U.S. patent number 3,773,233 [Application Number 05/101,773] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-20 for self-closing dispenser.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Phoenix Closures, Inc.. Invention is credited to Augustine A. Souza.
United States Patent |
3,773,233 |
Souza |
November 20, 1973 |
SELF-CLOSING DISPENSER
Abstract
This disclosure relates to a self-closing dispenser comprising a
dispenser body defining a generally elongated passage having exit
and entrance end portions, the body being molded from synthetic
polymeric material and including two diametrically opposite
relatively rigid and immovable upstanding posts, and a pair of
resilient concavely outwardly opening walls extending laterally
between the posts and axially between the passage exit and entrance
end portions. Due to the (1) concave configuration of the resilient
walls, (2) the heavier and more rigid posts, and (3) the molding of
the dispenser from heated polymeric material, the exit end portion
of the dispensing passage is held intimately sealed and though
openable during pressurized product flow, will because of items (1)
through (3) return to its normally sealed condition.
Inventors: |
Souza; Augustine A. (San Jose,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Phoenix Closures, Inc.
(Chicago, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22286323 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/101,773 |
Filed: |
December 28, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/490 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
47/2031 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
47/04 (20060101); B65D 47/20 (20060101); B65d
005/74 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/92,107,213,494,490
;137/525.1 ;264/237 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Coleman; Samuel F.
Assistant Examiner: Stack, Jr.; Norman L.
Claims
I claim:
1. A dispenser comprising a dispenser body defining a generally
elongated passage having exit and entrance end portions, said body
being molded from synthetic polymeric material and including two
diametrically opposite relatively rigid immovable upstanding posts
each having first and second end portions adjacent said respective
exit and entrance end portions thereby imparting rigidity to said
body at diametrically opposite sides thereof, a pair of resilient
walls defining said passage, said pair of walls extending laterally
between said posts and axially between said exit and entrance end
portions, said pair of walls at said entrance end portion each
being of an outwardly opening concave configuration, said pair of
walls at said exit end portion having inner planar surfaces in
total contacting relationship in a common plane whereby upon the
flow of a pressurized product from said entrance end portion to
said exit end portion said inner planar surfaces progressively open
as said resilient walls expand while upon the termination of
pressurized product flow said inner plane surfaces progressively
close to produce a planar seal therebetween and said pair of
resilient walls are of an appreciably thinner cross-sectional
thickness than said posts whereby upon cooling of said body after
the molding thereof tensile forces are set up in said pair of walls
which, due to the rigidity of said pair of posts, maintain said
inner planar surfaces in intimate planar contacting relationship
prior to and after pressurized product flow.
2. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 wherein said passage exit
end portion terminates in a straight line slit-like normally closed
opening normal to said pair of posts and in said common plane.
3. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 wherein said pair of
resilient walls each have a cross-sectional thickness narrowing in
a direction from said entrance end portion toward said exit end
portion.
4. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 including a container body
integrally molded with said dispenser body, said dispenser body
being of an injection molded construction, and said container body
being of a blow molded construction.
5. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 wherein said pair of posts
each have an axially terminal outer end wall, and a pair of
resilient walls project axially beyond said post terminal end
walls.
6. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 wherein at least one of said
posts includes handle means for manually gripping said dispenser
incident to a dispensing operation.
7. The dispenser as defined in claim 1 wherein said pair of posts
each have an axially terminal outer end wall, said pair of
resilient walls have axial terminal ends projecting axially beyond
said post terminal end walls, and said resilient wall terminal ends
are closed by a homogeneous molded walls portion therebetween
whereby removal of said last-mentioned wall portion is required to
form an opening at said passage exit end portion.
8. A dispenser comprising a dispenser body defining a generally
elongated passage having exit and entrance end portions, said body
being molded from synthetic polymeric material, a pair of resilient
walls defining said passage, said pair of walls extending axially
between said exit and entrance end portions, said pair of walls at
said entrance end portion each being of an outwardly opening
concave configuration, said pair of walls at said exit end portion
having inner planar surfaces in total contacting relationship in a
common plane whereby upon the flow of a pressurized product from
said entrance end portion to said exit end portion said inner
planar surfaces progressively open as said resilient walls expand
while upon the termination of pressurized product flow said inner
planar surfaces progressively close to produce a planar seal
therebetween and said pair of resilient walls are of an appreciably
thinner cross-sectional thickness than said posts whereby upon
cooling of said body after the molding thereof tensile forces are
set up in said pair of walls which, due to the rigidity of said
pair of posts, maintain said inner planar surfaces in intimate
planar contacting relationship prior to and after pressurized
product flow.
9. The dispenser as defined in claim 8 wherein said pair of
resilient walls each have a cross-sectional thickness narrowing in
a direction from said entrance end portion toward said exit end
portion.
Description
The present invention is directed to a dispenser for viscous
material which may be constructed in the form of a dispenser cap
adapted for securement to an associated container or as an integral
one-piece dispenser cap and container body. In either case the
containers are constructed from resilient material such that manual
pressure against the container body will collapse the wall or walls
thereof resulting in the internal pressurization of the product and
the dispensing thereof through a passage of the dispenser. As thus
far described, such dispensers are relatively well known, and in
most cases efforts are made to construct the dispensers such that
upon the release of manual pressure the passage thereof will
automatically close to thereafter prevent inadvertent and/or
accidental product discharge until such time as manual pressure is
once again intentionally applied thereto.
Unfortunately, most efforts in this area have resulted in
dispensers which are either extremely complicated from a
manufacturing and/or operational viewpoint or are not self-sealing
or closing though professing to be so.
In accordance with this invention, a dispenser is provided having a
dispenser body defining a generally elongated passage having exit
and entrance end portions, the body being molded from synthetic
polymeric material and including two diametrically opposite
relatively rigid immovable upstanding posts, the passage being
defined by a pair of resilient walls extending laterally between
the posts and axially between the exit and entrance end portions,
the pair of walls at the entrance end portion each being of an
outwardly opening concave configuration, and the pair of walls at
the exit end portion having inner planar surfaces in total
contacting planar relationship whereby due to (1) the construction
of the dispenser from heated thermoplastic material, (2) the more
rigid nature of the posts as compared to the resilient walls, (3)
the concave configuration of the resilient walls, and (4) the
greater shrinkage during cooling inherent in the resilient walls as
compared to the rigid posts, the passage exit end portion remains
closed with the inner surfaces of the resilient walls in intimate
planar contacting relationship prior to and after pressurized
product flow.
A further object of this invention is to provide a novel dispenser
of the type described wherein the pair of posts each have axially
terminal outer end walls, the pair of resilient walls have axial
terminal ends projecting axially beyond the post terminal end
walls, and the resilient wall terminal ends are closed by a
homogeneous molded wall portion therebetween whereby removal of the
last-mentioned wall portion is required to form an opening at the
passage exit end portion incident to a dispensing operation.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a novel
dispenser of the type mentioned wherein at least one of the posts
includes handle means for manually gripping the dispenser incident
to a dispensing operation.
Another object of this invention is to provide a novel dispenser of
the type aforesaid wherein the dispenser body includes a reinforced
peripheral skirt having means internally thereof for securing the
dispenser to a container in such a manner as to produce axial
forces tending to further rigidify the pair of posts and prevent
radial inward deflection during pressurized product flow.
With the above and other objects in view that will hereinafter
appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood
by reference to the following detailed description, the appended
claimed subject matter, and the several views illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a novel self-closing
dispenser constructed in accordance with this invention, and
illustrates two diametrically opposite rigid and immovable
upstanding posts spanned by a pair of thinner walls defining a
dispensing passage having axially opposite entrance and exit end
portions.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of the dispenser of FIG.
1, and illustrates the manner in which manual pressure applied to a
container body thereof causes the opening of the passage exit end
portion.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the dispenser of
FIGS. 1 and 2 with a portion thereof broken away and removed for
clarity, and illustrates the manner in which axial terminal ends of
the resilient walls project beyond ends of the posts.
FIG. 4 is a slightly enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken
generally along line 4--4 of FIG. 3, and illustrates a relatively
large planar seal formed by inner wall surfaces of the resilient
walls, with the latter being normally closed prior to a dispensing
operation.
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the dispenser taken generally along
line 5--5 of FIG. 3 after terminal ends of the resilient walls have
been removed, and illustrates the passage exit end portion
terminating in a straight line slit-like normally closed opening
normal to the pair of posts and in an axial plane of the
dispenser.
FIG. 6 is a bottom plan view of the dispenser, and illustrates the
passage in its open condition when manual pressure has been applied
to the container, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary side elevational view of another dispenser
constructed in accordance with this invention with a portion
thereof broken away and removed for clarity, and illustrates each
of a pair of diametrically opposite rigid upstanding posts having
handle means for manually gripping the dispenser incident to a
dispensing operation.
FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the dispenser of FIG. 7, and
illustrates the partial removal of terminal ends of a pair of
resilient walls for forming a slit-like opening of a passage of the
dispenser.
FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view of another dispenser constructed
in accordance with this invention, and illustrates the dispenser as
including an integrally molded container body having a normally
open lower end, shown in phantom outline, which is subsequently
sealed after a dispensable product has been packaged therein.
A novel dispenser constructed in accordance with this invention is
illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 6 of the drawing, and is generally
designated by the reference numeral 10. The dispenser 10 includes a
dispenser body (unnumbered) constructed from polymeric or
copolymeric thermoplastic material, such as polypropylene,
polyethylene or the like, and is formed by conventional
injection-molding techniques. However, due to the specific design
of the dispenser 10 to be described more fully hereinafter the
formation of the dispenser 10 by injection-molding assures
self-sealing characteristics, as will appear more apparent
hereinafter.
The dispenser 10 includes a relatively rigid peripheral skirt 11
(FIGS. 3 and 4) having an inwardly directed circumferential locking
bead 12 for securing the dispenser 10 upon a separately formed
container C having a body B constructed from flexible, deformable
and reboundable material which preferably though not necessarily is
synthetic plastic and may be considered to be a conventional
"squeeze-type" container. The bead 12 interlocks in an outwardly
opening circumferential groove 13 of the container C. The groove 13
includes an uppermost annular shoulder 15 spaced a distance D1 from
an uppermost lip 16 which is greater than the distance D2 between
an undersurface 17 of the dispenser 10 and an upwardly facing
annular shoulder 18 of the bead 12 prior to seating the dispenser
10 upon the container C or, stated another way, prior to
interlocking the bead 12 of the dispenser 10 with the groove 13.
Thus, due to the lesser dimension D2 prior to the application of
the dispenser 10 upon the container C as compared to the distance
D1, the peripheral skirt 11 is placed in axial tension when seated
upon the container C, for a purpose which will be more apparent
hereinafter.
The dispenser 10 includes an annular upwardly facing surface or
shoulder 20 which merges smoothly with the peripheral skirt 11 and
a pair of diametrically opposite relatively rigid immovable
upstanding posts 22, 23. The post 22 includes upwardly converging
side edges 24, 25 terminating at a terminal end wall 26. An
exterior surface 27 of the post 22 between the side edges 24, 25 is
of a generally convex configuration while a pair of inboard
surfaces 28, 30 are generally uniplanar and lie in a common plane
while converging downwardly toward the annular shoulder 20, as is
best illustrated in FIG. 1. The post 23 likewise includes side
edges 31, 32 converging upwardly and terminating at a terminal end
wall 33. An outermost surface 34 of the post 23 is likewise of a
generally convex configuration while inboard surfaces 35, 36 are
uniplanar and in a common plane while converging downwardly in a
direction toward the annular shoulder 20. as best illustrated in
FIG. 2.
A pair of resilient walls 40, 41 are positioned between the posts
22, 23 and extend from the shoulder 20 upwardly toward and beyond
the terminal end walls 26, 33 of the respective posts 22, 23, as is
best illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawing. The walls 40, 41
define a dispensing passage, generally designated by the reference
numeral 42 having an entrance end portion 43 and an exit end
portion 44 which terminates in a straight line slit-like normally
closed opening 45 (FIG. 1) which lies in an axial plane normal to
the inboard walls or surfaces 28, 30 and 35, 36 of the respective
posts 22, 23. The walls 40, 41 are appreciably thinner in cross
section than the more rigid and immovable posts 22, 23, as is
readily apparent from a comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4, and each of
the walls 40, 41 preferably has a cross-sectional wall thickness
which progressively thins in a direction away from the annular
shoulder 20 toward the exit end portion 44 and the slit-like
opening 45 of the passage 42.
In the as-molded condition of the dispenser 10, which is
illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the walls 40, 41 include lower
portions 46, 47, respectively, adjacent the entrance end portion 43
of the passage 42 which curve concavely outwardly and merge with
generally uniplanar parallel wall portions 48, 50 adjacent the exit
end portion 44 of the passage 42 with inner surfaces (unnumbered)
of the wall portions 48, 50 defining a planar seal or sealing area
of a substantial axial length indicated by the dimension D3 in FIG.
4. Moreover, in the as-molded condition the walls 40, 41 have a
common terminal end 51 which projects axially beyond the end walls
26, 33 of the respective posts 22, 23 and beyond an uppermost
terminal edge 42 of the exit end portion 44. Due to the latter
construction, the common portion 51 of the walls 40, 41 can be
removed by scissors, a knife or the like along a plane common to
the end walls 26, 33 to form the slit 45 incident to a dispensing
operation. In this manner, access to a packaged product (not shown)
within the container C is impossible during storage and/or
shipment, and contamination thereof is completely precluded. The
common wall 51 may, of course, be provided with score lines, lines
of perforation, or similar weakening lines 53, 54 for removing the
common wall 51 by simply manually grasping and tearing the same
along the weakening lines 53, 54 thereby avoiding the use of
scissors, knives or similar ancillary cutting tools.
Due to the construction of the dispenser 10 by an injection molding
process or any similar processes utilizing hot thermoplastic
material, the walls 40, 41 which are appreciably thinner than the
posts 22, 23 shrink more rapidly and to a greater extent than the
shrinkage of the more massive or thicker posts 22, 23. This
differential in shrinkage sets up tensile forces T (FIG. 3) in the
walls 40, 41 which tend to hold the inner surfaces (unnumbered) of
the wall portions 48, 50 in intimate contacting relationship along
the exit end portion 44 of the passage 42. This intimate sealing
contact is also augmented by the concave configuration of the wall
portions 46, 47 and, finally, due to the axial tensile forces set
up in the peripheral skirt 11 due to the dimensions D1, D2 the
posts 22, 23 are further rigidified and the tendency of the same to
deform or deflect radially inwardly is virtually precluded. Thus,
the dispenser in its normal state (FIGS. 1 and 3 through 5) is
self-sealing by virtue of the four factors heretofore enumerated
and the seal achieved is of a generally planar configuration having
an axial length corresponding to the dimension D3 and a diametric
length equal to the distance across the passage exit portion 44
substantially between the posts 22, 23, as indicated by the
cross-hatched area A in FIG. 3.
Incident to a dispensing operation the common wall 51 of the walls
40, 41 is removed in the manner heretofore described, and the
container body B is manually compressed, as shown in FIG. 2,
resulting in the internal pressurization of the product (not shown)
and the progressive movement thereof through the passage 42 and
outwardly of the slit-like opening 45. During the movement of the
product the walls 40, 41 progressively spread and open in an upward
direction until the wall portions 48, 50 are fully open breaking
the seal A and permitting the dispensing of the product through the
now fully open opening 45 (FIG. 2). When a desired amount of the
product has been dispensed the body B is released and inherently
returns to its normal position as internal pressure decreases. Upon
this decrease in internal pressure the normal tensile forces T in
the walls 40, 41 as well as the additional tensile forces set up
therein when the walls stretch return the walls 40, 41 to the
normal position thereof (FIG. 4) with any material in the passage
42 being extruded or forced downwardly in the passage 42 for
eventual return into the container C. Obviously, not all of the
product between the wall portions 48, 50 can be extruded therefrom
and thus the seal A which is re-established after a dispensing
operation relies in part upon product dry-out or caking adjacent
the slit-like opening 45 which will occur due to atmospheric
contact. However, the extent of caking will be highly limited
axially inwardly and downwardly from the slit-like opening 45
because of the intimate seal thereat and therefore the major
portion of the product between the walls 48, 50 in the area of the
seal A will be neither dried out nor caked.
Apart from the self-sealing characteristic of the dispenser 10
resulting from the specific construction heretofore described, it
is to be understood that variations in the invention can be made
if, for example, it is desired to dispense products of different
viscosities. That is, the dispenser 10 is readily adaptable to the
different degrees of squeeze-pressure required for dispensing a
wide range of products of varying viscosity. This can be controlled
by a variation in the thickness of the walls 40, 41, although at
all times maintaining the same appreciably thinner than the posts
22, 23. In addition, the length D3 of the wall portions 48, 50 can
be varied which in turn varies the axial distance D4 of the concave
wall portions 46, 47. In other words, the length D3 of the exist
wall portions 48, 50, the length D4 of the entrance wall portions
46, 47, and the variations in the concave configuration of the
latter can be fluctuated as found necessary without departing from
the present invention yet adapting the same to most any type of
viscous product.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 7 and 8 of the drawing which
illustrate another dispenser 60 with portions thereof constructed
identically to corresponding portions of the dispenser 10 being
identified by like primed reference numerals. Apart from the
similarity between the dispensers 10, 60, the latter further
includes a pair of integrally molded diametrically opposite manual
gripping means in the form of handles 61, 62 lying in a diametric
or axial plane, as is best illustrated in FIG. 8. Either or both of
the handles 61, 62 may be provided with a finger-receiving opening
63.
In addition to the handles 61, 62 the common wall 51' of the walls
40', 41' includes a pair of radially outwardly directed opposite
projections 64, 65 either of which can be grasped to tear the
common terminal end wall 51' along the score lines 53' and 54'.
The dispenser 60 is designed particularly for use with larger size
flexible or collapsible containers C' in the half pint, quart,
gallon, etc., range. In this range of sizes the user tends to hold
the dispenser 60 as a nozzle to direct the flow; and in doing so
some product can contact the user's fingers. Thus, this is resolved
by the handles 61, 62 which moreover additionally rigidify the
posts 22', 23' since the same extend from the lower periphery of
the skirt 11' to the upper terminal end walls 26', 33' of the
respective posts 22', 23'.
While both dispensers 10, 60 are of the snap-on type, it is to be
understood that the same may be provided with threads or lugs in
lieu of the bead 12 and the container or containers C, C'
correspondingly altered to accommodate twist-type, lug-type,
threaded, etc., dispensers. Moreover, the dispenser 10 and the
container C, as well as the dispenser 60 and the container C' can
be formed as a single homogeneous one-piece molded unit, in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 9. The dispenser 80 of FIG. 9 includes
an upper end portion 81 which may be identical to either dispenser
10, 60 except the peripheral skirts 11, 11' thereof are devoid of
beads, threads or the like and instead a lowermost portion 82
merely forms an integral extension of the upper end portion 81
having a normally open bottom end 83 which may be infolded and heat
sealed or otherwise closed, as indicated at 85 after a product has
been packaged within the dispenser 80. The dispenser 80 is
preferably constructed by injection-molding the upper end portion
81 and blow-molding the lower end portion 82 by a process which
will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art and may be,
for example, in accordance with the apparatus and process disclosed
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,100,913, in the name of Adolph J. De Matteo,
issued Aug. 20, 1963, and entitled Multiple Injection Molding
Apparatus.
While preferred forms and arrangements of parts have been shown in
illustrating the invention, it is to be clearly understood that
various changes in details and arrangement of parts may be made
without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.
* * * * *