U.S. patent number 3,781,836 [Application Number 05/271,879] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-25 for self-powered wireless intrusion alarm system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Andrew P. Kruper, John R. Reeves, Leonard C. Vercellotti.
United States Patent |
3,781,836 |
Kruper , et al. |
December 25, 1973 |
SELF-POWERED WIRELESS INTRUSION ALARM SYSTEM
Abstract
The invention pertains to an alarm system including a magnetic
pulse generator for producing an output pulse in response to a
change in magnetic flux in response to an intrusion of a designated
area, a radio transmitter circuit responding to the pulse from the
magnetic pulse generator by transmitting a signal to a remote
receiver circuit which in turn generates a pulse for actuating an
intrusion alarm circuit.
Inventors: |
Kruper; Andrew P. (Pittsburgh,
PA), Reeves; John R. (Orange, CT), Vercellotti; Leonard
C. (Verona, PA) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
23037472 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/271,879 |
Filed: |
July 14, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/539.3;
340/547 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G08B
13/06 (20130101); G08B 13/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G08B
13/02 (20060101); G08B 13/08 (20060101); G08B
13/06 (20060101); G08b 005/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/224,274 ;331/185
;332/2 ;325/185 ;310/14,15 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Application S.N. 271,877 filed 07-14-72 to D. M. Johnston et
al..
|
Primary Examiner: Yusko; Donald J.
Claims
We claim as our invention:
1. In a self-powered wireless intrusion alarm system for responding
to disturbance of an object such as a window or a door, the
combination of, a magnetic pulse generator means including a magnet
having a north and south pole, a pole piece and an electrical coil
operatively associated therewith, said pole piece aligned with said
north and south poles to establish a path of magnetic flux,
actuator means operatively connected between said object and said
magnetic pulse generator means for maintaining said pole piece and
said magnet in a preset relationship in the absense of a
disturbance of said object, said actuator means disrupting said
preset relationship of said magnet and said pole piece in response
to a disturbance of said object to cause relatively rapid movement
of said magnet and said pole piece either toward or away from one
another to produce a rapid change in the magnetic flux and a
corresponding electrical output pulse in said coil, RF transmitter
circuit means operatively connected to said magnetic pulse
generator means and responding to said output pulse from said
magnetic pulse generating means by transmitting a corresponding RF
signal, and radio receiver circuit means responding to said RF
output signal by generating an output signal suitable for actuating
an intrusion alarm circuit.
2. In a self-powered wireless intrusion alarm system as claimed in
claim 1 wherein said actuator means includes means for maintaining
said magnet and said pole piece in a latched spaced apart
relationship during said preset condition, and bias means for
causing rapid relative movement of said pole piece and said object
toward one another to produce an electrical output signal in
response to a disturbance of said object.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is related to the following cofiled copending
patent applications:
Filing Ser. No. Title WE Case Date 7/14/72 271,877 An Improved
Magnetic 43,127 Pulse Generator 7/14/72 271,880 Transmitter Circuit
43,128 7/14/72 271,878 Receiver Discriminator 43,849 Circuit
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Security systems for protecting homes and businesses are becoming
increasingly popular due to the increase in vandalism and theft.
The commonly used protective system involves a wiring of doors and
windows in such a manner that an unauthorized opening of the door
or window activates an electric circuit which in turn produces an
alarm. The conventional systems require battery power sources,
extensive wiring and specially designed switching devices making a
conventional security system susceptible to tampering and failure
as well as rendering the cost prohibitive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The self-powered wireless intrusion alarm system described below in
connection with the attached drawing includes a magnetic pulse
generator including a magnet and a pickup coil assembly including a
soft iron core or pole piece and a coil such that rapid movemement
of the pole piece relative to the magnet causes rapid change in the
flux linkage therebetween and this in turn results in the
generation of an output pulse signal in the coil. The pulse
generated by the magnetic pulse generator is applied to an
electrically connected RF transmitter circuit which in turn
transmits an RF signal to a remote radio receiver circuit. A
receiver circuit in turn produces an output signal which is
supplied to an intrusion alarm indication circuit.
Magnetic pulse generators of the type described in Design News, May
10, 1967, page 204 are commercially available from the Suprel
Division of Globe Industries, Inc., Dayton, Ohio.
The system disclosed herein provides significant advantages over
the other prior art in that it requires no separate power source to
energize the transmitter and no interconnecting wire between the
transmitter and receiver circuits.
The invention will become more readily apparent from the following
exemplary description in connection with the accompanying
drawing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The drawing is a schematic illustration of a typical embodiment of
a self-powered wireless intrusion alarm system.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to the drawing there is illustrated a self-powered
wireless intrusion alarm system 10 comprised of a magnetic pulse
generator 20 for responding to the movement of a monitored object,
i.e., window W, by supplying a signal pulse to RF transmitter
circuit 40 which responds by transmitting a signal via antenna 42
to the antenna 52 of the receiver circuit 50. An output signal
corresponding to the received signal is supplied by receiver
circuit 50 to the alarm circuit 60 which may be typically an
audible or a visual alarm indicating device. The occurrence of an
intrusion in the form of movement of the window W is manifested by
an alarm indication in the alarm circuit 60.
The magnetic pulse generator 20 is comprised of magnet 22 having a
north pole N and a south pole S. The magnet 22 is slidably
positioned for movement within stationary housing 24. A spring
element 25 acts in compression between the stationary housing 24
and the magnet 22 such that with the window in the closed position
as illustrated, the linkage mechanism 30 forces the magnet 22 into
the stationary housing 24 thus increasing the compression force
developed by the spring element 25. With the window in the closed
position illustrated, the magnet can be considered to be in a
latched condition.
The linkage assembly 30 consists of pivot arm 32 which is pivoted
about pivot point 33 against the tension force developed by tension
spring element 34 by the actuator arm 36 extending from the window
W when the window W is positioned in the closed position. This
counterclockwise motion of the pivot arm 32 about the pivot point
33 causes the pivot arm to raise the mwgnet 22 within the
stationary housing 24. Movement of the widow from the closed
position to an open position will remove the force of the actuator
arm 36 on the pivot member 32 thus permitting the spring member 34
to produce clockwise motion of the pivot arm 32 thereby releasing
the magnet 22 from the raised or latched position. The compressed
spring member 25 will then rapidly accelerate the magnet 22 toward
the pickup coil assembly 26. The pickup coil assembly 26 consists
of a soft iron pole piece 27 and a coil 28 wound thereabout. The
rapid movement of the magnet 22 towards the pickup coil assembly 26
will produce a rapid increase in flux linkage therebetween. This
rapid buildup in flux linkage will produce an electrical pulse in
the coil 28 which pulse is subsequently applied to the RF
transmitter circuit 40. The implementation and operation of the
transmitter circuit 40 can be satisfied by any radio transmitter
circuit operating at a suitable frequency such as AM, FM, CB, SW,
etc. which is powered by the pulse developed by the magnetic pulse
generator in response to the rapid movement of the magnet 22
relative to the pickup coil assembly 26.
While the magnetic pulse generator 20 is illustrated in schematic
form in the drawing, a more detailed representation and description
of a suitable magnetic pulse generator is presented in the
above-identified copending patent application entitled "Improved
Magnetic Pulse Generator." Furthermore, while the pulse is
described as being produced by the rapid movement of the magnet
toward the pickup coil assembly it is equally apparent that
movement of the pickup coil assembly relative to the magnet would
likewise produce the same results. Furthermore, since all that is
necessary is the rapid relative movement of magnet 22 and pole
piece 27 to provide a rapid change in magnetic flux to produce the
necessary output pulse, an embodiment equally suitable would be one
in which the relative movement represents a rapid separation of the
magnet and pole piece thus producing a rapid collapse of a magnetic
field in contrast to the rapid buildup of magnetic flux as would be
the case in the above described embodiment.
The power required to transmit a signal over a distance of between
50 to 100 feet, which represents typical positioning of the
transmitter circuit 40 and the receiver circuits 54 in a security
installation, is quite small as indicated by the fact that citizen
band radios are capable of transmitting up to distances of 2 miles
with less than 100 millowatts of input power.
While the RF transmitter circuit 40 can be implemented through many
known techniques a detailed representation and description of a
suitable transmitter circuit is presented in the copending
above-identified patent application entitled "Transmitter
Circuit."
The output signal produced by the RF transmitter circuit 40 in
response to the output of magnetic pulse generator 20 is
transmitted by an antenna 42 and picked up by the antenna 52 of the
remote receiver circuit 50. As in the case of the RF transmitter
circuit 40 the receiver circuit 50 can be implemented through the
use of any one of numerous available radio receiver circuits
compatible with the frequency of the signal transmitted by RF
transmitter circuit 40 in response to the output pulse from the
magnetic pulse generators 20. The receiver circuit 50 in turn
develops an output signal for actuating the alarm circuit 60 which
provides audio and/or visual manifestation of the intrusion
represented by movement of the window from the closed to the opened
position.
A detailed description and representation of a receiver circuit
suitable for application in this configuration is presented in the
above identified copending patent application and entitled
"Receiver-Discriminator Circuit. "
* * * * *