U.S. patent number 3,771,345 [Application Number 05/261,043] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-13 for end forming station for metallic can body formers and the like.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Standun, Inc.. Invention is credited to Elpidifor Paramonoff.
United States Patent |
3,771,345 |
Paramonoff |
November 13, 1973 |
END FORMING STATION FOR METALLIC CAN BODY FORMERS AND THE LIKE
Abstract
A doming station for a can body former of the type having a
reciprocal ram carrying a metallic can body to and from the doming
station for reforming the can body end has a doming die urged to a
forward working position by compressible means such that under
malfunctioning in which more than one can body is on the can end,
the added force will permit the doming die to move rearwardly
avoiding damage thereto. An edge forming die ring may be separately
similarly mounted telescoping the doming die. A movable frame
portion mounts the doming die and is pivotal to and from extending
transversely across the ram path of movement. A securing part
thereof is movable rectilinearly transversely into a final working
position when pivoted into transverse position. In final working
position, pressure screws are tightened to exert axial pressure
between the movable frame and stationary frame portions to rigidify
in the final working position.
Inventors: |
Paramonoff; Elpidifor (Los
Angeles, CA) |
Assignee: |
Standun, Inc. (Compton,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22991728 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/261,043 |
Filed: |
June 8, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
72/349 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21D
22/30 (20130101); B21D 51/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B21D
22/20 (20060101); B21D 22/30 (20060101); B21D
51/26 (20060101); B21d 022/28 () |
Field of
Search: |
;72/1,28,348,349,465
;100/53 ;267/119,130 ;83/58,62 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Herbst; Richard J.
Claims
I claim:
1. In an end forming station for metallic can body formers and the
like, the can body former being of the type having an axially
reciprocal ram carrying a metallic can body on a ram end to and
form an end forming die of said forming station for reforming an
end of said can body generally axially against said end forming
die; said forming station comprising: a frame including a die
mounting portion and a stationary portion, said die mounting
portion having die mounting means thereon mounting said end forming
die in a normal axially forward position for limited movement
axially rearwardly from said forward position, said die mounting
portion in a normal working position extending generally
transversely retaining said end forming die axially aligned with
said reciprocal ram; rearwardly compressible means operably engaged
with said end forming die constantly urging said die forwardly into
said normal forward position and compressing to permit rearward
movement of said die upon a determined generally rearward force
being exerted against said die; hinge means operably connecting
said frame die mounting portion to said frame stationary portion
pivotal from and to extending generally transversely; keeper means
selectively engageable between said frame die mounting and
stationary portions when said die mounting portion is pivoted to
extend generally transversely for retaining said die mounting
portion extending generally transversely and in said normal working
position, said keeper means being selectvely disengageable for
permitting said pivotal movement of said die mounting portion from
and to extending generally transversely supported on said hinge
means; axial pressure means operably connected effectively
actionable between said frame die mounting and stationary portions
when said die mounting portion is in said normal working position
selectvely actionable for applying axial rigidifying forces between
said die mounting and stationary portions.
2. An end forming station as defined in claim 1 in which said hinge
means operably connects said frame die mounting portion to said
frame stationary portion pivotal from and to extending generally
transversely and with certain part thereof movable generally
rectilinearly transversely when extending generally transversely to
and from said normal working position; and in which said keeper
means is selectively engageable between said frame die mounting and
stationary portions at least when said die mounting portion is
pivoted to extend generally transversely and then said certain part
thereof is moved generally rectilinearly transversely into said
normal working position for retaining said die mounting portion
extending generally transversely and in said normal working
position, said keeper means being selectively disengageable at
least when said die mounting portion certain part is moved
generally rectilinearly transversely from said normal working
position for permitting said pivotal movement of said die mounting
portion from and to extending generally transversely supported on
said hinge means.
3. In an end forming station for metallic can body formers and the
like, the can body former being of the type having an axially
reciprocal ram carrying a metallic can body on a ram end to and
from an end forming die of said forming station for reforming an
end of said can body generally axially against said end forming
die; said forming station comprising: a frame including a die
mounting portion and a stationary portion; said frame die mounting
portion having said end forming die operably connected thereto,
said die mounting portion in a normal working position extending
generally transversely retaining said die axially aligned with said
reciprocal ram; hinge means operably connecting said frame die
mounting portion to said frame stationary portion pivotal from and
to extending generally transversely; keeper means selectively
engageable between said frame die mounting and stationary portions
when said die mounting portion is pivoted to extend generally
transversely for retaining said die mounting portion extending
generally transversely and in said normal working position, said
keeper means being selectively disengageable for permitting said
pivotal movement of said die mounting portion from and to extending
generally transversely supported on said hinge means; pressure
means operably connected selectively effectively actionable between
said frame die mounting and stationary portions when said die
mounting portion is in said normal working position for exerting
generally axial rigidifying forces between said die mounting and
stationary portions.
4. An end forming station as defined in claim 3 in which said
pressure means is operably connected selectively effectively
actionable between said frame die mounting and stationary portions
adjacent each of said hinge means and said keeper means when said
die mounting portion is in said normal working position for
exerting said generally axial rigidifying forces between said die
mounting and stationary portions.
5. An end forming station as defined in claim 3 in which said
pressure means is operably connected selectively effectively
actionable between said frame die mounting and stationary portions
adjacent each of said hinge means and said keeper means when said
die mounting portion is in said normal working position for
exerting said generally axial rigidifying forces between said die
mounting and stationary portions, each of said pressure means
including a selectively threadably adjustable pressure pin
effectively exerting axial forces between said die mounting and
stationary portions upon threaded movement thereof.
6. An end forming station as defined in claim 3 in which said hinge
means include means thereon also connecting said frame die mounting
portion to said frame stationary portion with at least part thereof
movable generally rectilinearly transversely when said die mounting
portion is pivotally moved to extending generally transversely,
said generally rectilinear transverse movement moving said die
mounting portion part transversely to and from said normal working
position.
7. An end forming station as defined in claim 3 in which said hinge
means include means thereon also connecting said frame die mounting
portion to said frame stationary portion with at least part thereof
movable generally rectilinearly transversely when said die mounting
portion is pivotally moved to extending generally transversely,
said generally rectilinear transverse movement moving said die
mounting portion part transversely to and from said normal working
position; in which said keeper means includes stationary engagement
members secured to one of said die mounting portion part and
stationary portion engageable with the other of said die mounting
portion part and stationary portion upon said die mounting portion
part being moved in said generally rectilinear transverse movement
into said normal working position and disengageable upon said die
mounting portion part being moved in said generally rectilinear
transverse movement from said normal working position permitting
said die mounting portion pivotal movement; and in which said
pressure means is operably connected selectively effectively
actionable between said frame die mounting and stationary portions
adjacent each of said hinge means and said keeper means when said
die mounting portion is in said normal working position for
exerting said generally axial rigidifying forces between said die
mounting and stationary portions.
8. An end forming station as defined in claim 3 in which said hinge
means include means thereon also connecting said frame die mounting
portion to said frame stationary portion with at least part thereof
movable generally rectilinearly transversely when said die mounting
portion is pivotally moved to extending generally transversely,
said generally rectilinear transverse movement moving said die
mounting portion part transversely to and from said normal working
position; in which said keeper means includes at least two pins
secured to said frame die mounting portion part and projecting
generally transversely when said die mounting portion extends
generally transversely, said pins being engageable with said frame
stationary portion when said die mounting portion part is moved in
said generally rectilinear transverse movement into said normal
working position; and in which said pressure means is operably
connected selectively effectively actionable between said frame die
mounting and stationary portions adjacent each of said hinge means
and said keeper means when said die mounting portion is in said
normal working position for exerting said generally axial
rigidifying forces between said die mounting and stationary
portions, each of said pressure means including a selectively
threadably adjustable pressure pin effectively exerting axial
forces between said die mounting and stationary portions upon
threaded movement thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an end forming station for metallic can
body formers and the like, and more particularly, to such an end
forming station wherein, through a unique mounting of the end
forming die, and an edge forming die ring if included, the die
elements are retained positioned properly and accurately
functional, while still being guarded against damage thereto caused
by accidental increased forces thereagainst resulting from a
malfunctioning of the metallic can body former. Also, this
invention relates to a unique overall construction of the end
forming station such that the entire end forming die assembly,
including the edge forming die ring where used, is normally
retained positioned properly and accurately functional as
hereinbefore set forth, yet where servicing of the die assembly is
required, the entire of such assembly, through proper manipulation
of certain components, may be selectively released and hingedly
swung from its functioning position to a servicing position
conveniently accessible at the side of the end forming station for
workmen required to perform such servicing operations.
Various prior forms of end forming stations for reforming the ends
of metallic cup-like articles, such as metallic can bodies, have
heretofore been provided. Depending on the particular type and form
of cup-like article being reformed, as well as the particular end
produce desired, these end forming stations may be mounted as a
single die station assembly in a given forming or press mechanism,
or the end forming station may be one of a series of metal forming
stations all included in the same former or press. In any event, in
the former or press of the type to which the present invention is
applicable, the metal cup-like article is carried at the end of a
reciprocal ram and the end forming station is positioned so that
when the ram reaches it full extension followed by reversal to
begin its return stroke, the metallic cup-like article is forced
axially against an end forming die to thereby carry out the end
forming operation.
A prime example of this type of former is that used for reforming
metallic can bodies into final or finished cans used ultimately for
containing various forms of beverages. Such a can body former in
the more recently produced forms will usually include a series of
wall ironing stations, possibly preceded by a redrawing station
where the particular can metal and final form of can dictates, with
the final operation being the reforming of the can body end at the
fully extended end of the ram stroke. Thus, in overall operation,
metallic can bodies in the form of shallow cups, ar fed, one at a
time, into position in the path of the reciprocal ram and when the
ram is fully retracted, the ram proceeds axially beginning its
stroke and telescopes the shallow cup over the end thereof, the ram
proceeds axially carrying the shallow cup through the redraw die,
if provided, and the series of ironing dies, and finally axially
against the end forming die at the end forming station, the fully
formed can then usually being stripped from the ram at the initial
portion of the ram return stroke.
Now it is apparent that in this final end forming station, the ram
maximum extended movement and the exact positioning of the end
forming die must be closely calculated in order that the end
forming operation on the can body will be properly performed while
still maintaining the desired metal thickness in the can body upon
forming completion. Such can bodies are formed of either aluminum
or tinplate steel and the completed thicknesses thereof are in the
order of 8 to 10 thousandths of an inch, yet these can bodies must
be usable for beverage containers capable of withstanding
reasonable sealed internal pressures. It can be seen, therefore,
that uniform metal wall and bottom thicknesses are extremely
critical and that the various dies, die rings and the like,
accomplishing the metal formation must be maintained exactly
positioned relative to ram movement and particularly including the
end forming die carrying out the exact can body end formation
during the ram stroke reversal.
For instance, assume that the exact point of reversal of the ram
stroke is properly calculated and the end forming die is properly
positioned relative thereto and solidly supported with proper
spacing predicated on the can body arriving at the end forming
station with a particular wall and end or bottom thickness in order
that the end forming operation will be properly accomplished, if
the can body wall and end thickness greatly exceeds, say by double,
this precalculated thickness, one of two things must occur, either
the ram cannot proceed to its normal stroke reversing position, or
the end forming die, and possibly the ram, will be damaged. In the
case where the ram is mechanically driven, the usual situation in
metallic can body formers, the alternative of damage to the can
body former components is the result. Furthermore, this situation
can be presented with metallic can body formers when malfunctioning
of shallow cup feeding causes the shallow cup resulting in the
finally formed can body to be wrongly positioned so as not to be
properly telescoped by the ram at the beginning of the forming
stroke or when two shallow cups, one partially telescoped over the
other, are improperly fed and simultaneously picked up by the end
of the ram at the beginning of the can body forming stroke.
Although proper shallow cup positioning for engagement by the ram
or the improper feeding of two shallow cups simultaneously into ram
pickup position has been of much easier and more positive
accomplishment with can body formers in the past, due to the
relatively slow operation of the prior can body formers, such has
presented a greater problem recently with the advent of more modern
designs. With the relatively recent metallic can body formers, it
is now possible to operate such formers at speeds in the range of
150-175 parts per minute. Thus, with the required fast feeding and
fast forming, and even with properly designed feeding mechanisms,
the danger of the stated type of malfunctioning can occur unless
refinements in the mounting and support of the end forming dies are
made to prevent damage to the die and ram.
Another troublesome problem presented with end forming stations for
metallic can body formers is occasioned by the fact that the end
forming die must be mounted within the end forming station
intermediate the supporting frame of the can body former since, as
stated, this end forming die must be axially aligned with the
reciprocal ram. With the end forming die thusly located, such die
and its necessary mounting and alignment frame components are
relatively inaccessible and difficult to service and replace as is
required under normal high-speed operating conditions. For these
reasons, it is highly desirable in high-spaced can body formers to
provide greater accessibility to the end forming station in order
to reduce the time required by maintenance personnel for the
various required servicing operations.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an end
forming station for metallic can body formers and the like wherein,
through a unique mounting means, the end forming die, and the edge
forming die ring where used, may be securely mounted properly
maintained and accurately aligned for proper functioning in the
metallic can body end formations under high-speed condition, while
still being virtually completely guarded against damage from
accidental increased forces caused by the various accidental
malfunctioning of the can body former. According to the principles
of the present invention, the end forming die, and the edge forming
die ring if used, are mounted through a particularly functional
compressible means retained in determined foward positions
accurately aligned with the reciprocal ram and properly spaced
therefrom during the end forming opration, yet both the end forming
die and edge forming die ring are rearwardly movable as permitted
by the compressible means upon forces being exerted thereagainst of
a greater magnitude than that intended. In this manner, if a
damaging thickness of metal caused by improperly fed or positioned
can bodies is presented at the ram end at the time of intended
contact of such metal with the end forming die station, the
compressible means permits the die and die ring to move rearwardly
beyond normal position, thereby avoiding damage thereto by
eliminating the effect of excessive forces thereagainst.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an end forming
station for metallic can body formers and the like which is readily
adaptable to use with either a single end forming die or the
combination of a central end forming die and a surrounding,
separately movable, edge forming die ring, both the die and die
ring being retained properly aligned with the axially moving ram,
but guarded from damage which could result from excessive rearward
forces being applied thereagainst through the stated body former
malfunctioning. In the preferred form of the end forming station of
the present invention, a first compressible means constantly urges
the central end forming die to a predetermined forward position and
retains the end forming die in such position throughout a normal
end forming operation, again permitting this central end forming
die to move rearwardly from this forward predetermined position in
the event excessive forces are applied thereagainst. The edge
forming die ring, on the other hand, is preferably mounted with a
lesser forward force from a second compressible means retaining
this die ring in its predetermined maximum forward position and
when this die ring is contacted by the can body during the normal
end forming operation, the die ring purposely moves a determined
amount rearwardly to properly edge form the can body with the
second compressible means still permitting even greater rearward
movement of the die ring in the event the excessive rearward forces
are applied thereagainst.
It is also an object of this invention to provide an end forming
station for metallic can body formers and the like in which the
functioning portions of the end forming station including the end
forming die, the edge forming die ring where provided, and the
mounting means and supporting frame for retaining the same properly
functional as hereinbefore discussed, are uniquely hingedly mounted
on the main can body former frame whereby the entire functioning
portion of the end forming station and therefore, that portion
requiring servicing from time to time, may be swung from normal
functioning position extending transversely of the can body former
to and from a side position at the side of the can body former
freely accessible by the servicing personnel. In the preferred
form, the hingedly movable portion of the end forming station is
hingedly secured at one side and maintained positioned by keeper
means at the other side with such hinge and keeper means being
arranged for movement of certain of the movable components first
transversely rectilinearly from the secured functioning position
and then all of the movable components hingedly from the transverse
extension to the side accessible position, return to the secured
functioning position being the reverse procedure, the transverse
rectilinear movement into the secured functional position not only
securely retaining the end forming station movable portion securely
in the functioning transversely extending position, but also
maintaining the exact required alignment of the end forming die and
edge forming die ring, if included, necessary for the proper
high-speed end forming operations.
It is still another object of this invention to provide an end
forming station or metallic can body formers and the like which, in
the preferred form, and through uniquely positioned and actionable
pressure applying means, permits pressure to be applied against the
frame members directly mounting the die members to rigidify such
mounting and die location. Still in the preferred form, as
hereinbefore discussed, when the end forming station movable
portion has been swung into its position extending transversely of
the end forming station and has then had certain parts moved
rectinlinearly transversely of such station into the final secured
positioning, selectively actuated pressure members may be actuated
to supply axial forces within the frame hingedly mounted components
directly transmitted to the frame stationary portions, thereby
rigidifying such final mounting. In such construction, preferably
one or more pressure screws may be applied adjacent each of the
hinge means and keeper means connections resulting in maximum
rigidified alignment for the die components in carrying out the end
forming operations.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following specification and the accompanying drawings which are
for the purpose of illustration only.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of a metallic can body former
incorporating the improved end forming station of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary, somewhat diagramatic vertical
section of the die pack portion of the metallic can body former of
FIG. 1 including a preferred embodiment of the end forming station
of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, end elevation, with parts
broken away and in section, looking in the direction of the arrows
3--3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary, top plan view, with parts broken away and
in section, looking in the direction of the arrows 4--4 in FIG. 3,
the end forming station being shown in solid lines in metallic can
body end forming functional position;
FIg. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, but with a movable portion of
the end forming station released and hingedly moved from metallic
can body end forming functional position;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary, vertical sectional view looking
in the direction of the arrows 6--6 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged, fragmentary, vertical sectional view looking
in the direction of the arrows 7--7 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged, fragmentary, vertical sectional view with
the ram of the metallic can body former against the end forming die
of the end forming station in proper functional position and
illustrating a first embodiment of the end forming station of the
present invention;
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 and illustrating a second
embodiment of the end forming station of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 8 and illustrating a third
embodiment of the end forming station of the present invention;
and
FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 8 and illustrating a fourth
embodiment of the end forming station of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST EMBODIMENTS CONTEMPLATED:
A typical application of the end forming station principles of the
present invention is use in a metallic can body former, a preferred
construction thereo being generally indicated at 20 in FIG. 1, the
end forming station forming an important component in such
environment. Referring for the moment to FIG. 1, the metallic can
body former 20 may include a ram guide and drive assembly generally
indicated at 22, a part feed assembly generally indicated at 24 and
a die pack assembly generally indicated at 26. In general, all of
the can body former 20 including the foregoing components may be
formed of usual materials by usual procedures properly adapted for
the intended use, that is, the formation of aluminum or tinplate
steel, shallow drawn cups into final can bodies for use principally
as beverage containers.
Briefly, in order to more clearly understand the requirements and
functioning of the various applications of the end forming station
principles of the present invention and referring to FIGS. 1 and 2,
the ram guide and drive assembly 22 of the can body former 20
supports and drives a horizontally reciprocal ram 28 in repeated
can forming and return strokes through the part feed assembly 24
and the diepack assembly 26. The part feed assembly 24 includes a
typical guide track 30 which feeds semi-finished can bodies in the
form of shallow drawn cups 32 downwardly, one at a time, into a
part positioning yoke 34. The diepack assembly 26 includes, in the
particular construction shown, a horizontally reciprocal redraw
blank holder positioning mechanism 36 controlling a redraw blank
holder 38, a redraw die ring station 40, a series of wall ironing
ring stations 42, a stripper station 44 and an end forming station
46, the latter mounting at least an end forming die or, in this
case, a doming die 48 and incorporating the end forming station
principles of the present invention.
In typical operation of the can body former 20, the metallic can
body forming cycle begins with the ram 28 withdrawn or to the left
as shown in FIG. 2, and the redraw blank holder positioning
mechanism 36 likewise withdrawn to the left, permitting the
downward feeding of a semi-finished can body or shallow drawn cup
32 by the part feed assembly 24 into the part positioning yoke 34
positioning the shallow drawn cup axially aligned with and with the
open end thereof facing the withdrawn ram. The redraw blank holder
positioning mechanism 36 then moves the redraw blank holder 38
axially into the positioned shallow drawn cup 32 forcing it against
the die ring of the redraw die ring station 40 followed by the ram
28 entering the redraw blank holder and ultimately engaging the
bottom wall of the shallow drawn cup to begin movement thereof
through the diepack assembly 26. Continued movement of the ram 28
carries the shallow drawn cup 32 progressively through the redraw
die ring and the wall ironing rings of the respective redraw die
ring station 40 and the wall ironing ring stations 42 to thin and
lengthen the various walls of the shallow drawn cup.
After leaving the last of the redraw die ring stations 40, the ram
carries the now nearly finished can body or cup first through the
stripper station 44 which expands to permit such passage and then
axially against the doming die 48 of the end forming station 46.
The doming die 48 forms an end arcuate recess to finish the can
body formation and provide the finished can body 50 illustrated in
phantom lines in FIG. 2. Furthermore, the forming stroke of the ram
28 is thereby completed and the ram immediately reverses to start
the withdrawal stroke thereof carrying the finished can body 50
back to the stripper station 44 where the finished can body is
stripped from the end of the ram and falls downwardly to conveying
mechanism, (not shown).
More particularly to the principles of the present invention, and
referring to FIGS. 3 through 7, the end forming station 46 includes
a movable frame portion generally indicated at 52 and a stationary
frame portion generallly indicated at 54, the former mounting and
positioning the doming die 48 axially aligned with the path of
travel of the ram 28 as will be hereinafter more clearly described
and the latter being secured to the main frame of the can body
former 20 and rigidly positioning the movable frame portion when
the same is in operative working position as will also be
hereinafter more fully described. As shown, stationary frame
portion 54 is comprised of two side parts, a hinge part 56 and a
keeper part 58, and in operative working position, the movable
frame portion 52 extends transversely between and is rigidly
supported on these stationary hinge and keeper parts. The movable
frame portion 52 is also comprised of two major parts, a clamping
part 60 and a die mounting part 62 with the die mounting part
supporting a die assembly generally indicated at 64 preferably of
unique construction according to certain of the principles of the
present invention.
The stationary frame hinge part 56 mounts vertically upwardly and
downwardly projecting hinge pins 66 and the stationary frame keeper
part 58 is formed with a pair of vertically spaced and transversely
extending keeper pin openings 68. The movable frame clamping part
60 has a generally central, axially extending opening therethrough
and at the stationary frame hinge part 56 is hingedly mounted on
the hinge pins 66 through upper and lower hinge plates 72 receiving
the hinge pins through transversely elongated hinge pin openings
74. At the stationary frame keeper part 58, the movable frame
clamping part 60 mounts upper and lower, transversely extending,
keeper pins 76 aligned with and engageable in the keeper pin
opening 68 of the stationary frame keeper part 58 when the movable
frame clamping part 60 is in transversely extending position and is
moved transversely rectilinearly toward the stationary frame keeper
part 58. That is, considering for the moment only the movable frame
clamping part 60 of the movable frame portion 52, with the movable
frame clamping part 60 engaged with the stationary frame keeper
part 58 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by transverse rectilinear
movement of the movable frame clamping part to the right as shown
in FIG. 4 and permitted by the transversely elongated hinge pin
opening 74, the keeper pins 76 are transversely withdrawn from
engagement with the stationary frame keeper part 58 so that the
movable frame portion 52 is free to swing from transversely
extending position ot the side as shown in FIG. 5, return and
re-engagement being the exact opposite procedure.
The movable frame die mounting part 62 is mounted forwardly of the
movable frame clamping part 60 through a series of pins 78 and
transversely elongated slots 80, one such being shown in FIG. 6 so
that the movable frame die mounting part 62 is hingedly movable
with the clamping part 60, yet the clamping part is transversely
rectilinearly movable relative to the die mounting part. At the
stationary frame hinge part 56, the movable frame die mounting part
62 is conventionally hingedly mounted on the hinge pins 66, that
is, hingedly movable thereon from and to transversely extending
position, but not rectilinearly movable relative thereto. At the
stationary frame keeper part 58, the movable frame die mounting
part 62 at the latter part of hinged movement thereof into
transversely extending position is received in a generally U-shaped
locater 82, the movable frame die mounting part at this location
having a series of vertically and axially projecting rest buttons
84 exactly aligning the movable frame die mounting part with the
locator and, consequently, the stationary frame keeper part 58.
At opposite sides, the movable frame clamping part 60 threadably
mounts a pair of axially extending pressure pins or screws 86
which, upon selective axially inward movement with the movable
frame clamping portion in position engaging the stationary frame
keeper part 58, engage hardened sockets 88 of the movable frame die
mounting part 62 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. With the one pressure
screw being adjacent the stationary frame hinge part 56, this
applies axial pressure between the movable frame clamping and die
mounting parts 60 and 62 and in view of the fact that each of the
movable frame clamping and die mounting parts are each separately
hingedly connected to the stationary frame hinge part, this
pressure screw movement is effectively actionable to also apply
axial pressure between the movable and stationary frame portions 52
and 54 so as to rigidify the movable frame portion on the
stationary frame portion, and the particularly important die
mounting part 62 of the movable frame portion. The selective inward
threading of the other of the pressure screws 86 has a similar
axial pressure effect between the movable frame clamping and die
mounting parts 60 and 62 and the movable and stationary frame
portions 52 and 54, that is, this other pressure screw 86 being
adjacent the stationary frame keeper part 58 applies axial pressure
between the movable frame clamping part 60 engaged in the
stationary frame keeper part 58 and movable frame die mounting part
62 engaged axially against the stationary frame keeper part at the
locater 82.
Thus, starting for example with the movable frame portion 52
hingedly moved toward open or side position displaced from normal
transversely extending working position as shown in FIG. 5, the
movable frame portion is first swung to transversely extending
position axially engaging the movable frame die mounting part 62
with the stationary frame keeper part 58 which immediately axially
aligns the doming die 48 in proper working position. The movable
frame clamping part 60, still in the phantom line position soown in
FIG. 4, is then moved or slid transversely rectilinearly to the
left into the solid line showing in FIG. 4 and relative to both the
movable frame die mounting part 62 and the stationary frame hinge
and keeper parts 56 and 58 to engage the movable frame clamping
part with the stationary frame keeper part. Finally, the pressure
screws 86 are selectively actuated to thereby apply rigidifying
axial pressure between the movable frame clamping and die mounting
parts 60 and 62, and resulting in such rigidifying axial pressure
also being applied between the movable and stationary frame
portions 52 and 54. To return to the open position shown in FIG. 5,
exactly the opposite procedure is obviously followed.
The purpose of mounting the die assembly 64, including the doming
die 48, for this hinged movement is to provide more convenient
access to the die assembly by workmen required to service the same.
With the die assembly 64 in its working position transversely
intermediate the can body former, it is difficult to service in
view of the inaccessibility of the same, yet with this convenient
hinged movement thereof through the movable frame portion 52, the
die assembly may be brought to the side of the can body former much
more conveniently accessible for such servicing. The purpose of the
axial pressure application by the pressure screws 86 is, obviously,
to rigidify the movable frame portion 52 on the stationary frame
portion 54 exactly axially aligned with the axial movements of the
ram 28 and capable of absorbing the usual metal working impacts
occasioned by the can body end forming operations.
As hereinbefore stated, the movable frame die mounting part 62
mounts the die assembly 64 and a first embodiment of such die
assembly according to certain of the principles of the present
invention is shown in vertical section in FIG. 8. Referring to FIG.
8, the die assembly 64 projects both forwardly and rearwardly of
the movable frame die mounting part 62 projecting axially
rearwardly into the opening 70 (FIG. 3) of the movable frame
clamping part 60 while remaining spaced from and free of the
movable frame clamping part. In FIG. 8, the movable frame clamping
part 60 is removed in order to more clearly show the detailed
construction of the die assembly 64.
As shown, a multi-piece cylinder housing 90 is secured part
forwardly and part rearwardly of the movable frame die mounting
part 62. Rearwardly of the movable frame die mounting part 62, the
cylinder housing 92 forms a doming die cylinder 92 at the rearmost
portion thereof which operably reciprocally mounts a doming die
piston 94, a central portion of the doming die piston projecting
forwardly through the movable frame die mounting part 62. Spaced
forwardly of the doming die cylinder 92, the cylinder housing 90
forms an edge forming die ring cylinder 96 enclosing an edge
forming die ring piston 98 which is reciprocal relative to both the
doming die piston 94 telescoping the same and the stationary frame
die mounting part 62.
Forwardly of the movable frame die mounting part 62 the cylinder
housing 90 radially inwardly receives a centering ring 100 which is
radially adjustably positioned therein by a series of centering
screws 102 and retained therein axially by a retainer 104. A
two-piece cover ring 106 is received radially within and secured to
the centering ring 100 and this cover ring, in turn, radially
outwardly encloses an axially reciprocal spacer ring 108 retained
in proper relative positioning by a guide pin 110 received axially
reciprocal in the centering ring 100. Radially inwardly of the
spacer ring 108, the centering ring 100 also axially reciprocally
mounts the doming die 48 which is rearwardly secured to a stopplate
112 with the stopplate rearwardly abutting the forward extremity of
the doming die piston 94.
In the particular emboidment shown in FIG. 8, the die assembly 64
is alternately usable with only the central end forming or, in this
case, doming die 48, or with both this doming die and an outwardly
telescoping edge forming die ring (not shown) in place of the
spacer ring 108, but in that form shown in FIG. 8, only the doming
die is used so that the die ring cylinder and piston 96 and 98 are
non-functional. Merely to complete the overall structure, however,
it may be seen that the spacer ring 108 (in place of the edge
forming die ring) rearwardly abuts a series of push pins 114 which
extend axially through and are axially reciprocal relative to the
cover ring 106 rearwardly abutting the forward extremity of the die
ring piston 98.
Mounted extending axially through a rear cover 116 of the cylinder
housing 90 is an emergency stop switch 118 which has a reciprocal
plunger 120 projecting forwardly into the doming die cylinder 92. A
rearwardly projecting actuator 122 is secured in and movable with
the doming die piston 94 aligned with the stop switch plunger 120
but normally forwardly spaced therefrom. Thus, as will be
hereinafter more clearly described, rearward movement of the doming
die piston 94 from the position shown in FIG. 8 will cause the
actuator 122 to engage the plunger 120 of the stop switch 118 and,
through proper electrical circuit connection, well known to those
skilled in the art, will stop the can body former 20.
In normal operation of the embodiment of the die assembly 64 shown
in FIG. 8, air at a pressure in the order of 60-65 pounds per
square inch is directed into the doming die cylinder 92 rearwardly
of the doming die piston 94 through the air inlet 124, with there
always being a slight bleed-off of air forwardly of the doming die
piston through a bleed-off outlet 126. With this constant supply of
pressurized air in the doming die cylinder 92 forcing the doming
die piston 94 forwardly, the doming die piston normally constantly
forces the doming die stopplate 112 forwardly to engage the cover
ring 106 and thereby, normally retain the doming die 48 in a
predetermined forward working position. This forward working
position of the doming die 48 is exactly predetermined or
precalculated to properly perform the desired end forming or end
doming operation on a single, at this stage, nearly completed can
body resulting in the finished can body 50 which has been properly
positioned on the end of the ram 28 and brought to the doming
die.
As shown in FIG. 8, the ram 28 is just at its maximum working
stroke and ready to commence its withdrawal or return stroke. In
this particular instance, the end forming die is the doming die 48
having a forwardly facing, arcuate working surface and forming a
like centralized arcuate recess in the end of and to complete the
finished can body 50. It is also seen that the annular edge portion
of the end of the resulting finished can body 50 in this doming
operation by the doming die 48 is formed somewhat angularly
inwardly predetermined by the particular formation of the end of
the ram 28 combined with the particular contour of the doming die
48.
During this end forming or doming operation in the normal manner
and under the normal circumstances, the pressurized air within the
doming die cylinder 92 exerts a sufficient predetermined forward
force through the doming die piston 94 to retain the doming die 48
in its working position throughout such operation. If, however, the
original shallow drawn cup 32 (FIG. 1) originally fed to the ram 28
is wrongly positioned on the ram 28 of if two of such cups are
accidentally picked up by the ram 28 as hereinbefore described, the
improperly positioned metal thickness or the increased metal
thickness presented by the ram will exert a far greater than normal
rearward force against the doming die 48 at the ram fully extended
stroke and this excessive force will urge the doming die rearwardly
as permitted by compression of the pressurized air within the
doming die cylinder 92 rearwardly of the doming die piston 94 as
caused by like rearward movement of this doming die piston. This
will prevent damage to the ram 28 and the doming die 48 from such
excessive forces and, at the same time, will cause the actuator 122
to engage the plunger 120 of the emergency stop switch 118
resulting in this emergency stop switch immediately stopping
operation of the can body former 20 (FIG. 1) to permit a correction
of the malfunction.
A second embodiment of the end forming station including certain of
the principles of the present invention is shown in FIG. 9 and may
include virtually identical components and assembly as the first
embodiment of FIG. 8 with the sole exception that the spacer ring
108 of the first embodiment of FIG. 8 is replaced by a functionally
reciprocal, edge forming die ring 128. As in the case of the spacer
ring 108 of FIG. 8, the edge forming die ring 128 of FIG. 9 is
retained positioned axially reciprocal by one or more of the die
pins 110 and rearwardly abuts the forward extremity of the series
of push pins 114, the push pins, in turn, rearwardly abutting the
forward extremity of the now activated die ring piston 98 of the
die ring cylinder 96. The die ring cylinder 96 is activated by
directing pressurized air through the air inlet 130 into the
cylinder rearwardly of the die ring piston 98, there again being a
slight bleed-off of such pressurized air forwardly of the die ring
piston through the bleed-off outlet 132. Furthermore, the pressure
of the pressurized air directed into the die ring cylinder 96
through the air inlet 130 is of a lesser pressure than that into
the doming die cylinder 92 preferably in the order of 15-20 pounds
per square inch for a purpose to be hereinafter described.
In operation of the second embodiment of the end forming station of
the present invention shown in FIG. 9, the pressurized air
maintained at a pressure in the order of 60-65 pounds per square
inch in the doming die cylinder 92 rearwardly of the doming die
piston 94 will again maintain, under normal conditions, the doming
die 48 in its forward working position as hereinbefore described,
whereas the pressurized air of lesser pressure in the order of
15-20 pounds per square inch in the die ring cylinder 96 rearwardly
of the die ring piston 98 will force the die ring piston forwardly
until this piston forwardly engages the rearward surface of the
movable frame die mounting part 62 (phantom line in FIG. 9) which,
in turn, through the push pins 114 will force the edge forming die
ring 128 axially forwardly to the phantom line position shown in
FIG. 9. This foregoing positioning of the edge forming die ring 128
is, of course, prior to the ram 28 reaching the end forming station
in its can forming stroke.
As the ram 28 approaches the end forming station in such forming
stroke, carrying a now nearly completed previously shallow drawn
cup 32 (FIG. 1), the ram and cup first generally axially engage the
edge forming die ring 128 and being to move this edge forming die
ring rearwardly relative to the doming die 48 while also beginning
to form an angled, annular edge on the can end. As the ram 28
finally reaches its fully extended end forming position shown in
FIG. 9, the edge forming die ring 128 has been forced rearwardly to
the position shown in FIG. 9 permitted by a precalculated
compression of the pressurized air within the die cylinder 96
caused by rearward movement of the die ring piston 98, again to the
position shown in FIG. 9. At the same time, under this normal
operating condition, the doming die 48 has remained in its forward
working position and has formed the centralized arcuate recess
within the can body finally resulting in the finished can body 134
shown in FIG. 9. This second embodiment end forming station shwon
in FIG. 9 is normally used for the end forming of the shallow drawn
cups 32 (FIG. 1) formed of the more difficult to shape aluminums
and tinplate steel as well as when a more pronounced angled end
edge is desired.
In any event, if malfunctioning of the can body former 20 (FIG. 1)
occurs as hereinbefore discussed, thereby exerting increased
rearward pressures against the doming die 48 and the edge forming
die ring 128, the doming die will move rearwardly in the same
manner hereinbefore described permitted by compression of the
pressurized air within the doming die cylinder 92 while the edge
forming die ring will be permitted to similarly react by moving
further rearwardly from its now partial rearward position by the
compression of the pressurized air within the die ring cylinder 96.
This, thereby, again prevents damage to the die components, as well
as the ram 28, with the emergency stop switch 118 again shutting
down the can body former 20 (FIG. 1). It is also pointed out that
this guarding of the edge forming die ring 128 in similar manner to
the guarding of the doming die 48 is accomplished despite the fact
that the edge forming die ring begins the normal end forming
operation at a first contacted extreme forward position as
determined by the die ring piston 98 being a maximum distance
forwardly against stop means formed by rearward surfaces of the
movable frame die mounting part 62 and this edge forming die ring
is intended to reciprocate a determined axial distance rearwardly
and then back forwardly in a normal can body end forming
operation.
A third embodiment of the end forming station incorporating certain
of the principles of the present invention is shown in FIG. 10 and
this embodiment is greatly simplified over those forms shown in
FIGS. 8 and 9. As seen in FIG. 10, the doming die 48 is again
mounted reciprocal on the movable frame die mounting part 62
through a multi-piece cylinder housing 136 and an inner centering
ring 138, a doming die stopplate 140 determining maximum axial
forward positioning or the working position of the doming die by
abutting a stop surface of the centering ring. The cylinder housing
136 is again both part forwardly and part rearwardly of the movable
housing die mounting part 62 and forms a doming die cylinder 142
enclosing a doming die piston 144 which normally forwardly abuts
the doming die stopplate 140. A similar arrangement of emergency
stop switch 146 is provided functioning in the same manner as in
the previous embodments.
Thus, in the use of this third embodiment, air under pressure is
admitted to the doming die cylinder 142 through an air inlet 148
rearwardly of the doming die piston 144, a same slight bleeding of
such air from the cylinder forward of the piston being permitted by
a bleed-off outlet 150. The pressurized air in the doming die
cylinder 142 provides the sufficient forward force to retain the
doming die 48 in its normal working position during the normal
forming of a can body into a finished can body 50 as shown.
Malfunctioning and increased rearward forces against the doming die
48 again causes rearward movement thereof by compression of the
pressurized air in the doming die cylinder 142 so as to guard the
doming die and ram 28 against damage and the actuation of the
emergency stop switch 146.
A fourth embodiment of the end forming station of the present
invention is shown in FIG. 11 and this fourth embodiment form is
again a simplified form quite similar to the third embodiment form
shown in FIG. 10. The real exception is that a slightly different
form of doming die 152 is provided so that the structure may
incorporate resilient compressible means in the form of an annular
resilient ring 154 between a rearward surface of the multipart
doming die 152 and a forward surface of a centering ring 156. A
doming die cylinder 158 encloses a doming die piston 160 which
forwardly abuts and urges the doming die 152 to its normal axially
forward working position as determined by stop means formed
partially by the doming die and partially by a mounting ring
162.
Thus, the same general operation of this fourth embodiment form
takes place, except under malfunctioning wherein rearward movement
of the doming die 152 is permitted by compression of the
combination of the resilient ring 154 and the pressurized air
within the doming die cylinder 158 behind the doming die piston
160. This, thereby, again guards the ram 28 and the doming die 152
against damage as in the other embodiments. An emergency stop
switch 164 operable in the same manner is provided for the
malfunctioning situation.
According to the principles of the present invention, therefore,
various constructions of end forming stations are provided, all of
which incorporate certain unique principles for guarding the die
components against damage which would normally be caused by
malfunctioning of the machine within which these end forming
stations are installed. Furthermore, any of the various embodiments
of end forming stations may incorporate unique mounting means, also
illustrated and described herein, which permits ready accessibility
to the various components of the end forming stations by
maintenance personnel, yet normally retains the end forming
stations in proper working position. It is pointed out that,
although specific constructions of end forming stations have been
illustrated and described herein, all of which incorporate certain
of the principles of the present invention, it is not intended to
limit the principles of the present invention to these specific
forms shown.
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