U.S. patent number 3,772,537 [Application Number 05/301,425] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-13 for electrostatically actuated device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to TRW Inc.. Invention is credited to Richard P. Clifford, James A. Moses.
United States Patent |
3,772,537 |
Clifford , et al. |
November 13, 1973 |
ELECTROSTATICALLY ACTUATED DEVICE
Abstract
An electrostatic device having a relatively thin and flexible
electrode strip, such as a metal coated plastic film or metal foil,
which is secured to and normally curls away from an electrode
member and is caused to electrostatically unfurl along the member
by impressing a voltage between the member and strip. The device is
capable of varied uses and is described in connection with its use
as a thermal control louver and a light valve or shutter.
Inventors: |
Clifford; Richard P. (Newport
Beach, CA), Moses; James A. (Torrance, CA) |
Assignee: |
TRW Inc. (Redondo Beach,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23163293 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/301,425 |
Filed: |
October 27, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
310/309; 83/658;
361/233; 83/451; 200/181 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E06B
9/24 (20130101); H02N 1/006 (20130101); G02B
26/02 (20130101); Y10T 83/748 (20150401); Y10T
83/9309 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E06B
9/24 (20060101); H02N 1/00 (20060101); H02n
001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/93.4NC,93.4R
;317/262E ;200/181 ;310/5,6,7,2 ;318/116 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Byrnes, "Electrostatic Fluid Pump" IBM Tech Disclosure Bulletin,
Vol. 11, No. 4, 9/68..
|
Primary Examiner: Duggan; D. F.
Claims
What is claimed as new in support of Letters Patent is:
1. An electrostatic device comprising:
an electrode member;
a relatively thin and resiliently flexible electrode strip secured
at one end to said electrode member and having its opposite end
portion preformed to normally curl away from said electrode member
into a coil;
means electrically insulating said electrode member and strip from
one another; and
means for impressing a voltage between said electrode member and
strip to cause said coiled end portion of said strip to unfurl
along said member.
2. An electrostatic device according to claim 1 wherein:
said electrode member comprises a plate and said electrode strip
comprises a thin sheet material such as metal coated plastic film,
metal foil or the like.
3. An electrostatic device according to claim 1 wherein:
said device is a thermal control louver;
said electrode member comprises a thermal energy radiator having
high thermal emittance; and
said electrode strip has low thermal emittance.
4. An electrostatic device according to claim 1 wherein:
said device is a thermal control louver;
said electrode member comprises a thermal energy absorber having
high thermal absorbance; and
said electrode strip has low thermal absorbance.
5. An electrostatic device according to claim 1 wherein:
said device is a light valve;
said electrode member is transparent to light; and
said electrode strip is opaque to light.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field
This invention relates generally to electrostatically actuated
devices, and more particularly to an electrostatic device having a
normally curled electrode strip which is caused to unfurl by
electrostatic action.
2. Prior Art
A wide variety of devices have been devised which utilize
electrostatic forces to move a part from one position to another. A
few of the prior art patents disclosing such devices are listed
below: U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,568,824; 2,885,509; 2,885,511; 2,927,255;
2,931,954; 2,942,077; 3,553,364.
Most, if not all, of these and other electrostatic devices which
have been developed to date are designed for a specific use, such
as a relay, light valve, etc.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a novel electrostatic device capable
of many diverse uses. This electrostatic device has a relatively
thin and flexible electrode strip which is secured to and normally
curls away from an electrode member. A voltage is impressed between
the electrode member and strip in such a way that the resulting
electrostatic attraction force between the member and strip causes
the latter to unfurl along the member.
In the particular electrostatic devices described, the electrode
member is a plate and the electrode strip is a metal coated plastic
film or a metal foil. This strip is preformed to normally curl into
a coil. The outer end of the coiled strip is secured to one side of
the electrode plate with electrical insulation between the plate
and strip and with the coil curling away from the plate. When the
electrode plate and strip are electrified, the strip unfurls across
the surface of the plate and then returns to its coiled
configuration when the voltage is removed.
This electrostatic device is capable of many diverse uses. Two
different devices are described. One is a thermal central louver.
The other is a light valve or shutter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a thermal control louver
according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a light valve according to
the invention; and
FIG. 3 is an enlargement of the area encircled by the arrow 3 in
FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The electrostatic device or thermal control louver 10 of FIG. 1 has
an electrode member 12 including a flat metal plate 13. The upper
surface of this plate is coated with a dielectric film 14. Louver
10 has a second electrode 16 in the form of a relatively thin and
elastically flexible strip which may comprise metal coated plastic
film, such as aluminized Mylar, or a metal foil. This electrode
strip is preformed to normally curl into a coil 18, as shown in
full lines. The outer end 19 of the strip is adhesively bonded or
otherwise secured to the upper coated surface of the electrode
member 12 with the coil 18 curling away from the member.
Louver 10 may be utilized as either a controllable thermal energy
radiator for regulating radiant heat transfer from a heat source
below the electrode member 12 to a heat sink above the member, as
shown in FIG. 1, or as a controllable thermal energy absorber for
regulating radiant heat transfer from a heat source above the
electrode member to a heat sink below the member. In the case of
the radiator, the electrode member 12 has a high thermal emittance
and the electrode strip 16 has a low thermal emittance. This low
thermal emittance of the strip may be attained by making the strip
from a material which has low thermal emittance or by coating the
strip with a low emittance material. In the case of the thermal
energy absorber, the electrode member 12 has a high thermal
absorbance and the electrode strip 16 has a low thermal
absorbance.
Louver 10 has an electrifying circuit 20. This circuit includes a
d-c voltage source 22 having one terminal connected to the
electrode plate 13 and its other terminal connected to the
electrode strip 16. A switch 24 is provided for interrupting the
circuit and a current-limiting resistor 26 is connected in series
with the battery.
When the switch 24 is open, the electrode strip 16 remains in its
solid line coiled configuration. Under these conditions, the strip
uncovers the upper thermal radiating surface of the electrode
member 12 and maximum radiant heat transfer occurs between the heat
source and heat sink through the plate.
When the switch 24 is closed, the terminal voltage of the d-c
source 22 is impressed between the electrode plate 13 and strip 16.
This voltage electrifies the plate and strip with opposite
electrical polarity. The resulting electrostatic attraction force
between the plate and strip causes the strip to unfurl across the
electrode member, as indicated in broken lines in FIG. 1. The strip
then covers the electrode member to reduce heat transfer between
the heat source and heat sink. Reopening the switch 24 removes the
impressed voltage and hence the electrostatic attraction force. The
elastic strain energy stored in the electrode strip in its unfurled
condition causes the strip to recurl itself to its coiled
configuration and thereby restore the radiant heat transfer to its
original high value. If desired, the switch 24, when opened to
interrupt the electrifying circuit 20, may complete a short circuit
path 28 for short-circuiting the electrode plate and strip to
rapidly dissipate the charges on the plate and strip. Also, the d-c
source 22 may be adjustable to permit unfurling of the strip to and
retention of the strip in any selected partially unfurled position,
so as to permit finer control of the radiant heat transfer between
the heat source and sink.
The electrostatic light valve or shutter 100 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is
similar to the thermal control louver just described except for
replacement of the metal electrode plate 13 and dielectric film 14
of the louver by an electrode plate 102, dielectric film 104, and
intervening electrically conductive film 106 which are transparent
to the wavelength of the light to be controlled, and use of an
electrode strip 108 which is opaque to such light. The terminals of
the electrifying circuit 110 are connected to the electrode strip
108 and the conductive film 106.
When the circuit switch 112 is closed, the electrode strip 108
unfurls across the electrode plate 102 to block passage of light
through the plate. Opening the switch permits the strip to recurl
to its coiled configuration and permit light passage through the
plate. It will be understood that the strip 108 may not be totally
opaque to light but only to those wavelengths to the
controlled.
* * * * *