U.S. patent number 3,778,851 [Application Number 05/228,924] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-18 for mattress.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Howorth Air Conditioning Limited. Invention is credited to Frederick Hugh Howorth.
United States Patent |
3,778,851 |
Howorth |
December 18, 1973 |
MATTRESS
Abstract
A mattress, for use in treating a patient who has undergone
extensive surgery or who has been severely burned, comprises an
upper panel a lower panel and means for supplying air to the space
between said panels, said lower panel being of air-impermeable
material and at least a part of said upper panel being perforate to
allow conditioned air to issue therefrom to impinge on and pass
around said patient to substantially isolate said patient from
ambient air and to reduce strain on his heart and promote
healing.
Inventors: |
Howorth; Frederick Hugh (Nr.
Chorley, Lancashire, EN) |
Assignee: |
Howorth Air Conditioning
Limited (Bolton, Lancashire, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
9803580 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/228,924 |
Filed: |
February 24, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Mar 2, 1971 [GB] |
|
|
5,838/71 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
5/423; 297/DIG.3;
5/709; 601/148; 601/158; 297/180.13; 5/714 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
7/057 (20130101); Y10S 297/03 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
27/08 (20060101); A61G 7/057 (20060101); A47c
027/08 (); A47c 027/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;5/347-350
;297/453,DIG.3 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nunberg; Casmir A.
Claims
I claim:
1. A mattress comprising: a block of resilient material for
supporting a patient and on top of the block aeration means
comprising a lower sheet and an upper sheet attached together to
define chambers containing pieces of resilient foamed plastics
material, the lower sheet being air impermeable and the upper sheet
being air permeable, and air supply means for supplying conditioned
air to the chambers to issue from the top sheet to impinge on and
pass around a patient lying on the mattress.
2. A mattress as claimed in claim 1, wherein the panels are
attached to each other by seams dividing the aeration means into a
plurality of interconnected ribs, each rib having a spine of
resilient plastics material extending therealong, each spine being
narrower than the rib in which it is disposed.
3. A mattress as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aeration means has
side ribs which are larger than the aforementioned ribs and which
contain air supply tubes and serve to locate the aeration means on
the block.
4. A mattress as claimed in claim 2, wherein the seams are
discontinuous to allow air to flow from rib to rib.
5. A mattress as claimed in claim 1, in combination with a cover in
the form of a bag having an air permeable upper surface which may
protect the mattress from contamination by a patient but still
allow air from the mattress to reach the patient.
Description
This invention relates to a mattress, particularly but not
exclusively, for use in the treatment and resuscitation of patients
in hospital, or at home.
In order to resuscitate a patient after extensive surgery it is
desirable that the body be enclosed in a microclimate, that is an
environment containing conditioned air. This air may be
bacteria-free and have its temperature and humidity controlled to
prevent excessive metabolisation and remove strain from the
patient's heart, or alternatively, accelerate healing of, for
instance burns.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a mattress
whereon a patient, suffering, for instance, from shock, hypothermia
or burns, can be supported and his body, which may be covered by a
sheet, exposed to a microclimate of conditioned air to encourage
resuscitation, which is relatively cheap to manufacture and which
does not require a very large air supply. It is desirable that free
flow of this air is not hindered or stopped by compression of the
mattress by the weight of the patient supported thereby.
Accordingly the invention provides a mattress comprising a lower
panel of air-impermeable material, an upper panel and means for
supplying air to the space between the panels, the upper panel
having at least part of its area perforate and provided with
apertures whence conditioned air from the said space can issue and
so impinge on and pass around a patient lying on the mattress.
The upper panel can be of air permeable material, and thus be
effectively perforate over its entire surface or can be of an air
impermeable material and have a central area thereof provided with
apertures to render it air permeable.
By "conditioned air" is meant air which may be bacteria-free and of
a predetermined temperature and humidity.
Preferably the panels are generally rectangular and attached to
each other along lines parallel to the longitudinal edges of the
panels so as to divide up the interior of the mattress into a
plurality of inter-connected ribs.
Advantageously, the ribs comprise two pairs of side ribs and one or
two end ribs, disposed beneath the imperforate peripheral border of
the top panel, and a plurality of longitudinally extending central
ribs disposed beneath the central area of the top panel.
Conveniently, and to prevent the weight of a patient from
collapsing any of the central ribs completely, each central rib has
a spine of resilient material therein. Each such spine can extend
centrally of each central rib and so divide the rib into two air
supply channels along which air can pass even when the spine is
compressed by the weight of a patient.
The supply means can comprise a header manifold, disposed parallel
to but outside one end rib, or inside an end rib, and connected to
a supply of conditioned air, and two supply tubes, connected to the
manifold and one extending inside one of each pair of side ribs of
the mattress. When the manifold is disposed outside the mattress a
slot is provided at each end of the said one end rib to allow easy
entry of the tubes. Each tube has its end remote from the header
open, if a second end rib is provided, for supplying air to the
other end rib, and an aperture adjacent its manifold end for
supplying air to the one end rib.
Each tube is conveniently of foamed plastics material and extends
along an outer one of the respective pair of side ribs. Each inner
side rib can accommodate a resilient foam plastics cushioning
tube.
The side ribs are advantageously deeper than the central ribs so
that a recess is defined thereby beneath the central ribs, this
recess accommodating a resilient foam plastics material block. The
whole mattress can comprise an outer cover of air permeable textile
material such as cambric.
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein :
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, from above, of a preferred embodiment
of mattress conforming to the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a cross-section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line
II--II of FIG. 1.
A preferred embodiment of mattress 9 conforming to the invention
comprises upper and lower generally rectangular panels 10 and 11 of
flexible synthetic plastics material. The panels are attached to,
around their peripheries, for example by being integral or by being
welded or sewn. The panels 10 and 11 are attached together by a
plurality of longitudinally extending parallel seams, 12, each of
the seams 12 extending from a position near to but spaced apart
from one end of the mattress 9 to a position near to but spaced
from the other end of the mattress 9. It will thus be appreciated
that the seams 12 divide the mattress 10 into two pairs of
longitudinally extending side ribs 13, 14 and 15, 16 and a
plurality of longitudinally extending central ribs 17. The panel
has an end rib 18 and its other end 19 is generally flat. That
peripheral portion of the upper panel 10 which is above end rib 18,
and part 19 and side ribs 13, 14, 15, 16 is imperforate, as is the
entire lower panel 11, but a central area 20 of the upper panel 10
above the central ribs 17 is provided with a plurality of apertures
21 for a purpose which will be described later.
The end portion 19 and the other end portion adjacent are provided
with strips 26 of hook and pile material secured thereto to
facilitate attachment of the mattress 9 to a support, such as a
bed, having complementary strips.
Centrally and longitudinally of each central rib 17 extends a spine
22 of foamed plastics material, each spine 22 being of thickness
equal to about that thickness which the central ribs 17 would
assume if the mattress 9 was inflated.
Supply means of the mattress comprises a header manifold (not
shown) of length equal to about the width of the mattress 10 and
disposed inside end rib 18. An end portion 23 of the manifold
protrudes from one end of end rib 18. A pair of supply tubes 24, 25
of resilient foam plastics material, extend at right angles from
the manifold and are disposed inside side ribs 13 and 16. Resilient
foam plastics material cushioning tubes 27, 28 extend along side
ribs 14 and 15.
The side ribs 13, 14, 15, 16 are deeper than the ribs 17 and a
recess is thus defined beneath ribs 17 which can accommodate a
block 33 of resilient foamed plastics material as an extra support
for a patient on the mattress.
The tubes 24, 25 have their open free ends disposed adjacent end
portion 19 of the mattress, for supplying air thereto, and has an
aperture close to but spaced from its manifold end for supplying
air to the one end rib. The manifold is, in use, connected to a
supply of conditioned air, that is air which has its temperature
and humidity controlled and which may be bacteria free.
When a patient is supported by the mattress 9 and the supply of
conditioned air switched on, air issues from the apertures 21 in
the ribs 17 and ensures a plentiful supply of air to the patient's
body. Although the weight of the patient may tend to compress the
ribs 17 the spines 22 of foamed plastics material ensure, even when
they are fully compressed, that air channels 29 exist on each side
of the spines 22 so that air can still reach the patient. The
supply of air required is about 50 cubic feet of air per
minute.
In order that the mattress 9 is not contaminated by the patient the
mattress 9 is surrounded by an air-permeable mattress cover 30.
This cover 30 is in the form of a rectangular bag, an upper surface
31 of which is made from fine mesh so as to be readily permeable to
air issuing from the apertures 21 in the mattress 10, and the lower
surface 32 which is of a less permeable woven textile material. The
cover 30 protects the mattress 9 against contamination by the
patient but still allows air from the mattress 9 to contact and
flow around his body.
The invention is not limited to the precise details of the
foregoing description and variations can be made thereto within the
scope of the following claims. For example the configuration of the
ribs need not be as described and can be varied as desired into any
practical arrangement. The mattress need not comprise ribs but
could have a plurality of interconnected cells or pockets. The
mattress can be made from any air-impervious material such as
close-woven textile material or plastic.
As an alternative the upper panel can be made from air-permeable
material, for example a textile material and thus be effectively
perforate over its entire area.
The supply means need not be as described and the manifold can be
disposed outside and parallel to rib 18, a pair of slits in rib 18
allowing tubes 24, 25 to enter the side ribs 13, 16. The supply
means can comprise a plurality of air supply tubes connecting with
various points on the periphery or underside of the mattress. The
seams 12 can have gaps therein to allow air to pass more easily
from tubes 24, 25 to ribs 17.
The spines need not be continuous and each can comprise a plurality
of discrete portions of material spaced apart along each rib. Many
other variations are, of course, possible.
* * * * *