U.S. patent number 3,772,717 [Application Number 05/114,526] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-20 for inflatable mattresses and cushions.
Invention is credited to Kin Sun Yuen, Yat Chuen Yuen.
United States Patent |
3,772,717 |
Yuen , et al. |
November 20, 1973 |
INFLATABLE MATTRESSES AND CUSHIONS
Abstract
The invention provides an improved inflatable mattress
comprising at least two compartments situated one above the other,
at least one of the compartments being internally partitioned, and
an aperture in each of the said compartments whereby the said
compartments can be separately inflated.
Inventors: |
Yuen; Yat Chuen (N/A,
HK), Yuen; Kin Sun (N/A, HK) |
Family
ID: |
43088031 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/114,526 |
Filed: |
February 11, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
5/422; 5/711 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
21/044 (20130101); A47C 27/081 (20130101); A47C
21/048 (20130101); A47C 27/10 (20130101); A47C
21/006 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
27/10 (20060101); A47C 21/00 (20060101); A47c
027/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;5/348,349,350 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: McCall; James T.
Assistant Examiner: Calvert; Andrew M.
Claims
We claim:
1. An inflatable mattress comprising:
a. first, second, third and fourth layers of flexible and
impermeable material sealed along their peripheries to form upper,
middle and lower compartments;
b. transverse connections between said second and third layers
partitioning the middle compartment, certain of said connections
extending only partially across said compartment to permit fluid
flow therepast;
c. transverse seals connecting at least one of said first and
second layers and said third and fourth layers respectively at
locations between said connections in the middle compartment,
whereby the one of said second and third layers connected assumes a
zig-zag configuration on inflation, certain of said seals extending
only partially across said compartment to permit fluid flow
therepast, and
d. filling openings permitting the supply of fluid to all of said
compartments, such that the compartments can be pressurized to
different pressures.
2. The inflatable mattress of claim 1 in which transverse seals
connect both said first and second layers and said third and fourth
layers, respectively.
3. The mattress according to claim 1, wherein said connections in
the middle chamber are constituted by partitions.
4. The mattress according to claim 1, wherein said connections in
the middle chamber are constituted by seals.
5. The mattress according to claim 1, further including means for
heating fluid in the middle compartment.
6. The mattress according to claim 1, wherein one of said
connections fully divides the middle compartment into two chambers
and means are provided to connect each of said chambers via said
filling openings to the upper compartment whereby, on use of the
mattress, heating or cooling liquid can be forced by the user's
weight from the first chamber through the upper compartment to the
second chamber, said connecting means including a constriction to
slow down liquid flow and prolong the heating or cooling
effect.
7. The mattress according to claim 6, wherein one of said seals
fully divides the lower compartment into two independently
inflatable chambers.
8. The mattress according to claim 6 further including a one-way
valve interconnecting said chambers.
9. An inflatable mattress comprising:
a. a plurality of layers of flexible and impermeable material
defining an upper compartment situated above at least two lower
compartments, the upper compartment being internally
partitioned;
b. tubing connecting the upper compartment with the lower
compartments such that liquid can flow from one lower compartment,
through the upper compartment and into the other lower compartment
when the first of said lower compartments is filled with liquid and
the second is empty, and
c. a constriction in the fluid path between the first lower
compartment and the upper compartment to prevent over-rapid fluid
flow between the compartments.
10. The mattress according to claim 9, including a one-way valve
interconnecting said lower compartments.
Description
This invention concerns inflatable mattresses or cushions.
Known inflatable mattresses generally have two compartments
situated in side by side relation and each having one aperture
whereby the compartment can be inflated. Such mattresses suffer
from the disadvantage that accidental deflation of one of the
compartments renders the mattress useless or at least very
uncomfortable. Also, it is not possible using known inflatable
mattresses to apply an even and comfortable heat to the user of the
mattress over a considerable period of time since the user will be
separated from any heated fluid in the mattress only by the
relatively thin flexible wall of the mattress.
The present invention provides an improved mattress having at least
two compartments situated one above the other each having an
aperture whereby the compartment can be inflated.
A heating wire or a heated fluid in the lower compartment, being
separated from the upper surface of the mattress by the upper
fluid-filled compartment, will apply heat to the user of the
mattress at an even and comfortable rate.
Accidental deflation of one of the compartments of a mattress of
the invention will not cause undue discomfort to the user of the
mattress provided the other compartment remains inflated.
Also, one of the compartments may be filled with a heated liquid
without the mattress losing its resiliency which will be imparted
by filling the other compartment with a gas, e.g. air.
In an embodiment of the invention an inflatable mattress comprises
upper and lower layers of flexible material sealed together around
their perimeters. Partitions are fitted in the interior of the
mattress and are secured to the upper and lower layers. In addition
to the upper and lower layers, the mattress also has a third
central layer positioned between the other two layers and sealed
around its perimeter to the perimeters of the said upper and lower
layers. The mattress is thus divided into two compartments lying
one above the other. Each compartment has two apertures so that the
temperature of the mattress may be controlled by circulating
heating or cooling fluid or by fitting internally an electric
heating wire. Normally the temperature will be controlled only from
the lower of the two compartments (i.e. the compartment furthest
from the person using the mattress) although the upper compartment
may be used for additional temperature control if required. If
either compartment is not used for temperature control it may be
connected to a pump for applying pulsations to the mattress.
In another embodiment of the invention a mattress similar to that
of the previous embodiment but without the central flexible layer,
has two extra external layers attached to it, one above the said
upper layer of the mattress and the other below the said lower
layer. The extra layers are sealed around their perimeters to the
seam of the original upper and lower layers thus forming two extra
external compartments. The mattress therefore has two compartments
lying one above the other and each compartment has two apertures.
One or more of these compartments may be temperature controlled by
circulating heating or cooling fluid and for this purpose one of
more tubes extending into one or more of the compartments may be
provided to improve the circulation of the fluid. An electrical
heating wire may be fitted inside any of the three compartments and
any compartment not involved in the temperature control of the
mattress may be connected to a pump for applying pulsations to the
mattress.
In yet another embodiment of the invention a mattress is provided
similar in construction to that of the previous embodiment except
that the central compartment is partitioned by sealing together the
upper end lower layers at the locations previously occupied by the
partitions. The central compartment is therefore effectively
partitioned as before except that at one of the above-mentioned
locations the upper and lower layers are sealed together right
across the mattress dividing the central compartment into two
smaller compartments which communicate with each other only through
a one-way (non-return) valve. In a similar manner the lower
compartment is divided into two smaller non-communicating
compartments. The mattress therefore has a total of five
compartments, four smaller compartments lying beneath the top
compartment. Each of the smaller compartments has one aperture and
the top compartment has two apertures. In a preferred arrangement
each of the two central compartments is connected to the upper
compartment by means of a pipe. In operation the bottom two
compartments are normally inflated with air and one of the two
central compartments is filled with liquid at any desired
temperature. When a person lies on the mattress, liquid flows from
the filled central compartment through the upper compartment and
slowly into the second central compartment from where it can be
returned to the first central compartment through the one-way
valve. A heating wire may be fitted internally of any of the
compartments. Heating or cooling fluid may also be circulated
through the mattress as in previous embodiments and a pump for
applying pulsations to the mattress may be attached to any of the
compartments.
In yet a further embodiment of the invention a matress has five
horizontal compartments lying one above the other. The bottom four
of these compartments are each further divided into two
compartments so that the mattress has a total of nine compartments.
As in the previous embodiment it can be arranged that when a person
lies on the mattress, liquid contained in two of the compartments
will flow through a third compartment and into a fourth
compartment. Provision is also made for the liquid to be returned
to the first compartment after the mattress has been used. The
other compartments of the mattress are normally inflated with air
during use.
As in previous embodiments this mattress may be connected to fluid
circulating means for temperature control. It may also be connected
to a pump for applying pulsations to the mattress. A heating wire
may be fitted internally of the mattress.
Further features of the invention will become apparent from the
following particular description with reference to and as
illustrated by the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first mattress according to the
invention;
FIG. 2 is the section marked Y--Y on FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the power socket mounted on the mattress
shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a second mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 5 is an elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is an end view of part of the mattress illustrated in FIG. 4
showing the tube mounting.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a third mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 8 is an elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the aperture marked 58 on FIG. 7.
FIG. 10 is a side view of the aperture marked 55 on FIG. 7.
FIG. 11 is a side view of the aperture marked 53 on FIG. 7.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of a fourth mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 13 is an elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 is a side view of the power socket marked on FIG. 12.
FIG. 15 is a plan view of a fifth mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 16 is an elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 15.
FIG. 17 is a side view of the aperture marked 58 on FIG. 15.
FIG. 18 is an end view of part of the mattress shown in FIG. 15
showing the aperture marked 55.
FIG. 19 is a side view of the pipe marked 63 on FIG. 15.
FIG. 20 is a plan view of a sixth mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 21 is an elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 20.
FIG. 22 is a side view of the aperture 109 shown on FIG. 20.
FIG. 23 is a plan view of the seventh mattress according to the
invention.
FIG. 24 is the elevation of the mattress shown in FIG. 23.
FIG. 25 is a side view of an aperture of the mattress shown in FIG.
23.
FIG. 26 is an elevation of temperature regulating and fluid
circulating apparatus suitable for use with mattresses according to
the invention.
FIG. 27 is an elevation of a pump suitable for use with mattresses
according to the invention.
FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in which a
mattress 30 having two compartments 31 and 32 is formed of three
rectangular layers 33, 34 and 35 of flexible material sealed around
their perimeters. Partitions 36 extend longitudinally through both
the compartments 31 and 32. The lower compartment 32 has two
apertures 37 and 38. The aperture 37 is fitted with an electric
power socket 39 to which is attached a heating wire 40 which
extends throughout the lower compartment. The aperture 38 is used
to fill the compartment 32 with any suitable fluid and when the
mattress is in use it may be attached to a pump such as that
illustrated in FIG. 27 to apply pulsations to the mattress. The
upper compartment 31 also has two apertures 41 and 42 which may be
used to circulate heating or cooling fluid or may be connected to a
pump to apply pulsations to the mattress.
FIGS. 4 to 6 illustrate an embodiment similar to that of FIGS. 1 to
3 differing only in that the heating wire is replaced by a fluid
inlet pipe 43. Temperature control is therefore effected by fluid
circulation rather than by electrical heating. The reference
numerals in FIGS. 4 to 6 correspond to those used in FIGS. 1 to
3.
FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrate a mattress according to the invention
having three compartments 44, 45 and 46. The mattress comprises
four layers 47, 48, 49 and 50 sealed together around their
perimeters to form the three compartments. The central compartment
44 has partitions 51 attached to its upper and lower layers 48 and
49. The lowest layer 50 of the mattress is also attached to the
layer 49 along the crests 52 formed between the partitions 51 in
the central compartment 44. The lower compartment 45 has two
apertures 53 each provided with stoppers 54 (FIG. 11). Similarly
the upper compartment 46 has two apertures 55 with stoppers 56
(FIG. 10). The central compartment 44 communicates with the outside
of the mattress through necks 57 which pass between the upper and
lower compartments to apertures 58 provided with stoppers 59 (FIG.
9). The temperature of the mattress may be controlled by
circulating heating or cooling fluid through one or more of the
compartments 44, 45 and 46. The pump for applying pulsations to the
mattress may be connected to any of the compartments not involved
in temperature control.
FIGS. 12 to 14 illustrate a mattress similar in construction to
that of FIGS. 7 to 11. The reference numerals used in FIGS. 7 to 11
apply to corresponding parts of this embodiment. The difference
between this and the previous embodiment are as follows: (a) the
top layer 47 of the mattress is attached to the crests 60 of the
layer 48, (b) the apertures 53 and 55 are situated at different
ends of the mattress, (c) an electric power socket 61 is fitted to
one of the apertures 53, and (d) a heating wire 62 extends
throughout the lower compartment 45 from the power socket 61. Apart
from the heating of the lower compartment 45 by the wire 62, the
operation of this embodiment is the same as for the previous
embodiment.
FIGS. 15 to 19 illustrate an embodiment similar to that of FIGS. 12
to 14 except that the heating wire is omitted and fluid circulating
tubes 63 extend through the apertures 55 into the upper compartment
46. Each of the tubes 63 has apertures 64 along its length to
ensure even distribution of the circulating fluid.
The embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 19 and FIGS. 12 to 14
may be combined to form a mattress according to the invention in
which both the upper and lower compartments, 46 and 45, are
temperature controlled, one by circulating fluid and the other by a
heating wire.
FIGS. 20 to 22 illustrate another mattress according to the
invention. This mattress is formed, as in previous embodiments, by
sealing together four rectangular layers of flexible material 92,
93, 94 and 95. The two central layers 93 and 94 are sealed together
along the lines 96 which correspond to the partitions of previous
embodiments. One of the seals 96, marked 96A in the drawings,
extends right across the central compartment defined by the layers
93 and 94 thus effectively dividing it into two smaller
compartments. These compartments are shown at 97 and 98 in the
drawings. A one-way valve 99 is situated between the two
compartments 97 and 98 so that, under certain circumstances liquid
can flow from one to the other. The seals 96 extend only partially
across the mattress so that liquid is free to flow throughout the
compartments 97 and 98.
The top and bottom layers of the mattress 92 and 95 are sealed to
the layers 93 and 94 along the crests 100 and 101 between the seals
96. This sealing of the top and bottom layers is effected along the
lines indicated at 102 on FIG. 20 so that liquid passing through
the top compartment 103 (defined by layers 92 and 93) runs in
zig-zag fashion from one end of the mattress to the other. Along
the line 102A, the layers 94 and 95 are sealed together for the
full width of the mattress thus forming two compartments 104 and
105.
The mattress has therefore a total of five compartments 97, 98,
103, 104 and 105 each having at least one aperture through which
fluid can enter or leave the compartment. Compartments 104 and 105
have apertures 106 and 107 respectively. Compartments 97 and 98
have apertures 108 and 109 respectively which are connected through
pipes 110 and 111 to apertures 112 and 113 in the compartment 103.
The pipes 110 and 111 extend into the interiors of compartments 97
and 98 respectively, terminating in each case near the bottom wall
of the compartment. The aperture 109 has a restriction similar to
that indicated at 114 on FIG. 22. This allows liquid to flow only
relatively slowly through the pipe 111 from the compartment 103 to
compartment 98.
A preferred method of operating the mattress is as follows. First
the compartment 97 is substantially filled with water through the
aperture 108 by temporarily disconnecting the pipe 110.
Compartments 104 and 105 are then fully inflated with air and
compartments 103 and 98 (connected by the pipe 111) are partially
inflated with air by temporarily disconnecting pipe 110 or 111.
When a person lies on the mattress, the pressure in compartment 97
will increase and the water therein will begin to flow readily
through the pipe 110 and into compartment 103. The one-way valve 99
prevents the water from flowing directly into the compartment 98.
Once inside the compartment 103, the liquid flows in zig-zag
fashion along the troughs formed by the seals 96 to the other end
of the mattress where it passes through the pipe 111 and into the
compartment 98. The restriction 114 in the aperture 109 may be of
any suitable size but it is normally desirable for it to be of such
size that the water will flow for several hours. After use the
compartment 97 can be refilled by allowing the water in the
compartment 98 to flow back through the one-way valve 99.
It is possible by this method to control the temperature of the
person lying on the mattress for a considerable period. In a hot
climate, cold water is used which cools the body of the user of the
mattress as it flows through the compartment 103. Of course in a
cool climate, hot water may be used.
The mattress may be provided with a heating wire (not shown)
extending through the compartments 104 and 105. When it is required
to use the heating wire it is found convenient to inflate all the
compartments with air and invert the mattress.
As in the previous embodiments it is possible to arrange for
temperature controlled fluid to circulate in the mattress from an
external source. Also, a pump for applying pulsations to the
mattress may be connected to one or more of the compartments.
FIGS. 23 and 25 illustrate yet another mattress according to the
invention. Layers 115, 116 and 117 are sealed together in a similar
manner to the layers 92, 93 and 94 of the previous embodiment,
compartments 118, 119 and 120 corresponding to compartments 97, 98
and 103 of that embodiment. The layers 115, 116 and 117 comprise
the upper half of the mattress. The lower half of the mattress is
identical to the upper half, except for a few features which will
be explained later and comprises layers 121, 122 and 123. These
layers are sealed together in the same manner as layers 115, 116
and 117 except that layers 122 and 123 are sealed right across the
width of the mattress along the line 124 thus dividing lowest
compartment into two separate smaller compartments 125 and 126.
There is a further compartment formed between the two halves of the
mattress and this compartment is also divided into two separate
smaller compartments 128 and 129 by a partition 130.
The mattress therefore has nine compartments shown at 118, 119,
120, 125, 126, 128, 129, 131 and 132. A one-way valve 133 connects
compartment 129 with compartment 131 so that liquid can pass from
one to the other when desired. Stays 134 help to retain the shape
of the mattress when it is inflated.
Each of the compartments has at least one aperture through which
fluid can be introduced or withdrawn, compartments 125 and 126 have
apertures 135 and 136 respectively. Similarly compartments 131 and
132 have apertures 137 and 138 and compartments 128 and 129 have
apertures 139 and 140. Compartments 118 and 119 have apertures 141
and 142 and compartment 120 has apertures 143 and 144. Tubing 145
connects together the apertures 137, 139 and 143 so that liquid can
flow from compartments 131 and 128 into compartment 120 and vice
versa. Tubing 146 connects apertures 144 and 140 so that liquid can
flow from compartment 120 into compartment 129 and vice versa.
In a preferred method of operation compartments 118, 119, 125, 126
and 132 are fully inflated with air, compartments 120, 128 and 129
are partially inflated with air and compartment 131 is
substantially filled with water. Compartment 128 is also partially
filled with water. The tubes 146 and 145 which extend into the
compartments 128, 131 and 129 terminate near the bottom of the said
compartments.
When a person lies on the mattress, liquid is expelled from
compartments 128 and 131, through the tubing 145 and into
compartment 120 through which it flows in zig-zag fashion, finally
passing through the tube 146 into the compartment 129. The rate at
which the liquid flows from one compartment to the other is
predetermined by providing restrictions in one or more of the
apertures 137,139,143,144 and 140. These restrictions are similar
to that illustrated at FIG. 22 of the previous embodiment and
referenced 114. Preferably it is arranged so that the liquid takes
several hours to flow through compartment 120. After use, the
liquid can be returned from compartment 129 to compartments 128 and
131 by siphonic action or through the one-way valve 133. The
surface of the mattress 115 can be maintained at a comfortable
temperature for a period of some hours by choosing a suitable
temperature for the liquid initially in compartments 128 and 131;
or by regulating the size of the restriction in, for example,
aperture 140.
As in the previous embodiment heating or cooling fluid may be
circulated in the mattress from an external source. A pump for
applying pulsations to the mattress may also be connected to one or
more of the compartments if desired.
The mattress described in the above embodiments may be made from
any suitable material provided it is flexible and impermeable to
the fluids being used in the mattress. Suitable materials include
rubber, plastics such as PVC and the like. The layers of the
mattress may be attached to each other by welding or by adhesive or
in any other convenient way provided that the fluid used in the
mattress cannot escape through the joint.
FIG. 26 illustrates a fluid temperature controlling and circulating
system suitable for use with mattresses according to the invention.
A pump 84 circulates the fluid in the direction indicated by the
arrows. The circulating fluid passes through a temperature control
compartment which contains for this purpose an electrically powered
heating element 86 and a pipe 87 for connection to a cooling
system.
FIG. 27 illustrates a reciprocating pump 88 suitable for attachment
to mattresses according to the invention. The pump has an input
pipe and an output pipe. In operation, both the input pipe and the
output pipe will be attached to a mattress and the reciprocating
motion of the bellows 91 of the pump will apply pulsations to the
mattress. The use of such a pump in conjunction with mattresses
according to the invention is often found desirable since pulsation
of the mattress can have a pleasant or soothing effect on the user
of the mattress.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other
embodiments may be constructed which lie within the spirit and
scope of the present invention.
* * * * *