U.S. patent number 3,777,431 [Application Number 05/239,224] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-11 for erectable and disassemblable partition and panel therefor.
Invention is credited to Theodore Bowman.
United States Patent |
3,777,431 |
Bowman |
December 11, 1973 |
ERECTABLE AND DISASSEMBLABLE PARTITION AND PANEL THEREFOR
Abstract
A readily assemblable and disassemblable wall or partition,
consisting of a plurality of smooth faced rectangular panels, each
providing interlocking elements at the rear thereof so that the
smooth faces on each set of panels will together form one side of
the partition and the interlocking faces of the panels will
integrate both sides of the partition. The interlocking panels are
so arranged that each panel interlocks four adjacent quadrants of
four adjacent panels on the opposite side. The interlocking
elements comprise projections and recesses.
Inventors: |
Bowman; Theodore (Pittsburgh,
PA) |
Family
ID: |
22901176 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/239,224 |
Filed: |
March 29, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/562; 52/574;
52/604 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B
2/7401 (20130101); E04C 2/32 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04C
2/32 (20060101); E04B 2/74 (20060101); E04c
001/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;52/562,563,566,568,570,574,536,564,565,567,569,270,284,598,571,572,561,424,427
;46/25,24,31,30 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Faw, Jr.; Price C.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive privilege or
property is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A partition panel having an exterior surface on one side and a
securement surface on the other side; said securement surface
having at least one projection extending out of said securement
surface and having at least one recess into said securement
surface;
said projection and said recess being shaped complementary to each
other in a manner such that said projection could be securely mated
with and interfitted into said depression;
said securement surface having two identical separate projections
and both said projections having corresponding sides; said
projection corresponding sides being oriented parallel to each
other;
said securement surface having two idential said recesses, and said
recesses having corresponding sides; said recess corresponding
sides being oriented parallel to each other;
said panel securement surface has substantially identically-shaped
quadrants; within each of one opposite pair of quadrants is
positioned a said projection and within each of the other opposite
pair of quadrants is positioned a said recess.
2. The partition panel of claim 1, wherein said panel is
rectangular and said quadrants divide said panel into four equal
size rectangles.
3. The partition panel of claim 2, wherein each said projection and
each said recess is rectangularly shaped.
4. The partition panel of claim 2, wherein each said projection and
each said recess is centrally positioned in its respective said
quadrant.
5. An erectable and disassemblable partition including a plurality
of said panels of claim 1, with a first plurality of said panels
having their respective said securement surfaces facing the
respective said securement surfaces of another said plurality of
said panels;
each said projection of a first said panel in the said first
plurality engaging in a cooperating said recess of a different
respective one of said panels of the other said plurality of panels
and each said recess of said first panel being in mating engagement
with a cooperating said projection of yet a still different
respective said panel of the other said plurality of panels.
6. The partition of claim 5, wherein the said securement surface of
one said panel interlocks with four adjacent quadrants on the said
securement surfaces of four said panels in the other said plurality
of panels.
7. The partition of claim 6, wherein the said interlocking occurs
due to each said projection on said panel being entered into a said
recess and due to each said recess on said panel receiving a said
projection.
8. The partition of claim 7, wherein a recessed and covered
fastening device is provided and secures the adjacent corners of
four adjacent said panels in one said plurality of panels to the
center of a said panel in the other plurality of panels.
9. The partition of claim 7, in which an additional half-sized
panel is provided along one side of said partition adjacent an edge
of said partition; said half-size panel including only two of said
quadrants next to each other, with one said quadrant having a said
projection and the other said quadrant having a said recess.
10. The partition of claim 9, in which an additional quarter-size
panel is provided on one side of said partition in a corner of said
partition; said quarter-size panel including only one said quadrant
and said quarter-size panel having only one of a said recess and a
said projection for cooperating respectively with one said
projection and said recess on the other said plurality of panels
with which said quarter-panel is interlocked.
Description
The present invention relates to a partition system suitable for
either partial or full, floor to ceiling arrangement, which is
assembled from a plurality of interlocking one piece molded cast or
otherwise fabricated rectangular panels. The partitions require no
studs and can be quickly assembled or disassembled with a minimum
of skill. The largest panel is of a size such as 16 inches .times.
16 inches or 15 inches .times. 15 inches so that the pieces to make
up the wall can be readily handled.
The panels may be made of any suitable material. A cement or a
plastic cementious mix of sufficient density to create structurally
sound wall units to make up a wall capable of being load bearing.
The front of each panel is smooth, but may have any functional
device or decorative arrangement or embossment. In the event of
change in decor or in the event of damage to a portion of the
partition, a single panel can readily be removed and replaced
without affecting the structural integrity of the partition and
without requiring modifications of either side of the
partition.
Essentially the invention contemplates a plurality of panels which
have both recessed and raised portions on their rear side in such
manner that any one panel will interlock with from one to four
panels. In the case of one panel interlocking with four, each
quadrant of each panel on one side will interlock with a quadrant
of a panel on the other side of the partition. In no case will the
joints, vertical and horizontal, on one side of the wall be aligned
with the joint on the other side of the partition or wall except of
course at the edges top and bottom of the partition.
Since the partition should be finished on both sides whether or not
the partition extends from the floor to the ceiling, it will thus
be obvious that half panels must be provided that have the full
horizontal dimensions but only half the vertical dimension (as
viewed when used in a horizontal mode) so that the half panels will
each interlock with two horizontally adjacent panels.
It is also obvious that quarter panels must also be provided that
will have half the horizontal and half the vertical dimension so
that the quarter panel will interlock with one panel located at the
top or bottom of the end of a partition equal in height to some
multiple of the basic full module.
Thus, in any single partition which is, for instance 90 inches
high, assuming the utilization of 15 inch panels, one side of the
partition will have six full panels in any vertical run while the
other side of the partition will have five full vertical panels and
one half panel at the bottom and top of each run. The same will be
true horizontally; at the lower and upper corners, a quarter panel
will be used as shown.
It is therefore the primary object of this invention to provide a
modular wall partition which may readily be assembled and
disassembled and which consists of a plurality of panels with the
rear of each panel provided with interlocking raised and recessed
portions so that any one panel will interlock with a plurality or
adjacent panels forming the opposite surface of the wall so that
when the wall or partition is completed, all of the panels therein
interlock with each other.
The foregoing and many other objects of this invention will become
apparent in the following description and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a view in perspective, showing on the right side, the
inner surface of a completed partition wall and on the left side a
wall in process of erection.
FIG. 2 is a view in elevation of the rear or securement side of one
of the full size panels which is utilized to make up the partitions
of FIG. 1. The half panels at the bottom and top of the inner
surface of the partition on the left side of FIG. 1, constitute
simply a bottom half or top half of the structure shown in FIG. 2.
The quarter panels shown at the rear of the inner surface of the
partition on the left side of FIG. 1, constitute simply a corner
quadrant of the structure shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3--3 of FIG. 2,
looking in the direction of the arrows.
FIG. 4 is a vertical view in cross-section taken on line 4--4 of
FIG. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.
FIG. 5 is a vertical view in cross-section taken on line 5--5 of
FIG. 1, and 5--5 of FIG. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows.
At this cross-sectional view it will be noted that the panels on
one side are seen edge-on while the panels on the other side of the
same partition are seen in cross-section.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the rear of four panels
interlocking with one panel, the front face of which shows. The
four quadrants of this one panel interlocks with a quadrant of each
of the other four panels.
Referring now to FIG. 1, the partition 20 and the partition 21 are
shown with partition 20 fully assembled and partition 21 in a stage
of partial assembly. It will be noted with respect to partition 20
that the inner or visible surface of the partition consists of a
series of panels 22, 23, 24 which are vertically arranged, the said
panels being repeated in adjacent vertical runs.
The opposite side of the partition 20 consists in each of its
vertical runs of full panels 25, 26, half panels 27, and quarter
panels 28. As will be seen by examining the partially completed
partition 21, the inner side or surface of the partition 21
corresponds to the outer or non visible side of partition 20. In
this case the full partition panels 25 and 26 in each vertical run
are clearly seen and the half partition panels 27 and the quarter
partition panels 28 are each clearly seen.
It will also be noted that in the partially completed partition 21,
partition panel 22 corresponds to the partition panels horizontally
adjacent to panel 22 of partition 20 and it will therefore be noted
that the partition panels 26 and 22 are so arranged that they
interlock. Each of the full size partition panels interlocks with
four partition panels on the other side of the wall.
Since the partition panels are of predetermined length it will be
obvious in order to achieve this interlock that half panels must be
used at the top and bottom of one side of the wall and that quarter
panels must be used in the corners of the same side of the portion
and that there are represented by the partition elements or half
modules and quarter modules 27 and 28 respectively on each
partition.
The essential element of this invention therefore resides in the
partition panels 25, 26, 27, and 28 and a full description thereof
will make it possible to determine just how these partition panels
are interlocked so that they support each other and form a wall
having a smooth exterior surface.
FIG. 2 shows a rear elevation view of one of the partition panels
showing its securement surface. FIG. 6 shows the face of one of the
panels at the center thereof and shows the rear of four partition
panels of the opposite side of the wall interlocked by the single
partition panel 25. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view,as already
mentioned showing various elements of the single partition panel
25. FIGS. 4 and 5 show the method of interlock. FIG. 6 shows the
set-up for interlocking the panels.
Hence, a preliminary description of a single partition panel
element 25 as shown in FIG. 2 and in the cross-sectional view of
FIG. 3 will make the interlocking method clear. Thereafter,
reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 will show the interlocking panels in
operation.
Referring now to FIG. 2, each partition panel 25 is as previously
described, separately made of a single homogeneous material such as
concrete or plastic cement of sufficient density to create a
structurally sound panel or with an integrally molded or attached
metal structure of sufficient strength so that when combined with
other panels will make up a load bearing partition.
Each panel has a peripheral surface which matches the peripheral
surface of the adjacent panel on the same side of the wall
contacting the same but with no interlocking element on the
partition panel interconnecting the same. Therefore, each partition
panel may be individually removed and replaced in the event of
damage or a desired change of decor or color scheme from say a
solid color wall to a wall having panels each of a different color.
Each panel provides within itself means for interengagement with
the partition panel on the opposite side. When the partition panels
are in place, the wall is completely integrated and a single
structural unit.
The partition panel 25 comprises preferably a single solid member
having in two diagonally opposite quadrants on the securement a
raised portion or projection 29, and in the remaining quadrants on
the securement surface a sunken or recessed portion 30. The
opposite face is smooth or may be texturally patterned. The
recessed portion 30 is the reverse or complement of the raised
portion 29, so that when in proper juxtaposition they will mate
neatly and thus not permit any lateral movement. In the illustrated
preferred embodiment, both the projection 29 and recess 30 are
rectangularly shaped and the corresponding sides of both
projections and of both recesses are all parallel.
The recessed parts 30 will receive the projecting elements 29 so
that the arrangement indicated in FIG. 1, and more clearly in FIG.
4 and FIG. 6 can be completed with each panel abutting the rear and
being securable with respect to the rear of four panels on the
other side of the same partition, except for the bottom, top, and
side runs of panels of the left side FIG. 1, in which case the
intersection of the half panels is with two adjacent panels on the
other side; and in the case of corners of the same partition in
which case the quarter panel is with one panel on the other
side.
It will thus be seen that a complete wall partition may be
assembled by arranging the series of panels so that the rear of any
one panel on one side intersects with the rear of four panels on
the other side, each of the panels being placed in position
sequentially.
As the wall is being erected in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 and
FIG. 6, the panels are secured and the structure integrated by the
placement of a bolt 31 and washer 32 and threading the bolt into
the screw sleeve 33 mounted or imbedded in the center of each
panel, and open to the rear or by an appropriate fastening device
securing each of the four corners of each panel to the rear center
of the panel on the other side of the partition. The fastening
device is then covered with a piece 34 made to enclose the device
for appearance and practical reasons.
It will be obvious that the various panels may be inserted
sequentially as indicated on the left side of FIG. 1, in order to
form a partition. In the case where the panels are cut to size to
fit an existing room, which is not dimensionally proportioned to
the panel spacing, a two-piece capping rail equal in width to the
entire double thickness may be used. Each piece is essentially L
shaped, and a pair may be placed together to form a U shaped cap
for the raw edge of the wall.
By this means therefore a simplified partition is provided which
presents an erectable and disassemblable partition in which the
visible walls are smooth, being composed of 15 inches, more or
less, squares which are self supporting, in which each of the
panels forming one of the squares of a partition cooperate and
support adjacent quadrants of four similar panels on the opposite
wall.
Although the partition is thus integrated, solid and strong, it may
readily be disassembled merely by removing the screws or fasteners
31 or 32 as the case may be, any individual panels being removable
simply by removing the particular screws or fasteners which hold it
in place without affecting the structure of the wall. Thus a
partition which is damaged or which is intended to have a different
color scheme may be modified by inserting a new panel or panels in
place of an existing panel or panels without affecting the
structure of the partition.
Also, if it is necessary to move the partition for any reason, the
partition as a whole may readily be disassembled and reassembled at
the new or moved location. This makes it possible very readily to
enlarge cubicles or rooms and to change the arrangement of cubicles
or rooms. A corner office for instance, which was regarded as of
the proper size by one occupant, may readily be enlarged by moving
the wall at the expense, of course, of decreasing the size of an
adjacent room.
In the foregoing, this invention has been described in connection
with preferred illustrative embodiments thereof. Since many
variations and modifications of this invention will now be obvious
to those skilled in the art, it is preferred that the scope of this
invention be defined not by the specific disclosures herein
contained but only by the appended claims.
* * * * *