U.S. patent number 3,773,065 [Application Number 04/792,107] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-20 for soap proportioning means for a variable capacity wash pump.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Clayton Manufacturing Company. Invention is credited to George W. Mattox.
United States Patent |
3,773,065 |
Mattox |
November 20, 1973 |
SOAP PROPORTIONING MEANS FOR A VARIABLE CAPACITY WASH PUMP
Abstract
Proportioning apparatus comprising a water tank and a soap tank
connected by piping with the inlet of a high pressure, variable
capacity pump. The ratio of soap to water is maintained constant
for any given washing requirement by flow restriction in the piping
leading from each of the tanks to the pump. A constant ratio of
soap to water is assured by float-operated valves on the tanks to
maintain an equal level or hydrostatic head, or a differential in
head, depending upon the relative specific gravities of the liquid
soap and water. If the specific gravities are equal, or the head of
the liquids is adjusted to compensate for the difference in
specific gravity, there will be no interchange of the water and
soap from one tank to the other. This arrangement also eliminates
the need for check valves in the system. Equal or unequal levels
may be maintained in the tanks, regardless of the difference in
specific gravities, and interchange prevented by check valves. Flow
from the two tanks is induced by suction created by the pump. The
degree of suction and volume of water withdrawn from the water tank
is controlled by prescribed flow restriction, for example, by a
fixed orifice or a variable throttle valve upstream of the pump.
The proportionate volume of liquid soap withdrawn from the soap
tank is also controlled by prescribed flow restriction, for
example, a fixed orifice or an adjustable throttle valve, located
upstream of the pump. Fixed orifices sized to provide the desired
ratio of soap to water can be used with the adjustable valves.
Proportionate flow can also be effected by using appropriate size
piping. The discharge side of the pump is connected with a manifold
having branch pipes for delivering cleaning solution to high
pressure cleaning jet nozzles. The valve in the soap supply line
can be closed to cut off the soap flow during a rinsing
operation.
Inventors: |
Mattox; George W. (El Monte,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Clayton Manufacturing Company
(El Monte, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
25155817 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/792,107 |
Filed: |
January 17, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/263; 239/310;
239/304 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60S
3/044 (20130101); B05B 12/1418 (20130101); B05B
7/2486 (20130101); B05B 7/32 (20130101); Y10T
137/4807 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
B05B
7/32 (20060101); B05B 7/24 (20060101); B05b
007/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/266,265,259,255,263,101.25,101.27,571,428,575
;239/124,304,310,306,434,376,377,378 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Klinksiek; Henry T.
Assistant Examiner: Miller; Robert J.
Claims
I claim:
1. Proportioning apparatus for continuously providing a uniform
mixture of different liquids, comprising: a first tank to receive
one liquid; a second tank to receive a second liquid; means
connected with each of said tanks for automatically maintaining a
supply of liquid in said tanks; a pump having an inlet and an
outlet; first pipe means connecting said first tank with said pump
inlet and providing a first prescribed flow restriction to
proportion the flow of said first liquid; conduit means connected
between said second tank and said first pipe means and providing a
second prescribed flow restriction to proportion the flow of said
second liquid; and a second pipe connected with said pump outlet
for supplying the proportioned mixture of liquids to a place of
use.
2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the automatic means
which supplies liquid to the tanks maintains a predetermined
relative level of the liquid in said tanks.
3. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the liquids in the two
tanks have the same specific gravity and wherein the liquid level
in the two tanks is substantially equal to provide substantially
equal hydraulic heads.
4. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the liquids in the two
tanks have different specific gravities and wherein the liquid
levels in the two tanks are unequal but are such as to provide
substantially equal hydraulic heads.
5. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the liquid in the first
tank is water and the liquid in the second tank is a liquid
soap.
6. Apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein a solenoid-operated
valve is connected in the conduit means and a switch is connected
in circuit with said valve to operate the same to shut off flow of
soap from the second tank.
7. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein a vacuum gauge is
connected in the first pipe means at a point between the pump and
the conduit means connected to the second tank to indicate the pump
suction.
8. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction in
the first pipe means is provided by an orifice of fixed size.
9. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction in
the conduit means is provided by an adjustable throttling
valve.
10. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction
in the first pipe means is provided by an orifice of fixed size,
and wherein the flow restriction in the conduit means is provided
by an adjustable throttle valve which can be adjusted to vary the
proportion of the second liquid relative to the first liquid and
which can be closed, if desired, to limit delivery by the pump of
only the first liquid.
11. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction
in the first pipe means is provided by an adjustable throttle
valve.
12. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction
in the conduit means is provided by an orifice of fixed size.
13. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction
in the first pipe means is provided by an adjustable throttle
valve, and wherein the flow restriction in the conduit means is
provided by an orifice of fixed size, said throttle valve being
adjustable to vary the proportion of the first liquid relative to
the second liquid and which can be closed, if desired, to limit
delivery by the pump of only the second liquid.
14. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the flow restriction
in the first pipe means is provided by an orifice of fixed size,
and wherein an adjustable throttle valve is also connected in said
first pipe means to reduce the flow of the first liquid to less
than that permitted by said fixed orifice, and/or to completely
shut off flow from the first tank, when desired; and wherein the
flow restriction in the conduit means is provided by an orifice of
fixed size, and wherein an adjustable throttle valve is also
connected in said conduit means to reduce the flow of the second
liquid to less than that permitted by the fixed orifice in said
conduit, and/or which can be completely closed to shut off all flow
from the second tank, when desired.
15. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the restriction of
flow in the first pipe means and conduit means, respectively, is
provided by the size of said pipe means and conduit means.
16. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein a check valve is
connected in the first pipe means and in the conduit means to
prevent liquid interflow between the first and second tanks.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to proportioning apparatus for
simultaneously providing a high pressure jet of water, with or
without soap, to a plurality of car wash stations, or a plurality
of jets to a single large wash station. The systems are designed to
maintain the proportion, or ratio, of soap to water constant,
regardless of fluctuations in demand at the several stations or the
single station.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Apparatus has been heretofore devised for mixing two different
liquids in prescribed proportions, but such devices are usually
quite complicated and require very precise means, including
proportioning pumps, flow meters or the like, for metering the two
liquids in the desired ratio. Difficulties have arisen in
connection with such apparatus when the two metered liquids are
being supplied under pressure to a distribution point where the
demand for the mixed liquids is frequently interrupted, fluctuates
continually, and/or varies from time to time. None of such devices
is capable of adjusting their rate of operation to that of the
changes in demand and hence are impractical for purposes of the
present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In contrast with the foregoing, the present invention provides a
system that is capable of proportioning different liquids and
delivering a large volume of the resulting solution simultaneously
to a plurality of points, each subject to variable demand, and of
automatically adapting itself to such changes in demand without any
change in the ratio of the liquids in the solution being delivered.
This is accomplished by employing a variable capacity centrifugal
pump, or a positive displacement pump with a by-pass, and means
that limits the rate of flow of the respective liquids to the
suction or inlet side of the pump. Such pumps are arranged in the
system so that they can "slip" or by-pass liquid in accordance with
changes in the degree of demand.
More specifically, the present invention relates to apparatus for
proportioning soap and water to form a cleaning solution for
delivery by a variable capacity pump to one or more high pressure
nozzles for a car wash or other installations.
In one operative embodiment of the invention, a centrifugal pump,
or positive displacement pump, can be used that is operated at a
speed to pump 40 gallons of liquid per minute at a pressure of 575
pounds per square inch. With such capacity, liquid can be
simultaneously delivered by the pump, for example, to each of four
car wash stations for use at a rate of up to 10 gpm at each
station. The demand can vary from zero, when all stations are shut
down, up to 40 gpm, depending upon the number of wash stations that
are in operation at a given time.
The present proportioning apparatus is extremely simple from a
structural standpoint and comprises a first tank containing water
and a second tank containing liquid soap. The water and soap are
supplied through piping to the inlet of the pump. A constant ratio
of water to soap is maintained by placing a restriction in the
water supply pipe and in the soap supply conduit, respectively, on
the suction side of the pump. such restrictions control the suction
on the inlet side of the pump and may be in the form of fixed or
variable orifices, or may be provided by piping of a prescribed
inside diameter, or by inserting a short section of pipe in a pipe
line of larger diameter than said section. An adjustable orifice
can readily be provided wherever desired by using an adjustable
throttle valve.
In a preferred embodiment, an orifice of fixed size is connected in
the pipe leading from the water tank to the pump, and an adjustable
throttle valve is connected in the conduit leading from the soap
tank to the pump. The system can be adjusted to deliver only water
for a rinsing operation, simply by closing the throttle valve in
the soap supply conduit.
A constant ratio of water to soap can be assured when the specific
gravity of both are equal by maintaining the water and soap at
approximately the same level in their respective tanks. This is
effected by mounting a float-operated control valve on each of the
tanks. This creates an equal hydrostatic head in each of the tanks
and also avoids the necessity of placing check valves in the system
to prevent an interchange of water or soap from one tank to the
other. Check valves are necessary when the specific gravities vary
and the levels are either equal or unequal.
A manifold is connected with the pump outlet and has a branch pipe
leading to one or more cleaning nozzles located in any desired
area. A remotely controlled solenoid-operated shut off valve may be
connected in the soap conduit to cut off the supply of soap during
a rinsing operation.
The principal object of the invention is to provide liquid
proportioning apparatus that is capable of continually mixing
different liquids in constant predetermined proportions, and of
delivering the mixture to one or more points of use, and
maintaining the prescribed proportions, regardless of fluctuations
in the demand at the point or points of use.
Another object is to provide liquid proportioning apparatus in
which the relative proportions of the liquids can be varied as
desired.
A more specific object is to provide apparatus for proportioning
water and liquid soap to form a soap solution for use in washing
automobiles and the like, and which is capable of delivering at all
times a washing solution having a uniform soap content.
Another object is to provide liquid proportioning apparatus for
mixing soap and water in predetermined proportions to provide a
cleaning solution, and which can be adjusted to deliver a
relatively weak solution, or water only in lieu of a soap
solution.
Another object is to provide proportioning apparatus that is
relatively simple in construction, easy to use, and economical to
manufacture.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates one embodiment of the present
liquid soap and water proportioning system associated with a car
wash installation comprising four separate wash stalls; and a
cleaning nozzle in each stall; and
FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates another embodiment wherein four
cleaning nozzles are located in a single work area, and a switch is
located in said area for operating a remote valve to cut off soap
supply and provide a flow of water only to the nozzles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawing, a first tank 2 contains a body of water
4, and a second tank 6 contains a body of liquid soap 8. Water is
supplied to the tank 4 through a pipe 10 connected with a
float-operated valve 12 installed on the tank 2. Liquid soap is
supplied to the tank 6 through a pipe 14 connected with a similar
float-operated valve 16 mounted on the tank 6. The float valves 12
and 16 maintain a predetermined, substantially equal liquid level
in the tanks 2 and 6 as indicated by the levels 18 and 20,
respectively. By maintaining the two levels 18 and 20 the same, and
when the soap and water are of the same specific gravity, equal
hydrostatic heads are provided, which prevent interchange or water
and soap between the tanks 2 and 6 and eliminate the need for check
valves in the piping leading therefrom.
The tank 2 has an outlet 22 to which one end of a first pipe 24 is
connected. The other end of the pipe 24 is connected to the inlet
26 of a conventional, variable capacity, high pressure centrifugal
pump 28. A fixed orifice 30 is connected in the pipe 24 to limit
the rate at which the suction of the pump 28 can withdraw water
from the tank 2. A valve 32 may be connected in the pipe 24 between
the fixed orifice 30 and the tank outlet 22. The valve 32 serves
the purpose of a shut-off valve, and can also serve as a throttling
flow restricting valve, when the desired flow of water through the
pipe 24 is to be less than that provided by the fixed size orifice
30.
The soap tank 6 has an outlet 34 to which one end of a conduit 36
is connected. The other end of the conduit 36 is connected to the
pipe 24 at a point 38, between the orifice 30 and the pump inlet
26. The conduit 28 may have a fixed size orifice 40 mounted therein
to restrict the maximum flow of soap that can be drawn from the
soap tank 6 by the suction of the pump 28. The relative sizes of
the orifices 30 and 40 are designed to provide the desired
proportion of soap and water in the soap solution discharged from
the pump 28. An adjustable throttling valve 42 is connected in the
conduit 36 between the soap tank outlet 34 and the fixed orifice
40. The valve 42 can serve as a shut-off valve, and can also be
used as a variable orifice for controlling soap flow when the
proportion of soap is to be less than that provided for by the
fixed orifice 40. In a system designed for a given water capacity
with provision for varying the proportion of soap, the valve 32 and
the orifice 40 can both be omitted.
A vacuum gauge 44 is connected to the pipe 24 at a point 46 between
the pump inlet 26 and the point of connection 38 of the conduit 36
with the pipe 24.
The pump 28 has an outlet 48 to which one end of a second pipe 50
is connected. The other end of the pipe 50 is connected at 52 to a
manifold 54. Branch pipes 56, 58, 60, 62 are connected with the
manifold 54 for supplying soap solution to car wash stalls 64, 66,
68 and 70, respectively. The branch pipe 56 has a shut-off valve 72
connected thereto, which controls the flow of soap solution through
a hose 74 to a cleaning nozzle 76. A control valve 78 is mounted in
the nozzle structure for convenience of the operator in controlling
the flow through the nozzle 76. A similar shut-off valve, hose,
nozzle and control valve are connected with each of the branch
pipes 58, 60 and 62, and are identified by the same reference
numerals.
In one operative embodiment of the invention, the centrifugal pump
28 has a capacity of 40 gpm at a pressure of 575 psi. This provides
for the simultaneous delivery of up to 10 gpm of liquid at each
wash station 64, 66, 68 and 70, which is more than adequate for car
wash purposes.
Heretofore, it has been difficult to provide a spray of cleaning
solution of uniform soap consistency in a system where the demand
varies over a considerable range. This problem is overcome by the
present system, since for any given demand, a controlled vacuum is
created on the suction side of the pump 28 by the flow restricting
orifices 30 and 40. Thus, at a maximum flow of 40 gpm, the vacuum
gauge reading would be 8 inches Hg. When the demand on the pump 28
is reduced to 10 gpm, the suction would drop to 0.5 inches Hg,
thereby allowing a directly proportionate reduction in the volume
of soap that can be drawn from the conduit 26 along with the water
drawn from pipe 24.
The use of the pump 28 for delivering a cleaning solution
containing soap and water to one or more nozzles of varying
operating demand, solves the problem of maintaining a uniform
proportion of soap in the cleaning solution, regardless of
fluctuations in demand. Such uniformity in proportions is
obtainable by feeding water and soap from equal levels, that is,
from the tanks 2 and 6, respectively, having the same hydraulic
head, into a zone of controlled suction at the pump inlet 26. The
suction or vacuum in the pipe 24 is controlled by the size of the
orifice 30 (or by the use of a pipe restricted in size, as
indicated above).
In the operation of the present proportioning system, as the demand
at the nozzles 76 changes, the vacuum on the inlet size of the pump
28 correspondingly changes, and since the rate of relative flow of
water and soap varies with the changes in the vacuum, the same
proportion of the two liquids is constantly maintained. In the
absence of the orifice 40, the proportion of soap to water can be
readily changed by simply adjusting the valve 42 to provide the
percentage of concentration desired. Likewise, in the absence of
any overriding control by the valve 32, the orifice 30 will
automatically control the rate of supply of water to the pump
28.
It will be understood that if the pump 28 is to deliver only water,
then the throttling valve 42 in the conduit 36 will be closed. It
is further pointed out that in an installation where a fixed
maximum amount of water is to be discharged, the pipe 24 may be
made of the appropriate inside diameter and the fixed orifice 30
eliminated. The valve 32 may be eliminated or retained for use as a
shut-off valve. The same applies to the conduit 36, which may have
an inside diameter such as to provide the proportionate amount of
soap to be mixed with the water. In such instance, the valve 42 is
retained as a soap shut-off valve to effect rinsing with water
alone.
In FIG. 2, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 have been
identified by the same reference numerals. FIG. 2 illustrates a
system somewhat similar to that shown in FIG. 1, but differs
therefrom in that the liquid level 20a in the soap tank 6 is higher
than the water level 18a in the water tank 2 by an amount indicated
by the dimension X. This distance may be varied to compensate for
the difference in the specific gravities of the water 4 and the
particular liquid soap 6 that is being used, whereby substantially
equal hydrostatic heads may be provided in the conduit 36 and the
pipe 24.
The system in FIG. 2 further differs from that shown in FIG. 1 in
that a one-way check valve 80 is shown connected in the soap
conduit 36 and a similar one-way check valve 82 is connected in the
pipe 24. The check valves 80 and 82 permit flow only in a direction
away from the soap tank 6 and the water tank 2, respectively, so
that no interchange of soap and water can occur between the tanks 2
and 6, regardless of the difference in the liquid levels 18a and
20a, and in the hydrostatic heads provided in the pipe 24 and
conduit 36. Also in FIG. 2, the valve 42 is adjustable and serves
as a variable orifice for proportioning the rate of flow of soap
relative to the volume of water drawn through the orifice 30,
regardless of the difference in the specific gravities of the soap
and water and regardless of the difference in the liquid levels 18a
and 20a.
FIG. 2 further differs from FIG. 1 in that a conventional positive
displacement pump 28a is shown in place of the centrifugal pump 28.
A by-pass pipe 84 containing a pressure relief valve 86 is
connected around the pump 28a to permit by-passing of liquid when
there is no demand on the system.
The system of FIG. 2 still further differs from that of FIG. 1 in
that a single wash area 88 is shown instead of four stalls. The
four cleaning nozzles 76 are shown connected with a manifold 54a so
that they can all service the wash area 88. The arrangement shown
is useful for washing a large vehicle, shown diagrammatically in
dot-and-dash lines and identified by the numeral 90. The vehicle 90
may be a truck, bus, earth-moving equipment, aircraft, etc.. With
the arrangement shown, four men can simultaneously work on the
vehicle 90 to effect washing and subsequent rinsing thereof. In
this connection, a remote control switch 92 is located adjacent the
cleaning area 88 and is connected by conductors 94 and 96 to a
solenoid-operating valve 98 connected in the soap conduit 36
between the variable orifice valve 42 and the check valve 80.
Current for operating the valve 98 is supplied through lines 100
and 102. Thus, when the switch 92 is closed, it will effect closing
of the solenoid valve 98 so that all flow of soap to the pump 28a
is discontinued, and only water is supplied to the cleaning nozzles
76 to wash or rinse the vehicle 90. Of course, a similar result
could be effected by closing the valve 42, but the remote control
switch 92 is a great convenience when the cleaning nozzles 76 are
located a substantial distance from the valve 42.
The proportioning system shown in FIG. 2 functions in the same
manner described in connection with FIG. 1. However, the orifice 30
can be omitted and the valve 32 used as an adjustable orifice to
regulate the proportion of water to soap flow permitted by
adjustment of the valve 42 functioning as a variable soap
orifice.
While four cleaning nozzles 76 have been shown in the systems of
both FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it will be understood that the
proportioning apparatus may be associated with a single nozzle, or
any number of nozzles in association with a pump of suitable
capacity.
It will be understood that various changes may be made in the
design, proportions, and arrangement of the components of the
present systems without departing from the principles of the
invention.
* * * * *