any one of the conductor pairs
is selected as an integer fraction of the changing period of the
fundamental conductor pair, so that any region along the length of
the path is coded in accordance with the binary system. A ground
station is coupled to all of the conductor pairs, whereby the
location of the moving body in whatever coded region can be
detected on the moving body through the antenna by conventional
frequency discriminator and binary decoder means when signals
having different frequencies are supplied from the ground station
to the conductor pairs.
In still another aspect of the invention, the objects can be
achieved by a device for detecting the location of a moving body,
which comprises a plurality of antennae of a completely isolated
type located on the moving body. A fundamental and a plurality of
other conductor pairs are constructed in the similar manner as
described above, so that any region along the length of the path is
coded in accordance with a binary code. A ground station is coupled
to all of the conductor pairs, whereby when an electric signal is
applied to all of said conductor pairs, the location of the moving
body can be detected on the moving body through conventional binary
decoders and the plurality of antennae receiving coded signals
corresponding to the located region of the moving body.
The nature, principle, and the utility of the present invention can
be better understood from the following detailed description of the
invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, in schematic form, of a conventional
device for detecting the location of a moving body wherein a switch
and markers consisting of iron pieces are employed.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the basic construction of a
system for detecting the location of a moving body according to the
present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the variation of the output levels
obtained from the system for detecting the location of a moving
body shown in FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 shows a locating device of a moving body employing a switch
and markers. A moving body 1 running along a railway bears a switch
2 which generates an electric pulse each time when the switch 2 is
brought into the vicinity of each of the markers 3 consisting of an
iron piece. However, when the electric signal generated by the
switch 2 is to be detected at a station on the ground, a separate
line is required to transmit the signal from the moving body 1 to a
station on the ground (not shown). Thus the installation cost of
locating the moving body is very high.
FIG. 2 shows the basic system for locating a moving body in
accordance with the present invention. A number of pairs of
conductors 14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, 14.sub.3 -- are used, each
consisting of a pair of conductors transposed between each other at
a predetermined interval. Each of the conductor pairs 14.sub.1,
14.sub.2, 14.sub.3 -- corresponds to one unit position in the
binary system. That is, the repetition periods of the conductor
pair 14.sub.i and the conductor pair 14.sub.i.sup.+1 are in a ratio
of 2:1, and one complete period of 14.sub.i can be included in the
one-half period of the 14.sub.i.sup.+1. In the drawing, antennae
15.sub.1, 15.sub.2, 15.sub.3 -- are shown mounted on the moving
body (not shown). A receiving station 16 is located on the
ground.
When the pairs of the conductors 14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, -- 14.sub.i
are extended in alignment along the path of the moving body and a
single electric signal is commonly emitted from the antennae
15.sub.1, 15.sub.2, -- 15.sub.i, -- while the moving body moves
along the path, the signal levels received along the conductor
pairs 14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, -- at the ground station 16 are varied as
shown in FIG. 3.
In FIG. 3, 16.sub.1, 16.sub.2, -- indicate the signal levels
received at the ground station 16 along the conductor pairs
14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, -- respectively. If it is assumed that, for
instance, a portion producing a signal such as the region 17.sub.1
or 17.sub.3 along the signal level 16.sub.1 corresponds to "0" of a
binary system and another portion 17.sub.2 producing no signal
corresponds to "1" of the binary system, any region along the
conductor pair 14.sub.1 can be identified by "0" or "1." The same
condition is applied for the conductor pairs 14.sub.2, 14.sub.3,
--, so that any region along the path of the moving body can be
identified by a combination of binary codes such as (0, 0, 0) which
corresponds to the region 17.sub.1. Likewise, the region 17.sub.2
can be identified by the combination of binary codes (0, 0, 1), and
the region 17.sub.3 can be identified by the binary codes (0, 1,
0). From these relations, the location in whatever region of the
moving body along the path can be easily identified at the ground
station from the received signal levels along the conductor
pairs.
In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the reason the conductor pairs
are transposed as described above is that the two consecutive
portions producing a signal level (broadly spaced apart portions)
along a conductor pair are thereby rendered to produce a signals of
different polarity, i.e., a 180 degree phase difference so that the
mutual interference between any two conductor pairs is thereby
minimized and the independent nature of each conductor pair is
assured.
In the above description, a signal is emitted from the antennae on
the moving body, and the location of the moving body has been
detected at the ground station.
However, in another aspect of the present invention, the location
of the moving body can be detected on the moving body itself. In
that case, each of the conductor pairs 14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, -- may
be applied with different signals having different frequencies, and
the outputs therefrom may be received by one antenna provided on
the moving body. The outputs thus received are thereafter divided
into different frequency components and the binary codes
designating the location of the moving body can be obtained as
described above.
Alternatively, the same signal may be applied to the conductor
pairs 14.sub.1, 14.sub.2, -- from the ground station, and the
output signals transmitted along the conductor pairs may be
received through a plurality of antennae provided on the moving
body so that the above described coded region can be detected on
the moving body. In this case, the antennae must be so arranged
that each antenna is coupled with each of the conductor pairs and
the cross-coupling therebetween should be minimized.
In the above description, although the amplitude of the signals is
used to determine location, it is of course possible to employ a
phase shifting technique in the arrangement of the present
invention. In that case, however, two more parallel lines must be
installed along the above described conductor pairs so that a
reference phase signal is thereby obtained.
Although in the above description and in FIG. 2, a plurality of
antennae have been used on the moving body, it will be apparent to
the skilled in the art that a single antenna may be substituted for
the plurality of antennae when a single electric signal is emitted
or received commonly through the plurality of antennae.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with
reference to the preferred embodiment thereof, it will be
understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form
and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit
and scope of the invention.
* * * * *