U.S. patent number 3,772,728 [Application Number 05/193,715] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-20 for scour pad and method of making the scour pad.
Invention is credited to Carl W. Johnson.
United States Patent |
3,772,728 |
Johnson |
November 20, 1973 |
SCOUR PAD AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SCOUR PAD
Abstract
A method of making a scour pad from a length of tubular plastic
fabric netting characterized by the wrinkling or the rucking of
said fabric into a heap, folding a portion of said fabric back over
and enveloping said rucked heap, and maintaining the resulting
spherical-like heap or bun shape by means of two incorporated
rubber bands; and the provision of a specific stepped mandrel means
for practising said method.
Inventors: |
Johnson; Carl W. (Neenah,
WI) |
Family
ID: |
22714737 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/193,715 |
Filed: |
October 29, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
15/229.11;
300/21 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47L
17/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47L
17/08 (20060101); A47L 17/00 (20060101); A47l
017/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/29R,29A,208 ;156/196
;300/21 ;29/4.5B ;223/40,44 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
545,604 |
|
Sep 1957 |
|
CA |
|
514,415 |
|
Feb 1955 |
|
IT |
|
Primary Examiner: Machlin; Leon G.
Claims
What is claimed and desired to be protected by Letters Patent of
the United States is:
1. A method of making a scour pad of the character described from a
tubular fabric member comprising the steps of:
a. encircling said tubular fabric member intermediate the ends
thereof with a first annular element of resilient material having a
circumference less than the circumference of said tubular fabric
member whereby to draw together the adjacent tubular fabric and
divide the length of the tubular fabric member into two end
sections respectively extending from opposite sides of the
resilient annular element;
b. turning one of said end sections outwardly and over and around
the other end section and into telescopic superimposed relation to
said other end section;
c. encircling said superimposed sections adjacent said first
resilient annular element with a second resilient annular element
having a circumference less than the circumference of said tubular
fabric to draw together the adjacent tubular fabric;
d. rucking said superimposed sections axially into a compacted
heap; and finally
e. distending said first resilient annular element and adjacent
fabric, and revolving said first resilient annular element and said
adjacent fabric about said compacted heap to envelop said heap, and
allowing said distended first resilient annular element to return
to substantially its normal shape.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the tubular fabric is tubular
netted fabric.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the tubular netted fabric is
closed-weave distendable into an open-weave mesh.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the tubular netted fabric is an
integrally extruded plastic netting in closed-weave form
distendable into an open-weave mesh.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the tubular netted fabric is in
flat "rope" form.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein the first and second resilient
annular elements are rubber bands.
7. A scour pad, comprising,
a. a length of tubular fabric gathered together intermediate the
ends thereof by a circumventing first band of resilient material
providing end sections extending from said band, one end section
being telscopically superimposed around the other end section,
and
b. and a second band of resilient material circumventing said
superimposed sections adapted to gather together such superimposed
sections at a point spaced from and adjacent said first band of
resilient material,
c. said superimposed sections being axially rucked into a heap,
d. and the first of said resilient bands and adjacent fabric being
forced over said heap to the opposite side thereof and constricted
to envelop said heap,
e. whereby the first of said bands and the adjacent fabric between
said bands forms an enveloping bottom side for said rucked heap and
the second of said bands and the adjacent fabric between said bands
forms an enveloping top side for said rucked heap.
8. The scour pad of claim 7 wherein the tubular fabric is tubular
netted fabric.
9. The scour pad of claim 8 wherein the tubular netted fabric is
closed-weave distendable into an open-weave mesh.
10. The scour pad of claim 8 wherein the tubular netted fabric is
an integrally extruded plastic netting in closed-weave form
distendable into an open weave mesh.
11. The scour pad of claim 10 wherein the tubular netted fabric is
in flat "rope" form.
12. The scour pad of claim 11 wherein the first and second
resilient bands are rubber bands.
Description
Prior art methods of forming toroidal shaped scour pads from
tubular netting involve essentially rolling the ends of said
tubular netting back annularly upon itself to form annular rolls.
Such methods require a tedious, painstaking, and careful
manipulation of the fingers.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a facile method, for
persons inept and unskilled, to easily and readily perform the
manipulations necessary to make scour pads from tubular netting;
and to provide a simple apparatus on which to perform said
method.
An object of this invention is the provision of a novel wrinkling
or rucking method of making a scour pad from tubular netting,
whereby the tubular netting is collapsed axially upon itself.
Other specific features and many of the attendant advantages of
this invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes
better understood by reference to the following detailed
description when considered in connection with the accompanying
drawings in which like reference numerals designate like parts
throughout the figures thereof and wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates an elevation view of the apparatus used in
practising the method;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical section view taken on line 3--3 of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 illustrates a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing a cavity
forming plate moved downwardly against the tension of a spring,
thereby forming a cavity with the associated tubular mandrel;
FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are fractional elevation views
of the stepped mandrel schematically illustrating the tubular
netting in the successive stages in the process of making the
present improved scour pad;
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the scour pad made in accordance with the
present invention; and
FIG. 14 is a modification, similar to FIG. 3, wherein the spring
means is omitted.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals
designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views,
there is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 a stepped mandrel means,
generally indicated at 10, designed to facilitate practising the
method, comprising a base plate 11, an upright hollow cylindrical
main mandrel 12 mounted on said base plate by any means such as
welds 13. The upper end of said mandrel 12 is provided with an
inwardly projecting stop flange 14. Suitably spaced from said stop
flange 14 is a horizontal support deck 15 secured to the inner
periphery of said mandrel 11 as by means of welds 16, thereby
forming an upwardly open cavity or recess in the upper end portion
of said mandrel.
An upright auxiliary mandrel or spindle 17, coaxially disposed
relative to main mandrel 12, is mounted on bottom or support deck
15 and threadedly engaged therein as indicated at 18.
A compression spring 19 circumvents said spindle 17 and is
supported on said deck 15.
An annular bearing plate 21, supported on spring 19, likewise
circumvents said spindle 17, and is urged against stop flange 14 by
said spring 19 suitably initially tensioned. Said spring loaded
bearing plate is slidably movable downwardly, see FIG. 4, against
the tension of spring 19, to a displaced dotted line position 21',
by a force acting on the top of said bearing plate as indicated by
arrow 22 and as hereinafter described.
For practising the method of this invention, a suitable length and
diameter of a tubular woven, knitted, netted, or meshed fabric, or
the like, of any material suitable for the intended purpose is
provided. Said tubular fabric being preferably an integrally
extruded plastic netting, the inner periphery inherently having
sharp edges and the outer periphery having relatively smooth edges.
A polypropylene type of plastic netting has been found suitable,
but the invention is not limited thereto. Such tubular fabricated
plastic netting is provided in a condensed or closed-weave, i.e.,
very narrow diamond mesh condition, rolled flat on a spool in what
is called "rope" form, which when expanded circumferentially or
distended beyond its elastic limit forms an open-weave mesh fabric
the filaments, or threads thereof, crossing each other at
substantially right angle.
While a tubular netted fabric is preferred, the invention is not
limited thereto, for tubular fabrics whether netted or not may be
used.
To make a scour pad by the method of this invention, by hand only,
that is without the use of mandrel means, one first takes up a
suitable predetermined length of the aforesaid "rope" or tubular
net fabric generally indicated at 26, in hand, and slips a first
resilient annular element or rubber band 23 over and around said
fabric encircling it at substantially the mid-point or middle
portion thereof, said rubber band having a normal untensed
circumference considerably smaller than the circumference of said
fabric, whereby the contraction of said rubber band gathers
together said fabric at said mid-point to provide a bottom surface,
side, or wall for said pad as hereinafter described. The length of
the fabric is thus divided into two oppositely extending half
portions, an upper half section 27 and a lower half section 28.
However, the invention is not limited to disposing the first rubber
band at the middle portion thereof, for it is within the concept of
this invention to dispose the first rubber band at other points
along the length of the fabric suitable for the intended
purpose.
The above operations may be facilitated by first drawing the
tubular fabric member over a supporting mandrel means, such as
shown in FIG. 5 of the drawing. This is accomplished by stretching
and opening one end of the tubular fabric "rope" into a partially
open-weave condition and drawing it over spindle 17, and thence
over larger main mandrel 12, see FIG. 5, to a final fully drawn
position on the upper most portion of mandrel 12, see FIG. 6. The
circumference of mandrel 12 is of a measure to hold the distended
fabric snugly thereon in substantially full open-weave condition,
stretched beyond its original elastic limit.
One then slips a first highly resilient annular member, such as a
rubber band 23, see FIG. 6, over said fully drawn fabric member,
and disposes it around said fabric at about the mid-point thereof.
For reasons hereinbefore stated, the normal untensed circumference
of the rubber band should be as small as possible; an untensed
diameter of approximately 1/2 inch has been found suitable. Said
rubber band should also be capable of allowing it to be stretched
and slipped over mandrel 12 and engage therearound with
considerable tension.
As a third step in the purely manual method, the lower half section
of the tubular fabric is then drawn telescopically upwardly over
and around the upper half section to overlay and superpose said
upper section, see FIG. 7.
The above third step is accomplished on the mandrel means by
grasping the lower end of the lower half section of the tubular
fabric with one's fingers and up-folding said lower half section
around and telescoping it onto the upper section of said tubular
fabric, see FIG. 7. As a consequence, the first rubber band is
disposed embodied between said sections at the juncture of said
folded half sections.
As a fourth step in the method of this invention, one slips a
second resilient annular member, such as second rubber band 24, see
FIG. 8, over and around said telescopically superposed upper and
lower tubular fabric sections, encircling them at a point spaced
above and adjacent said first rubber band 23, whereby the
contraction of said second rubber band likewise gathers together
said superposed related sections at a point spaced from and
adjacent said first rubber band.
The above fourth step in the method of this invention can be
accomplished on the mandrel means as by slidably raising the
superposed related sections bodily up the main mandrel 12, and
around spindle 17, until the first rubber band 23 engages in
annular groove 20 at the top end portion of said main mandrel 12,
see FIG. 8. The second rubber band is then slipped over the
superposed related sections encircling them spaced above and
adjacent said first rubber band, that is disposing the second
rubber band around said sections at a point spaced above the upper
end of main mandrel 12, whereby the contraction of said second
rubber band gathers together said superposed related sections
around said spindle at a point displaced above said first rubber
band.
Obviously it is possible to dispose the second rubber band spaced
from and adjacent the first rubber band prior to moving the
superposed sections bodily upwardly.
As a fifth step in the manual method of this invention, one rucks,
wrinkles or folds the superposed related sections axially
downwardly toward the first rubber band and into a heap, see FIG.
9.
The above fifth step can be accomplished on the mandrel means by
rucking the tubular sections downwardly, that is, by applying one's
fingers and thumbs to the top end portions of the sections and
pushing downwardly thereon, sliding the fabric axially along the
spindle whereby the fabric is wrinkled and folded into a heap, such
as at 29, on top of the bearing plate 21, see FIGS. 3 and 9. As one
increases the applied pressure on the heap the spring 19 yields, as
at 19', see FIGS. 4 and 10, allowing the bearing plate to move
downwardly to position 21' thereby forming an annular cavity 25
into which the heap is received and compacted particularly with
one's thumbs.
As a final step in the manual method of this invention, one
distends said first rubber band embodied between said sections,
revolves said distended rubber band and associated fabric about
said heap to envelop said heap, and releases said rubber band
thereby allowing it to return to its substantially normal shape and
as a consequence providing a top surface or wall for said scour
pad, see FIG. 11.
The above final step can be accomplished on the mandrel means by
manually distending and removing the first rubber band and
associated fabric from the annular groove 20 and carrying or
revolving said first distended rubber band and adjacent fabric
about and around said compacted heap in the cavity 25 after which
the rubber band is released to a contracted position encircling
spindle 17, see FIG. 11. Upon a stripping or removal of the scour
pad upwardly from the spindle, the contraction of the first and
second rubber bands to substantially their normal sizes will pull a
portion of the outer layer of the fabric into a substantially flat
position thereby forming the bottom and top walls, respectively, of
the finished scour pads, enveloping the compacted, rucked fabric
therewithin, see FIGS. 12 and 13.
The rucked mass or heap of wrinkled and folded fabric, surrounded
or encased by an integral part of said fabric, assumes a bun-like
or spherical-like shape, drawn and maintained in such shape by the
incorporated rubber bands at the top and bottom thereof, thereby
forming a plastic scour pad, resilient as a whole.
While the preferred construction includes the spring loaded bearing
plate means, it is understood that the compression spring 19, the
bearing plate 21, and the annular stop flange 14 may be omitted
thereby utilizing the bare recess 25', see modification FIG. 14,
the deck 15' being disposed upwardly relative to deck 15.
Some characteristic features of this invention are a novel method
of forming a scour pad characterized by a rucking of the fabric
into a wrinkled mass or heap thereby developing the inside or guts
of the scour pad; and the provision of specific stepped mandrel
means for facilitating the practise of the above method.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. It is
therefore to be understood, that within the scope of the appended
claims, the invention may be practised otherwise than as
specifically described.
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