U.S. patent number 3,777,158 [Application Number 05/217,599] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-04 for corona discharge device for electrophotography.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Haruo Fujii, Nin-ichi Kamogawa, Tohru Uchida.
United States Patent |
3,777,158 |
Kamogawa , et al. |
December 4, 1973 |
CORONA DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY
Abstract
Corona discharge devices for electrophotography, comprising
means to control the flow of the ion wind (which is understood to
be an air stream induced by ion flow) so as to exhaust the same
through an opening other than that where the photosensitive paper
is charged, and to prevent blowing of the ion wind against the
paper. Alternatively means are provided for preventing the ion wind
from flowing out of the charging opening.
Inventors: |
Kamogawa; Nin-ichi (Tokyo,
JA), Fujii; Haruo (Tokyo, JA), Uchida;
Tohru (Tokyo, JA) |
Assignee: |
Konishiroku Photo Industry Co.,
Ltd. (Tokyo, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
11482576 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/217,599 |
Filed: |
January 13, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
250/324;
361/229 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03G
15/0258 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G03G
15/02 (20060101); G03g 015/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;250/49.5GC,49.5ZC,49.5TC ;317/262A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lindquist; William F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A corona discharge device for electrophotography having corona
discharge electrodes for charging of a photosensitive paper spaced
therefrom, comprising a plurality of plate means encompassing said
electrodes on three sides thereof in a generally U-shaped
arrangement, said plate means including a conductive back plate
behind the electrodes and a pair of side plates flanking said
electrodes extending from said back plate so as to define a first
opening along the surface of said photosensitive paper facing the
electrodes, second openings formed between said back plate and said
pair of side plates, said side plates each including diverging and
rearwardly extending elongate baffle plate means adjacent said
second openings projecting in directions away from said
photosensitive paper, said conductive back plate being positioned
at a shorter distance from said electrodes than the distance
between the latter and the photosensitive paper so as to cause an
ion wind generated by an electric field within the device, upon a
high voltage being supplied to said electrodes, to flow toward said
back plate and through said second openings along said baffle
plates, said baffle plates preventing return flow of said ion wind
egressing from said second openings toward said first opening and
said photosensitive paper.
2. A corona discharge device as claimed in claim 1, comprising hood
means fastened to the divergent rearmost ends of said baffle plates
so as to form an enclosed space therewith, said hood means having
an outlet aperture; and suction fan means being positioned in said
outlet aperture so as to aspirate said ion wind through said second
openings.
Description
This invention is concerned with improvements in corona discharge
devices for electrophotography. In the art of electrophotography
using resin-bound zinc oxide photosensitive paper, it is a common
practice to fix the dust image which is adhered upon the
photosensitive paper at the stage of development following charging
and imagewise exposure. In contrast to this, there has been
proposed a new method also using resin-bound zinc oxide
photosensitive paper, wherein the dust image formed on the
photosensitive paper by development is transferred to an ordinary
paper, while the resin-bound zinc oxide photosensitive paper is
cleaned for repeated use. This method has a defect that the
resin-bound zinc oxide photosensitive paper is degraded after being
used several times and so it is limited in durability.
The major reason for the above-mentioned disadvantage is considered
to be due to the fact that a so-called "ion wind" which is
generated at the time of charging in the copying process is
directed to the photosensitive paper. This it should be understood,
is an air stream induced by ion flow.
The present invention has for its object to prevent the ion wind
from blowing at the photosensitive paper so that the paper can be
used many times.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference
to the accompanying drawings, wherein
FIGS. 1(a), 1(b) and 1(c) show a conventional charging device,
constituting the state of the prior art, in a structural
arrangement, in a schematic illustration, as well as with the wind
distribution prevailing therein;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of
ion wind in respect of the obtained surface potential and the
amount of exposure;
FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show a first, exemplary embodiment of an
improved corona discharge device according to the invention, in
views similar to those of FIG. 1(a ) and 1(b);
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a second exemplary
embodiment, in an illustration similar to that of FIG. 3(b);
and
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment, with details similar to those of
FIGS. 1(b), 3(b) and 4.
In order to make this invention easily understandable, an
explanation will be given first with respect to a conventional
corona discharge device for electrophotography.
FIG. 1(a) shows a conventional charging device for
electrophotography. Numeral 21 in the drawing is a shield plate of
a U-shaped conductor and has an opening in one side 22. Insulating
blocks 23a and 23b are fixed at both ends of the shield 21. Screws
24a and 24b are set to the insulating blocks 23a and 23b
respectively. A corona discharging wire 25 is kept with tension at
its ends between the screws 24a and 24b. Through a conductor rod 26
and the screw 24a, high voltage is supplied to initiate corona
discharge.
The corona discharge device faces, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), an
electro-photosensitive paper 1 to effect the charging of its
surface. A power supply 27 supplies high voltage to the discharging
wire 25. The shield 21 and the back of the photosensitive paper 1
are grounded. While corona discharge occurs, ion wind (that is an
air stream induced by ion flow) blows in the direction shown by
arrow 28.
This wind is produced by the fact that ions which are generated by
the corona discharge drift to collide with gas molecules which in
turn move in the direction of the propelled ions. When gas flows
out through the opening 22, in side air flows from outside into the
less discharged area, that is, the approximity proximity of the
insulating blocks 23a and 23b, in order to balance atmospheric
pressure.
Wind distribution at corona discharge is shown in FIG. 1 (c). The
arrows in the figure show the directions and velocities of the
wind. Though ions as such are not contained in this wind, it is
called an ion wind as it is produced by the ions. A fairly large
amount of ozone and nascent-state oxygen are contained in this ion
wind.
If resin-bound zinc oxide photosensitive paper is repeatedly used
or exposed to ion wind, fog is increased on the copied image as the
result of permanent degradation of said paper.
Furthermore, it became known that ion wind has an adverse effect on
the sensitivity of the photosensitive paper. FIG. 2 shows this
action. In this drawing a shows the surface potential of
photosensitive paper with maximum ion wind, c shows the surface
potential of the paper with minimum ion wind, and b shows the
surface potential of the paper with an amount of ion wind
intermediate respective values a and b. The more is the amount of
the ion wind, the less is the drop of the surface potential due to
exposure; that is, sensitivity decreases.
The problems owing to the above effect are twofold. First, the
sensitivity itself of photosensitive paper decreases. Second, a
uniform image can not be obtained. That is, if there is an air
current which disturbs the ion wind near the charging and exposing
parts of the copying machine, the sensitivity of the photosensitive
paper would be decreased non-uniformly according to the disturbed
ion wind, and, as a result, a uniform copied image is not obtained.
Generally, an electrophotographic copying machine of this kind has
many air current generating parts, for example developing means,
cleaning means and copy paper detaching means.
Especially around the charging and exposure means air current is
produced, disturbing the ion wind, by the cooling fan which is used
to prevent the heat, generated by a light source for original
illumination, from overheating the usual glass plate which supports
the original paper. In order to prevent the untoward effects due to
ion wind, it is necessary to prevent ion wind from blowing at the
photosensitive paper.
This invention provides an improved corona discharge device for
electrophotography which can effect the discharge without the
blowing of the ion wind against photosensitive paper. FIGS. 3(a)
and 3(b) show a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
A U-shaped shield 30 is made of conductive material, e.g.,
aluminum, and is composed of back plate 31, and right and left side
plates 32a and 32b. The side plates 33a and 33b are insulating
blocks that are fixed to both ends of the shield 30. At 34 is shown
a corona discharge wire which is extended inside the shield 30, and
35 is a first discharge opening.
Second openings 36a and 36b are provided on the side plates 32a and
32b respectively. Outside these side plates are fixed insulating
plates 37a, 37b that are made of, for example, acrylic resin, in
such a manner that they do not cover up the second openings 36a and
36b. On the other hand, the insulating plates 37a and 37b are fixed
with conductive plates 38a and 38b, respectively. The plates 38a
38b have bent ends 39a, and 39b and 40a, 40b, respectively. As
shown in the drawings, the bent ends 39a and 39b form diverging and
rearwardly projecting baffles extending from, respectively, plates
38a and 38b. The important function of these baffles lies in
preventing ion winds which flow through second openings 36a and 36b
from returning exteriorly of the device. In the absence of these
baffles, the ion winds would merely flow back along the outside of
plates 38a and 38b and enter the first opening along the
photo-sensitive paper 1 in the direction of arrow B. This would
produce the same undesirable effects as the prior art structure in
FIGS. 1a to 1c.
The side plates 32a, 32b the insulating plates 37a , and 37b are
notched at 41a and 41b 37a is broken away in FIG. 3(a) so that the
conductive plates 38a and 38b directly face inside the box made of
the shield 30 and the insulating blocks 33a, 33b.
When the above-mentioned corona discharge device is positioned, as
shown in FIG. 3(b) against the photosensitive paper 1 and high
voltage is supplied to the discharge wire 34 by a high voltage
supply 42, corona discharge takes place. Thus the photosensitive
paper is charged and at the same time ion wind is generated as
explained previously.
By blowing this ion wind outwardly through the second openings 36a
and 36b as shown by the arrows A in FIG. 3(b), and by making outer
air to flow inwardly, through the first opening 35 as shown by the
arrows B, it is possible to prevent the ion wind from blowing
against the photosensitive paper 1.
In this example, in order to make the ion wind flow as stated just
above, the distance from the discharge wire 34 to the
photosensitive paper 1 is made larger than that from the discharge
wire 34 to the back plate 31 (actually they are 10mm and 8mm,
respectively).
Therefore, an electric field is created inside the device so that
when the high voltage is supplied to the discharge wire 34, the ion
wind flows more to the back plate 31 than to the photosensitive
paper 1. In this way, the ion wind produced by the corona current
is discharged through the second openings 36a and 36b.
The conductive plates 38a and 38b prevent the ion wind, blown out
of the second opening, from flowing back to the first opening 35. A
part of the corona current reaches the plates 38a and 38b through
the openings 41a and a 41b, and voltage is generated on these
plates 38a and 38b. Therefore, the plates absorb floating dust by
electrostatic attraction and the floating dust is prevented from
attaching to the discharge wire 34.
FIG. 4 depicts another example of this invention. Numeral 60 is a
discharge wire. A shield which surrounds the discharge wire 60 from
three sides is composed of a back plate 61 and side plates 62a and
62b. 63 is a first opening for charging (admitting) 64a and 64b are
second openings for exhausting the ion wind, 66a and 66b are plates
which prevent the ion wind from flowing back, and 65 is a power
supply. The plates 66a and 66b also form baffles providing the same
essential function as the plates 38a and 38b in FIG. 3b.
While in the example of FIG. 3 the insulating plates 37a and 37b
are fixed to the side plates 32a and 32b, in the second example no
insulating plate is used. Also in this example, however, the
electric field in the corona discharge device is arranged so that
the ion wind is exhausted through the second openings 64a and
64b.
FIG. 5 shows still another example of this invention. In this
figure, 72 is a discharge wire. A shield which surrounds the
discharge wire 72 from three directions is composed of a back plate
70 and side plates 71a and 71b. 73 is a first opening for charging
(introducing) 74a and 74b are second openings for exhausting the
ion wind, and 75 is a duct the under-edges of which are fixed to
side plates 71a and 71b. 76 is a suction fan and 77 is a high
voltage supply.
In this example, by blowing out the ion wind by the suction fan 76,
the ion wind is prevented from flowing through the first opening 73
for charging and blowing against the photosensitive paper 1.
The devices of the present invention, as stated previously, work
extremely advantageously with resin-bound zinc oxide photosensitive
paper, and in addition, they work better to prevent bad-smelling
gas from being produced. It is to be recognized that the formation
of such bad-smelling gas as ozone is a serious problem when a
copying machine using a corona discharge device is used for a long
time in a small room.
Even though the production of such gas is inherent to corona
charging, it is possible to decrease the produced ozone to a
certain amount by making it flow through a chemical or thermal
filter.
Because the ion wind, as stated previously, blows against the
photosensitive paper in a conventional corona discharge device, it
is impossible to have a filter in front of the photosensitive
paper. Therefore, it is quite difficult to filter the ion wind
before it diffuses. Because of this there has not been any
effective means to prevent the diffusion of ozone from a copying
machine.
But this invention exhausts the ion wind from the second openings,
it confines the passing route of the ion wind after exhaustion, and
filters the ion wind before its diffusion, so it effectively
dissolves the problem of such bad-smelling gas as ozone which is
produced in a copying machine.
* * * * *