U.S. patent number 3,771,708 [Application Number 05/201,034] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-13 for method and apparatus for automatically stapling tape.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Berryfast, Inc.. Invention is credited to Frank De Nicola, G. Edward Vallender.
United States Patent |
3,771,708 |
De Nicola , et al. |
November 13, 1973 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY STAPLING TAPE
Abstract
Sheet material is fastened to a base by means of a tape which is
extended along the sheet material. Staples are periodically and
automatically driven through the sheet material into the base so as
to enclose the tape, thereby fastening the tape and the sheet
material to the base. The tape is in the form of a continuous
strip.
Inventors: |
De Nicola; Frank (Visalia,
CA), Vallender; G. Edward (Visalia, CA) |
Assignee: |
Berryfast, Inc. (Tulare,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22744200 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/201,034 |
Filed: |
November 22, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
227/111;
227/120 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B27F
7/34 (20130101); E04D 15/04 (20130101); B27F
7/006 (20130101); B27F 7/26 (20130101); E04D
2015/045 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B27F
7/00 (20060101); B27F 7/34 (20060101); B27F
7/26 (20060101); E04D 15/04 (20060101); E04D
15/00 (20060101); B27f 007/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;227/111,120,130,156 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Custer, Jr.; Granville Y.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. Apparatus for the attachment of overlapping strips of roofing
paper to a roof comprising:
a stapling machine including a magazine holding staples and a
stapler head, the magazine and head being disposed perpendicular to
one another;
a first pair of support wheels attached to the magazine, one on
either side thereof, remote from the stapler head so as to support
the magazine from the roof;
a second pair of support wheels connected to the stapling machine
at the stapler head, one on either side thereof, so as to support
the stapler head from the roof;
a handle connected to the stapling machine at the stapler head and
extending upwardly away therefrom in the direction of the magazine;
means on said handle for supporting a coil of flat, nonmetallic
tape so that the coil is freely rotatable about its own axis;
and
means for feeding tape from the coil around the stapler head
adjacent a staple drive blade contained in the stapler head so that
staples driven by the blade enclose the tape.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, and including
periodic actuation means attached to one of said second pair of
support wheels for periodically actuating the stapling machine in
response to rotation of said one of the second support wheels.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, and including
control means mounted on said handle for controlling the actuation
and deactuation of said periodic actuation means.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 and including
a guide roller;
a lever;
means rotatably connecting the guide roller at one end of said
lever;
means rotatably connecting the other of said second support wheels
to the lever at the other end of said lever; and,
means pivotally connecting said lever to the stapling machine
between the guide roller and the other of said second support
wheels.
5. Apparatus for stapling tape on a base comprising:
a frame;
means for attaching a coil of narrow flexible tape to the frame so
as to be freely rotatable about the axis of the coil;
wheel means attached to the frame so that the frame may be rolled
along the base so as to move the coil of tape therealong;
a stapling machine attached to-the frame and having a stapler head
disposed so as to be immediately adjacent the base;
tape guide means for guiding tape from the tape coil past the
stapler head;
means for feeding staples to the stapler head so that a staple is
driven into the base to enclose the tape when the stapling machine
is actuated; and
means to move the stapler head, relative to the base, in the same
direction as a surface discontinuity in the base, upon the approach
of the stapler head to said discontinuity.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, and in which the means for moving the
stapler head includes
a roller;
a lever;
means rotatably connecting a wheel of said wheel means to a first
end of said lever and the roller to an end of the lever opposite
the first end; and
means pivotally connecting e lever to the frame so that said wheel
is laterally adjacent the stapler head and the roller is forward of
the stapler head, the lever pivotal connection means being disposed
between the wheel and the roller
7. The apparatus of claim 5, and including means for periodically
actuating the stapling machine.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, and including means for periodically
actuating the stapling machine.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to method and apparatus for attaching sheet
material, and more particularly roofing sheet material, to a base,
or roof, and the product thereof.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Sheet roofing materials, such as asphalt treated paper, felt, and
the like, have long been in use as a covering for a bare roof
surface, prior to the application to the roof surface of a weather
proofing material, such as asphalt. Sheet materials are
conventionally laid out upon a roof in strips so as to overlap at
their edges. In order to hold the sheets to the roof, it is
necessary to attach the sheets together at the overlapping edges
and, in addition, where the sheets are of a substantial width, to
attach the individual sheets themselves to the roof between
adjacent edge attachments. While a variety of systems have been
utilized for making this attachment, the system generally used at
present is to place a thin metal disc at the point of attachment,
and drive a nail through the disc into the roof surface. The disc
provides an extended head area for the nail, so as to inhibit the
sheet material from being pulled away from the nail itself. Because
of the tearing characteristics of the sheet material, rips often
occur between adjacent points of attachment, either during working
upon the roof prior to the weather proofing material application,
or by reason of wind and the like. Furthermore, manual nailing of
the discs to the sheet material is laborious, time consuming and
expensive.
SUMMARY
The present invention has method, apparatus, and product aspects.
In its method aspect, the invention generally comprises providing a
moveable frame having connected thereto a continuous strip of
narrow flexible tape which may be supplied in the form of a coil
attached to the frame so as to be rotatable about the coil axis,
and a stapling machine having a stapler head, passing the tape
beneath the stapler head, moving the frame along sheet material
which rests on a base so that the stapler head is immediately
adjacent the sheet material, periodically actuating the stapling
machine to staple the tape to the base through the sheet material
while so moving the frame along the sheet material, and
continuously pulling tape from the tape supply by means of the
successively last applied staple as the frame is moved along the
sheet material during te periodic stapling.
In its product aspect, the present invention generally comprises a
base having sheet material attached thereto by means of a plurality
of generally parallel tapes which are spaced one from another and
overlying the sheet material so as to be separated from the base
thereby, and a plurality of staples spaced along the tapes so as to
enclose the tape and extend through the sheet material into the
base, thereby holding the sheet material to the base and providing,
by reason of the parallel tapes, resistance against tearing or
removal of the sheet material between the staples along the lengths
of the tapes.
In its apparatus aspects, the present invention generally comprises
a frame, a source of narrow flexible tape connected to the frame,
wheel means attached to the frame so that the frame may be rolled
along a surface so as to move the tape along the surface, a
stapling machine attached to the frame and having a stapler head
disposed so as to be immediately adjacent the surface upon which
the frame is being rolled, tape guide means for guiding tape from
the source past the stapler head, a source of staples, means for
feeding the staples to the stapler head so that a staple is driven
into the surface so as to enclose the tape when the stapling
machine is actuated, and means for periodically actuating the
stapling machine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention may be more readily understood by referring to the
accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a view of the apparatus and product of the present
invention, illustrating the method of practice thereof;
FIG. 2 is a view of the apparatus of the present invention, in its
preferred embodiment, and illustrating in greater detail the
application of tape according to the method of the present
invention to produce the product thereof;
FIG. 3 is a front elevation of a portion of the apparatus
illustrated in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view, partially broken away, taken along lines 4--4 of
FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view, partially in section, taken along lines 5--5 of
FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a view, partially in section, taken along lines 6--6 of
FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a view, partially in section, generally similar to FIG. 6
but illustrating a different disposition of the components shown
therein;
FIG. 8 is a view taken along lines 8--8 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view taken along lines 9--9 of FIG.
3;
FIG. 10 is a front elevation of an alternate embodiment of the
apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 11 is a view taken along lines 11--11 of FIG. 10; and
FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view illustrating a portion of the
product of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown an operator 10 walking
along sheet material 12 in the form of an elongated rectangular
strip. Adjacent the sheet material 12 are additional units of sheet
material 14A, 14B. The sheets 12, 14A, 14B are supported on a base
16. For purposes of explanation, the sheets 12 and 14 may be
considered to be roofing paper, and the base 16 to be a bare roof,
awaiting the application of some type of weather proofing. The
operator 10 is pushing a tape stapler 20 over the sheet material
12, 14. The tape stapler 20 is actuated by compressed air from a
compressed air source (not shown) which supplies air through an air
hose 22 to a compressed air junction box 24 which is strapped to
the back of the operator 10. From the compressed air junction box a
compressed air transfer hose 26 extends around to the front of the
operator for applying compressed air to the tape stapler 20. In
FIG. 1, the sheets 12 and 14A have been attached to the base 16 by
means of staples (not shown due to size) which have been driven
through the sheets 12, 14A so as to enclose tapes 28, which have
been unrolled from a coil of tape 30 carried by the tape stapler 20
and stapled to the base through the sheet material by the tape
stapler 20. As seen in FIG. 1, the tapes 28 are generally laid out
in parallel relationship to one another. By a comparison of the
width of the sheet materials 14A, 14B, 12 with the lateral spacing
of the tapes 28, it will be apparent that certain tapes overlay the
overlap between adjacent pieces of sheet material and other tapes
extend generally down the central portion of the sheets. As will be
explained hereinafter, this type of tape spacing provides
additional fastening strength for fastening the sheet material to
the base.
In FIG. 2, the tape stapler 20 is shown in greater detail. In
addition, FIG. 2 illustrates the overlapping of the adjacent sheet
materials 12 and 14 to produce a raised overlap 32, onto which the
tape 28 from the roll of tape 30 is unrolled immediately prior to
stapling. In FIG. 2, staples 34 are shown as enclosing the tape 28
and passing through the overlap 32 of the sheets so as to extend
into the base 16.
The tape stapler 20 consists generally of a frame having a tubular
handle 36, to the end of which the compressed air transfer hose 26
is connected by a coupling 38. The compressed air may then pass
through the tubular handle 36 for application to a stapling machine
40, so as to actuate the stapling machine to drive the staples 34.
A staple magazine 42 contains a supply of staples and is of
conventional construction, as is the stapling machine 40 itself.
Such are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,200,716, issued
Aug. 17, 1965, C. V. LeSage, inventor.
The frame includes a pair of rear wheels 44 which are mounted to
the staple magazine 42 so as to support the rear end thereof. A
left front wheel 46, a right front wheel 48 and a guide roller 50,
in addition to the rear wheels 44, are included in the frame and
ride along the sheet material. The purpose of the guide roller 50
will be described further hereinafter.
A compressed air control valve 52, has an elongated actuator arm 54
terminating in an actuator knob 56. As will be apparent, the
actuator knob is immediately adjacent the hands of the operator 10
when the apparatus is in operation. The compressed air control
valve 52 is of conventional construction, such that pushing on the
actuator knob 56 will open the valve, so as to permit compressed
air contained in the tubular handle 34 to pass through the
compressed air control valve 52 and into a compressed air transfer
hose 58 for application to the stapling machine 40. While the
compressed air control value may, if desired, be used to trigger
the stapling machine, in the preferred embodiment illustrated,
hereinafter described, when the compressed air control valve has
been opened to supply compressed air to the stapling machine.
The frame has a tape guide 60 attached thereto, through which tape
from the tape coil 30 passes. A secondary tape guide 62 is attached
to the stapling machine 40 to provide for initial centering of the
tape as it leaves the coil 30 and proceeds through the tape guide
60. The disposition of the tape guide 60, with respect to the
stapler head of the stapling machine and the sheet material, will
be described hereinafter in greater detail with respect to FIG.
4.
FIG. 3 is a front elevation of the stapling machine 40 and
associated components, illustrating in greater detail the
attachment of the wheels 46, 48. The left front wheel 46 is
attached to the frame by means of a left front wheel mounting
bracket 64, through which a threaded axle 66 extends. The wheel 46
is mounted on the threaded axle 66 and held in position by a pair
of axle nuts 68. The left wheel mounting bracket also supplies a
rigid mounting for the base of the tubular handle 36. The tubular
handle base is sealed by means of a base plate (see FIG. 5) which
is attached to the left front wheel mounting bracket 64 by three
bolts 70. The right front wheel 48 is attached to a right front
wheel axle 72 by an axle nut 74. The right front wheel axle 72 is
fixed to a wheel lever arm 76. The wheel lever arm 76 is pivotally
attached to a right front wheel bracket 78 by a threaded pivot bolt
80 and nut 82 and separated from the bracket 78 by a pivot washer
84. If desired, the brackets 64, 78 may be made as a single,
unitary structure. The guide roller 50 is mounted on a guide rotler
axle 86 by a nut 88. The guide roller axle 86 is attached to the
right wheel lever arm 76. The guide roller 50 is separated from a
lever arm extension 90 and the nut 88 by a pair of washers 92.
fIG. 4 is a side elevation of the right front wheel 48 and right
wheel lever arm 76. As will be seen in FIG. 4, the tape guide 60
receives the tape 28 and guides the tape in a tangential relation
with the surface on which the tape stapler 20 rests. FIG. 4 also
illustrates the relationship between the guide roller 50, and right
wheel lever arm 76, and the right wheel 48, with respect to the
stapler 20. As will be apparent from FIG. 4, when the guide roller
50 rises, the lever arm 76 pivots, forcing the right wheel 48
downward, so as to raise the stapling machine 40 slightly from the
position shown in FIG. 3. Conversely, when the guide roller 50
lowers from the position shown in FIG. 3, the right wheel 48 rises
from the position shown in FIG. 3, and the stapling machine 40 is
slightly lowered from the position shown in FIG. 3.
Referring now to FIG. 5, a view, partially in section, taken along
lines 5--5 of FIG. 3, again illustrates the relationship between
the guide roller 50, right wheel lever arm 76, right wheel 48,
stapling machine 40 and magazine 42. In addition, in FIG. 5, the
means for attachment of the tubular handle 36 to the stapling
machine 20 is illustrated. The tubular handle 36 is sealed at its
base to hold the compressed air in the handle 36 by means of a base
plate 94 which is attached by the bolts 70 (not shown, see FIG. 3)
to the left front wheel mounting bracket 64. The left front wheel
mounting bracket 64 also has an axle support arm 96, shown more
clearly in FIG. 5, through which the threaded axle 66 extends.
Compressed air, contained in the tubular handle 36, is sealed
within the handle by the base plate 94. The elongated actuator arm
54 is mounted on the tubular arm 36 by means of amounting bracket
98 and normally biased so as to close the control valves 52 by a
bias spring 98A. When the control valve 52 is opened by depression
of the elongated actuator arm 54, the compressed air from the
tubular handle 36 passes through a control valve inlet coupling
100, the control valve 52, and a control valve outlet connector 102
to actuate a normally closed compressed air inlet valve 104.
Compressed air contained in the tubular handle 36 is applied to the
normally closed inlet of the compressed air supply valve 104
through a supply valve inlet coupling 106. When the compressed air
supply valve 104 is opened, the compressed air from the tubular
handle passes through the valve inlet coupling 106, the compressed
air supply valve 104, a compressed air supply valve outlet coupling
108 and a stapling machine compressed air supply coupling 110, in
order to provide the compressed air necessary for stapling machine
40 operation.
Actuation of the stapling machine 40 is accomplished by application
of pulses of compressed air, generated by means of an actuator
valve 112, which is normally closed, and which, when opened,
supplies compressed air from the tubular handle 36 to an actuator
coupling 114. The actuator coupling 114 is connected to the
stapling machine by any conventional method, appropriate for the
particular type of stapling machine being utilized, in order to
apply compressed air to the appropriate location in the stapling
machine to initiate a stapling operation. By way of example, the
stapling machine shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,200,716, may be utilized,
in which event the actuator valve 112 is a mechanical equivalent
of, and replaces, the trigger assembly shown therein, so that the
compressed air pulse provided by actuation of the actuator valve
112 corresponds to the compressed air pulse generated by the
trigger assembly to initiate a stapling operation.
FIG. 6 is a view taken along lines 6--6 of fIG. 3, partially in
section, to illustrate the relative disposition of the actuator
valve 112 with respect to the tape stapler 20. For purposes of
clarity, the actuator coupling 114, shown in FIG. 5, is not shown
in FIG. 6. The left front wheel 46 is shown partially in section,
and has a tire 116 mounted on a wheel rim 118. Also mounted on the
wheel rim 118 is an actuator block 120, of arcuate configuration,
which has a sloping face 122 at each end thereof. The actuator
block 120 is attached to the wheel rim 118 by bolts (not shown, see
FIG. 8). The actuator valve 112 has an actuator button 124
extending outwardly therefrom toward the wheel rim 118. Compression
of the actuator button 124 opens the actuator valve 112, so as to
permit the passage of compressed air from the tubular handle 36
through the actuator valve 112 and into the actuator coupling 114.
Rotation of the wheel 46 moves the actuator block 120 toward the
actuator valve 112, causing the actuator button 124 to engage the
sloping face 122. When the sloping face 122 depresses the actuator
button 124 sufficiently, the actuator valve 112 opens.
FIG. 7 is a view, similar to FIG. 6, but illustrating the actuator
valve with its actuator button depressed by the actuator block 120.
FIG. 8 is a view, taken long lines 8--8 of FIG. 6, illustrating the
wheel 46 in its preferred embodiment, as having two actuator blocks
120. FIG. 8 shows the actuator button 124 and the actuator blocks
120 in the disposition shown in FIG. 6.
FIG. 9 is a view, partially in section, illustrating in greater
detail the relationship between the stapling machine 40 and the
guide 60 with respect to the sheet material 12 and base 16 at the
point of stapling. The stapling machine 40 has a stapler head 126.
The stapler head has a cylindrical body portion 128 within which
the drive piston (not shown) reciprocates. A drive blade 130,
attached to the drive piston passes into a nose portion 132 of the
stapler head 126. The hose portion 132 is attached to the stapler
head 126 by a bolt 134 and to the magazine 42 by additional bolts
(not shown). As will be apparent, the stapler head shown in FIG. 9
conforms generally to the stapler head of the device shown in FIG.
1 of the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,200,716. However, the tape guide
60 has been added by means of a mounting bracket 136 and support
arm 138. The mounting bracket 136 is bolted to the nose portion 132
by means of bolts 140. As will be seen in FIG. 9, the tape guide 60
terminates adjacent the drive blades 130, so that the tape 28, as
it passes over the tape guide 60, initially contacts the sheet
material 12 immediately adjacent the point of stapling, which is
defined by the point at which the drive blade is actuated so as to
drive one of the staples 34 from the magazine 42 through the sheet
material into the base 16.
FIG. 10 is a front elevation of a tape stapler 20A illustrating an
alternate embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, tape 28
from the tape stapler 20A passes over a guide wheel 142, which is
held in position by a mounting bracket 144 attached to the stapling
machine 40 by bolts 146. After passing over the tape guide wheel
142, the tape 28 passes over a tape feed wheel 148. In the
embodiment of fIG. 10, the tape stapler 20A has a pair of wheel
mounting brackets 150A, 150B, which, if desired, may be combined as
a single unitary structure. The wheel mounting bracket 150A is
generally similar to the left front wheel mounting bracket 64 of
the first embodiment. The wheel mounting bracket 150B is the
general mirror image of the wheel mounting bracket 150A. The wheels
46, 48 are mounted to the wheel mounting brackets 150A, 150B in the
same manner as the wheel 46 was mounted on the left front wheel
mounting bracket 64 in the prior embodiment, and like numbers are
therefore used to designate the components. The tape feed wheel 148
is attached to the wheel mounting brackets 150A, 150B by means of a
tape feed wheel support 152 and bolts 154. The tape feed wheel 148
proper being mounted on an axle formed by a bolt 156 which extends
through the feed wheel support 152 and which is held in place by a
nut 158.
FIG. 11 is a view taken along lines 11--11 of FIG. 10, illustrating
the general arrangement of the tape feed system of the alternate
embodiment with respect to the tape stapling machine 40. The
stapling machine 40 is actuated in the same manner as was described
heretofore with respect to the first embodiment. As will be noted
from FIG. 11, the tape makes initial contact with the sheet
material 12 upon which the tape stapler rests immediately adjacent
the stapler head of the stapling machine.
The alternative embodiment of tape stapler shown in FIGS. 10 and 11
operates generally in the same manner as that heretofore described
with respect to FIGS. 1 through 9. The staplingmachine has a
stapler head under which the tape 28 is passed, and stapling is
initiated and compressed air supplied in the same manner as
heretofore described.
FIG. 12 is a view, in section, illustrating the product of the
method and apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the
staple 34 is shown as enclosing the tape 28 and passing through an
overlapping seam between sheet material 12 and sheet material 14,
so as to hold the two pieces of sheet material 12, 14 together and
to extend into the base 16. Thus, the tape 28 and sheet material
12, 14 are attached firmly to the base 16 by means of the staple
34. When additional fastening of the sheet material to the base is
required between overlapping seams, the product of the present
invention would consist solely of a single sheet, either sheet 12
or 14, through which the staple 34 has been driven and against
which the tape 28 is held by the staple.
By using the long continuous strips of tape to hold the sheet
material to the base by the present invention, rather than separate
individual discs or equivalent materials which are individually
fastened through the sheet material to the base, as is the practice
in the prior art, the sheet material is more firmly fastened to the
base. Thus, it has been found that the tape itself, intermediate of
the staples, exerts a fastening or holding effect upon the sheet
material, so as to inhibit tearing of the sheet material from the
base.
In order to more clearly set out the method and product of the
present invention, the operation of the apparatus of the present
invention will be summarized with respect to the two described
embodiments. As will be apparent, the difference between the two
embodiments is the apparatus by which the tape is passed under the
stapler head so that the staple is driven at or immediately
adjacent the point of contact of the tape with the sheet material.
In the first embodiment, a rigid tape guide is used, while in the
second embodiment a freely rotatable tape feed wheel is used. In
both embodiments, it is extremely important that the stapler head,
and consequently the tape as it passes under the stapler head, be
kept immediately adjacent the sheet material. The structural
differences between the two embodiments provide two different types
of apparatus for insuring this adjacency.
In normal operation, if it could be assured that the sheet material
and base were comparatively smooth, so that no bumps or dips
existed, insuring that the tape contacted the sheet material at a
point in close proximity to the stapler head would be relatively
simple. However, in actual practice bumps, ridges, dips and other
surface irregularities exist. If the stapler head is mounted so as
to be fixed in position only slightly separated from the sheet
material, an irregularity in the sheet material which rises above
the termination of the stapler head will cause the movement of the
tape stapler along the sheet material to be stalled when the staple
head contacts the irregularity. Because of the four-wheeled rigid
base structure tape stapler provided generally by the magazine, the
tape stapler is not readily tilted upwardly at its front to clear
such obstructions. In order to avoid such stalling of the tape
stapler in the first embodiment, the guide roller 50, when it
encounters such an obstruction, rises, and by reason of the lever
arm involved, forces the right front wheel 48 downwardly, so as to
slightly raise the stapler head. It will be apparent that the
relative lengths of the lever arms involved in mounting the guide
roller and the right front wheel are proportioned to clear such
obstructions as will normally be encountered. In the first
embodiment, if a dip in the surface is encountered, the guide
roller will lower, raising the right front wheel 48 and lowering
the stapler head so as to continue the close adjacency of the
stapler head and the sheet material.
In contrast to the first embodiment, which provides for
compensating movement of the stapler head to maintain close
adjacency with the sheet material for either type of irregularity
in the sheet material or base while preventing stalling of the tape
stapler movement, the second embodiment only provides for upward
movement of the stapler head in order to avoid stalling of the tape
stapler when it encounters ridges or bumps in the surface. When
such a ridge or bump is encountered, the tape feed wheel 148 rides
over the discontinuity, so as to raise the tape stapler head and
permit clearance of the stapler head. For a very narrow abrupt
bump, the second embodiment may stall, whereas the first
embodiment, because of the curved staple guide, would permit the
tape stapler to be readily pushed over the bump. Nor does the
second embodiment provide for stapler head position compensation
for dips.
Upon initiating the stapling operation, tape from the coil is fed
past the stapler head, and the tape stapling machine is actuated,
so as to fasten the tape to the base and sheet material. The tape
stapler is then rolled along the sheet material, the tape stapler
being periodically automatically actuated by means of the actuator
block 120 and actuator valve 112. Such an operation, in its method,
generally comprises laying a continuous strip of tape along the
base and the sheet material so as to rest on the sheet material and
periodically driving staples which laterally enclose the strip of
tape through the sheet material into the base substantially
contemporaneously with the initial contact between the strip of
tape and the sheet material at each point of stapling.
In the particular configurations shown for the tape staplers 20,
20A, the tape is in the form of a coil which is mounted on an axle,
core, or the like, so as to be rotatably attached to the handle 36.
Thus, the coil of tape is free to rotate, so as to pay out the tape
as required. The tape is paid out by being pulled by means of the
last applied of the staples 34, which fasten the tape to the sheet
material and base. While, in the embodiments referred to above, a
coil of tape is utilized, it wil be understood that any source of a
continuous strip of tape may be utilized, so long as the tape may
be freely fed to a point adjacent the stapler head for stapling to
the sheet material and base.
In actual operation, various types of stapling may be utilized. For
example, the staples may be driven at an angle of 25.degree. to
30.degree., or the staples may be driven vertically. If driven
vertically, the staples may have divergent ends, if desired. The
particular holding capacity associated with the product of the
present invention will vary somewhat depending upon the type of
stapling operation utilized. In addition, the holding capacity will
vary greatly, depending upon the material which constitutes the
base. Typically, the base material may be gypsum concrete, wood, or
zonolite. The use of zonolite greatly reduces the holding capacity
of the product of the present invention with respect to the holding
capacity exhibited if wood or gypsum is used. The sheet material
utilized may be any of the large number of commercially available
sheet materials, which may vary from simple treated roofing paper
to asphalt felt type sheet materials. The base material may also,
for example, be metal, and it is therefore understood that the
terms base material and sheet material, as used herein, are to be
interpreted as generic to these types of materials, and not limited
to any particular compositon or combination of compositions.
By way of example, one series of tests show the following results
with respect to the vertical pull out loads. In the tests, roofing
felt was attached to gypsum concrete by using the staple and tape
conbimation of the present invention, and by using the conventional
practice of driving nails through discs. The felt samples were
approximately 1 square foot in size. In attachment by staple and
tape, two 2 inch staples were applied to each of two lengths of
tape, of approximately three-eighth inches in width, so as to hold
the felt to the gypsum concrete. The nails and discs were similarly
situated. After attachment, by staples or nails, hot roofing
asphalt was poured over the test space and a plywood panel imbedded
therein. Loads were applied vertically to the center of the plywood
and the force necessary to extract the plywood asphalt felt section
from the gypsum concrete were determined. The staples were driven
at an angle of about 25.degree.. The tests showed that the force
required to separate the plywood asphalt felt section from the
gypsum concrete, for the staple and tape combination, exceeded the
force required to separate the plywood asphalt felt section from
the gypsum concrete for the nail and disc combination, by from 160
to over 200 percent. Furthermore, it has been found that, by using
the staple and tape combination of the present invention, the labor
time required for attachment of comparable areas of sheet material
to a base may be reduced as much as 80 percent over the labor time
required for attachment by using the manually driven nail and disc
combination of the prior art.
Various types of tape may be utilized in the practice of the
present invention. Presently preferred, however, is a rayon cord
tape, of three-eighth inches in width, consisting of five parallel
aligned tape elements attached together by means of an adhesive,
and manufactured by the American Viscose Division of FMC
Corporation under the tradename Avis Strap (30-L). This tape has a
tensile strength of 325 pounds, elongation of 12 percent, recovery
of 95 percent, an energy to break of 17.7 pounds per inch, and a
flash point in excess of 800.degree. Fahrenheit.
Typically, sheet material is in 36 inch widths. When the base
consists of wood, it has been found preferably in the practice of
the invention to utilize two strips of tape for each strip of sheet
material, one laid upon the overlapping of the sheet with the
adjacent sheet, and the other laid along the middle of the strip of
sheet material, with staples driven with a 12 inch spacing. When
the base material consists of gypsum concrete, it has been found
preferable to use three strips of tape per strip of sheet material,
with the same 12 inch staple spacing. With zonolite, it has been
found preferable to use three strips of tape, with an 8 inch staple
spacing.
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