U.S. patent number 3,783,450 [Application Number 05/329,320] was granted by the patent office on 1974-01-08 for hockey helmet.
Invention is credited to William Raymond O'Connor.
United States Patent |
3,783,450 |
O'Connor |
January 8, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
HOCKEY HELMET
Abstract
A hockey helmet is disclosed in which an outer shell is formed
of lightweight material generally by injection molding with three
protective ribs extending longitudinally over the top of the
helmet, the two outer ribs having openings formed therein. The
openings progressively decrease in area as they extend from the
front to the back of the helmet. The inside of the helmet has three
protective pads secured to the inside of the outer protective shell
so that a pair of passages are formed in cooperation with the ribs
in cooling the upper part of the head of the wearer. The central
pad covers the central rib and forms an air cushion for the top of
the head of the wearer.
Inventors: |
O'Connor; William Raymond (St.
Paul, MN) |
Family
ID: |
23284847 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/329,320 |
Filed: |
February 5, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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216633 |
Jan 10, 1972 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
2/421; 2/425 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A42B
3/124 (20130101); A42B 3/28 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A42B
3/28 (20060101); A42B 3/04 (20060101); A42B
3/12 (20060101); A42b 003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/3R,3A,3B,3C,6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Boler; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Everett J. Schroeder et al.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation, Ser. No. 216,633, filed Jan. 10, 1972, now
abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a protective helmet for use by an ambulatory wearer having an
outer semi-ovoidal shaped shell adapted to fit loosely over the
head of the wearer in spatial conformity therewith said shell
comprising:
a. a front member extending downwardly and terminating transversely
above the eye level of the wearer;
b. a back member extending downwardly and terminating generally
transversely at least as low as said front member;
c. a pair of side members being formed of uninterrupted material
joining said front and back members and including relieved portions
adapted to extend above the ears of the wearer; and
d. a top member joining said front, back and two side members, said
members being formed as a unitary plastic body of uniform
thickness, said top member having a plurality of outwardly directed
ribs extending generally longitudinally from said front member to
said back member, at least one of said plurality of ribs containing
a plurality of smooth molded openings free of stress points
disposed along said rib, said openings having an area of about 10%
of the area of said rib between the forehead of the user and the
suboccipital region, said openings constructed and arranged to
provide a significant flow of air therethrough when the wearer is
in motion.
2. The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein at least the
outermost of said plurality of ribs containing said plurality of
openings progressively narrow from the front to the back of said
shell.
3. The structure as defined in claim 2 wherein said plurality of
ribs includes a central rib disposed equal distance between a pair
of outer ribs having said openings therein, said openings being
elongated and having the largest dimension thereof extending
transversely across said ribs, and said outer ribs diverging from
the front to the back of the shell.
4. A protection helmet for use by an ambulatory wearer
comprising:
a. an outer semi-ovoidal shaped shell of substantially uniform
thickness adapted to fit loosely over the head of the wearer in
spatial conformity therewith having a front, back and two side
members joined by a top member, said front member extending
downwardly and terminating transversely above the eye level of the
wearer, said back member extending downwardly and terminating
generally transversely at least as low as said front member, said
side members being formed of uninterrupted material joining said
front and back members and including a relieved portion adapted to
extend above the ears of the wearer, and said top member having a
plurality of outwardly directed ribs extending generally
longitudinally from said front member to said back member, at least
one of said plurality of ribs containing a plurality of openings
disposed along said rib and formed therethrough;
b. a pair of side pads secured on the inside to said side members
and adapted to engage the sides of the head of the wearer, said
pads each having an upper edge adjacent and conforming to the most
lateral edges of said plurality of ribs; and
c. a central elongated pad secured on the inside to said front,
top, and back members and adapted to engage the front, top and back
of the head of the wearer, said central pad having a pair of edges
spaced from and extending transversely between the innermost
lateral edges of said side pads, said ribs and openings therein and
said adjacent pad edges forming passages for movement of air over
the head of the wearer.
5. The structure as defined in claim 4 including:
d. a pair of strap members secured to said side members and adapted
to extend under the ears of the wearer and be interconnected by a
chin strap.
6. The structure as defined in claim 4 wherein said pads are formed
from a plurality of distinct materials secured to each other in
laminate arrangements, the material in contact with said outer
shell having the highest density.
7. The structure as defined in claim 4 wherein said plurality of
ribs includes a central rib disposed equal distance between a pair
of outer ribs having said openings therein, said central elongated
pad spanning said central rib and having its peripheral portions
cemented to said outer shell thereby forming an air space between
said central rib and said central pad.
8. The structure as defined in claim 7 wherein said plurality of
ribs have elongated openings therein and said plurality of
elongaged openings have the largest dimension of said openings
extending transversely across said ribs and progressively narrow
from the front to the back of said outer shell.
9. The structure as defined in claim 7 wherein said central rib
includes an opening at the front and back of said outer shell
extending therethrough and through said central pad providing
ventilation to the head of the wearer.
10. The structure as defined in claim 7 wherein said openings are
of an elongaged configuration.
11. The structure as defined in claim 2 wherein said openings are
elongated and the area thereof progressively decreases from the
front to the back of said shell.
12. The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the area of said
openings progressively decreases from the front to the back of said
shell.
Description
This invention relates to the field of helmets, and more
particularly to hockey helmets to be worn on the head of the
wearer.
Continuing emphasis has been placed upon the safety of the
participants in various types of sports, and particularly those in
which physical contact is made between the participants. It is
generally recognized that there have been various improvements made
in certain fields, for instance, in football in attempting to
devise a protective helmet that will give the player maximum
protection while at the same time providing maximum dexterity of
the player, and with a minimum of hindrance to the player's ability
through the use of the helmet. In the game of hockey, it has
generally been recognized that a helmet is most desirable to
protect the head from blows due to falling, or being struck through
body contact, skates, or the stick or hockey puck. While the
general padding worn by a skater does not hinder his movements, it
has generally been considered by most hockey players that helmets
have been a hindrance in obstructing their vision and they quite
often are fabricated of materials which are heavy enouth to cause
discomfort. Perhaps one of the most annoying features of most
hockey helmets that are designed to give good protection to the
head, is the lack of adequate cooling for the upper part of the
head. Thus where a player is actively participating and the head is
perspiring, the helmet generally increases the problem and because
of the moisture which finds its way to the pads and straps of a
helmet, the helmet becomes slippery with respect to the head and
tends to move around on the head adding further discomfort and
annoyance for the player.
The present invention is directed to a lightweight helmet which is
generally formed of a high-impact plastic which may be injection
molded to form the outer shell of the helmet. The helmet has the
upper portion thereof formed with three ribs which are extended
outwardly from the helmet, the two outer ribs having a plurality of
enlongated openings which are transversely oriented. The elongated
openings diminish in size as the openings extend from the front to
the back of the helmet. Internally, three pads are secured to the
helmet in such a manner as to form a pair of passages or channels
which permit the air to flow over the top of the head and escape
through other openings so that cooling is provided for the helmet.
The padding is generally formed of a sponge rubber layer which has
secured thereto some form of polyurethane, vinyl chloride,
polyethylene, or some other form of foam material. Therefore, the
combination just described provides a helmet which is not only
highly protective, but is light weight and provides adequate
cooling for the wearer.
It is therefore a general object of the invention to provide an
improvement in protective helmets for use in contact sports such as
hockey, lacrosse, skating, where the wearer is running or skating
to impart substantial movement of the body in the game or
activity.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a helmet of
lightweight material with padding in such a combination that the
structure provides adequate cooling for the wearer.
It is still another object of this invention to provide an outer
shell for a protective helmet that is strengthened and contains
cooling characteristics.
It is still a further object of this invention to provide elongaged
openings and pads in a helmet to cooperate with each other and form
air passages or channels for cooling.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a helmet
having good cooling characteristics which are not disturbed by the
thickness of the pads used therewith.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will more
fully appear from the following description, made in connection
with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters
refer to the same or similar parts throughout the several views,
and in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the invention as seen from the
right side;
FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear elevational view of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the helmet taken along Lines 6--6 of
FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view the helmet looking forward along the
Lines 7--7 of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the invention taken along Lines 8--8
of FIG. 2.
Helmets of the type found to have deficiencies such as enumerated
eariler are disclosed in U.S. Letters Pat. Nos. 3,087,166,
3,105,240 and 3,274,612 for example. A helmet 10 is formed by
having an outer shell 11 formed by a molding process such as
injection molding, the helmet having a semi-ovoidal shape which is
larger than the head of the wearer. The outer shell 11 is formed
from a front member 12, a back member 13, a pair of side members 14
and 15, and a top member 16 joining the other members. Front member
12 extends downwardly and terminates transversely above the eye
level of the wearer, while back member 13 extends at least as low
as the front member and generally extends transversely to a lower
position than that of the front member. Rear member 13 extends low
enough to insure that the sub-occipital bone at the back of the
wearer's head is adequately protected as well as the lower portion
of the head and upper neck region. The side members are formed from
an uninterrupted material, that is, the sides are not split in any
manner in which they may be forced together or extended to change
the size or shape of the outer shell 11.The side members include a
pair of relieved portions 18 and 19 which are adapted to extend
above the ears of the wearer. Top member 16 joins the front, back
and two side members, all of the members being formed of
substantially a single and uniform thickness with the exception of
a bead 20 which extends around the lower portion of the helmet to
provide an edge which is less subject to causing injury to an
opposing player or the wearer, as well are provide additional
strengthening at the very edge of the helmet which aids in
preventing any cracking of the material. The outer shell 11 is
generally formed of a high-impact plastic material. Top member 16
has three ribs 21, 22 and 23. The ribs are formed in an outwardly
direction and extend generally longitudinally from the front member
12 to back member 13. A plurality of elongated openings 25 are
formed in rib 21, the first opening being substantially in a
horizontal or transverse position at the lower portion of front
member 12 and extending towards rear member 13. The openings are
formed with smooth substantially rectangular openings in rib 21 and
the area of the elongated openings becomes progressively smaller in
going from the front to the back of the outer shell.
In a like manner, a plurality of elongated openings 27 are formed
in rib 23. Ribs 21 and 23 containing openings 25 and 27
respectively also progressively narrow from the front to the back
of the outer shell 11 and ribs 21 and 23 diverge from the front to
the back of the outer shell 11. (See FIG. 4 in particular) Rib 22
is a central rib which is disposed substantially equal distance
betweeen outer ribs 21 and 23 and has a pair of elongated openings
24 and 26 formed respectively in the front member and rear member
of rib 22 in the same manner as described for openings 25 and 27,
the exception being that openings 24 and 26 are at substantially
right angles to those in the outer ribs. Opening 24 is formed in
rib 22 at a location slightly above the first of the transverse
openings 25 and 27 and opening 26 is formed at a location slightly
above the transverse position of openings 25 and 27 in the back
members.
As can be seen in the several figures each of the side ribs 21 and
23 have a plurality of openings, which openings are spaced along
the rib and comprise approximately 10 percent of the area of the
ribs in that portion of the helmet between the forehead of the user
and the suboccipital bone region.
A pair of straps 30 and 31 are formed in a V-shape and are secured
to side members 14 and 15 by suitable means such as rivets 42.
Straps 30 extend downwardly to a position below the ears so that
the ears are avoided by strap 30 and a snap fastener 33 is formed
at the bottom of the V-shaped member and is adapted to be connected
to a mating snap fastener which is secured to a chin strap or strap
to be passed under the chin to insure that the helmet may not be
knocked from the head. (Not shown)
A pair of side pads 34 and 35 are secured to the inside of side
members 14 and 15 respectively by suitable means such as cement. A
central elongated pad 36 is secured on the inside to front member
12, top member 16, and back member 13 by suitable means such as a
cement or adhesive. The side pads 34 and 35 and central pad 36 are
adapted to engage the head of the wearer and may be formed in
various thicknesses to accomodate different sized heads. Each of
pads 34, 35 and 36 are formed from a sponge rubber layer 34a, 35a
and 36a and a foam material 34b, 35b, and 36b. The two parts of
each pad are cemented together by appropriate adhesives which are
well known.
Side pads 34 and 35 have their upper edge adjacent and conforming
to the most lateral edges of ribs 21 and 23 respectively which may
be described generally as an arcuate shape and is best shown in
FIG. 8.
Central elongated pad 36 has its outer periphery extending
transversely between the closest lateral edges of ribs 21 and 23 in
such a manner that a pair of passages 41 and 43 are formed
respectively between pads 34 and 36 and 35 and 36. As the wearer
moves through the course of the game by running or skating, air
enters openings 25 and 27 and is channeled through passages 41 and
43 over the head of the wearer. It will also be noted that central
elongated pad 36 is cemented to outer shell 11 below openings 24
and 26 and may be cemented around the edge of openings 24 and 26 at
the upper portion thereof. By not cementing the top portion of pad
36, an air space 44 is formed between the pad 36 and the upper part
of rib 22. Thus the primary purpose of openings 24 and 26 are to
provide ventilation for the helmet at those locations. To provide
the maximum cushioning effect, pads 34a, 35a, and 36a are generally
formed from a higher density material than the other portion of the
pads 34b, 35b and 36b. It will of course be understood that a pair
of openings 54 and 56 are formed respectively in central pad 36 to
communicate with openings 24 and 26 of the outer shell 11.
From the disclosure presented herein it will be seen that a
disclosure has been made of a helmet which may be worn in contact
sports or athletics in which there is provided a helmet of light
weight construction, which provides maximum protection through the
use of the ribbed construction across the top and front and back
members. By the use of proper padding, one of the greatest
disadvantages of wearing helmets is overcome by providing adequate
ventilation for the wearer when the wearer is moving, thus
providing cooling through the channels which are formed between the
pads in the helmet. By changing the thickness of the inner portion
such as 34b, 35b and 36b of the side and central pads respectively,
the helmet may be adopted for various size heads with a minimum
amount of fitting. The elongated holes are formed in the outer
shell through the use of molding and thus when the outer shell is
created, additional stress points are eliminated which are
generally formed in conventional structures through some cutting
process to form the holes. It will of course, be understood that
various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and
proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of the
invention which consists of the matter shown and described herein
and set forth in the appended claims.
* * * * *