U.S. patent number 3,773,073 [Application Number 05/156,399] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-20 for pneumatic logic valve.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Air Brake Company. Invention is credited to Donald Brown.
United States Patent |
3,773,073 |
Brown |
November 20, 1973 |
PNEUMATIC LOGIC VALVE
Abstract
A fluid pressure logic valve device for producing an output
signal of limited duration, regardless of the duration of the input
signal, by utilizing the drop in pressure characteristic of fluid
pressure flowing through a constricted opening, such constriction,
through which supply pressure for the output signal flows, being
formed by the proximity of an adjacent side of a valve member to a
cooperating valve seat, the valve member being subjected on the
opposite side, at a controlled rate, to the same fluid pressure
supplied for the output signal. As the pressure acting on the
opposite side of the valve member tends to approach or exceed the
differential pressure value between the upstream and downstream
areas of the constriction and acting on the one side of the valve
member, said valve member tends to close, thereby further
constricting the flow path, further reducing the set fluid pressure
acting on said one side of the valve member, and thus causing
positive seating of said valve member to cut off the output signal.
Continuance and duration of the input signal is of no consequence
once the valve member is in its cut-off position.
Inventors: |
Brown; Donald (Monroeville,
PA) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Air Brake Company
(Wilmerding, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
22559409 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/156,399 |
Filed: |
June 24, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/496; 137/503;
137/501; 251/16 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16K
7/17 (20130101); Y10T 137/7791 (20150401); Y10T
137/7788 (20150401); Y10T 137/7783 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F16K
7/17 (20060101); F16K 7/12 (20060101); F16k
007/17 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/496,500,501,503
;251/16,22 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Weakley; Harold W.
Claims
Having now described the invention, what I claim as new and desire
to secure by Letters Patent, is:
1. A logic valve device comprising:
a. a casing having formed therein a fluid pressure control chamber
comprising a timing volume and a fluid pressure supply chamber;
b. a diaphragm-valve member fixed in said casing for sealingly
isolating said control chamber from said supply chamber;
c. supply passage means via which fluid pressure may be supplied
simultaneously to said control chamber and said supply chamber;
d. an outlet in said casing normally communicating with said supply
chamber via a flow area disposed between said diaphragm-valve
member and said outlet and via which outlet a fluid pressure
impulse may be delivered; and
e. an annular valve seat surrounding one end of said outlet and
axially spaced apart from one side of said diaphgragm-valve member
adjacent the flow area and in such proximity thereto as to form a
constricting gap in said flow area for providing an effective
reduction of fluid pressure on the downstream side of said flow
area and, therefore, a resulting reduction of fluid pressure acting
on said one side of said diaphragm-valve member for rendering
buildup of fluid pressure in the control chamber and acting on the
opposite side of said diaphragm-valve member effective for moving
said diaphragm-valve member to a cut-off position relative to said
valve seat and in which flow of fluid pressure through said flow
area to said outlet is cut off.
2. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 1, further
characterized by choke means of predetermined flow capacity
interposed in said supply passage means for delaying buildup of
fluid pressure in said control chamber and consequent cut off of
fluid pressure flow to said outlet accordingly.
3. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 2, wherein the flow
capacity of said choke means is variable.
4. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 2, wherein said
diaphragm-valve member normally occupies an unseated position
relative to said valve seat and in which unseated position of said
diaphragm-valve member said supply chamber is in communication with
said outlet, said diaphragm-valve member being operable
responsively to buildup of fluid pressure acting on said opposite
side of said diaphragm-valve member to a value sufficient for
overcoming the pressure acting on said one side, as determined by
the differential pressure between the upstream side and downstream
side of said flow area, to a seated position on said valve seat for
effecting said cut off of fluid pressure to the outlet.
5. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 4, further
characterized by an atmospheric bleed port tapped off said outlet
for assuring flow of fluid pressure through said constriction means
as long as said diaphragm-valve member is in its said unseated
position.
6. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 5, wherein said
timing volume, said choke means, and said bleed port are disposed
externally of said casing.
7. A logic valve device, as set forth in claim 6, wherein the size
of said timing volume and the respective flow capacities of said
choke means and bleed port are variable.
Description
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Some systems, wherein a logic valve device of the type herein
disclosed is used, require an output signal of predetermined,
relatively short duration for effecting the desired control
function. Heretofore, in some instances, it has been necessary to
use a combination of two or more logic valve devices for obtaining
the desired control signal. For example, when fluid pressure is
supplied to the output of a primary logic valve device to effect an
output signal, such fluid pressure may also be supplied to a pilot
valve device which is thereby actuated to effect supply of cut-off
pressure to the primary device for cutting off the output signal.
If it is desired to limit the output signal to a certain duration,
a timing device must also be used in conjunction with the pilot
valve device.
The object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a
self-contained logic valve device capable of producing an output
signal of prescribed duration irrespective of the duration of the
input signal for actuating the valve device.
The invention comprises a diaphragm-valve element clamped between
two casing sections to thus provide a timing chamber or volume on
one side of the diaphragm-valve member and a fluid pressure supply
chamber on the opposite side, said supply chamber having an output
passageway leading therefrom with a valve seat surrounding the end
adjacent the supply chamber. Both the supply chamber and the timing
chamber are supplied with fluid pressure from a common source with
the timing chamber being supplied at a restricted rate via choke
means. The diaphragm-valve member is disposed with such proximity
relative to the valve seat surrounding the output passageway as to
form a constriction via which fluid pressure must flow from the
supply chamber to the output passageway when an output signal is
initiated. As is well known, the pressure of fluid is reduced on
the downstream side of a constriction through which the pressurized
fluid flows, thus a pressure differential or average pressure
results to act on the adjacent or supply side of the
diaphragm-valve member. As the pressure acting on the side of the
diaphragm-valve member adjacent the timing chamber, or the timing
side, approaches or slightly exceeds the average pressure acting on
the supply side, the diaphragm-valve member starts to move toward
the valve seat to further constrict the opening therebetween and
thus effect a further reduction in the pressure acting on the
supply side of the diaphragm-valve member and finally positive
seating thereof on the valve seat to terminate the output signal.
Thus, irrespective of the duration of the input signal, the
duration of the output signal is determined by the degree of input
pressure, the size of the timing chamber, the flow capacity of the
choke means through which the timing chamber is charged, and the
degree of constriction provided between the diaphragm-valve and the
valve seat.
In the drawing,
FIG. 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a logic valve device
embodying the invention; and
FIG. 2 is an elevational view, partly in section and partly
diagrammatical, of a modified form of the logic valve device shown
in FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
As viewed in the drawing, the logic valve device shown in FIG. 1
comprises an upper casing section 1, an intermediate casing section
2, and a lower casing section 3. Upper casing section 1 and
intermediate casing section 2 are sealingly clamped together (by
suitable means not shown) to cooperatively form internally thereof,
partly in one casing section and partly in the other, a control
chamber 4, which also acts as a timing volume or chamber as will
hereinafter be explained. A diaphragm-valve member 5 is sealingly
clamped between intermediate casing section 2 and lower casing
section 3 and thereby separates control chamber 4 from a supply
chamber 6 formed in lower casing section 3.
Fluid pressure may be supplied (as indicated by the arrow) to
supply chamber 6 via a fluid pressure supply port or inlet 7 formed
in lower casing section 3, said supply port being communicated to
control chamber 4 via communicating passageways 8 and 9 formed in
intermediate and upper casing sections 2 and 1, respectively. A
choke 10 of prescribed flow capacity is interposed in passageway 9
for restricting supply of fluid pressure to said control chamber
accordingly.
A fluid pressure delivery passageway or outlet 11 is coaxially
formed in lower casing section 3 for providing means via which a
fluid pressure control impulse may be delivered (as indicated by
the arrow) to a device (not shown) to be controlled thereby. An
annular valve seat 12 is surroundingly formed at the inner end of
delivery passageway 11 in axially-spaced relation and parallel with
a central valve portion 13 of the diaphragm-valve member 5. The
axial distance between valve portion 13 and valve seat 12 is of
predetermined limitation so as to provide therebetween a
constriction or restricted gap 14 through which fluid pressure must
flow from supply chamber 6 to outlet 11. Delivery passageway 11 is
vented to atmosphere, for a purpose to be hereinafter disclosed,
via a bleed port 15 of restricted flow capacity.
Operation of the logic valve device shown in FIG. 1 is effected by
supplying fluid pressure to inlet 7 which fluid pressure flows
simultaneously to control chamber 4, via passageways 8 and 9 and
choke 10, and to supply chamber 6, whence such fluid pressure flows
through constriction 14 to outlet 11 to provide a control impulse
for the device (not shown) to be controlled thereby. As is known to
those skilled in the art, the pressure of fluid flowing through a
constriction is effectively reduced on the downstream side as
compared to the pressure of said fluid on the upstream side. Thus,
as fluid pressure from supply chamber 6 passes through the
constriction or gap 14, the pressure on the downstream side
adjacent outlet 11 is reduced relative to the pressure on the
upstream side of said constriction adjacent the supply chamber. As
a result of such reduction of pressure on the downstream side of
gap 14, fluid pressure building up in chamber 4 becomes effective
for deflecting diaphragm-valve 5 downwardly toward valve seat 12
for further restricting the gap between the central valve portion
13 and said valve seat. Further constriction of gap 14 causes
further reduction of pressure on the downstream side thereof and
further effectiveness of control pressure on the opposite side of
diaphragm-valve 5 until positive sealing or movement of central
valve portion 13 to a seated or cut-off position on valve seat 12
occurs. Seating of valve portion 13 on valve seat 12 terminates
delivery of the control impulse, the duration of which is normally
relatively short and is determined by the pressure of fluid
supplied to inlet 7, the volume of control chamber 4, the flow
capacity of choke 10, and the dimension of gap 14.
The bleed port 15, being tapped off the outlet 11, assures flow of
fluid pressure to said outlet as long as the central valve portion
13 is in an unseated position relative to valve seat 12. Once
seated, the valve portion 13 is retained in its seated or cut-off
position on valve seat 12 by higher pressure in control chamber 4
until input 7, and therefore said control chamber, is vented. Of
course, the output pressure is also relieved via bleed port 15 once
valve portion 13 is seated on valve seat 12. With input 7 vented,
diaphragm-valve 5 resumes a normal unseated position relative to
valve seat 12 to thereby reset the logic valve device for
subsequent operation.
The modified logic valve device shown in FIG. 2 differs from the
valve device shown in FIG. 1 in that the structural features
corresponding to timing volume 4, choke 10, and bleed port 15
formed internally of the several casing sections 1, 2, and 3 in the
device shown in FIG. 1, are adjustably located externally of the
device and represented diagrammatically in FIG. 2, thereby
permitting adjustment thereof for varying the duration of the
control impulse accordingly.
The logic valve device, as viewed in FIG. 2, comprises an upper
casing section 16 and a lower casing section 17 with a
diaphragm-valve member 18 sealingly clamped therebetween to thereby
separate a fluid pressure control chamber 19, formed in the upper
casing section, from a fluid pressure supply chamber 20 formed in
the lower casing section.
Lower casing section 17 is provided with fluid pressure supply
passage means comprising an inlet 21 (corresponding to inlet 7 in
FIG. 1) via which fluid pressure from a supply conduit 22 may be
supplied to supply chamber 20, as indicated by the arrow on said
conduit. The fluid pressure supply means further comprises a
conduit 23 connected at one end to conduit 22 and at the other end
to a conduit 24, one end of said conduit 24 being connected to a
timing volume 25 (corresponding to control chamber or timing volume
4 in FIG. 1) and the other end being connected to a control
pressure passageway or input 26 formed in lower casing section 17.
Input 26 connects to control chamber 19 via a registering
passageway 27 formed in upper casing section 16. A variable choke
28 (corresponding to choke 10 in FIG. 1) is interposed in conduit
23 for controlling the rate of fluid pressure flow to and buildup
in control chamber 19 and timing volume 25. Since the timing volume
25 is located externally of the casing, such timing volume may be
conveniently replaced by one of different size to produce the
desired timing.
Lower casing section 17 is also provided with a fluid pressure
delivery or outlet 29 (corresponding to outlet 11 in FIG. 1) with
an annular valve seat 30 formed at the inner end thereof. Similarly
to the arrangement of valve seat 12 relative to the central valve
portion 13 in FIG. 1, valve seat 30 is disposed relative to a
central valve portion 31 of the diaphragm-valve member 18 to
provide a constriction or restricted gap 32 through which fluid
pressure must flow from supply chamber 20 to outlet 29. A conduit
33 connects outlet 29 with a device (not shown) to be controlled by
the control impulse delivered thereto from outlet 29. A variable
choke 34 is tapped off conduit 33 and performs a similar function
as the bleed port 15 in the device shown in FIG. 1.
Since the operation of the logic valve device shown in FIG. 2 is
similar to that of the device shown in FIG. 1, it is not deemed
necessary to describe said operation in detail. Fluid pressure
supplied to conduit 22 flows simultaneously to supply chamber 20
via inlet 21 and to control chamber 19 and timing volume 25 at a
controlled rate via choke 28, conduit 23 and conduit 24. Fluid
pressure flows through constriction 32 to outlet 29 and conduit 33
to provide a control pressure impulse until movement of valve
portion 31 to a seated position on valve seat 30 occurs in a manner
similar to that described above in connection with the device shown
in FIG. 1. Choke 34 assures continued flow of fluid pressure
through gap 32 as long as central valve portion 31 is in an
unseated position relative to valve seat 30 and also provides for
dissipation of the control impulse subsequently to seating of said
central valve portion on said valve seat, which central valve
portion remains in a seated position until fluid pressure in supply
conduit 22, and therefore in control chamber 19 and timing volume
25, is vented.
* * * * *